简单句知识点整理学案.docx

简单句概念：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）的句子叫简单句。一，根据句子的结构分类：主谓Thesunisrising.Thetrainhasleft.主系表wearestudents.Thefishhasgonebad.主谓宾sheiswritingaletter. 主谓间接宾语+直接宾语shegavemeabook.Hetoldusalie. 主谓宾+宾补hemadeuslaugh.Ihearsomeonesinging. therebe句型thereisabookonthedesk.Thereare50studentsinourclass.二，根据句子作用分类：陈述句，疑问句，祈使句，感慨句1,陈述句用来陈述一件事情或表示一种看法。肯定式Mydaughterhasgraduadtedfromschool.否认式1）,be和助动词will,have情态动词can,shall,should后直接加not.Mikewillnotgothere.2）,行为动词，借助don't,doesn,t,didn,tShedidn,tcometoschoolyesterday.3）注意：allboth与not连用表半否认Allthesebooksarenotmine.这些书并非都是我的。2,疑问句分为四种，一般疑问，特殊疑问，反义疑问，选择疑问。1）,一般疑问句用yes,no来答复。Issheateacher?Yes,sheis.2）,特殊疑问句WhenwillyougotovisittheGreatWall?Whoisintheroom?（WhO作主语）Whydontyou？表建议3）,反义疑问句分俩类：陈述句+疑问局部（前肯定后否认；前否认后肯定）Hedoesn,tlikesports,doeshe?注意：前有否认词缀时，Hedislikessports,doesn,zthe?前含有never,hardly,seldom,few,little,nothing,等否认词时,HehardlyknowsEnglish,doeshe?前有Idon,ztthink(believe,suppose,expect),Idontthinkhecanfinishthework,canhe?ShethinksIcanfinishthework,doesn,，tshe?肯定式+肯定疑问祈使句时Haveacupoftea,willyou?1.et,sgothere,shallwe?请对方证实Yourbikeisoutside,isit?反义疑问句的答复，事实肯定用yes,事实否认用noJapanisinEurope,isntit?No,itisn"t.Japanisn“tinEurope,isit?No,itisn”t4),选择疑问句Doyougotoworkbybusorbybike?3,祈使句表示命令，请求，建议Getup.Comein,please.Don,tbeafraid.1.et,sgohomeDon,tletthedogcomeintotheroom.4,感慨句HoW引导.（修饰形容词或副词）What引导（修饰中心词是名词，前可能有形容词修饰）HowfluentlyhespeaksEnglish!Whatfineweather!注意冠词位置：Whatamovingstory!Howmovingastory!三，句子成分主谓宾定状补，表，同位语1,主语句子所说的人和物Wegetupatsixinthemorning.2,谓语说明主语的动作或状态，动词充当HeplaysfootballonSunday.3,宾语谓语动词的动作对象，介词后，或动词后Theflooddestroyedmanyhouses.分俩种，指人的是直接宾语，指物的是间接宾语Myparentsgavemeapresentonmybirthday.4,定语用来修饰名词，意思是“的Thebookonthedeskismine.Thatisaninterestingstory.IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?5,状语修饰动词，或形容词，或句子，表时间，地点，原因，目的，程度，结果等WhenIgottothestation,thetrainhadleft,Shecomesheretoborrowsomebooks.6,宾语补足语位于宾语后，补充说明宾语Thebadnewsmadehersad.7,表语系动词后，Wearehappy.Themusicsoundsnice.Hebecameateacherattheageof20.8,同位语说明前面名词表示的具体内容Westudentsmuststudyhard.9,therebe句型注意主语后定语的结构Thereisamanwaitingforyou.Therewere20peoplekilledintheaccident.Thereissomethingimportanttodealwith.辨析：Therebe：某地有某物Have：拥有Thereare4membersinmyfamily.Ihaveabrotherandasister.简单句练习题一、划分句子成分1. Mybrotherhasn'tdonehishomework.ABC2. TheOldmanWaSfeelingVerytired.ABC3. SheWaSthefirsttoIearnaboutit.ABCD4. TherewasabigSnIiIeOnherface.AB5. HebegantoIeamEngliShWhenheWaSyoung.ABCD6. ISaWMr.WanggetOnthebus.ABCD7. Shefounditdifficulttodothework.ABCDE8. PeOPIeallOVertheWOrIdSPeakEnglish.9. TheyCaIlmeLiiysometimes.ABCDE10. SheIOVCStheIibrarybecauseShCIoVCSbooks.ABCD二、变换句型1. Hedidhishomeworklastnight.（变否认句）2. Robertisastudent.（变否认句）3. Itiscoldonthemoonatnight.（变一般疑问句）4. WehadaphysicstestIaStWedneSday.（就划线局部提问）5. Shehassupperatsix.（变反意疑问句）三、单项选择1. hegaveyou!A.whatgoodadviceB.howgoodadviceC.whatagoodadviceD.howgoodadvices2. didn,tyouenjoytheperformancelastnight?.itwaslesswonderfulthanexpected.A.Yes,Idid.B.Yes,Ididn,tC.No,1didn,tD.No,Idid3. ItisthethirdtimethatJhonhasbeenlate,?A.Hasn,theB.isn,theC.Isn,titD.hasn,tit4. Tornswimmingincoldwater.A.not likeB. likes notC.doesn,tlikeD.doeslikenot5. waitaminute?A.shallyouB.willyouC.doyouD.don,tyou6. Thesuit,sfinished?A.Don,titB.isn,titC.Haven,titD.don,tyou7. idon,tthinkhewillcometoourparty?A.willheB.won,theC.doesheD.doi8. downtheradio!Thebabyisasleepinthenextroom.A.TurningB.ToturnC.TurningD.Turn9. sinceyouhaverepairedmytvset,isnoneedformetobuyanewone.A.ItB.thereC.thisD.that10. shesetoutsoonafterdarkhomeanhour.A.ArrivingB.toarriveC.havingarrivedD.andarrived11. shedislikethisskirt?A.Doesn,tsheB.doesn,tsheC.Isn,tsheD.isshe12. isyourfather.heisateacherinamiddleschool.A.WhatB.whoC.whichD.where13. howisyourfather?A.Heisfine,thankyou!B. Heisonly40.C. HeisadriverD. Helikesfootballbest.home?five months.14. 一一haveyoubeenawayfromIhavebeenawayfromhomeforA.HowmuchB.howlongC.WhattimeD.when15. let,stakearest,?A.WillweB.shallweC.Shan,tweD.won,twe答案：15ACCCB610DADBD1115BABB