选择性必修一Unit 1 Relationships 同步练习 解析Word版.docx

2022-2023学年上学期高一英语同步精品课堂练习(北师大版新教材选择性必修第一册)Unit1Relationships解析版一、单句语法填空1. (credible)thoughitwas,itwastrue.【答案】Incredible2. 【解析】考查词形转换。句意：虽然它难以置信，但它却是真的。该句为IhOUgh引导的让步状语从句，根据语境可知，设空处应填形容词，意为“难以置信的"，作WaS的表语。故填：InCredible。3. 1.ifeisatoughjourney,tosomeextent,whereyoustillsmileandloveeventhoughyouare(occasional)hurtandbetrayed.【答案】occasionally【解析】考查词性转换。句意：生活是一段艰难的旅程，在某种程度上，即使你偶尔在其中受到伤害和背叛,你仍然会微笑和爱。设空处应填副词，作状语，修饰谓语。故填：Occasionallyo4. Teachersneedtobeawareofthe(emotion),intellectual,andphysicalchangesthatyoungadultsexperience.【答案】emotional【解析】考查词性转换。句意：教师需要r解年轻人在情感、智力和身体上所经历的变化。设空处应填形容词，与形容词intellectual,andphysical并列，作定语修饰名词Changes。故填：emotionalo5. ThefirsttimeIwenttoJiuzhaigou,Iwasshockedbyitsbeauty.dsayitwasthemostbeautifulplace1sawthefirsttime.【答案】for【解析】考查固定短语。句意：我第一次去九寨沟时，我被它的美丽惊呆了。我想说那是我第一次看到的最美丽的地方。设空处应填介词，与thefirsttime构成介词短语，在定语从句Isawthefirsttime中作状语，“forIhefirsttime”首次；第一次。故填：for。6. Forlackmoney,theorganizersarenowtryingtolookformorepeoplewhocansponsortheexhibition.【答案】of【解析】考查固定短语。句意：由于缺乏资金，组织者正在努力寻找更多的人来赞助这次展览。分析句式可知，Forlackmoney,为介词短语作状语。所以IaCk为名词，forlackof：因缺乏故填：of。7. Haveyoumadefullpreparationsforthe(present)tobedeliveredtomorrowafternoon?【答案】presentation【解析】考查词性转换。句意：你为明天下午的演讲做了充分的准备吗？设空处应填名词，作介词for的宾语。其后tobedeliveredtomorrowafternoon为不定式短语，作后置定语，修饰设空处名词。故填：presentationo7.Visitorshavenoaccesstheremainsofthebuildingthatwerebeingstudiedbythearchaeologists.【答案】to【解析】考查介词。句意：游客们无法进入考古学家正在研究的建筑遗址。固定搭配haveaccessto“使用、接近”。故填：介词to。8. Dianaused(drive)towork,butnowsheisusedto(walk)becausetheroadiscrowdedandshewantstokeepfit.【答案】todrive:walking【解析】考查固定短语。句意：戴安娜过去经常开车去上班，但现在她习惯于走路去上班，因为路上很拥挤，并且她想保持健康。设空一涉及固定短语“usedt。dosth.”，意为“过去经常做某事''，所以设空一填“t。drive”；设空二涉及固定短语“beusedtodoingsth”，意为“习惯于做某事"，"to”为介词，后接动名词作宾语，所以设空二填“walking”。故填：iodrive;WaIkingO9. Somepeopleusehand-writtenlettersin(prefer)totypingbecausethey,remorepersonalandrepresentyoursincerity.【答案】preference【解析】考查介词短语。句意：有些人更喜欢手写信件，而不是打字，因为它们更私人，代表你的真诚。inPreferenCeIo"优先于"；故填：preference10. Mobilephoneisan(effect)meansofcommunication.【答案】effective【详解】考查词性转换。句意：手机是一种有效的通讯方法。设空处应填形容词，意为“有效的”，作定语，修饰名词means“方法故填：effective1LAlIofuswere(puzzle)bythe(puzzle)question(raise)byasix-year-oldboy.答案】puzzled;puzzling;raised【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们都被一个六岁男孩提出的令人困惑的问题难住了。V+ed修饰人，v+ing修饰物，question与raise之间是被动关系，所以设空三用过去分词作定语，故填：puzzled;puzzling;raised12.JinYong,oneofthegreatestkungfufictionwritersinChina,hasan(ordinary)commandoflanguage.【答案】extraordinary【解析】考查词形转换。句意：金庸，中国最伟大的功夫小说作家之一，有着非凡的语言能力,haveacommandof为固定搭配，意为：“精通；掌握“。设空处应填形容词，作定语，修饰名词Command,意为“非凡的”。故填：extraordinaryo13. Any(complain)willberejectedifithasnofoundationafterbeingcloselyanalyzed.【答案】complaint【解析】考查词性转换。句意：如果仔细分析后没有根据，任何投诉都将被驳回。设空处应填名词，作主句的主语，故填：名词ComPlaint。14. Ifithadnotbeenforhis(invite)theotherday,Ishouldnotbeherenow.【答案】invitation【解析】考查词性转换。句意：要不是那天他的邀请，我现在就不会在这里了。该句为if虚拟条件句，表达与过去事实相反的情况。设空处应填名词，作介词for的宾语。故填：invilalion.15. Weareverygratefulthesevolunteersbecausetheyhelpedusovercomemanydifficulties.【答案】to【解析】考查介词。句意：我们非常感谢这些志愿者，因为他们帮助我们克服了许多困难。begratefulI。表示"感谢故填：介词10。二、阅读理解AnyintroductiontoPekingOperawouldnotbecompletewithouttellingofMeiLanfang.TraditionallyonlymenperformedinPekingOpera,includingthefemaleroles.AndMeiLanfangwastheverybestmasteroftheMiss.Duringhisstagelife,hecombinedthetraditionsofthepastwithhisowncreations,shapingastyleofhisownandgivingbirthtouTheMciLanfangSchoo,.HcwasalsothefirstartisttointroducePekingOperatotheoverseasaudience,winninginternationalfame(名声)acrosstheglobe.Forhalfacentury,MeiLanfangwasahousehold(家喻户晓的)nameinChina.MeiLanfangbeganhisstagelifeattheageof8.Histeachersaidheshowedlittlehopebecauseofhisboringeyes.Tbimprovethis,heexercisedthemdayafterday.Hewouldflykitesandlookatthemmovingslowlyinabluesky.Healsokeptpigeonsinordertolookatthemflyinghigherandhigheruntiltheydisappearedintotheclouds.Thankstohisefforts,hemanagedtochangehisdulleyesintoapairofbrightandexpressiveeyesandwinnationalfamebeforetheageof20.Inover50yearsonthestage,MeiLanfangplayednolessthan100differentcharactersinthetraditionalPekingOperaperformance.Hecompletelychangedbothstagemake-up,costumes,andenrichedcharacters'gesturesandexpressions.Healsowrotemanynewplays,designing(hedanceshimself.ThemanydanceshecreatedformpartofthegreatlegacythathelefttoPekingOpera.In1930,MeiLanfangstartedonasuccessfulUStour.Therehisbrilliantperformancesfascinaied（吏着迷）theaudience,makingthemrealisethatPekingOperawasamostvaluableformofart.1. Whydidhisteacherthinkhewasoflittlehopeonthestage?A. Becausehebeganhisstagelifeatayoungage.B. BecausehecouldonlyperforminPekingOperaasfemaleroles.C. Becausehelikedflyingkitesandkeepingpigeonsandpaidnoefforts.D. Becausehiseyeswerenotbrightandexpressive.2. HowlongdidittakeMeiLanfangtoexercisehiseyesintobrightandexpressiveones?A.About8years.B.About10years.C.About12years.D.About14years.3. Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“legacy“inParagraph3?A. Somethingoflittleimportance.B. Someonewell-knownallovertheworld.C. Someoneconsideredtobeanarttreasure.D. Somethingvaluablepasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration.4. Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A. ThehistoryofPekingOpera.B. MeiLanfang,searlystagelife.C. ThecreationsofPekingOperabyMeiLanfang.D. MeiLanfang,sgreatcontributionstoPekingOpera.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了京剧大师梅兰芳的生平事迹以及他对京剧所做出的重大贡献。【答案】1. D细节理解题。根据第二段第二句"HisteachersaidheshowedEUehopebecauseofhisboringeyes.（他的老师说，因为他那双无聊的眼睛，看不出他有什么希望）”以及最后一句"ThanksIohisefforis,hemanagedIochangehisdulleyesintoapairofbrightandexpressiveeyesandwinnationalfamebeforetheageof20.（由于他的努力，他设法在20岁之前把他迟钝的眼睛变成了一双明亮而富于表情的眼睛，赢得了全国的声誉）”可知，因为梅兰芳眼睛无神，不够明亮而富有表情而被老师认为他不够有希望。故选D项。2. C细节理解题。根据第二段的“MeiLanfangbeganhisstagelifeattheageof8.（梅兰芳8岁时开始了他的舞台生涯）”以及第二段的最后一句"Thankstohisefforts,hemanagedtochangehisdulleyesintoapairofbrightandexpressiveeyesandwinnationalfamebeforetheageof20.（由于他的努力，他设法在20岁之前把他迟钝的眼睛变成了一双明亮而富于表情的眼睛，赢得了全国的声誉）”可知，他8岁时开始了他的舞台生涯，不到20岁时眼睛练得明亮而且富有表现力，由此可以推断出他大约练习了12年,故选C项。3. D词句猜测题。根据第四段的“Hecompletelychangedbothstagemake-up,costumes,andenrichedcharacters,gesturesandexpressions.Healsowrotemanynewplays,designingthedanceshimself.ThemanydanceshecreatedformpartofthegreatlegacythathelefttoPekingOPera.（他彻底改变了舞台化妆、服装，丰富了角色的手势和表情。他还写了许多新剧，自己设计舞蹈。他创作的许多舞蹈是他留给京剧的伟大遗产的一部分）”可知，梅兰芳对京剧做出了巨大贡献，他创的舞步对京剧来说很重要、很有价值，是留给京剧的重要东西。因此可推测此处的IegaCy意为“传下来的有价值的东西”，也就是可以代代相传的有价值的东西。故选D项。4. D主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Duringhisstagelife,hecombinedlheIradilionsofthepastwithhisowncreations,shapingastyleofhisownandgivingbirthto4<TheMeiLanfangSchool,.HewasalsothefirstartisttointroducePekingOperatotheoverseasaudience,winninginternationalfame（名声）acrosstheglobe.（在他的舞台生涯中，他结合了过去的传统与自己的创作，形成了自己的风格，并诞生了“梅兰芳学派”。他也是第一位将京剧介绍给海外观众的艺术家，赢得了全球的国际声誉）”以及第四段的“HeComplelelychangedbothstagemake-up,costumes,andenrichedcharacters,gesturesandexpressions.Healsowrotemanynewplays,designingthedanceshimself.ThemanydanceshecreatedformpartofthegreatlegacythathelefttoPekingOPera.（他彻底改变了舞台化妆、服装，丰富了角色的手势和表情。他还写了许多新剧，自己设计舞蹈。他创作的许多舞蹈是他留给京剧的伟大遗产的一部分）”以及最后一段“Therehisbrilliantperformancesfascinaled（使着迷）lheaudience,makingthemrealise（hatPekingOperawasamostvaluableformofarl.（在那里，他的精彩表演令观众着迷，让他们意识到，京剧是一种最有价值的艺术形式）”可知，梅兰芳让全世界了解京剧这一门艺术，给京剧留下了宝贵的财富以及让人们意识到京剧是有价值的艺术，因此可知文章主要介绍了梅兰芳对京剧的伟大贡献。故选D项。三、七选五Beforepractisinggettingtoknowyourself,it'simportanttobeopentowhateveryoufind.However,onceyou,rearmedwithanacceptingattitude,youwillfindtheprocessofself-discoveryenjoyableandexciting.GettoknowyourpersonalityYoucanunderstandyourpersonalitybyreflection.2.Putdownthepasteventsthathaveshapedyourfutureself,especiallyyourearlylifeexperiences.Often,whatwegothroughaschildrenplaysakeyroleincreatingpatterns,preferencesandneedsforthefuture.3Whenwethinkaboutself-knowledge,it,seasytofocusonthePSyChok）gical（心理的）attheexpenseofthephysical.However,gettingtoknowyourbodyisjustasimportantasgettingtoknowyourmind.Learningmoreaboutyourbodyhelpsyoutosetrealisticgoalsandknowyourownlimits,aswellashelpingyoufeelmorecomfortable.IdentifyyourstrengthsandweaknessesGettingtoknowyourselfisallaboutdevelopingarealpictureofwhoyouare,includingthepartsyouareproudofandthepartsthatyoustrugglewithfromtimetotime.Thinkaboutwhatyoulikeaboutyourself,andwhichpartsofyourselfgetthemostpositivefeedback（反馈）.4,askyourselfwhethertherearecommonthemesinyourfailuresorindisappointingtimesofyourlife.Questionyourautomatic（自动的）thoughtsManyofushaveatendencytoexperienceautomaticthoughtsthatarenegative.Ifyoudon,tknowyourselfverywell,youmayjustacceptthesenegativethoughts.Youmaythenfeelbadaboutyourself.However,whenyouhavehigherlevelsofself-awareness,youcancatchthesethoughtsastheycomeupandredirectthemtomorepositivethoughts.5.A. GettoknowyourbodyB. HaveagoodknowledgeofyourmindC. WhenitcomestoidentifyingyourweaknessesD. Afterall,youmightbesurprisedbywhoyouareE. MakingalisthelpsyoumakebettersenseofyourselfF. UnlessyouhopetofindoutwhereyourweaknesseslieG. Intime,themorepositivethoughtswillbecomeautomatic【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述如何更加了解自己。【答案】1. D上文“Beforepractisinggettingtoknowyourself,it'Simportanttobeopentowhateveryoufind.（在练习了解自己之前，重要的是对你所发现的一切保持开放的态度）”提到，在了解自己之前要对一切都保持开放态度，下文“However,onceyou'rearmedwithanacceptingattitude,youwillfindtheprocessofself-discoveryenjoyableandexciting.（然而，一旦你有了接受的态度，你会发现自我发现的过程是愉快和令人兴奋的）”提到，自我发现的过程是愉快和令人兴奋的，空处与下文是转折关系，D项“毕竟，你可能惊讶于真实的自己”符合语境，解释上文“对切要保持开放态度”的原因，且与下文“自我发现的过程愉快和令人兴奋”形成转折，故选D项。2. E根据下文iiPutdownthepasteventsthathaveshapedyourfutureself,especiallyyourearlylifeexperiences4写卜那些塑造了未来的自我的过往事件，尤其是你早年的生活经历）”可知，此处是建议写下过去重要的事情，E项“列清单可以帮助你更好地了解自己”符合语境。故选E项。3. A空处是主题句，根据本段中“However,gettingtoknowyourbodyisjustasimportantasgettingtoknowyourmind.（然而，了解你的身体和了解你的思想一样.重要）”可知，本段是建议要了解自己的身体，A项“了解你的身体”符合语境，故选A项。4. C根据主题句"IdenlifyyourstrengthsandWeaknesses（认清自己的优点和弱点）”可知，本段是说要认清自己的优点和弱点，结合空后“askyourselfwhethertherearecommonthemesinyourfailuresorindisappointingtimesofyourlife（问问自己，在你的失败或令人失望的生活中，是否有共同的主题）”可知，本句是关于自身的弱点，C项“当谈到认清自己的弱点时”符合语境，故选C项。5. G根据上文“However,whenyouhavehigherlevelsofself-awareness,youcancatchthesethoughtsastheycomeupandredirectthemtomorepositivethoughts4然而，当你有更高水平的自我意识时，你可以捕捉到这些想法，并将它们转向更积极的想法）”可知，当自我意识水平提高时，可以捕捉到消极的想法并将之转化为更积极的想法，G项“经过一段时间之后，更积极的想法会自然而然地产生”总结上文，故选G项。四、完形填空It,samovingstory.AprimaryschoolteacherinKentuckywentaboveandbeyondtothataspecialstudentwasincludedduringafunclassfieldtrip.Thestudentwasa1O-year-oldgirlnamedRyanNeighbors.Bornwithadefectcalledspinabifida（脊椎裂），shehastouseawheelchairforher2life.Becauseofthelackofwheelchairaccess,previousschooltripshadbeena3totheyounggirl.Thisyear,Neighbors'familylearnedfromtheschoolthattheclasswouldbe4theOhioStatePark,whichwasobviouslyinaccessible.Sothefamilystartedtoplana（n）5triptocheerherup.Fortunately,JimFreeman,whoteachestheclassnextdoortoNeighbors,classroom,6andvolunteeredtocarryheraroundtheparkusingaspecialbackpack.Freeman's1broughtShellyKing,Neighbors,mother,totears,uItissaidthatFreemancarriedourdaughteronhisbackallthewaytoexplorethestatepark.It8myheart,saidShelly.44Hewasso9thathestrived（努力）tomakesurethatNeighborswasincludedandnot10SoShellywenttosocialmediatoIJFreeman.Sofar,theposthasbeen12thousandsoftimes.ttThisisjustoneofthephysicalactsthatwedodailyinschool.Itwasnothingmorethanawayto13astudentinneed,“Freeman14.U,forRyanNeighborsthegenerousdeedprovidedalessonthatwouldlikelyslickwithherforyears.1.A.insistB.ensureC.convinceD.agree2.A.entireB.shortC.previousD.typical3.A.pleasureB.chanceC.missionD.challenge4.A.wanderingB.headingC.visitingD.leaving5.A.freeB.occasionalC.regularD.alternative6.A.droppedinB.steppedinC.movedonD.calmeddown7.A.ambitionB.courageC.generosityD.determination8.A.meltedB.stoppedC.stoleD.opened9.A.open-mindedB.energeticC.differentD.warm-hearted10.A.dealtwithB.leftoutC.takenoverD.turneddown11.A.praiseB.encourageC.selectD.follow12.A.providedB.claimedC.approvedD.shared13.A.helpB.rewardC.chooseD.educate14.A.admittedB.respondedC.arguedD.added15.A.AnywayB.InsteadC.HoweverD.Therefore【语篇导读】这是篇记叙文。文章讲述十岁的RyanNeighborS因患脊椎裂而无法参加学校组织的外出活动，邻班老师JimFreeman主动提出背着她一起去旅行，这使小女孩的母亲非常感动，也让Ryan不再感到孤单。【答案】1. B考查动词词义辨析。句意：肯塔基州的一名小学教师在一次有趣的班级实地考察中，不遗余力地确保了一名特殊学生的加入。A.insist坚持；B.ensure确保；C.convince使信服；D.agree同意。根据卜,文的“hestrivedtomakesurethatNeighborswasinclude,1111,肯塔基州的一位小学老师竭尽全力，确保一位特殊的学生能够参与到有趣的野营旅行中。故选B项。2. A考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她出生时有一种叫做脊柱裂的缺陷，一生都得坐轮椅。A.entire全部的；B.short短的，矮的；C.previous先前的；D.typical典型的。根据上文的“Bornwithadefectcalledspinabifida,可知，RyanNeighbOrS从出生起就患有脊椎裂，因此她的一生都需要在轮椅上度过。故选A项。3. D考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于没有轮椅通道，以前的学校旅行对这个小女孩来说是一个挑战.A.pleasure愉快；B.chance机会；C.mission使命；D.challenge挑战。根据上文的“Becauseofthelackofwheelchairaccessw可知，缺少轮椅专用通道对于坐轮椅的RyanNeighborS来说，出去旅行是充满挑战的，所以说是一个挑战。故选D项。4. C考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年，RyanNeighborS的家人从学校得知，他们的班级要去参观俄亥俄州立公园，那里显然是无法到达的。A.wondering想知道；B.heading朝（某方向）行进；CViSiting参观,拜访；DJeaving离开.根据下文的“theOhiOSialePark”可知，这一次学校计划去俄亥俄州立公园旅行，此处表达“参观公园”。故选C项。5. D考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，这家人开始计划另一次旅行，让她高兴起来。A.free空闲的，免费的，自由的；B.occasional偶尔的；C.regular定期的；D.alternative可替代的。根据上文的“whichwasobviouslyinaccessiblev11Il,由于RyanNeighbors需要坐轮椅，因此她是没办法去参观俄亥俄州立公园的。因此，家人开始为她计划一次她可参与的旅行作为替代。故选D项。6. B考查动词短语辨析。句意：幸运的是，吉姆弗里曼，RyanNeighbOrS教室隔壁班级的老师，主动提出用一个特殊的背包带着她在公园里走。A.dropin顺道拜访；B.stepin介入，干预；C.moveon继续前进；D.calmdown平静卜.来<,根据卜文的"volunteeredtocarryheraroundtheparkusingaspecialbackpack,可知，JimFreeman主动参与此事，并提出要用特殊的背包背着RyanNeighbors去旅行。故选B项。7. C考查名词词义辨析。句意：弗里曼的慷慨让RyanNeighbOrS的母亲谢莉金热泪盈眶。A.ambition雄心；B.courage勇气；C.generosity慷慨;D.determination决心。根据上文的"volunteeredtocarryheraroundtheparkusingaspecialbackpack,和下文的"broughtShellyKing,Neighbors,mother,totears”可知，JimFreeman主动提出用特殊的背包背着RyanNeighbOrS去旅行，这是种慷慨相助，Ryan的妈妈因此而感动流泪。故选C项。8. A考查动词词义辨析。句意：它融化了我的心。A.melted（使）融化,变得温柔；B.stopped停止;C.stole偷；D.opened打开。根据上文的“Freemancarriedourdaughteronhisbackallthewaytoexplorethestatepark,可知，JimFreeman老师一路上都背着Ryan在公园里探险，Ryan的妈妈被老师的行为所温暖，所以感觉心都要融化了。故选A项。9. D考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他是如此热心，以至于他努力确保RyanNeighborS被包括在内而不是被排除在外。A.open-minded开放的:B.energetic精力充沛的；C.different不同的；D.warm-hearted热心的。根据上文的"JimFreeman,whoteachestheclassnextdoortoNeighbors'classroom”以及"Freemancarriedourdaughteronhisbackallthewaytoexplorethestatepark,可知，JimFreeman并不是RyanNeighbors的老师，但他主动提出用特殊的方式带Ryan去旅行，而且一路上背着Ryan在公园里探险，说明他是一个热心的人。故选D项。10. B考查动词短语辨析。句意：他是如此热心，以至于他努力确保RyanNeighbOrS被包括在内而不是被排除在外。A.dealtwih处理；B.Iefioin忽视；C.lakenover掌管；D.Iurneddown调低，拒绝。根据上文“hestrivedtomakesurethatNeighborswasincluded,可知，JimFreeman尽力让Neighbors参与到旅行中来，and后的“not”和上文意思应一致,所以用IeftoUt,notleftout½“不被忽略”。故选B项。11. A考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以ShelIy在社交媒体上称赞了弗里曼。A.praise表扬；B.encourage鼓励；C.select挑选；D.follow跟随。根据下上文“Hewasso9thathestrivedtomakesurethatNeighborswasincludedandnot10n可知，NeighbOrS的妈妈很感激老师背着自己的女儿参观公园，所以在社交媒体上表扬了Freeman老师的行为。故选A项。12. D考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，这篇文章已经被分享了数千次。A.provided提供；B.claimed声称；C.叩ProVed赞成；D.shared分享。根据上文的“socialmedia”可知，大家在社交媒体上看到Neighbors的妈妈表扬Freeman老师的帖子后，纷纷转载分享，传播正能量。故选D项。13. A考查动词词