第1部分教材知识解读选择性必修第一册Unit1PeopleofAchievement.docx

第一册选择性必修Unit1PeopleofAchievement基础知识排查速记*做驮写本及时巩固速记词汇句型背诵I.认阅读单词1. physiologyn.生理学；生理机能2. artemisinin/?.药青蒿素3. malarian.疟疾4. extractn.提取物；摘录提取；提炼；摘录；（用力）拔出5. wormwood/!,i;洋艾6. substancen.物质；物品；事实根据7. penicillinn.青霉素；盘尼西林8. chartn.图表”.记录；制订计划9. flowchart流程图10. numerous力.众多的;许多的11. theory/?.理论；学说12. relativityn.相对论；相对性13. formulan.公式；方程式；配方14. patenth.专利；专利证书；获得专利。靖.有专利的；受专利保护的15. doctoraten.博士学位16. photoelectricadj.光电的17. institution/1.社会公共机构；制度；习俗18. institute”.（教育、专业等）机构；机构建筑19. moustachen.上唇的胡子；髭20. peculiarityn.个性；特点；怪异的性质21. devicen.方法；技巧；装置；仪器II.记重点单词1. CrUCiaI次"至关重要的；关键性的2. VitaIa力.必不可少的；极其重要的：充满生机的3. objectiven.目标；目的次客观的4. ProPerty.性质；特征；财产5. boil”&oi.（使）沸腾；煮开；烧开.沸腾；沸点6. Iiquidn.液体时.液体的；液态的7. Obtaina（尤指经努力）获得；赢得况.（规章、习俗等）存在；流行8. acknowledge”.承认（属实、权威等）；（公开）感谢9. defeat/?.失败；挫败加.击败；战胜10. apparently血.显而易见；看来；显然11. insist成&”.坚持;坚决要求12. mostly曲.主要地；一般地13. fleevi.&r.（fled,fled）迅速离开；逃跑14. circumstancen.usua11y/.条件；环境；状况15. flow.流；流动；流畅；供应况.流；流动16. infer”.推断；推定17. geniusn.（p/.geniuses）天才；天资；天赋18. extraordinaryw.不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的19. gradually而.逐渐地；逐步地20. encounter班偶然碰到;遇到n.邂逅；遭遇21. mournvt.&况.哀悼；忧伤22. remarkable4力.非凡的;显著的23sum式.总结；概括n.金额；款项；总数；总和24.draft".草稿；草案起草；草拟HL知拓展单词1. COmmit”.承诺；保证式.忠于；全心全意投入（工作、活动等）一committed。靖.尽心尽力的：坚定的；坚信的-*commitment.投入；奉献；承诺2. academy/?.（艺术、文学、科学等的）研究院；学会；专科院校facademic靖.学业的；学术的3. botanical靖.植物学的botany.植物学4. evaluate”.评价；评估fevaluation.评价；评估5. distinct时.清晰的;清楚的；有区别的一distinction.区别；差别6. analyse（/VAmE-Ze）”.分析fanalysis（p.analyses）/?.分析7. SCientifiCM/.科学（上）的；关于科学的fscience.科学一SCientist.科学家8. conclusionn.结论；推论一ConClUde九断定；推断出9. novelist.小说家novel".（长篇）小说新颖的；珍奇的10. found”创建；建立；把建立在一foundation.创建；基金会一founder.创建者；创始人11. politiciann.政治家；从政者；政客politics/?.政治（学）fpolitical时.政治的12. gentle4力.温柔的；文静的fgently血.温柔地；温和地13. passionn.酷爱；激情-passionate有激情的14. consequencen.结果；后果一consequent靖.随之发生的；作为结果的-*consequently流入结果；因此；所以15. professorn.教授fprofession.职业，行业fprofessional力.职业的n.专业人士I词汇助力I高频词汇1. featuren.特征；特色2. fictionn.小说；虚构的事3. fierceadj.猛烈的；凶猛的4. financen.财政；金融5. flashlightn.手电筒6. flexible灵活的：柔韧的：可弯曲的7. forgetfula.健忘的；易忘的8. fortnightn.十四日；两星期M背核心短语1. COmmitOneSeIftO（Sth/doingsth/dosth）承诺；保证（做某事、遵守协议或安排等）2. insiston坚决要求3. Wearandtear（正常使用造成的）磨损；损耗4. COmetOPOWer（开始）掌权；上台5. takeupaposition担任；任职6. sumup总结；概括7. leadto导致8. graduatefrom毕业于9. withtheobjectiveof目的是10. managetodosth设法做成某事V.悟经典句式1. Artemisininhassavedhundredsofthousandsoflives,andhasledtoimprovedhealthformillionsofPeOPIe.（过去分词作前置定语）青蒿素挽救了成千上万人的生命，并改善了数百万人的健康状况。2. Afterfailingmorethan190times,theteamfinallysucceededin1971.（Afterdoing.）经历了190多次失败之后，这个团队终于在1971年获得了成功。3. UponhearingthatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize>SheSaid,wThehonourisnotjustmine.w(Upondoing.)获悉自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说：“这份荣誉不仅仅属于我”4. ItisindeedanhonourforChina,SscientificresearchandChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld.(it作形式主语)中国的科学研究和中医药得以在全世界传播确实是一个荣誉。5. Whileworkingthere,outofastrongpassionforknowledge,hecontinuedtostudy,earningadoctorateinphysicsin1905.(Whiledoing.)工作期间，出于强烈的求知欲，他继续学习，并于1905年获得了物理学博士学位。填词语境词汇串记请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文Oconclusion,objective,Commi3acknowledge,VitaLacademicMadamCurieBeinganextraordinarywomangenius,gentleMadamCuriemanagedtoobtaintwokindsofradioactiveelements,whichwere1.andcrucialtophysics.ltwaswidelyacknowledgedthatshewasborninPolandin1867.Distinctfromothergirls,shehadastrongpassionforscienceand2.herwholelifetoscientificresearch.Aftergraduatingfromhighschool,shetookupapositionasatutor.In1891,shewasadmittedintotheAcademyofParis,wheresheachievedgreat3.performancesandasaconsequence，shebecamethefirstwomanprofessor.Underunbearablecircumstances>sheandherhusbandsparednoefforttoanalyzeandevaluatePitChblende(沥青铀矿)withthe4.ofextractingradioactivesubstancesandstudyingtheirPrOPertieS.Apparently,theyencounterednumerousfailures,butundernocircumstancesdidthecouple5.defeatandtheyinsistedontheirambition.Usingflowchartsandsummingupwhattheyhadstudied,thecouplegraduallydrewa6.thatPoandRadidexist,whichwassoonspreadthroughouttheworld.In1934,MadamCuriepassedawayandthewholeworldmournedthegreatlossofaremarkablescientist.核心考点突破提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇BcommitW.承诺；保证；花（钱或时间）近.忠于；全心全意投入（工作、活动等）（COmmittedM尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的commitmentn.投入；奉献；承诺）commitmurder/acrime/amistake犯凶杀罪/犯罪/犯错commitoneselfto(sth/doingsth/doSth)承诺/保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)becommittedto(doing)sth/commitoneselflo(doing)sth致力于(做)某事makeacommitmentto(doing)sth保证/承诺(做)某事(1)我强烈建议你每天抽出一个小时的时间读英语，这将逐渐提高你的英语口语。同时，你最好保证经常和你的同学练习说英语。(应用文写作之建议信)Istronglysuggest,whichwillgraduallyimproveyourspokenEnglish-Meanwhile,you,dbetter(2)我在如此多的人面前犯了一个愚蠢的错误，满脸窘得通红。(读后续写之尴尬心理描写),myfaceredwithembarrassment.(3)他渴望被这所著名的研究院录取，因此，他每天都致力于学习。我深信他的投入早晚会得到回报。Hedesirestobeadmittedtothefamousacademyandasaconsequence，.1deeplybelievethatdoespayoffsoonerorlater.国acknowledgeW.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢acknowledgesb/sthas/tobe认为某人/物是;承认某人/物是acknowledgedoing/havingdonesth承认做了某事acknowledgethat承认ItisUniversallyZwidelyacknowledgedthat.是大家公认的。(1)Tomacknowledged(defeat)intheEnglishspeechcompetition,whichmadeusquitedepressed.(2)ProfessorYangZhenningisacknowledgedoneoftheworld'sgreatestphysicists.(3)我感谢我的英语老师，没有他我不可能在英语方面取得如此巨大的进步。(应用文写作之感谢信),withoutwhomIcouldn,thavemadesuchgreatprogressinEnglish.(4)位于我们校图书馆二楼的自习室给我们学生提供了一个自主学习和合作学习的理想场所，这是大家公认的。(2022.浙江6月，应用文写作)thattheself-studyroomlocatedonthesecondfloorinourschoollibraryprovidesusstudentswithanidealplaceforindependentandcooperativelearning.Hinsistvt.&优.坚持；坚决要求insiston(doing)sth坚决要求/坚持(做)某事insist作“坚决要求”讲时，后接宾语从句，从句谓语动词用虚拟语气，形式为“should+动词原形"，ShoUId可省略；作“坚持认为”讲时，从句用陈述语气，根据需要选择相应的时态。(I)Asaconsequenceofsomesolidevidence,thepoliceofficerinsistedthathe(disobey)thetrafficrulesand(fine).(2)只有当你坚持运用你所学的东西，你才能够尽快掌握汉语。YoUcanmasterChineseasquicklyaspossibleonlywhenyou.(insiston)(用倒装句改写)Elconclusionn,结论；推论(COndIIdeW.断定；推断出)inconclusion最后；总之cometo/reach/arriveat/drawaconclusion得出结论conclude.withsth/bydoingsth以结束concludefrom.从中得出结论(1)ThefamousnovelistconcludedhisspeechadistinguishedsayingwWherethereisawill,thereisaway,(2)总之，你的切实可行的建议一定可以使我们关于中国传统文化的主题班会吸引更多的外国人。(2021全国甲，书面表达)，yourpracticalsuggestionsareboundtomakeourthemeclassmeetingabouttraditionalChineseculturesappealtomoreforeigners.(3)我从自己的经历中得出结论：“家庭是生活暴风雨中的救生衣。”(读后续写之亲情升华句)I,"Familyisalifejacketinthestormyseaoflife.”(conclude)I,“Familyisalifejacketinthestormyseaoflife.,r(conclusion)Hcircumstancen.(USUaHyP/.)条件；环境；状况under/innocircumstances无论如何不，决不(置于句首，句子用部分倒装)ifcircumstancespermit/allow如果情况允许的话under/inthecircumstances在这种情况下；既然如此(1)我决不放弃创办一家公司的目标。如果条件允许的话，我将立即采取行动去实现我的梦想。theobjectiveOffbundingacompany.,Iwilltakeimmediateactiontoaccomplishmydream.(2)我的搭档生病了。即使在这种情况下，他仍然不遗余力地和我一起分析评估我们收集的数据，我内心深处的敬佩之情油然而生。(2022浙江1月，读后续写)Mypartnerwasill.，hestillsparednoefforttoanalyseandevaluateourcollecteddata,andafeelingofadmirationbegantoriseinmydeepheart.得takeupapositionJlflE；任职takeup拿起；占据：开始从事：接受takeoff脱下；起飞；事业腾飞；休假takein吸收；理解；妆留；欺骗takeover接管；接任takeon呈现；底用；承担takedown写下；记下；拆除takeapart拆开;拆卸用take的相关短语填空(I)Withtheremarkabledevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,ourcountryhasanewlook.(2)1acknowledgedthatIhardlywhattheteachersaidinclass,whichmademeinlowspirits.(3)Tom,apersonwithPaSSiOn,willhispositionaschairmanoftheStudentCouncilattheendofnextmonth.(4)Thesmartprofessorhadnodifficultythefridgeandrepaireditsuccessfully.(5) Apparently,whenthedelayedflightwilldependsmuchontheweather.(6)Westudentsinsistonthekeypointsinclassandsumthemupafterclass.BUpon/Ondoing.UPQnj工皿t(latshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize,shesaid,“Thehonourisnotjustmine.”获悉自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说：“这份荣誉不仅仅属于我”upon/ondoing(that)一就，表示一件事紧接着另一件事发生。 表示“就”的其他形式：assoonas,themoment/minute/instant,immediately/directly/instantly等。(1)一听说伯纳德陷入困境，约翰立即致力于通过做爆米花帮助他。(2020新高考全国I,读后续写),Johnwasimmediatelymmittedtohelpinghimbymakingpopcorn.(Upon/Ondoing.)(2)我的头一从大南瓜里拔出来，我就松了一口气。(2021浙江I月，读后续写)»Isighedinrelief.理it作形式主语ILjSJdeMljanJh三三ldtIChina'sscientificresearchandChinesemedicineSb黑piadaroundtheWOrld.中国的科学研究和中医药得以在全世界传播确实是一个荣誉。it作形式主语的常用句式： Itbe÷anhonour+forsbtodosth./ltbeone,shonour+todosth. Itbe+过去分词(Said,thought,believed,supposed,reported.)+that从句。 Itbe+形容词(Strange,important,vital,obvious,PoSSibIe.)+that从句。 Itbe+名词短语(apity,ashame,afact,agoodidea,nowonder.)+that从句。 Il+不及物动词(OCCUl,h叩Pen,Seem.)+thal从句。(1)很荣幸能发表演讲，与大家分享我对京剧的看法。(应用文写作之演讲稿)sharewithyoumyopinionsonBeijingOpera.(2)Apparently.weshouldspendsometimeconsideringwhichlearningmethodsuitsusmosl.(2022全国乙)weshouldspendsometimeconsideringwhichlearningmethodsuitsusmost.(it作形式主语)(3)听说你要去一个中国家庭做客，我非常高兴。了解中国的餐桌礼仪是有必要的。(话题写作之传统文化)mmorethandelightedtoIeamthatyouaregoingtovisitaChinesefamily.(Itis÷adj.÷that.)(4)据说这位老人是一位刻薄的人。但事实是他对孩子很友好，甚至请他们吃美味的水果。(读后续写之人物描写)theoldmanwasameanman.Buthewasfriendlytochildrenandeventreatedthemtodeliciousfruits.印证高考原句呈现1. Mostuniversitieshostwelcomeeventsbeforetheacademicyearofficiallybegins,includingfreshmenorientations,campuspicnics,andentertainmentslikeConCertS.（2021天津6月）大多数大学在学年正式开始前举办欢迎活动，包括迎新会、校园野餐和类似音乐会一样的娱乐活动。2. Anotherwayofsettingrealisticgoalsistoanalyzeyourshortandlongtermobjectives,keepinginmindyourbeliefs,valuesandStrengthS.（2019全国II）设定现实目标的另一个方法是分析你的短期和长期目标，记住你的信仰、价值观和优势。3. ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday7*30amto5I00pmandislocatedatRomaStreetStation.（2020全国I）失物招领处营业时间为周一到周五上午7:30到下午5：00,办公地点位于罗马街车站。4. Scientistshaveobtainedmoreevidencethatplasticisfindingitswayintothehumanbody.（2019江苏）科学家已经获得更多的证据，这些证据表明塑料正在进入人体。5. Aboveall,Ihopedhewouldn'lassignmetoworkwiththefiercelycompetitiveandextremelyseriousfellowwhoalwaysworedarkclothesandapparentlyhadapersonalitytomatch.（2022浙江1月）最重要的是，我希望他不要把我分配给一个好胜心很强、极其严肃的人，他总是穿深色衣服,显然他的个性与之相配。巩固基础知识达标提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇I.一词多义练/熟词生义练清除阅读障碍1. acknowledgeA.承认B.告知收到C.（公开）感谢（I）Iacknowledgemymother,whoalwayssupportsmewhateverhappens.（2）Graduallyhebegantoacknowledgehisfeelingsofenvytowardshissister.（3）A11applicationswillbeacknowledgedbyemails.2. flowA.流动B.流畅C.供应Doi.(液体)流动EaX大量人或物)流动(1)Thereisnodenyingthatthegovernmentencouragestheflowofgoodsandservicestoremoteareas.(2)Beforeandduringthepopularfestival,controllingthe11owofcrowdswasakeyissue.(3)Largenumbersofvillagerscontinuetoflowintobigcitiestosearchforjobs.(4)AsfarasIamconcerned，toomanyexamplescaninterruptthesmoothflowofthetext.(5)Asyouknow,theYangtzeRiverflowsintotheEastSea.3.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思(I)TuYouyoudiscoveredanovelmethodtoextracttheusefulsubstance.(2)In1967,theChinesegovernmentformedateamofscientistswiththeobjectiveofdiscoveringanewtreatmentformalaria.(3)“Iwasturningthepagetogetreadyforthenextpage,butthedraftwindfromtheturncausedthesparepagestofalloffthestand,“MrTittertonsaid,aLuckilyIwasabletocatchthemandputthemback.,(2021新高考全国I)II.核心知识强化练巩固语言知识1. (commit)toscientificresearchtoagreatextent,hecouldn,tspareanytimetogoonholiday.2. (apparent),wecan,tjudgepeoplefromexternalappearances.3. Iacknowledge(make)abetwithhisclassmate.4. Jackwasn,tsayinganythingbuttheteachersmiledathimasifhe(do)someoddthings.5. Tosum，wecantackletheprobleminthisscientificmanner.6. Fromtheproofwehavegathered,wecanindeeddrawa(conclude)thathehasbrokenthelaw.7. InsistingthatTom(steal)hercar,theoldtailorinsistedthathe(send)toprison.8. isobviousthatChinawillmakeagreatdifferenceintheworldtodayandtomorrow.9. Wetriedtofindatableforseven,butasamatteroffact,theywerealltaken.10. nocircumstanceswillmymotherpermitmetogooutaloneatnight.写作能力提升I.单句写作应用文增分练（2020全国I）我最尊敬的人1 .我最尊敬的人是我的叔叔，他终生致力于治愈病人的疾病。（becommittedto）2 .无论遇到什么困难，他决不承认失败。（circumstance；acknowledge）3 .自从他就职以来，他一直坚持全心全意为病人服务。（takeupaposition；insiston）4 .在他看来，帮助病人从疾病中康复是他的职责。（it作形式主语）5 .2020年一听说武汉急需医生，他亳不犹豫地前往武汉。（UPOn/Ondoing.）II.微型写作续写提能练【教材续写语料】1.情感描写gentle温柔的；文静的passionn.酷爱；激情extraordinaryMA不一"般的；非凡的；意想不到的2.动作描写COmmit”.承诺；保证忠于；全心全意投入（工作、活动等）boilW.&或（使）沸腾;煮开；烧开.沸腾；沸点acknowledge”承认（属实、权威等）；（公开）感谢defeatn.失败；挫败”.击败；战胜insistvi.&“.坚持;坚决要求flown.流；流动；流畅；供应式.流；流动encountera偶然碰到;遇到.邂逅;遭遇mournvt.&况.哀悼；忧伤【续写语料运用】请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。袁隆平被认为是最伟大的农业科学家，他于2021年5月22日在长沙与世长辞。天下着毛毛细雨，好像在哀悼痛失这位温和而非凡的科学家。悲痛欲绝，许多中国人为之痛哭，泪水不受控制地顺着脸颊流淌。他终生满怀热情地致力于研究水稻。他始终坚持自己的梦想，无论遇到什么样的困难，他都不承认失败。inagriculture,YuanLongpingpassedawayinChangshaonMay22,2021.Itwasdrizzlingasif.Overcomewithsorrow,manyChinesepeoplecriedtheirheartsout,.He.Healwaysandhewouldn，t.