2023-2024学年外研版（2019） 必修第三册 Unit 3 The world of Science Understanding ideas课时练（含答案）.docx

Startingout&UnderstandingideasI.单词拼写1. Mom,pleaseremembertobuytwomedium-sized（电池）formyalarmclockwhenyougotothestore.2. Wheneverthereisasaleinthesupermarket,mymotheralwaysendsupbuyinggood_（物品）atalowprice.3. Hehasa（渴望）forsuccessthoughhehasfailedmanytimes.4. Suddenly,awhitelight（射出）towardsmyeyes,andIcouldseenothing.5. Ifyouwanttostartthemachine,（按）thebutton.6. Ifyouareeasytogetlost,yo,dbettertakea（指南针）withyou.7. Home-workingopportunitiesand（灵活的）workinghoursaretopconcernsfortheworkingmothers.8. Alargefirmis（有能力的）ofprovidingawiderrangeofservicesforthepublic.H.单句语法填空1. Developingahabitofplayingteamsportscanreduce（press）andkeepfit.2. Animalsinthezoohavelostthe（capable）tocatchfoodforthemselves.3. Aslongaswestrugglehard,ourdreamthatseemsnottoberealisedforever,canturninto（realise）soonerorlater.4. The（flexible）ofdistancelearningwouldbeparticularlysuitedtobusymanagers.5. Scientistsandengineersaroundtheworldhavemadegreat（advance）inArtificialIntelligence.6. ThemanagerthoughtPaulwasthebestpersonforthejobtermsofbothhisabilityandhisquality.7. Asweallknow,hardworkisessentialforourcareeranditcanleadsuccess.8. Thankshisgiftforlearningforeignlanguages,Billcancommunicatewithpeoplefreelyinthiscountrynow.9. Thehotelitselfcanaccommodate80guestsandaddition,thereareseveralself-cateringapartments.10. Ifyousaytheword“communication”,mostpeoplethinkwordsandsentences.IIL单句写作1 .昨天的交通事故到底是在哪里发生的？theroadaccidenthappenedyesterday?2 .有那么多事情要做,她今天上午没有时间去购物了.,shewon,thavetimetogoshoppingthismorning.3 .迈克有可能提前完成这项任务。thetaskaheadoftime.4 .很明显,五年级的学生比一年级的学生要高。It,sobviousthatstudentsinGrade5thoseinGrade1.5 .依我看,一个人的成功不能总是从钱的角度来衡量。Inmyopinion,one,ssuccesscannotalwaysbemeasured.IV.阅读理解A17-year-oldArulMathurhasdevelopedanewfireextinguisher（灭火器）tohelpputoutwildfiresnearhouses.ThefireextinguisheriscalledtheFireActivatedCanisterExtinguisher（FACE）.Overthepastthreeyears,therehavebeenalmost7,500,000acresofwildfiresinCaliforniaalone,whichdeInoIiShnearly50,000buildings.Thishascausedmanylocalpeopletobecomehomeless.ArulgrewupinNewJerseywherewildfireswerehardlyheardof.AftermovingtoCaliforniain2012,hebegantohearaboutwildfires.Inthesummerof2019,awildfirethreatenedhisfamilytoleavetheirhome.Uponquestioninghimselfonthereasonbehindthespreadofwildfires,Arulrealizedthefact.Bythetimefirefightersgetthenoticeofawildfire,thewildfirehasalreadygrownoutofcontrol.FACEcanhelpstopwildfiresbeforetheyburnhouses.Itputsoutwildfiresbyitselfaftersensingextremeheatwithouthumans.Itcanstandtheextremeconditionwhichisahigh-tCmperatureenvironment.Moreover,ithasabracket（支架）thatallowsittobeplacedinavarietyofhigh-riskareas.Unliketraditionalfireextinguishers,FACEhasamixtureofwaterandanenvironmentally-friendlyfireretardant（阻燃剂）withinit.longer have to rely on the fire focus on controlling the running a pilot test with some said, “In general, FACE has beenArulsaid,“IthinkthatbyowningFACE,peoplenodepartmenttosavetheirhouses."Firefighterscouldfire,whilepeoplecouldprotecttheirhomes.HeisnowofhisfriendsfromthemediaplatformKickstarter.Heverywell-receivedthroughthemediaplatform.”Arulhasgreatinterestinfiresafetyandpreventionandactivelysearchesforwaystospreadawareness.Helovestoexploreadvancesintechnologyandheishappytogivecommunitiessomeadviceonfireprevention.Arulisnowplanningtodeveloplargerunitsforspecificuseinforestapplications.Hesaid,wHumanshaveseengreatprogressintechnology.Now,weneedtousepresenttechnologytodevelopmoreenvironmentally-friendlysolutionsforfireprevention.”1. Whatdoestheunderlinedworddemolishwinparagraph2probablymean?A.Destroy.B.Cause.C.Protect.D.Build.2. WhatcanbeknownaboutArul,Sfireextinguisher?A. Ithastoworkwiththehelpofhumans.B. Itdoesverylittleharmtotheenvironment.C.Itcannotstandhightemperatures.D.Itusesthesamematerialsasatraditionalone.3. WhatdoesArulintendtodoatthemoment?A. Setupamediaplatformwithhisfriends.B. Keeppeopleupdatedonnewtechnologies.C. DevelophugerFACEforforestapplications.D. Makegreatercontributionstocleanenergy.4. WhichofthefollowingcanbeusedtobestdescribeArul?A. Friendlyandwealthy.B. 1.azybutcreative.C. Hard-workingbutselfish.D. Cleverandhelpful.BSometimesapersonwhothinksinanunusualwaycanlookattheworldfromadifferentpointofview.SuchwasRichardPhillipsFeynman,arolemodelchangemaker.Bornin1918,hebeganshowingsomeunusualqualities.ThefirstsignofFeynman,suniquequalitieswasthathehadn,tyetspokenbyagethree.ButyoungFeynmanshowedatalentformathandengineering.Heenjoyedrepairinghouseholdobjects,andbuiltasimplelaboratoryinhisroom.Bythetimehewasinhighschool,hewasexperimentingthingswhichwereonlytaughttocollegestudents.AfterFeynmangraduatedfromhighschoolin1939,hestudiedatMIT.Despitethefactthathisgradesinscienceandmathwere“thebestthatwe,veseen”,accordingtoPrinceton,hewasalmostrejectedduetohisverypoorgradesinwritingandhisJewishreligion.Finally,hewasacceptedandcontinuedtostudyphysicsatPrincetonwherehegothisPhD.Hislecturesattractedmanygreatscientistsofthetime,includingAlbertEinstein.AtPrinceton,Feynmanbeganhismostfamouswork:hisworkonnuclearweapons.Hemovedtoalabandnotallofhisworktherehasbeenreleasedtothepublic,butweknowheperformedexperimentsrelatedtouranium.Afterthewar,FeynmantaughtatCornellUniversity,wherehecontinuedhisstudies.HewasalsoawardedtheNobclPrizeforhisworkinparticlephysics.Then,in1978,Fcynmandevelopedcanceranddiedayearlater.ThoughFeynmanandhisworkarehonoredbyphysicistsacrosstheworld,hispersonalqualitiesandskillsarewhatreallymakehimunique.Facedwithallthechallenges,henevergaveup,doingworkthatheloveduntilthedayhedied.5. WhatdoweknowaboutRichardPhillipsFeynmanfromthetext?A. YoungFeynmanshowedhistalentineveryfield.B. FcynmanwontheNobelPrizeafterthewarended.C. YoungFeynmanenjoyedmanaginghouseholdalot.D. Feynmanwasdiagnosedwithcancel'anddiedattheageof60.6. WhywasFeynmanadmittedbyPrinceton?A. BecausehewasaJewish.B. BecausehegraduatedfromMIT.C. Becausehewasverygiftedinmathandscience.D. Becausehislectureattractedmanygreatscientists.7. WhichwordscanbestdescribeRichardPhillipsFeynman?A.Selflessandfriendly.8. Talentedandstubborn.C.Intelligentanddevoted.D.Strong-willedandhumorous.8. Whatmaybethebesttitleofthetext?A.RichardPhillipsFeynman,sUnusualQualitiesB. RichardPhillipsFeynman-ARespectedScientistC. ATouchingStoryAboutRichardPhillipsFeynmanD. TheInfluenceofRichardPhillipsFeynmanCTenyearsafterintroducing“GoogleGlassw,AlphabetInc.hascreatedanewkindofsmarteyeglasses.Thecompanysaysthewearablecomputerdevicecantranslatedifferentlanguagesinrealtime.Aworkingmodeloftheyet-unnameddevicewaspresentedtothepublicthisweekduringtheyearlyGoogleI/Odeveloperconference.Googledidnotsaywhentheglassesmightgoonsaletothepublic.ThefirstGoogleGlassdeviceincludedawearablecamerathatcouldfilmwhatthewearerssaw.Thatcausedwidespreadprivacyconcerns.ThecameraelementalsogaveGoogleGlassakindofscience-fictionlook.Thelatestdevicelooksmoresimilartotraditionalglasses.Abriefdemonstrationoftheneweyeglassesdescribeditstranslationability,butdidnotprovideadditionaldetails.Thecompanyalsodidnotsaywhetherthenewdevicewouldbeequippedwithacamera.Ademonstrationexplainedthataperson,wearingtheglassesandtalkingwithsomeonewhospeaksadifferentlanguage,canseethespokenwordsintheirownlanguage.ThedescriptionshowedtranslationsinvolvingEnglish,Mandarin,SpanishandAmericanSignLanguage.Thenewdeviceisoneofseveralproductssharedattheconferencethatarecurrentlyindevelopment.ThecompanysaystheproductsaimtobetterconnectGoogleserviceswithactivitieshappeningintherealworld.Thisincludescompanyofferingsforsearchingandviewingmapsaswellasotherservicesusingthelatestdevelopmentsinartificialintelligence.EddieChung,adirectorofproductmanagementatGoogle,spoketodevelopersabouttheneweyeglasses.wWhatwe'reworkingonistechnologythatenablesUStobreakdownlanguagebarriers,takingyearsofresearchinGoogleTranslateandbringingthattoglasses,hesaid.9. Whatcanwelearnaboutthesmarteyeglasses?A. Theyhaveakindofscience-fictionlook.B. TheycantranslatesomelanguagesintooralEnglish.C.Theywillbeequippedwithacamera.D.Theycanhelpcertainpeopleremovelanguagebarriers.10. What,sthepurposeofthistext?A.Toshareawearablecomputerdeviceonsale.B. Toadvertisethesmarteyeglassesforsale.C. Tointroduceanewproductindevelopment.D. ToshowthedevelopmentofGoogleGlassDevice.11. Whoarethesmarteyeglassesmostlikelyintendedfor?A. Deafmenatinternationalconferences.B. Ereadersreadingforeignoriginalworks.C. JapanesetalkingwithFrenchmen.D. Travellerssearchingandviewingmapsabroad.12. What,sEddieChung,sattitudetowardstheneweyeglasses?A.Concerned.B.Doubtful.C.Disapproving.D.Positive.参考答案I.1.batteries2.stuff3.desire4.shot5.presspass7.flexible8.capableII.1.pressure2.capability3.reality4.flexibility5.advances6.in7.to8.to9.in10.ofIII.1.Wherewasitthat2.Withsomanythingstodo3.ItispossibleforMiketofinish4.aretallerthan5.intermsofmoneyIV.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了ArUI发明灭火器的原因、灭火器的优势及他为火灾预防与控制做出的贡献。1. A词义猜测题。本句中的"which"指代"almost7,500,000acresofwildfiresinCaliforniaalone,0根据常识,火会摧毁建筑。故选A项。2. B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“FACEhasamixtureofwaterandanenvironmentally-friendlyfireretardant,可知B项正确，故选B项。3. C细节理解题。根据最后一段中的"Arulisnowplanningtodeveloplargerunitsforspecificuseinforestapplications.,可知ArUl正计划开发可供森林专门使用的更大的设备。故选C项。4. D推理判断题。根据文章可知,Arul听说并亲历火灾后,为了帮助人们控制火灾,保护家园，年仅17岁的他就发明了FACE灭火器,该灭火器有很多优势。由此可以看出,Arul很聪明。此外,他还努力提高人们的火灾安全与预防意识,为防火做出了贡献。故选D项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一位备受尊敬的科学家RiChardPhillipsFeynman,介绍了他的个人经历以及取得的成就。5. B细节理解题。根据第四段中“Afterthewar,FeynmantaughtatCornellUniversity,wherehecontinuedhisstudies.HewasalsoawardedtheNobelPrizeforhisworkinparticlephysics.,可知,Fcynman是在战后获得诺贝尔奖的»6. C细节理解题。根据第三段中“Despitethefactthathisgradesinscienceandmathwere4thebestthatwe,veseen,可知，Fcynman被普林斯顿录取是因为他在数学和科学方面很有天赋。7. C推理判断题。根据第二段以及第三段内容可知,Fcynman很聪明；结合第四、五段可看出Feynman从普林斯顿大学读博到之后工作都致力于研究物理、教授物理。由此可知,Fcynman聪明且专注。8. B主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知,作者描述了物理科学家FCynman的成长过程以及伟大成就,在最后一段点出Feynman的成就举世瞩目，被全球物理学家所敬重。由此可知,B项最符合文章标题。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了AlPhabetlnC.公司研发的可实时翻译的智能眼镜。9. D细节理解题。根据第一段“Tenyearsafterintroducing*GoogleGlass,.cantranslatedifferentlanguagesinrealtime.,以及第四段中wwearingtheglassesandtalkingwithsomeonewhospeaksadifferentlanguage,canseethespokenwordsintheirownlanguage"可知，穿戴这种眼镜可以实时翻译不同的语言。由此可知,它能够帮助一些人消除语言障碍。故选D项。10. C推理判断题。根据第一段“Tenyearsafterintroducing4GoogleGlass,.cantranslatedifferentlanguagesinrealtime.,第二段中wGoogledidnotsaywhentheglassesmightgoonsaletothepublic.,以及第五段中“Thenewdeviceisoneofseveralproductssharedattheconferencethatarecurrentlyindevelopment.“可知本文的目的是向读者介绍一个正在开发中的新产品。故选C项。11. A推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中"Ademonstrationexplainedthataperson,wearingtheglasses.Mandarin,SpanishandAmericanSignLanguage.”和倒数第二段的“Thenewdeviceisoneofseveralproductssharedattheconferencethatarecurrentlyindevelopment.,可知，该款眼镜展示了英语、普通话、西班牙语和美国手语的翻译，而且是用于会议的一种产品。所以其很可能是为参加国际会议的失聪的人设计的。故选A项。12. D推理判断题。根据最后一段EddieChUng说的话“Whatwe,reworkingonistechnologythat.bringingthattoglasses,可知,他认为智能眼镜是打破语言障碍的技术，故他对新型眼镜持积极的态度。故选D项。