【中英文对照版】个人贷款管理办法.docx

个人贷款管理办法MeasuresfortheAdministrationofPersonalLoans制定机关：国家金淞监督管理总局发文字号：国家金融监督管理总局令2024年第3号公布日期：2024.02.02施行日期：2024.07.01效力位阶：部门规章法规类别：贷款IssuingAuthority：NationalAdministrationofFinancialRegulationDocumentNumber：No.32024oftheStateAdministrationforFinanceRegulationDateIssued：02-02-2024EffectiveDate：07-01-20241.evelofAuthority：DepartmentalRulesAreaofLaw:Loan个人贷款管理办法MeasuresfortheAdministrationofPersonalLoans（2024年2月2日国家金融监督 管理总局令2024年第3号公布 自2024年7月1日起施行）(IssuedbyOrderNo.32024oftheStateAdministrationforFinanceRegulationonFebruary2,2024andshallcomeintoforceonJuly1,2024)第一章总则ChapterIGeneralProvisions第一条为规范银行业金融 机构个人贷款业务行为，加强个 人贷款业务审慎经营管理，促进 个人贷款业务健康发展，依据 中华人民共和国银行业监督管 理法中华人民共和国商业银 行法等法律法规，制定本办 法。Article1Forthepurposesofregulatingthepersonalloanbusinessofbankingfinancialinstitutions,strengtheningtheprudentialbusinessoperationandmanagementofthepersonalloanbusinessandpromotingthesounddevelopmentofthepersonalloanbusiness,theseMeasuresaredevelopedaccordingtotheBankingSupervisionLawofthePeople,sRepublicofChina,theLawofthePeople,sRepublicofChinaonCommercialBanksandotherrelevantlawsandregulations.Article2ForthepurposesoftheseMeasures,ubankingfinancialinstitutions(hereinafterreferredtoasulenders)refertocommercialbanks,ruralcooperativebanks,ruralcreditcooperativesandotherfinancialinstitutionstakingpublicdepositsformedintheterritoryofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.Article3ForthepurposesoftheseMeasures,theterm“personalloan,*referstoaloanindomesticandforeigncurrenciesgrantedbyalendertoanaturalpersonwhomeetstheprescribedconditionsforpersonalconsumptions,productionbusinessoperation,andotherpurposes.Article4Alendershallcarryoutpersonalloanbusinessundertheprinciplesoflegitimacy,compliance,prudentialoperation,equality,freewill,fairnessandgoodfaith.Article5Alendershallestablishaneffectivecontrolsystemcoveringthewholeprocessofthepersonalloanbusiness,developloanmanagementrulesandoperatinginstructionsforeachloantype,specifycorrespondingborrowersandscope,implementdifferentiatedriskmanagement,andestablishassessmentandaccountabilitysystemsforeachoperationlink.Article6Alendershallestablisharisklimitmanagementsystemforpersonalloansaccordingtotheactualriskmanagementneeds.第二条本办法所称银行业 金融机构（以下简称贷款人）， 是指在中华人民共和国境内设立 的商业银行、农村合作银行、农 村产用合作社等吸收公众存款的 金融机构。第三条本办法所称个人贷 款，是指贷款人向符合条件的自 然人发放的用于个人消费、生产 经营等用途的本外币贷款。第四条贷款人开展个人贷 款业务，应当遵循依法合规、审 慎经营、平等自愿、公平诚信的 原则。第五条贷款人应建立有效 的个人贷款全流程管理机制，制 订贷款管理制度及每一贷款品种 的操作规程，明确相应贷款对象 和范围，实施差别风险管理，建 立贷款各操作环节的考核和问责 机制。第六条贷款人应根据风险 管理实际需要，建立个人贷款风 险限额管理制度。第七条 个人贷款用途应符 合法律法规规定和国家有关政 策，贷款人不得发放无指定用途Article7Thepurposesofpersonalloansshallcomplywiththeprovisionsoftherelevantlawsandregulationsandtherelevantpoliciesofthestate,andalendershallnotgrantanypersonalloanwithoutdesignatedpurposes.Alendershallstrengthenthepaymentmanagementofloanfundsandtakeeffectivemeasurestopreventrisksinthepersonalloanbusiness.Article8Thetermofapersonalloanshallcomplywiththerelevantrulesofthestate.Thetermofaloanforpersonalconsumptionshallnotexceedfiveyears;andthetermofaloanforproductionandbusinessoperationshallgenerallynotexceedfiveyears,andforaloanwithrelativelylongrecoverycycleofoperatingcashflowcorrespondingtothepurposeoftheloan,theloantermmaybeappropriatelyextended,forupto10years.Article9Theinterestrateofpersonalloansshallfollowthemarket-orientedprincipleofinterestrateandbedeterminedbythelenderandtheborrowerthroughconsultationincompliancewiththerelevantrulesofthestate.Article10Alendershallestablishareasonableincomeanddebtrepaymentratiocontrolmechanismandreasonablydeterminetheamountandtermofaloaninconsiderationoftheborrower'sincome,debt,expenditure,purposesofloan,guaranteestatusandotherfactors,andmakesurethattherepaymentmadebytheborrowerineachinstallmentiswithinhisabilitytorepaytheloan.的个人贷款。贷款人应加强贷款资金支付管 理，有效防范个人贷款业务风 险。第八条个人贷款的期限应 符合国家相关规定。用于个人消 费的贷款期限不得超过五年；用 于生产经营的贷款期限一般不超 过五年，对于贷款用途对应的经 营现金流回收周期较长的，可适 当延长贷款期限，最长不超过十 年。第九条个人贷款利率应当 遵循利率市场化原则，由借贷双 方在遵守国家有关规定的前提下 协商确定。第十条 贷款人应建立借款 人合理的收入偿债比例控制机 制，结合借款人收入、负债、支 出、贷款用途、担保情况等因 素，合理确定贷款金额和期限， 控制借款人每期还款额不超过其 还款能力。第十一条国家金融监督管 理总局及其派出机构依法对个人 贷款业务实施监督管理。Article11TheStateAdministrationforFinanceRegulationanditslocalofficesshallimplementsupervisionandadministrationofthepersonalloanbusinessaccordingtothelaw.Chapter 11 AcceptanceandInvestigationChapter 12 Anapplicationforapersonalloanshallmeetthefollowingconditions:(1) TheborrowerisacitizenofthePeople,sRepublicofChinawhohasfullcapacityforcivilconductoraforeignnaturalpersonwhocomplieswiththerelevantrulesofthestate.(2) Thepurposesoftheloanareclearandlegal.(3) Theamount,termandcurrencyoftheloanasindicatedintheapplicationarereasonable.(4) Theborroweriswillingandabletomakerepayment.(5) Theborrowerhasasoundcreditstanding.(6) Otherconditionsassetforthbythelender.Article 13 Alendershallrequestaborrowertofileanapplicationforpersonalloaninwritingandproviderelevantmaterialswhichmayprovethathemeetstheconditionsforloan.第二章受理与调查第十二条 个人贷款申请应 具备以下条件：（一）借款人为具有完全民事行 为能力的中华人民共和国公民或 符合国家有关规定的境外自然 人；（二）借款用途明确合法;（三）贷款申请数额、期限和币 种合理；（四）借款人具备还款意愿和还 款能力；（五）借款人信用状况良好;（六）贷款人要求的其他条件。第十三条贷款人应要求借 款人以书面形式提出个人贷款申 请，并要求借款人提供能够证明 其符合贷款条件的相关资料。第十四条贷款人受理借款 人贷款申请后，应履行尽职调查 职责，对个人贷款申请内容和相 关情况的真实性、准确性、完整 性进行调查核实，形成调查评价 意见。Article 14 Afteracceptingaborrower'sloanapplication,alendershallperformthedutiesofduediligenceinvestigation,investigateandverifytheauthenticity,accuracyandintegrityofthecontentsandotherrelevantmattersoftheapplicationforpersonalloanandthenforminvestigationopinions.Article 15 1.oaninvestigationshallcover,butnotbelimitedto,thefollowing:(1) Thebasicinformationontheborrower.(2) Theborrower'sincome.(3) Foraloantobeusedforproductionandbusinessoperation,thebusinessconditionsoftheborrowershallalsobeinvestigated.(4) Theborrower'ssourceoffunds,abilityforrepayment,andmodeofrepayment.Article 16 Theguarantor'swillandguaranteecapacityorownershipofcollateral(mortgage),valueandcashability.Article 17 1.oaninvestigationshallbecarriedoutintheformofcombiningon-sitefieldinvestigationandoff-siteindirectinvestigation,byadoptingon-siteverification,telephoneinquiry,informationconsultationandotherdigitalelectronicinvestigationandotherwaysandmethods.第十五条贷款调查包括但 不限于以下内容：（一）借款人基本情况;（二）借款人收入情况;（三）借款用途，用于生产经营 的还应调查借款人经营情况；（四）借款人还款来源、还款能 力及还款方式；（五）保证人担保意愿、担保能 力或抵（质）押物权属、价值及 变现能力。第十六条贷款调查应以现 场实地调查与非现场间接调查相 结合的形式开展，采取现场核 实、电话查问、信息咨询以及其 他数字化电子调查等途径和方 法。对于金额不超过二十万元人民币 的贷款，贷款人通过非现场间接 调查手段可有效核实相关信息真 实性，并可据此对借款人作出风 险评价的，可简化或不再进行现 场实地调查（不含用于个人住房 用途的贷款）。Forloanswithanamountnotmorethan200,000yuan,wherealendermayeffectivelyverifytheauthenticityofrelevantinformationbyoff-siteindirectinvestigation,andmaymakeariskassessmentoftheborrowerbasedonit,on-sitefieldinvestigationmaybesimplifiedornolongerbeconducted(excludingpersonalhousingloans).Article 18 Alendershallestablishandimprovetheloaninvestigationmechanism,specifythewaysandmeansofinvestigationintovariousmatters,andensuretheauthenticityandeffectivenessoftheloaninvestigation.Wherealenderentrustssomespecificmattersintheloaninvestigationtoathirdpartyforhandlingonacommissionbasis,thelegitimaterightsandinterestsoftheborrowershallnotbeharmed,andtherelevantrisksshallbeensuredtobecontrollable.Alendershallspecifythequalificationsofthethirdparty,establishalistmanagementsystem,andreviewandupdatethelistonaregularbasis.第十七条贷款人应建立健 全贷款调查机制，明确对各类事 项调查的途径和方式方法，确保 贷款调查的真实性和有效性。贷款人将贷款调查中的部分特定 事项委托第三方代为办理的，不 得损害借款人合法权益，并确保 相关风险可控。贷款人应明确第 三方的资质条件，建立名单制管 理制度，并定期对名单进行审查 更新。贷款人不得将贷款调查中涉及借 款人真实意思表示、收入水平、 债务情况、自有资金来源及外部 评估机构准入等风险控制的核心 事项委托第三方完成。Alendershallnotentrustthecoremattersofriskcontrolintheloaninvestigationinvolvingaborrower'strueintention,incomelevel,debtsituation,sourceofitsownfundsandaccesstoexternalevaluationinstitutionstoathirdparty.Article 19 Alendershallestablishimplementtheinterviewsystemforloans.and第十八条贷款人应建立并执行贷款面谈制度。贷款人可根据业务需要通过视频 形式与借款人面谈（不含用于个 人住房用途的贷款）。视频面谈 应当在贷款人自有平台上进行， 记录并保存影像。贷款人应当采 取有效措施确定并核实借款人真 实身份及所涉及信息真实性。第三章风险评价与审批Alendermayinterviewwithaborrowerbyvideoaccordingtobusinessneeds(excludingpersonalhousingloans).Avideointerviewshallbeconductedonalender,sownplatform,andthevideoshallberecordedandsaved.Alendershalltakeeffectivemeasurestodetermineandverifythetrueidentityofaborrowerandtheauthenticityoftheinformationinvolved.ChapterIIIRiskEvaluationandExaminationandApprovalArticle19Alendershallcomprehensivelyexaminethelegality,rationalityandaccuracyoftheloaninvestigationcontentsbyplacingemphasisontheinvestigator'sfu用Ilmentofduties,andtheborrower'ssolvency,creditstatus,guaranteestatus,rateofcollateral(mortgage),riskdegree,etc.Article20Alendershallestablishandimprovetheriskevaluationmechanism,andspecifytheresponsibledepartmentsandpositionsforriskevaluation.Inaloanriskassessment,theborrower'screditstatusandsolvencyshallbecomprehensivelyanalyzed,andattentionshallbepaidtotheincomeandexpenditure,debtrepayment,etc.Forfundstobeusedforproductionandbusinessoperation,theborrower'sbusinessoperationandrisksituationshallbeanalyzed,quantitativeandqualitativeanalysismethodsshallbeadopted,andcomprehensive,dynamicandprudentloanriskassessmentshallbeconducted.Forloansprovidingguarantee,alendershallnotdeterminetheamountandtermofloansandotherfactorsdirectlythroughguarantee,underthepremiseofcomprehensivelyassessingthesolvencyofaborrower.Alendershallestablishandimproveacreditriskassessmentsystemforborrowers,payattentiontoborrowers*varioustypesoffinancing,establishandimprovetheunifiedcreditmanagementsystemforindividualcustomers,andmaketimelyadjustmentsaccordingtothebusinessdevelopmentandriskcontrolneeds.第十九条 贷款审查应对贷 款调查内容的合法性、合理性、 准确性进行全面审查，重点关注 调查人的尽职情况和借款人的偿 还能力、信用状况、担保情况、 抵（质）押比率、风险程度等。第二十条贷款人应建立和 完善风险评价机制，落实风险评 价的责任部门和岗位。贷款风险 评价应全面分析借款人的信用状 况和还款能力，关注其收入与支 出情况、偿债情况等，用于生产 经营的还应对借款人经营情况和 风险情况进行分析，采取定量和 定性分析方法，全面、动态、审 慎地进行贷款风险评价。对于提 供担保的贷款，贷款人应当以全 面评价借款人的偿债能力为前 提，不得直接通过担保方式确定 贷款金额和期限等要素。贷款人应建立和完善借款人信用 风险评价体系，关注借款人各类 融资情况，建立健全个人客户统 一授信管理体系，并根据业务发 展情况和风险控制需要，适时予 以调整。第二十一条贷款人应根据 审慎性原则，完善授权管理制 度，规范审批操作流程，明确贷 款审批权限，实行审贷分离和授Article 21 Alendershall,undertheprudentprinciple,improvetheauthorizationmanagementsystem,regulatetheoperatingprocedureforloanexaminationandapproval,clarifytheexaminationandapprovalpower,separatetheexaminationofloansfromthegrantingofloans,applytheauthorizationsystemtotheexerciseoftheexaminationandapprovalpower,andmakesurethattheexaminationandapprovalpowerisexercisedindependentlywithinthescopeofauthorization.Wherethelenderconductsautomaticexaminationandapprovalbyonlinemeans,itshallestablishamanualreviewmechanismasasupplementtotheautomaticexaminationandapprovalandsetthetriggerconditionsformanualreview.Whereitisfoundthatautomaticexaminationandapprovalcannoteffectivelyidentifyrisksinpost-loanmanagement,alendershallstoptheautomaticexaminationandapprovalprocess.权审批，确保贷款审批按照授权 独立审批贷款。贷款人通过线上方式进行自动化 审批的，应当建立人工复审机 制，作为对自动化审批的补充， 并设定人工复审的触发条件。对 贷后管理中发现自动化审批不能 有效识别风险的，贷款人应当停 止自动化审批流程。第二十二条贷款人通过全 线上方式开展的业务，应当符合 互联网贷款相关规定。Article 23 After disapproving a personal loan application, a lender shall notify the borrower.第二十三条对未获批准的 个人贷款申请，贷款人应告知借 款人。Article 22 Thebusinesscarriedoutbyalenderthroughthewholelineshallcomplywiththerelevantprovisionsononlineloans.第二十四条贷款人应根据 重大经济形势变化、违约率明显 上升等异常情况，对贷款审批环 节进行评价分析，及时、有针对 性地调整审批政策，加强相关贷 款的管理。第二十五条贷款人为股东 等关联方办理个人贷款的，应严Article 24 Alendershall,intheeventofbigchangesintheeconomicsituation,sharpriseofthedefaultrateoranyotherabnormalcircumstances,assessandanalyzetheexaminationandapprovallinkofpersonalloanssoastoadjusttheexaminationandapprovalpoliciesinatimelyandpertinentmannerandstrengthenthemanagementofpersonalloans.Article 25 Wherealenderhandlespersonalloansforshareholdersandotheraffiliated格执行关联交易管理的相关监管 规定，发放贷款条件不得优于一 般借款人，并在风险评价报告中 进行说明。parties,itshallstrictlyimplementtherelevantregulatoryprovisionsonthemanagementofaffiliatedtransactions,theconditionsforgrantingloansshallnotbebetterthanthoseforordinaryborrowers,anditshallbeexplainedintheriskassessmentreport.第四章协议与发放ChapterIVConclusionofContractsandGrantingofLoans第二十六条 贷款人应与借 款人签订书面借款合同，需担保 的应同时签订担保合同或条款。 贷款人应要求借款人当面签订借 款合同及其他相关文件。对于金 额不超过二十万元人民币的贷 款，可通过电子银行渠道签订有 关合同和文件（不含用于个人住 房用途的贷款）。Article 26 Alendershallconcludeawrittenloancontractwithaborrower,andaguaranteecontractorclauseshallbeconcludedinthemeantimewhereguaranteeisneeded.Alendershallrequestaborrowertoconcludealoancontractandotherrelevantdocumentsfacetoface.Forloansofnotmorethan200,000yuan,relevantcontractsanddocumentsmaybesignedthroughelectronicbankingchannels(excludingpersonalhousingloans).当面签约的，贷款人应当对签约 过程进行录音录像并妥善保存相 关影像。Whensigningacontractfacetoface,alendershallmakeaudioandvideorecordingsofthesigningprocessandappropriatelykeepthem.第二十七条 借款合同应符 合中华人民共和国民法典等 法律规定，明确约定各方当事人 的诚信承诺和贷款资金的用途、 支付对象（范围）、支付金额、 支付条件、支付方式等。Article 27 AloancontractshallconformtotheprovisionsoftheCivilCodeofthePeople,sRepublicofChinaandotherlaws,andstipulatethegoodfaithcommitmentsofbothparties,purposesofloanfunds,payees(scope),amountofpayment,termsofpayment,modeofpayment,etc.贷款人应在合同中与借款人约 定，借款人不履行合同或怠于履 行合同时应承担的违约责任，以 及贷款人可采取的提前收回贷 款、调整贷款支付方式、调整贷Alendershallagreewithaborrowerinthecontractthattheborrowershallbeliableforbreachofcontractiftheborrowerfailstoperformthecontractorisslacktoperformthecontract,andthatthelendermaytakesuchmeasuresasearlyrecoveryoftheloan,adjustmenttotheloan款利率、收取罚息、压降授信额 度、停止或中止贷款发放等措 施，并追究相应法律责任。paymentmethod,adjustmenttotheloaninterestrate,collectionofpenaltyinterest,reductionofthecreditline,andceaseorsuspensionofloangranting,andbeheldaccordinglyliable.第二十八条贷款人应建立 健全合同管理制度，有效防范个 人贷款法律风险。Article 28 Alendershallestablishandimprovethecontractmanagementsystemtoeffectivelypreventlegalrisksinthepersonalloanbusiness.借款合同采用格式条款的，应当 维护借款人的合法权益，并予以 公示。Ifformatclausesareusedinaloancontract,theclausesshallprotecttheborrower'slegitimaterightsandinterestsandbemadepublic.第二十九条贷款人应依照 中华人民共和国民法典等法 律法规的相关规定，规范担保流 程与操作。Article 29 AlendershallregulatetheguaranteeproceduresandoperationspursuanttotherelevantprovisionsoftheCivilCodeofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaandotherrelevantlawsandregulations.按合同约定办理抵（质）押物登记的，贷款人应当参与。贷款人委托第三方办理的，应对抵（质）押物登记情况予以核实。Alendershallparticipateinthehandlingofcollateral(mortgage)registrationformalitiesasagreedintheloancontract.Wherealenderentruststhemattertoathirdparty,itshallverifytheregistrationofcollateral(mortgage).第三十条贷款人应加强对 贷款的发放管理，遵循审贷与放 贷分离的原则，设立独立的放款 管理部门或岗位，负责落实放款 条件、发放满足约定条件的个人 贷款。Article 30 Alendershallstrengthentheadministrationofthegrantingofloans,followtheprincipleofseparatingtheexaminationofloansfromthegrantingofloans,andsetupanindependentdepartmentorposttoberesponsibleforthegrantingofloans,andberesponsibleforimplementingtheconditionsforthegrantingofloansandgrantingpersonalloanswhichmeettheprescribedconditions.第三十一条借款合同生效 后，贷款人应按合同约定及时发Article 31 Afteraloancontractbecomeseffective,thelendershallpayloanfundsundertheloancontractinatimelymanner.放贷款。ChapterVPaymentManagementArticle32Alendershallmanageandcontrolthepaymentofloanfundsbyentrustedpaymentbyalenderord