长城景点介绍中文及英文.docx

长城景点介绍中文及英文中文版万里长城，是中国古代的军事防御工事，是一道高大、坚固而且连绵不断的长垣，用以限隔敌骑的行动。长城不是一道单纯孤立的城墙，而是以城墙为主体，同大量的城、障、亭、标相结合的防御体系。长城修筑的历史可上溯到西周时期，发生在首都镐京（今陕西西安）的著名典故“烽火戏诸侯就源于此。春秋战国时期列国争霸，互相防守，长城修筑进入第一个高潮，但此时修筑的长度都比较短。秦灭六国统一天下后，秦始皇连接和修缮战国长城，始有万里长城之称。明朝是最后一个大修长城的朝代，今天人们所看到的长城多是此时修筑。长城资源主要分布在河北、北京、天津、山西、陕西、甘肃、内蒙古、黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、山东、河南、青海、宁夏、新疆这15个省区市。其中河北省境内长度2000多千米，陕西省境内长度1838千米。根据文物和测绘部门的全国性长城资源调杳结果，明长城总长度为8851.8千米，秦汉及早期长城超过1万千米，总长超过2.1万千米。现存长城文物本体包括长城墙体、壕堑/界壕、单体建筑、关堡、相关设施等各类遗存，总计4.3万余处。1961年3月4日，长城被国务院公布为第一批全国重点文物保护单位。1987年12月，长城被列入世界文化遗产。英文版TheGreatWallztheancientChinesemilitaryfortifications,isatallzstrongandcontinuouslongwall,usedtolimitthemovementoftheenemy.TheGreatWallisnotjustanisolatedwall,butadefensesystemwiththewallasthemainbodyandalargenumberofcities,barriers,pavilionsandlandmarks.ThehistoryoftheconstructionoftheGreatWallcanbetracedbacktotheWesternZhouDynasty,whichistheoriginofthefamousstory"thebeaconfireplayedwiththevassals"inHaojing,thecapitalcity(today'sXi,anzShaanxiProvince).DuringtheperiodofSpringandAutumnandtheWarringStates,thestatesfoughtforeachotheranddefendedeachother.TheGreatWallconstructionenteredthefirstclimax,butthelengthoftheconstructionwasrelativelyshort.AfterQindestroyedthesixStatesandunifiedtheworld,thefirstEmperorofQinconnectedandrepairedtheWarringStatesGreatWall,whichwascalledtheGreatWall.TheMingDynastywasthelastdynastytooverhaultheGreatWallzandmuchofwhatpeopleseetodaywasbuiltatthistime.TheGreatWall'sresourcesaremainlydistributedin15provinces,regionsandmunicipalities,includingHebei,Beijing,TianjinzShanxi,Shaanxi,Gansu,InnerMongolia,HeilongjiangzJilinzLiaoning,Shandong,Henan,Qinghai,NingxiaandXinjiang.Amongthem,thelengthofHebeiProvinceismorethan2,000km,andthelengthofShaanxiProvinceis1,838km.AccordingtoanationalsurveyofGreatWallresourcesconductedbytheDepartmentofCulturalRelicsandSurveyingandMapping,thetotallengthoftheGreatWallintheMingDynastyis8z851.8km,whilethatintheQinandHanDynastiesandtheearlyperiodismorethan10,000km,withatotallengthofmorethan21,000km.TheexistingGreatWallculturalrelicsincludemorethan43,000remainsoftheGreatWallwalls,trenches/boundarytrenches,individualbuildings,gateways,andrelatedfacilities.OnMarch4,1961ztheGreatWallwasannouncedbyTheStateCouncilasthefirstbatchofnationalkeyculturalrelicprotectionunits.InDecember1987,theGreatWallwaslistedasaWorldculturalHeritagesite.