少林寺景点介绍中文及英文.docx

少林寺景点介绍中文及英文中文版少林寺的历史久远，始建于北魏太和十九年（495年）。32年后，印度名僧菩提达摩来到少林寺传授禅法。以后，寺院逐渐扩大，僧徒日益增多，少林寺声名大振。达摩被称为中国佛教禅宗的初祖，少林寺称为禅宗的祖庭。禅宗修行的禅法称为“壁观“，就是面对墙壁静坐。由于长时间盘膝而坐，极易疲劳，僧人们就习武锻炼，以解除身体的困倦。因此传说少林拳是达摩创造的。少林寺在唐朝初年就扬名海内。1673年，少林寺派人参加战争，帮助康熙皇帝打赢了一场战争，但是，随后康熙命蒙古八旗进攻少林，少林寺被夷为平地，有五名僧人逃了出来，据说加入了天地会。右图为少林僧人在寺门前表演少林功夫。少林寺在鼎盛时期，7进院落，规模很大。可惜在1928年，军阀混战，军阀石友三火烧少林寺，把天王殿、大雄宝殿、法堂和钟楼等主要建筑统统毁于一炬；许多珍贵的藏经、寺志、拳谱等烧成灰烬。现在还存在的建筑有山门、立雪亭、千佛殿等，其他建筑正在陆续恢复中。千佛殿内供毗卢佛铜像，因此亦叫毗卢殿。殿内彼地上还保存着20多个直径约4.5厘米的洼坑，是往昔寺僧练拳习武时的脚坑遗迹。脚坑分布方圆不大，呈一条线状，这是僧人刻苦练功的见证，也说明少林拳的所谓“曲而不曲，直而不直”的特点。千佛殿东侧的白衣殿，三面墙绘有少林拳谱壁画，壁画长约20米，很生动地表现少林寺和尚练拳习武的情景。大雄宝殿是寺院佛事活动的中心场所，与天王殿、藏经阁并称为三大佛殿。原建筑毁于1928年，1986年重建。殿内供释迦牟尼、药师佛、阿弥陀佛的神像，殿堂正中悬挂康熙皇帝御笔亲书的“宝树芳莲四个大字，屏墙后壁有观音塑像，两侧塑有十八罗汉像。整个建筑结构合理，雄伟壮观，气宇轩昂。立雪亭建于明代，1980年重新修缮。相传这里是二祖慧可侍立在雪地里向达摩祖师断臂求法的地方。殿内神龛中现供奉达摩祖师的铜坐像，是在公元1531年（明嘉靖十年）所铸。龛上悬挂的匾额“雪印心珠四字为清乾隆皇帝御笔亲题，字体遒劲，气势豪迈。此殿现为寺僧日常做佛事的场所。少林寺自建寺以来，禅、武、医举世闻名，经久不衰，沉积了丰厚的历史内涵和文化底蕴，曾先后被评为“郑州市十大旅游景区、全国首批“4A级景区，年接待游客150余万人次，是名副其实的中原旅游明珠，华夏旅游胜地。英文版ShaolinTemplehasalonghistory.Itwasbuiltinthe19thyearofTaiheoftheNorthernWeiDynasty(495).Thirty-twoyearslater,thefamousIndianmonkBodhidharmacametotheShaolinTempletoteachZen.Afterthat,thetemplegraduallyexpanded,thenumberofmonksincreased,ShaolinTemplefame.DharmaisknownastheoriginatorofZenBuddhisminChina,andShaolinTempleisknownastheancestraltempleofZen.TheZenmethodofZenpracticeiscalled"Biguan",whichmeanssittingstillfacingawall.Sittingcross-leggedforalongtime,themonkswereeasilytired,sotheypracticedmartialartstorelievetheirbodydrowsiness.HencethelegendthatShaolinboxingwascreatedbyDharma.ShaolinTemplebecamefamousintheearlyTangDynasty.In1673,theShaolinTemplesentpeopletofightinthewartohelptheKangxiEmperorwinawar,butthenKangxiorderedtheMongolianEightBannerstoattacktheShaolinTemple.Thetemplewasburnedtotheground,andfivemonksescapedandreportedlyjoinedtheSocietyofHeavenandEarth.Right,ShaolinmonksperformShaolinKungfuinfrontofthetemple.ShaolinTempleinitsheyday,7intothecourtyard,alargescale.Unfortunately,in1928zwarlordShiYousetfiretotheShaolinTemple,destroyingthemainbuildingssuchastheTempleofHeaven,theHalloftheGreatHero,theTempleoftheDharmaandtheBellTower.Manyprecioussutras,Buddhistrecordsandboxingrecordswereburnedtoashes.Theexistingbuildingsincludethemountaingate,thePavilionofStandingSnowandtheHallofThousandsofBuddhas.Othersarebeingrestoredoneafteranother.ThereisabronzestatueofPiluBuddhaintheThousandBuddhaHall,soitisalsocalledPiluHall.Morethan20pitswithadiameterof4.5cmarepreservedonthebrickfloorofthetemple,whicharetheremainsofthefootpitsofthemonkswhentheypracticedmartialarts.Thefootpitsaredistributedinasmallradiusandinalinearshape,whichisthetestimonyofthemonks'hardpractice,andalsoshowsthecharacteristicsoftheso-called"curvedbutnotcurved,straightbutnotstraight".IntheBaiyiHallontheeastsideoftheThousandBuddhasHall,thethreewallsarepaintedwiththeShaolinboxingspectrummurals,whichareabout20meterslongandvividlyshowtheShaolinmonkspracticingboxingandmartialarts.MahaviraHallisthecenterofBuddhistactivitiesinthetemple,andTianwangHallzandknownasthethreeBuddhisthalls.Theoriginalbuildingwasdestroyedin1928andrebuiltin1986.TempleforSakyamunizmedicineBUddha,AmitabhaBuddhadeities,hanginginthemiddleofthepalaceEmperorKangxipenprobook"treasuretreeFangLian"fourcharacters,screenwallbehindthewalloftheGuanYinstatue,onbothsidesoftheplastic18Arhats.Thewholebuildingstructureisreasonable,magnificentandmagnificent.ThePavilionwasbuiltintheMingDynastyandrenovatedin1980.ItissaidthatthisistheplacewherethesecondpatriarchHuikestoodinthesnowandsoughtDharma'sadvice.ThebronzeseatedstatueofDharma,nowenshrinedintheshrine,wascastin1531AD(thetenthyearofJiajingintheMingDynasty).Theplaquehangingontheniche"snowheartbead"fourwordsfortheQingemperorQianlongimperialpensubject,thefontisstrong,imposingmomentum.ThishallisnowaplaceformonkstoperformdailyBuddhistactivities.Sinceitsfoundation,ShaolinTemple,Zen,martialarts,medicine,theworldfamous,enduring,depositedrichhistoricalconnotationandculturaIdeposits,hasbeenawardedthe"ZhengzhouTopTentouristattractions",thefirstnational"4Ascenicspot",annualreceptionofmorethan1.5milliontourists,isthetrueCentralPlainstourismpearl,Chinesetouristresort.