情态动词(答案版）.docx

情态动词1.ean的基本用法:表示体力或智力上的能力，即“能够，会”,可与beableto转换。例:HecanspeakEnglish.=HeisabletospeakEnglish.Canyouplaybasketball?No,Ican,t.如果表示将来具备的能力,要用willheableto。例：IfIhaveagoodsleep,Iwillbeabletodotheproblem.表示许可，主要用于口语，书面语一般用may。例：CanWegohomenow,please?一No,youcan,t.Youcanonlysmokeinthisroom.Youcan,tkeepthelibrarybooksformorethanamonth.表示“可能”，与may同义，但一般用在疑问句中。例J：Whatcanhepossiblywant?在否定句中，否定形式皿!表示推测“不大可能例：Anybodycanmakemistakes.Thenewscan,tbetrue.与第一、二人称连用时，还可以就可能的解决问题的方式或可能的行为提出建议,在这里，也可用COUld使语气婉转例：Can/CouldWemeetagainnextweek?卜.周我们可以再见面吗？Whatshallwedo?我们怎么办呢？Wecan/couldtryaskingLucyforhelp.我们可以请露茜帮忙试试看。Youcan/couldhelpmewiththecooking.你可以帮我做饭。【热身练习()1.IsthemanMr.Yang?Itbehim.HeIhaSWonetoChangshaforameeting.A.needn,tB.mustn'tC.can,t()2.Whatanamazingrobot!Itcookmorethan5,000dishes.A.shallB.needC.mustD.can)3.Thetallmanwithglassesovertherelookslikeourmathteacher.Itbehim.HeIhaSRoneabroadA.maynotB.mustn'tC.can'tD.needn,t)4.DidyouspendmuchtimedrivingbacktoyourhometownduringtheNationalDayholiday?Yes.Therewastoomuchtraffic.What,smore,drivingonthehighwaybeveryIdanRerOUsLsoyoubetoocareful.A.must;shouldB.can;can,tC.might;mustD.may;can,t)5.ICOUIdlIgotothemoviethisweekend,Dad?Yes,you.Butyouhavetoebackbeforenine.A.shallB.mustC.needD.can()6.Whoisthemanoverthere?IsitMr.Li?No,itbehim.Mr.Liismuchtaller.A.mustn,tB.maynoC.can,tD.needn,t()7.Thelakeissaidtobedry.Isthattrue?It.Look,somekidsareswimminginit.A.mustbetrueB.can'tbetrueC.maynotbetrue()8.Listen!IsProfessorJohnsongivingareportinthehall?No,itbehim.HehasgonetoJapan.A.needn,tB.maynotC.mustn,tD.can,I()9.Canyouplaythepiano?Yes,I.Ioftenpracticeitonweekends.A.needn,tB.needC.can,tD.can()10.IsJessicagivingusaspeechthisevening?No,itbeher.ShetoJapan.A.mustn't;hasgoneB.mustn't;hasbeenC.can,t;hasgoneD.can,t;hasbeen()11.MrSmithmusthavebeentoyourhomethismorning.一No,he,becausehedidn'tknowmyaddress.A.couldn,tB.can,tC.mustn,tD.maynot()12.IsLucyknockingatthedoor?No.ItbeLucy.SheisinJapannow.A.needn,tB.mustC.can,t()13.ItisusuallywarminmyhometowninMarch,butitberathercoldsometimes.A.mustB.canC.shouldD.would()14.Theydowellintheexam.A.canbeabletoB.beabletoC.canabletoD.areableto()15.MayIhaveawordwithyou?No,you.mbusytoday.A.nccdn,tB.wouldn,tC.don,thavetoD.can,t()16.Whoistheboyoverthere?IsitJohn?No,itbehim.Johnismuchtaller.A.mustn'tB.maynotC.can,tD.needn,t()17.CanyouplayFrisbee,Jay?Yes,I.It'seasy.A.mustB.canC.needD.may2.may的基本用法：(1)表示“许可”，用can比较口语化。例：Youmay/caneifyouwish.如果你想来，你就来»Youmaynotpickflowersinthispark.本公园内不许摘花。(maynot表示按规定不许可，如果用mustn't则表示说话人不许可。)-Slsmokehere?我可以在这里抽烟吗？No,youImIStil"I不行。(mustft表示明确的禁止。)肯定句中表示推测，“可能”。例：Itmayraintomorrow.明天可能会下雨。Thenewsmaynotbetrue.这个消息可能不会是真的。注意：如果在蜒问句I中表示“可能”，通常用can。例：Canitbetrue?那会是真的吗?Whocanhebe?他究竟是谁呢？(3)【注意】：-SI/we?-Yes,youInIayl./-No,youImUStifd【热身练习】()1.一Sandy,isMrLiintheteachers'officenow?IamnotSUrd.Hebethere.A.mustB.can'tC.mustn,tD.may()2.Wehaveagraduationceremonynextweek,IbUtI'mnotSUrdA.mustB.needC.might()3.Where'sJane?I'mnotSUilSheinthelibrary.A.mightbeB.mustbeC.can,tbe)4.TheybeleavingforYunnannextmonth.ButIrmnotsure.Wccanaskyourfatheraboutit.A.canB.mustC.mightD.should()5.WhatisyourmothergoingtodothisSaturday?mnotsure.Shegotoseemygrandmother.A.canB.mustC.may()6.Excuseme,wherearewegoingtohaveourclassmeeting?一mnotsure.Askourmonitor,please.Heknow.A.canB.mayC.needD.shall()7.-borrowthesemagazines?Sorry,onlythemagazinesovertherecanbeborrowed.A.MustB.WouldC.MayD.Need()8.Johnetoseeustonight,butheisn'tverysureyet.A.mayB.canC.hastoD.must()9.IhaveyourEnglishname,pleaseYes,Helen.HELEN.A.MustB.MayC.WillD.Need()10.Sheknowtheanswer,butmnotsure.A.maybeB.maybeC.mayD.must()11.Johnctoseeustonight,butheisn,tverysureyet.A.mayB.canC.hastoD.must()12.Iein,MrGreen?Yes,ein,please.A.MustB.NeedC.WillD.May3.must的基本用法：表示必须，强调说话人的主观意志。例：Imustgonow,or11belate.Youmustbeherebyteno,clock.【注意】：表示"必须"时，must的否定式为nccdn't,或don'thaveto,而不是ImIStn"。也就是：一MustI/wedoitnow?-Yes,youjmust.-No,youIiIeediftHdoifthaveto.当must提问时，肯定回答用ImISto否定回答用IIeedl't和don'thaveto例：一MustIgowiththem?-No.you.needn,t,或don'thaveto.表示推测,一般只用于肯定陈述句,表示非常肯定。例：Shedidn'tlookatme.Shemustbeangry.她不朝我看，一定是生气了。HeisgoodatEnglish.Hemustknowtheword.他英语好，准知道这个词。YoumustbeMr.Jones.想必您就是琼斯先生吧EmustVShavetomust和haveto都有”必须''的含义，但侧重点不同：must强调说话者主观(自己)的看法。haveto强调客观(外力作用)的需要，也可以翻译为“不得不”。例如：ImustgotoschoolandIcarnsomeKnOWlCdge.我必须会学校上课学一些知识。(自己要回)1havetogotoschoolbecausetheholidayisOVer.假期结束了我不得不回学校上课了。must没有人称和数的变化，而haveto有动词单三形式：hasto和动词过去式:hadto将来时：willhavetomustnot=mustn,t表示禁止()1.Thebiggestchallengeweallfaceistopreventfurtherenvironmentaldisasters.WeIiakCactionbeforeitistoolate.A.canB.mustC.mayD.might()!.Accordingtothenewtrafficrules,peoplewearahelmetwhenridingancbikc.A.mightB.mayC.canD.must()3.一Youtakephotoshere!Lookatthesign.Itsays卜NOPhotoShSorry,Iwon,t.A.mustB.needC.mustn'tD.nccdn,t()4.Sitdown,please.YouA.couldB.canIbetiredafterstandingIforSOIOng.C.mustD.might()5jPon'tYOUknowPaSSenRerSA.needn,tB.mustn'tsmokeonhighspeedtrains?C.wouldn'tD.couldn't()6.一Accordingtotheschoolles,thestudentsgettheirearspierced.Ithinkthat'sright.Studentsshouldpaymoreattentiontotheirstudy.A.mustn'tB.canC.needn'tD.should()7.IMaylIparkmycarhere?No,you.Can,tyouseethesign®?A.mustn'tB.wouldn,tC.needn,tD.couldn,t()8.ThisbookbeJim,s.IHiSnameisOnit.A.mustB.mightC.can,tD.mustn't()9.Look!PeopleoutsideareWearinJthickcoatsTheweatherbeverycold.A.mightB.mustC.can,t()10.Susanhasboughtalargehousewithaswimmingpool.Itbeveryexpensive.Ineverevendreamaboutit.A.mustB.mightC.can,tD.shouldn,t()11.Dowehavetofinishourhomeworkthisafternoon?Yes,you.A.mustB.canC.mayD.need()12.MayIwatchTVforawhile?-No,you.Youhavetofinishyourhomeworkfirst.A.shouldn,tB.needn,tC.mustn,tD.won't()13.It,sthelibrary!Soyouknowshoutingisnotallowedhere.A.canB.mustC.needD.may()14.Anothercupofcoffee?No,thanks.Ibeoff.Maryiswaitingforme.A.canB.mayC.mustD.might()15.Ifthetrafficlightisred,youcrosstheroad.It,sverydangerous.A.don,tB.mustn,tC.needn,tD.wouldn,t()16.OurclasswontheEnglishspeakingcontest.Congratulations!Youbeveryproudofit.A.canB.needC.wouldD.must()17.Ifthetrafficlightisred,youcrosstheroad.It,sdangerous.A.don'tB.needn,tC.mustn,tD.wouldn't()18.Eventhetopstudentsinourclasscan,tworkoutthisproblem,soitbeverydifYicult.A.mayB.mustC.canD.need()19.Mum,mayIwatchTVnow?Sure,butyouhelpmewithmyEnglish.A.canB.mayC.mustD.could()20.Idownloadthearticleagain?No,youneedn't.A.ShallB.WillC.MustD.Can()21.Childrenplaywithfire.A.mustn'tB.can'tC.shouldn,tD.needn't4.should1)表责任或义务，意为“应该”，用于各种人称。Youshouldbepolitetoyourteachers.你对老师应该有礼貌。2)表推测，意为“想必一定、照说应该、估计”等。Thefilmshouldbeverygoodasitisstarringfirstclassactors.这部新电影是一流演员主演的，估计拍得很好。【热身练习】()1.Lilyisintelligentandhardworking,shedowellinthesingingpetition.-Sure.Shewasborntobeasinger.A.shouldB.mightC.can't知识点总结：情态动词用法例句can能,会,表示能力IcanspeakEnglish.我会说英语。可能；允许Canyouhelpme?你可以帮我吗？can,t表推测（0%）Hecan,tbeLiMing,forIjustsawhimgoOUt.他不可能是李明，因为我刚看见他出去了。不能，不会，不允许Ican'tgoWi由you.我不能和你一道去。must必须Nurseshavetowearauniform.护士必须穿制服。一定，肯定（表猜测的可能性100%）Hemustbeahardworkingstudent.他一定是个用功的学生。mustn,t千万不要，禁止，不允许（危险的、规则和法律的常用）Youmustn'tcrosstheStreet.你千万不要横穿马路。need需要常用于疑问句Needshegowithus?她需要跟我们一起去吗？needn't不必，不需要Wehaveplentyoftime.SoIneedn'tdrivequickly.我们有足够的时间，所以我不必开车开得太快。may可以（猜测的可能性20%80%）MayIcin?我可以进来吗？可能（常用于肯定句）HemaybeatSChooL他可能在学校。haveto不得不（客观）Hehastolookafterhismother,不得不照顾他的母亲，因为他的母亲病了。don,thaveto不需要Youdon'thavetobeearly.你不需要早到。表推测意义及用法肯定句must意为“一定”，表示有把握的推测may/might/could意为“也许，可能”，表示没有把握的推测否定句can,tcouldn,t意为“不可能”表示没有把握的否定推测/maynot/mightnot意为“不可能”表示有把握的否定推测疑问句can/could意为“可能”表示推测不同时态中表推测的句子情态动词+动原表示对现在事情的推测，ThebookmustbeKatc,s.情态动词+be+动词ing表示对正在发生的事情的推测,Shemustbedoingsportsnow.情态动词+have+过去分词表示对过去的事情的推测,Hemusthaveknownthebadnews.There+情态动词+be+主语+现在分词表示：“可能/或许/一定会有在做”Theremightbesomeboyssinging.【特殊回答】【综合练习】()22020黄石】一MomIwatchTV情态动词用于疑问句肯定回答否定回答Musthedohishomework?他必须做作业吗？Yes,hemust.是的，他必须。No,heneedn,t.No,hedoesn,thaveto.不，他不需要。Needshegohome?她需要回家吗？Yes,shemust.是的，她必须。No,sheneedn,t.No,shedoesn'thaveto.不，他不需要。MayIborrowyourbook?我可以借你的书吗？Yes,youmay.是的，你可以。No,youcan,tmustn,L不，你不能。tonight?Sure,butyouIfiniShyourhomework而¾.A.can,mustn'tB.may;couldC.may;can'tD.can;must()16.【2020鄂州】-Whosetextbookisit?IsitJenny's?No,itIbeJenwS.Look,Helen'snameisonthecover.IthinkitbeHelen's.A.can't;mustB.mustn't;mustC.can,t;mayD.mustn,t;may()13.(2021贵州)一IMUStlIwashmyclothesatonce,mom?-No,you.Youwashthembefore5:00p.m.A.needn,t;mayB.mustn't;mayC.needn,t;needD.mustn't;must()20.Look,theladyinred园ourEnglishteacher.No,shebe.SheisIinthenow.A.must,can,tB.may,mustC.can,mustn'tD.can,tcan()21.IISWimhere?一msorry.ChildrenISWimalo祠here.A.must;can'tB.can;mustn,tC.may;mustn,tD.shall;can,t()10.(2021四川)一IMUStlIfinishthejobthisFriday?No,you.YoucanfinishitnextMonday.A.can,tB.NeedC.needn'tD.mustn't()3.Itakesomephotosinthehall?一No,you.A.Can,needn,tB.Must,mustn,tC.Could,won,tD.May,mustn,t()5.IsJessicagivingusaspeechthisevening?一No,itbeher.ShetoJapan.A.mustn,t;hasgoneB.mustn,t;hasbeenC.can,t;hasgoneD.can,t;has()15.Ican,tgiveupsmoking,doctor.-Foryourhealth,mafraidyou.A.mayB.canC.havetoD.must()3.Hebeintheclassroom,Ithink.No,hebeintheclassroom.Isawhimgohomeaminuteago.A.can;maynotB.must;maynotC.may;can'tD.may;mustn,t()10.Itakethenewspaperaway?No,youmustn,t.Youreaditonlyhere.A.Must;canB.May;canC.Need;mustD.Must;must11.Mustwecleantheroomrightnow?No,you."You_may_cleanitafterlunch.A.needn,t;mayB.needn,t;mustC.Mustn't；canD.mustn't；may15. MustIfinishtheworktoday?No,you.Youfinishittomorrow.A.mustn,t;mayB.can,t;canC.needn,t;mayD.needn't；must