2023-2024学年外研版（2019）必修第三册Unit4Amazing art 易混易错点辨析 学案（有答案）.docx

【名师原创:Unit4易混易错点辨析celebrate；congratulate【教材原句】Herheadandarmsaremissing,butyoucanimagineherholdingherarmsuphigh,celebratingtheresultofanancientbattle.（教材P38）【辨析】两者都有“庆祝”的意思，但含义各有侧重，用法有区别。celebrate意思是“庆祝;庆贺;主持宗教仪式（尤指圣餐）；赞美；颂扬；歌颂常用来庆祝节日，生日（诞辰），典礼，周年，重大节点，纪念日，胜利等，其名词为celebration.CollgratilIate意思是“向（某人）道贺；祝贺；（为成就或成功）感到高兴，感到自豪，赞扬，表扬“，常用来祝贺成就，成绩，成功，进步或成长等，名词为congratulation,常构成以下词组：congratulatesb.onsth./doingsth.在某方面祝贺某人；congratulateoneselfonsth./doingsth.为某人自己在某方面感到自豪；congratulationsonsth./doingsth.祝贺某事。【例句呈现】ThecollegecelebrateditsSilverjubileelastyear.这所学院去年举行了建院25周年庆祝活动。TheycelebratedtheirsilverweddinginMay.他们于五月份庆祝了银婚纪念日。Wewentouttoarestauranttocelebrate.我们到一家饭店里庆祝了一番。Theclubwillcelebrateitscentenarynextyea俱乐部明年要庆祝成立一百周年。Howdidyoucelebratethemillennium?你们是如何欢庆千禧年的？Thegroupcelebratedtheregime'srisetopowerin1979.这个集团庆祝该政府于1979年上台执政。HecelebratedthearrivaloftheNewYearwithapartyforhisfriends.他为朋友们举行了一个聚会，庆祝新年的到来。Icongratulatedthemallontheirresults.我为他们取得的成就向他们所有人表示祝贺。Theauthorsaretobecongratulatedonproducingsuchaclearandauthoritativework.向创作出这样一部具有权威性又清晰易懂的作品的作者们祝贺。Youcancongratulateyourselfonhavingdoneanexcellentjob.你应该为你出色的工作感到自豪。Ireallymustcongratulatetheorganizersforawellrunandenjoyableevent活动安排得有条不紊，充满乐趣，我必须要称赞一下组织者。Wespecificallywantedtocongratulatecertainplayers.我们特别想表扬几名选手。Shecouldnotbutcongratulatehim.她只能祝贺他。Hewasgenerousenoughtocongratulatehissuccessoronhisdecision.他十分大度地祝贺他的继任者做出了决定。【考点过关】根据celebrate和congratulate的适当形式填空1. Shehimonthebirthofhisson2. Myparents30yearsofmarriagenow.3. Overtheseyears,journaliststhemselvesontherolethepresshasplayedintheinvestigations.4. Shealwaysherbirthdayinstyle.5. Justnow,wehimuponhisattainmenttosogreatanage.6. ThecoupletheirgoldenweddinginJanuary.7. WehimonhisbeingadmittedtothePartyyesterday.8. Scottishchampsshouldvictory!8.1 himonhavingpassedtheexaminationlastweek.10. HereturnedhomeeachyearChristmasandNewYearwithhisfamily.11. 1.etmeyouonyourwinningfirstplaceinthe100meterdash.12. Theservicewasaofhislife.13. “Weyoubeforehandonyoursuccess.14. TheVietnamesegovernmenthasfixedonMay19thhisanniversary.15. Wethemonwhattheyhadachieved.16. Hertriumphwasacausefor.17. “!”hesaid,slappingmeontheback.【参考答案】1.congratulated;2.arecelebrating;3.havebeencongratulating;4.celebrates;5.congratulated;6.celebrated;7.congratulated;8.celebrate;9.congratulated;10.tocelebrate;11.congratulate;12.celebration;13.congratulate;14.tocelebrate;15.congratulated;16.celebration;17.Congratulationsreason;cause【教材原句】Choosethreetagsthatbestdescribethemainideaofthepassageandgivereasonsforyourchoices.（教材P40）【辨析】两者都有“原因”的意思，但用法有一定的区别。reason多指做某事的“理由或借口”，常用在reasonfor和reasonwhy结构中。cause侧重指导致某事发生的起因，即造成一种事实或现象的原因，常用在CaUSeof.结构中。【例句呈现】ThatisthereasonwhyIdon,tlikeit.那就是我不喜欢它的原因。Heisabletoexplainthereasonbecausehewaspresentatthattime.他当时在场，所以他能解释原因。Wehavereasontobelievethathewasmurdered.我们有理由相信他是被谋杀的。Weshallinnowayletreasonbedefeatedbyimpulse.我们决不能让冲动战胜理智。Carsareoneoftheleadingcausesofairpollutionintheworldtoday.汽车是当今世界空气污染的主要原因之一。Moneyisthoughttobetherootcauseofallevils.钱被认为是万恶之源。BreastcanceristheleadingcauseofdeathforAmericanwomenintheirforties.乳腺癌是导致四十几岁的美国妇女死亡的主要原因。Shegavenoreasonsforherdecision.她没有解释自己为什么做出这个决定。We,dliketoknowthereasonwhyshedidn'tacceptthejob.我们想知道为什么她拒绝了这份工作。Policeareinvestigatingthecausesoftheexplosion.警方正在调查爆炸的原因。Youhavenocauseforcomplaint.你没有理由抱怨。Smokingisthebiggestpreventablecauseofdeathanddisease.吸烟是造成不必要疾病和死亡的最大原因。Hisassessmentofthesituationisbasedonsheeremotion,notreason.他对形势的评估完全是感情用事,而不是建立在理性基础上的。【考点过关】用reason或cause填空1. Theofthefireisnotyetknown.2. dliketoknowthewhyyou'resolate.3. Unemploymentisam句Orofpoverty.4. Wearen'tgoingforthesimplethatwecan,taffordit.1.1 havenoparticularfordoubtinghim.6. Faultywiringisthemajorofhousefires.7. GivemeonegoodwhyIshouldhelpyou.8. Hewastheunknowingofallthemisunderstanding.9. Forsomeweallhavetocomeinearlytomorrow.10. Theimmediateofdeathisunknown.【参考答案】1.cause;2.reason;3.cause;4.reason;5.reason;6.cause;7.reason;8.cause;9.reason;10.causemanagetodosth.;attempttodosth.【教材原句】Withhelpfromtheartist,Imanagedtomakeoneintheshapeofafish.（教材P42）【辨析】两个词组都可表示“设法做''之意，均可接动词不定式作宾语。但表示的含义有区别。attempttodoSth.“努力/试图/设法做某事”，但未必一定会能成功，只强调努力的过程，对其结果无限制，所做之事不一定有困难，相当于try/doone'sbesttodoSth或trytodosth.是比较正式的书面用语（try用法更普遍，更口语化）。managetodosth."设法做成某事”,强调所做事情的结果，相当于succeedindoingsth.或besuccessfulindoingsth.【例句呈现】Iamattemptingtofinishmyhomework.我正努力完成我的家庭作业。Iattemptnottoconvincemyselfthatshedoesn'tlovemeanymore.我尽量不让自己相信她不再爱我了。Hedidn,tattempttodoit.他不肯努力去干pleaseattempttofinishthisworkinthirtyminutes.请尽量在30分钟完成这项工作。Imanagedtogetincontactwiththelady,who,sinchargeofthisprojectinthecompany.我成功地同那家公司负责这个项目的女士取得了联系。Hemanagedtosaveherintime.他设法及时挽救了她.Heattemptedtoopentheboxwithaknife.他试图用刀子打开箱子。Timegiventousdefineshowlongwewillstaywithourfamilies,howmanygoodthingswewillmanagetodo,andhowmuchinterestingthingswewillseeandleam.时间决定了我们能与家人厮守多久，我们能完成多少美妙的事情，以及我们能看到听到多少有趣的事情。Itshouldbepossibleformostpeopletomanagetodoit.大多数人应该都能做到。【考点过关】用manage,try或其适当形式填空1. Hetoclimbthetree,buthecouldnot.2. Ifyoudon,ttodoeverything,itdoesn'tmatter.Moveanyincompletetasksfromtodayontotomorrow'slist.1. 1seewhatyoumean,butifyoutodoit,youwon,tregret.4. Fantastic!HodoesBeijingMunicipalGovernmenttodoit?5. Howdidyoutodoitwithouthelp?6. Howonearthdidtheytodothat?7. Ifyoucantodoallthree,you'llraiseyourintelligencebyleapsandbounds.8. Howdoyoutodosuchathing?8.1 feelthesameway.Butifweinsistonspeaking,wecantodoit.10.Althoughyoumayfail,whenyoustarttoraceforanewteam,youtobesuccessfulassoonaspossible.【参考答案】1.attempted;2.manage;3.attempt;4.manage;5.manage;6.manage;7.manage;8.manage;9.manage;10.attemptargue;debate;discuss;quarrel【教材原句】Whilesomesaycontemporaryartlacksskill,meaningandartisticvalue,othersarguethatitsworthliesinitsabilitytostimulatenewdiscussionsandunderstandingofeverydayobjects.（教材P43）【辨析】四个词都有“辩论，争论，说理''之意。但各有侧重。debate往往侧重指意见等对立的双方之间正式或公开的争辩，既可以作名词也可以作动词。argue表示提出理由或证据为自己或自己一方的看法或立场辩护，着重说理、论证和企图说服。discuss表示就某一或某些问题表明观点、看法等，以便统一认识，解决问题，最常用词。quarrel表示两人之间或两个团体之间不友好的、大声争论某事，重点是“吵嘴、吵架”，既可以作名词也可以作动词。【例句呈现】Hiscommentsareboundtoaddfueltothedebate.他的话必将为争论推波助澜。Afull-scaledebateisunderwayonwhatailstheindustry.关于工业为何陷入困境正在展开一场全面的讨论。ThesenatorarguedwiththePresidentaboutthenewtaxbill.参议员和新总统为新税法案争辩了。Onecouldarguethatsmoking,byitsverynature,isaddictive.有人可能认为抽烟从本质上说就具有成瘾性。TheyarguethatonlyprivatecapitalistscanremakePoland'seconomy.他们认为，只有私人资本家才能重振波兰经济。ThePolitburohasbeenmeetinginPekingtodiscussthesituation.政治局已在北京召开会议讨论形势。SeniorpoliticiansmettodaytodiscussthefutureofEuropeaneconomicunity.高级政要今天会晤，探讨欧洲经济一体化的未来。Themagazine'saimistodiscusstopicalissueswithinaChristianframework.该杂志的宗旨是在基督教框架下讨论时下的热门话题。Theycouldquarrelquitelegitimatelywithsomeofmychoices.他们大有理由不同意我的一些选择。Themonarchistsareasmallfringegroupwhoquarrelfiercelyamongthemselves.君主主义者是一个内部争吵激烈的非主流的小团体。【考点过关】翻译下列句子1 .这个医生论述了治疗癌症的不同方法。2 .针对他是否能胜任最高职务展开了争论。3 .这件事可能是在他们为娜奥米争吵的过程中发生的。4 .有一些人认为真正独立的意见是不存在的。【参考答案】1. Thedoctordiscusseddifferentapproachestothetreatmentofcancer.2. Thereisadebateabout/overhisfitnessforthehighestoffice.3. Itcouldhavehappenedduringaquarrelbetweenthemabout/overNaomi.4. Therearethosewhoarguethattrueindependentadviceisunattainable.recommend;suggest【教材原句】WangWeidecidedtosponsortheyoungmantostudypaintingandrecommendedhimtoamaster.(教材P44)【辨析】两者都有“建议，提议''的意思，但有一定区别。recommend意思是“劝告；建议；推荐，介绍”，常构成以下结构：recommendsb.todosth.建议/推荐/介绍某人做某事©recommenddoingsth.建议做某事recommendsb.sth.=recommendsth.tosb.向某人推荐某物/某事©recommendsb.for/assb./sth.推荐/介绍/建议某人做/当recommend+thatsb.(should)+dosth.=advise+thatsb.(should)+dosth.SUggeSt意思是“建议，提议；推荐，举荐；暗示，表明”，常构成以下机构：SUggeStsb.(sb,s)doingsth.建议某人做某事=advisesb.todosth.©suggeststh./doingsth.提议某事/建议或提议做某事=advise+sth./doingsth.©suggest+thatsb.(should)+dosth.=advise+thatsb.(should)+dosth.建议某人做某事，should可以省略。©suggesttosb.that提议/建议某人某事；向某人建议/提议Itissuggestedthat.=Itisadvisedthat有人建议/提议温馨提示：SUggeSt作“暗示，表明”讲时，后面的宾语从句的谓语动词不用虚拟语气(ShoUkldosth.),而要根据情况用不同的时态。【例句呈现】Canyourecommendmesomenewbooksonthissubject?你能推荐一些有关这个学科的新书给我吗？Ishouldrecommenditasausefulreferencebook.我愿意推荐它作为一本有用的参考书。Irecommendyoutobuythisdictionaryandthattape.我建议你买这本字典和那盒磁带。Irecommendthatyouinquireaboutthejob.我建议你打听一下这项工作。Howdoyourecommendthemtodobeforegoingabroad?你对即将出国的人们有何劝告？。Behaviorofthatsortwillnotrecommendyou.那样的行为不会使别人对你有好感。Hisproposalhasmuchtorecommendit.他的建议有不少可取之处。Thesmileonhisfaceseemedtosuggestthathewashappytohavelosthislifeforhiscountry.他脸上的笑容似乎暗示出他很高兴为自己的祖国献出了生命。Hesuggestedtothecommitteethattheyshoulddelaymakingadecision.他向委员会建议推迟决定时间。Isuggestyoutaketheformsawayandreadthematyourleisure.我建议你把表格带回去有空慢慢看。Herevidencesuggestsadifferentinterpretationoftheevents.她的证据显示这些事件可能有另外一种解释。Ithasbeensuggestedthatbrightchildrenshouldtaketheirexamsearly.有人提议天资好的孩子提前考试。Isuggestedgoinginmycar.我提议坐我的车去。IsuggestWegoouttoeat.我提议我们出去吃吧。【考点过关】1. Herpalefacesuggestedthatshe(be)seriouslyill,andherparentssuggestedthatshe(go)toseethedoctor.2. Now,Ithebooktoallmystudents.1.1 (that)heshouldseealawyer.4. We,dyoutobookyourflightearly.5. Hispalefacesuggeststhathe(be)illnow.5.1 thestudentstobeonthelookoutfortheidioms.7.1beingonthelookoutforidioms.1.1 recommendedthatthereaderbeonthelookoutforidioms.9. Thejudgerecommendedthatheserve20yearsinprison.10. Westronglyreportingtheincidenttothepolice.【参考答案】1. was,(should)go;2.recommend;3.recommend/suggest;4.recommend;5.is;6.recommend;7.recommend/suggest;8.(should)be;9.(should)serve;10.suggest/recommendtherestof.；plentyof.【教材原句】Thehorses,whetherrestingoronthemove,offeredhimplentyofinspiration.(教材P45)【辨析】两者意思不同，用法不同。therestof.意思是“其余的，剩下的“，可以修饰人和物。作主语时，谓语动词的单复数根据of后边的名词或代词来确定，如果of后面是复数可数名词或复数代词，谓语动词用复数；如果Of后面是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。有时可以根据上下文，把theresof.中的of.部分省去。PleIltyOf意思是“充足的，足够的，大量的“，可修试饰人和物，意思和用法与alotof.lotsof.三),作主语时，谓语动词的单复数根据Of后面的名词来确定，Of后面是不可数名词时，谓语用单数，Of后面是复数名词或代词时，谓语动词用复数。温馨提示：Plentyof前面不能加冠词,plenty也不用复数形式，一般用在肯定句中。inplenty大量，充足，富足。【例句呈现】Hewastoregretthatdecisionfortherestofhislife.他终生都将后悔做出了那一决定。Jackdivideduptherestofthecash.杰克把余下的现金分了。Thesefindingsarealoddswithwhatisgoingonintherestofthecountry.这些研究结果与国内其他地区的实际情况并不相符。Therestofthemenhadthedayoff其他人这天没上班。Theywerescientificallyandtechnologicallygreatlyinadvanceoftherestoftheworld.它们在科学技术上大大超过了世界其它国家。Therestoftheroomwasneatandimpersonal.房间的其余部分整洁干净，没有个人色彩。It'sacitywithfinebuildingsandplentyofopenspace.这座城市既有漂亮的建筑又有开阔的空地。There'sstillplentyofscopeforimprovement.还有很大的改进余地。manxiousthatWeshouldallowplentyoftime.我殷切希望我们能留出充裕的时间。Thereshouldbeplentyof,timetogoshoppingbeforeweleaveNewYork.我们离开纽约前还应该有充足的时间去逛商店。Thereareplentyofwaysyoucancutcostsonyourtripwithoutslumming.在旅行中，有许多办法既可以减少开销又不至于显得寒酸。Somepeopleliveinplenty,whileothershaven,tenoughtoeat.一些人过着丰衣足食的生活，而另一些人却吃不饱。【考点过关】根据therestof.和plenty的用法填空1. Plentyofpeople(wait)forrescueintheearthquakestrickenareainSichuanatthattime.2. Thereare30studentsinourclass;15ofusareboys,andtherestofus(be)boys.3. Somebooksareintheclassroom,buttherestofthem(be)inthelibrary.4. Theyboughtmuchmild.Somewassenttoanoldwoman,andtherestofit(give)tothoseboysinthevillage.5. Onethirdoftheboysaredoinghomework,buttherestofthem(watch)TV.6. Someclothesarestilltherenow,buttherestofthem(steal)yesterday.7. Twothirdsofthestudentswillgohomeduringthesummervacationandtherest(be)goingtotravel.8. Mostwaterwassenttowashthecarandtherest(use)todrink.9. Somepersonsareplantingtrees,andtherest(water)them.11. 1drankonlyalittleofthewine,andtherest(drink)byhim.12. 1.ook,therestoftheeggs(go)bad.13. Therewasfoodanddrinkplenty.14. There(be)plentyofrestaurantstochoosefromnow.15. Helivedplentyduringtherestofhisdays.16. There(be)plentyofwaterintheriverinthepast.【参考答案】1.werewaiting;2.are;3.are;4.wasgiven;5.arewatching;6.werestolen;7.are;8.wasused;9.arewatering;10.wasdrunk;11.hasgone;12.in;13.are;14.In;15.was