中华人民共和国科学技术进步法（2021修订）_2022.01.01生效_中英对照.docx

1/55中华人民共和国科学技术进步法（2021修订）发文机关:全国人民代表大会常务委员会Promulgatedby：StandingCommitteeoftheNationalPeople'sCongress发布日期:2021.12.24PromulgationDate：2021.12.24生效日期:2022.01.01EffectiveDate：2022.01.01时文效号性:现行有效:主席令第一。三ValidityStatus：DocumentNo.：validPresidentialDecreeNo.103中华人民共和国科学技术进步法LawofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaonScienceandTechnologyAdvancement(Revisedin2021)主席令第一。三号PresidentialDecreeNo.103中华人民共和国科学技术进TheLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaonScienceandTechnologyAdvancement,adopteduponrevisionatthe32d步法已由中华人民共和国第十三SessionoftheStandingCommitteeoftheThirteenthNational届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第People'sCongressofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaonDecember24,2021,isherebypromulgated,effectiveJanuary1,2022.三十二次会议于2021年12月24XiJinping日修订通过，现予公布，自2022年1月I日起施行。PresidentofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaDecember24,2021中华人民共和国主席习近平LawofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaonScienceandTechnology2021年12月24日Advancement(Adoptedatthe2ndSessionoftheStandingCommitteeofthe中华人民共和国科学技术进步法EighthNationalPeople'sCongressonJuly2,19931revisedforthefirsttimeatthe31stSessionoftheStandingCommitteeofthe（1993年7月2日第八届全国TenthNationalPeople'sCongressonDecember29,2007,andrevisedforthesecondtimeatthe32ndSessionoftheStanding人民代表大会常务委员会第二次会CommitteeoftheThirteenthNationalPeople'sCongresson议通过2007年12月29日第十届December24,2021)全国人民代表大会常务委员会第三®WoltersKluwer威科先行Q法律信息库第一章总则第一条 为了全面促进科学技 术进步，发挥科学技术第一生产 力、创新第一动力、人才第一资源 的作用，促进科技成果向现实生产 力转化，推动科技创新支撑和引领 经济社会发展，全面建设社会主义 现代化国家，根据宪法，制定本法。十一次会议第一次修订2021年12月24日第十三届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第三十二次会议第二次修订）ChapterIGeneralProvisionsArticle1ThisLawisenactedinaccordancewiththeConstitutionwithaviewtocomprehensivelypromotingscienceandtechnologyadvancement,givingplaytotheroleofscienceandtechnologyastheprimaryproductiveforce,innovationastheprimarydrivingforceandtalentastheprimaryresource,promotingthetransformationofscientificandtechnologicalachievementsintoactualproductiveforce,propellingscientificandtechnologicalinnovationtosupportandguideeconomicandsocialdevelopmentandbuildingamodernsocialistcountryinanall-roundway.第二条 坚持中国共产党对科 学技术事业的全面领导。国家坚持新发展理念，坚持科 技创新在国家现代化建设全局中的 核心地位，把科技自立自强作为国 家发展的战略支撑，实施科教兴国 战略、人才强国战略和创新驱动发 展战略，走中国特色自主创新道Article2TheoverallleadershipoftheCommunistPartyofChinaoverscienceandtechnologyundertakingsshallbeupheld.TheStateadoptsanewdevelopmentconcept,adherestothecorepositionofscientificandtechnologicalinnovationintheoverallsituationofChina'smodernizationconstruction,takestheself-relianceandself-improvementinscienceandtechnologyasthestrategicsupportfornationaldevelopment,implementsthestrategyofrevitalizingtheChinathroughscienceandeducation,thestrategyofreinvigoratingChinathroughhumanresourcesdevelopmentandinnovation-drivendevelopmentstrategy,followsthepathofindependentinnovationwithChinesecharacteristicsandbuildsascientificandtechnologicalpower.路，建设科技强国。田一人旬皿.u4"IArticle3Theworkofscienceandtechnologyadvancement第二条科学技力、进步工作应当面向世界科技前沿、面向经济主 战场、面向国家重大需求、面向人 民生命健康，为促进经济社会发 展、维护国家安全和推动人类可持 续发展服务。国家鼓励科学技术研究开发， 推动应用科学技术改造提升传统产 业、发展高新技术产业和社会事shallfacetheworld'sscientificandtechnologicalfrontiers,themaineconomicbattlefield,themajorneedsoftheStateandthelifeandhealthofthepeopleandservethepromotionofeconomicandsocialdevelopment,themaintenanceofnationalsecurityandthepromotionofsustainabledevelopmentofmankind.TheStateencouragesscientificandtechnologicalresearchanddevelopment,promotestheapplicationofscienceandtechnologytotransformandupgradetraditionalindustriesanddevelophigh-techindustriesandsocialundertakings,supportstheachievementofcarbonpeakingandcarbonneutralitygoals,generatesnewdevelopmentmomentumandrealizeshigh-qualitydevelopment.第四条国家完善高效、协同、开放的国家创新体系，统筹科技创新与制度创新，健全社会主义市场经济条件下新型举国体制，充分发挥市场配置创新资源的决定性 作用，更好发挥政府作用，优化科 技资源配置，提高资源利用效率， 促进各类创新主体紧密合作、创新 要素有序流动、创新生态持续优 化，提升体系化能力和重点突破能 力，增强创新体系整体效能。国家构建和强化以国家实验业，支撑实现碳达峰碳中和目标，催生新发展动能，实现高质量发展。Article4TheStateimprovesanefficient,collaborativeandopennationalinnovationsystem,coordinatesscientificandtechnologicalinnovationandinstitutionalinnovation,improvesthenewnationwidesystemundertheconditionsofsocialistmarketeconomy,givesfullplaytothedecisiveroleofthemarketinallocatinginnovationresources,betterplaystheroleofthegovernment,optimizestheallocationofscientificandtechnologicalresources,raisestheefficiencyofresourceutilization,promotesclosecooperationamongvarioustypesofinnovativeentities,orderlyflowofinnovationelementsandcontinuousoptimizationofinnovationecology,drivesupthesystematiccapacityandbreakthroughsinkeyareasandenhancestheoverallefficiencyoftheinnovationsystem.TheStateestablishesandstrengthensthenationalstrategicscientificandtechnologicalforceswithnationallaboratories,nationalscientificandtechnologicalresearchanddevelopmentorganizations,high-levelresearchuniversitiesandleadingscientificandtechnologicalenterprisesastheimportantcomponents,playsthestrategicsupportingandleadingroleandtheefficiencyofmajororiginalinnovationinkeyareasandkey.Q4.r,皿directionsandservestheneedsoftheStateformajorstrategies.室、国家科学技术研究开发机构、高水平研究型大学、科技领军企业为重要组成部分的国家战略科技力量，在关键领域和重点方向上发挥战略支撑引领作用和重大原始创新效能，服务国家重大战略需要。第五条国家统筹发展和安 全，提高科技安全治理能力，健全 预防和化解科技安全风险的制度机 制，加强科学技术研究、开发与应 用活动的安全管理，支持国家安全 领域科技创新，增强科技创新支撑 国家安全的能力和水平。第六条国家鼓励科学技术研 究开发与高等教育、产业发展相结 合，鼓励学科交叉融合和相互促 进。国家加强跨地区、跨行业和跨领域的科学技术合作，扶持革命老 区、民族地区、边远地区、欠发达 地区的科学技术进步。Article5TheStateshallplanasawholethedevelopmentandsecurity,improvethegovernancecapacityofscientificandtechnologicalsecurity,perfectthesystemsandmechanismsforpreventingandresolvingrisksofscientificandtechnologicalsecurity,strengthenthesecurityadministrationofscientificandtechnologicalresearch,developmentandapplicationactivities,supportscientificandtechnologicalinnovationinthefieldofnationalsecurityandenhancethecapacityandlevelofscientificandtechnologicalinnovationinsupportingnationalsecurity.Article6TheStateencouragesthecombinationofscientificandtechnologicalresearchanddevelopmentwithhighereducationandindustrialdevelopmentandtheinterdisciplinaryintegrationandmutualpromotion.TheStatestrengthenstrans-regional,trans-industrialandtrans-disciplinarycooperationinscienceandtechnologyandsupportsthescientificandtechnologicalprogressinoldrevolutionarybaseareas,minorityareas,remoteareasandunderdevelopedareas.TheStatestrengthensthecoordinateddevelopmentofmilitaryandcivilianscienceandtechnology,promotesthemutualexchangeandtwo-waytechnologytransferofmilitaryandcivilianscientificandtechnologicalresourcesandtechnologicaldevelopmentneedsanddevelopstechnologiesforbothmilitaryandcivilianuses.国家加强军用与民用科学技术协调发展，促进军用与民用科学技术资源、技术开发需求的互通交流和技术双向转移，发展军民两用技术。第七条国家遵循科学技术活 动服务国家目标与鼓励自由探索相 结合的原则，超前部署重大基础研 究、有重大产业应用前景的前沿技 术研究和社会公益性技术研究，支 持基础研究、前沿技术研究和社会 公益性技术研究持续、稳定发展， 加强原始创新和关键核心技术攻Article 1 The State follows the principle of combining the service of scientific and technological activities to national objectives with the encouragement of free exploration, makes advance arrangements for major basic research, research in frontier technologies that have major industrial application prospects and technological research for public welfare, supports the sustainable and stable development of basic research, research in frontier technologies and technological research for public welfare, strengthens original innovation and the tackling of key and core technological problems, and speeds up the realization of self-reliance and selfimprovement in high-level science and technology.关，加快实现高水平科技自立自强。第八条国家保障开展科学技 术研究开发的自由，鼓励科学探索 和技术创新，保护科学技术人员自 由探索等合法权益。科学技术研究开发机构、高等 学校、企业事业单位和公民有权自 主选择课题，探索未知科学领域，Article 8 The State safeguards the freedom to conduct scientific and technological research and development, encourages scientific exploration and technological innovation and protects the free exploration and other legitimate rights and interests of scientific and technical personnel. Scientific and technological research and development organizations, institutions of higher learning, enterprises and public institutions, and citizens shall have the right to select subjects on their own, explore unknown scientific fields, and engage in basic research, research in cutting-edge technologies, and research in technologies for public welfare.从事基础研究、前沿技术研究和社会公益性技术研究。第九条学校及其他教育机构Article 9 Schoolsandothereducationalinstitutionsshalladheretotheprincipleofintegratingtheorywithpractice,pay广W便日班升垂田旌attentiontothecultivationoftheeducatees'abilityof应当坚持理论联系实际，注重培养independentthinking,practice,innovation,criticalthinking,受教育者的独立思考能力、实践能aswellasthescientificspiritofpursuingtruth,advocatingt八，v皿一一E/4,innovationandseekingtruthfromfacts.TheStatebringsinto力、创新能力和批判性思维，以及"yplaytheimportantroleofinstitutionsofhigherlearninginscientific追求真理、崇尚创新、实事求是的andtechnologicalresearch,encouragesinstitutionsofhigherlearningtoconductscientificresearch,technologicaldevelopment科学精神。andsocialservicesandcultivatesseniorprofessionalsimbuedwiththesenseofsocialresponsibility,thespiritofinnovationandthe国家发挥高等学校在科学技术abiMyOfPraCtice.研究中的重要作用，鼓励高等学校开展科学研究、技术开发和社会服务，培养具有社会责任感、创新精神和实践能力的高级专门人才。第十条科学技术人员是社会主义现代化建设事业的重要人才力 量，应当受到全社会的尊重。国家坚持人才引领发展的战略 地位，深化人才发展体制机制改 革，全方位培养、引进、用好人Article 10 Scientificandtechnicalpersonnelareimportanthumanresourcesinthecauseofsocialistmodernizationandshallberespectedbythewholesociety.TheStateadherestothestrategicpositionoftalent-leddevelopment,deepensthereformofsystemsandmechanismsfortalentdevelopment,cultivates,introducesandmakesgooduseoftalentsinanall-roundway,createsanenvironmentconformingtothelawsofscientificandtechnologicalinnovationandtalentgrowthandgivesfullplaytotheroleoftalentsastheprimaryresource.才，营造符合科技创新规律和人才成长规律的环境，充分发挥人才第第十一条国家营造有利于科 技创新的社会环境，鼓励机关、群 团组织、企业事业单位、社会组织 和公民参与和支持科学技术进步活一资源作用。Article 11 TheStatecreatesasocialenvironmentfavorabletoscientificandtechnologicalinnovationandencouragesgovernmentorgans,massorganizations,enterprisesandpublicinstitutions,socialorganizationsandcitizenstoparticipateinandsupportscientificandtechnologicalprogressactivities.Thewholesocietyshallrespectlabor,动。knowledge,talentsandcreationstoformthetendencyofadvocatingscience.第十二条国家发展科学技术普及事业，普及科学技术知识，加强科学技术普及基础设施和能力建 设，提高全体公民特别是青少年的 科学文化素质。科学技术普及是全社会的共同 责任。国家建立健全科学技术普及 激励机制，鼓励科学技术研究开发 机构、高等学校、企业事业单位、社会组织、科学技术人员等积极参与和支持科学技术普及活动。第十三条国家制定和实施知识产权战略，建立和完善知识产权Article 13 The State formulates and implements intellectual property strategy, establishes and improves the intellectual property system, creates a social environment in which制度，营造尊重知识产权的社会环 境，保护知识产权，激励自主创 新。intellectual property is respected, protects intellectual property and stimulates independent innovation. Enterprises and public institutions, social organizations and scientists and technicians shall enhance their awareness of intellectual property, enhance independent innovation capability, improve capability of企业事业单位、社会组织和科creating, utilizing, protecting, managing and serving intellectual property, and improve the quality of intellectual property.学技术人员应当增强知识产权意全社会都应当尊重劳动、尊重知识、尊重人才、尊重创造，形成崇尚科学的风尚。Article12TheStatedevelopsthecauseofpopularizationofscienceandtechnology,popularizesscientificandtechnologicalknowledge,strengthenstheconstructionofinfrastructureandcapacityforpopularizationofscienceandtechnologyandraisesthescientificandculturalqualityofallcitizens,especiallytheyouth.Popularizationofscienceandtechnologyisthecommonresponsibilityofthewholesociety.TheStateestablishesandimprovesanincentivemechanismforpopularizationofscienceandtechnology,encouragesscientificandtechnologicalresearchanddevelopmentorganizations,institutionsofhigherlearning,enterprisesandpublicinstitutions,socialorganizations,andscientistsandtechnicianstoactivelyparticipateinandsupportscientificandtechnologicalpopularizationactivities.识，增强自主创新能力，提高创 造、运用、保护、管理和服务知识 产权的能力，提高知识产权质量。第十四条国家建立和完善有利于创新的科学技术评价制度。科学技术评价应当坚持公开、公平、公正的原则，以科技创新质 量、贡献、绩效为导向，根据不同科学技术活动的特点，实行分类评价。第十五条国务院领导全国科学技术进步工作，制定中长期科学Article 15 The State Council shall lead the national science and technology progress work, formulate medium- and longterm plans for scientific and technological development and和技术发展规划、科技创新规划，确定国家科学技术重大项目、与科plans for scientific and technological innovation and determine major national scientific and technological projects and major projects closely related to science and technology.学技术密切相关的重大项目。中长期科学和技术发展规划、科技创新The medium- and long-term plans for scientific and technological development and plans for scientific and technological innovation shall specify guiding principles, give规划应当明确指导方针，发挥战略导向作用，引导和统筹科技发展布play to the role of strategic guidance and guide and plan as a whole the layout of scientific and technological development, resource allocation and policy formulation. The people's局、资源配置和政策制定。县级以上人民政府应当将科学技术进步工作纳入国民经济和社会governments at or above the county level shall incorporate the work of science and technology progress into their plans for national economic and social development and ensure the coordination between scientific and technological progress and economic and social development.发展规划，保障科学技术进步与经The local people's governments at various levels shall take effective measures to strengthen organization and administration of the work of scientific and technological progress and optimizeArticle14TheStateestablishesandimprovesascientificandtechnologicalevaluationsystemfavorabletoinnovation.Scientificandtechnologicalevaluationshallbeconductedundertheprinciplesofopenness,fairnessandimpartialityandbeorientedbythequality,contributionandperformanceofscientificandtechnologicalinnovation,andclassifiedevaluationshallbeimplementedinlightofthecharacteristicsofdifferentscientificandtechnologicalactivities.济建设和社会发展相协调。theenvironmentforscientificandtechnologicaldevelopmenttopromotescientificandtechnologicalprogress.地方各级人民政府应当采取有效措施，加强对科学技术进步工作的组织和管理，优化科学技术发展环境，推进科学技术进步。第十六条国务院科学技术行政部门负责全国科学技术进步工作Article 16 TheadministrativedepartmentofscienceandtechnologyundertheStateCouncilshallberesponsibleformacro-administration,overallcoordination,serviceguarantee的宏观管理、统筹协调、服务保障和监督实施；国务院其他有关部门andsupervisionofthenationwidescientificandtechnologicalprogress;otherrelevantdepartmentsundertheStateCouncilshallberesponsibleforrelevantworkofscientificand在各自的职责范围内，负责有关的科学技术进步工作。technologicalprogresswithinthescopeoftheirrespectivefunctionsandduties.Theadministrativedepartmentsofscienceandtechnologyofthelocalpeople'sgovernmentsatorabovethe县级以上地方人民政府科学技 术行政部门负责本行政区域的科学 技术进步工作；县级以上地方人民 政府其他有关部门在各自的职责范countylevelshallberesponsiblefortheworkofscientificandtechnologicalprogresswithintheirrespectiveadministrativeareas;otherrelevantdepartmentsofthelocalpeople'sgovernmentsatorabovethecountylevelshallberesponsibleforrelevantworkofscientificandtechnologicalprogresswithinthescopeoftheirrespectivefunctionsandduties.第十七条国家建立科学技术进步工作协调机制，研究科学技术进步工作中的重大问题，协调国家 科学技术计划项目的设立及相互衔 接，协调科学技术资源配置、科学 技术研究开发机构的整合以及科学围内，负责有关的科学技术进步工作。Arti