单词翻译.docx

重点句子第一课6.Thebasicparts（主要器官）ofaplantaretherootsystem（茎叶系统），whichisbelowtheground,andtheshootsystemabove.8.Ittakesin,orabsorbs,waterandmineralsfromthesoilthroughtheroothairs,whicharesinglecellsnearthetipofeachroot.根系可以通过根尖端附近的简单细胞一根毛从土壤中吸收水分和矿物质12.Inaddition,plantssuchasclover（三叶草）andLucerne（苜蓿）,knownaslegumes（豆科作物）,havespecialbacteriawhichliveontheroots.18.Anotherimportantfunctionistoenablewaterandmineralstopassup（向上）fromtheleavesandflowers.21.Theirmainjobistomakefoodfortheplantbytheprocessknownasphotosynthesis/光合作用）23.Waterfromthesoilandcarbondioxidefromtheairareconvertedint。（转化成）sugarsandothercarbohydrates.26.TheStamenS（雄蕊）producethemalesexcells（雄性抱子），orspermatic,whicharecarriedinthepollengrains（花粉粒）28.Thefruittheripenedovary（成熟子房）oftheflower,encloses（包围）theseedsandprotectsthemwhiletheyaredeveloping.29.Theseeditselfconsistsofanembryo（胚）andfoodstore（胚乳）.30.Theembryoisthepartwhichwilldevelopintoanotherplantandfoodstoreisnecessarytoprovidenourishmentfortheyoungplantwhileitisgrowing.（胚乳在幼苗生长过程中提供必需的养分）第二课3.Seedsremaindormant（休眠的），orinarestingstate,iftheyarekeptcoolanddry.4.Whentheamountofmoisture（湿度）andthetemperaturelevelareright,theseedsgerminate（发芽）andstartgrowing.13.Thisisbecausewetsoilsremaincoldforalongerperiodoftimethandrier;well-drained（排水很好的）soils.16.Dormantseedsrequireverylittleoxygeninordertostayalive,butwhentheystarttogerminatetheyrequiremore.20.Intheearlystagesofdevelopmenttheseedingdependsentirelyonthefoodstore（阻:乳）intheseedbutassoonasthefirstleavesareproduced,itisabletomanufacturefoodforitself.25.lntheprocessofpollination（传播花粉）thepollen（花粉）iscarriedbywindorinsectsfromthestamenstothestigmaoftheCarPel（心皮）.26.ltgerminates（发芽）ontheStigma（柱头）andgrowthestyleintotheOVary（子房），wherefertilization（受精）takesplace.第三课2.OrganicmaterialOriginateS（来自于）fromdeadplantsandanimalsandmaterialsotherthan（与什么不同）thisarederived（起源）fromrocksofvariouskinds.3.Theserocksarebrokendownintosmallparticles（颗粒）bymechanical（机械的）disintegration（分解）andchemicaldecomposition（分解）.6.Inarid（干旱的）regionsWeathering（风化）ismostlybyphysicalmeans.7.Butinhumid（潮湿的）regionchemicalprocessesofweatheringareequally（同等的）important.!1.Consequently（从而，因此），theinsoluble（难以溶解的）mineral（矿物的）residues（残余物）inthesoilshavelessresemblance（相似）totheoriginalrocks.22.Mostofthemcontainvariousproportion（比例）ofsandzsilt（粉砂）andclay（粘土）andthesevaryingproportionsmakeupasoilwstextural（质地的）class.23.Theprincipleclassesinorderof（依照,的次序,increasingfineness（细度,纯度）ofmaterialaresand（砂）/loamysand（壤砂土）zloam（壤土）,siltloam（粉砂壤土）,siltyclayloam（粉砂粘壤土）,Clayloam（粘壤土），siltandclay.28.Thatistosay,smallersizedparticles（颗粒）canreactorcombinewithwateonutrientsandhumus（腐殖质）moreeasilythanlargersizedparticles.30.Humusfromdecomposed（分解，腐烂）organicmatterisvitaltoasoilasitmakesaheavysoil（粘重土）lighter.第四课2,Theease（容易）withwhichwatercanpassthrough（通过）asoildependson（取决于Otheproportionsinitofcoarse（粗糙的）andfine（精细的）particlessuchassandandclay（粘t）.10.Anotheradvantageisthatawell-drainedsoilwillhaveenoughairforaerobic（好氧的）bacteriatobreakdownhumusandsoprovidefoodfortheplant.12.Ditches（沟）canbecutatcertainintervals（间隔）betweenthecrops.16.Porous（多孔的）drainagetiles（排水瓦罐）maybelaidinoronthelandandthesewillhelptodrawoff（放掉）theSUrPlUS（过乘IJ）Warer.22.Weshoulddistinguishbetweenthecollectionofwater（蓄水）anditsapplication（应用）.23.Therearetwomainsourcesofirrigationwater:surfacewaterandgroundwater.31.Bythiswemeantheamountofwaterwhichisneededtobringthesoiltofullcapacity（达到充分的容量）32.ltalsodependsonthetypeofcrop,thestageofgrowthoftheamountwhichitwilluseatthatparticulartime.34.Mostplantsrequirelargerquantitiesofwaterduringthelaterstagesthanintheearlierstages.第五课8.Finally,itmakesupfortheplantnutrientswhichhavebeenremovedbycropsorlostbyleaching（淋溶）andsoilerosion（土壤侵蚀）.14.So,theymaybegroupedasnitrogenousfertilizers,phosphaticfertilizers,potassicfertilizers（KDE）andsoon.15.Themostcommonlyusedfertilizerwhichcontainsnitrogenisammonium（）sulphate（硫酸盐），whichismadefromammoniaandsulphuricacid,andwhichcontains21%nitrohen（N）16.Thiselementencouragesrapidvegetative（植物的，生长的）growthandgivesplantsahealthygreencolour.19.Phosphorous（P）stimulates（促进）theformation（形成）ofaplant'sroots,andpromotes（促进）fruitandseedproduction.21.Finally,whereverhighcropyields（产量）areexpected,potash（K）isusedtogetherwithnitrogenandphosphorous.23.Thishelpsplanttowithstand（抵抗mechanicaldamage（机械伤害）suchasbrokenbranchesandtornleaves.27.ltisusuallysuppliedintheformofmuriateofPOtaSh（氯化钾）,whichcontains50to60%potassiumoxide（k2o）andsulphateofpotash（硫酸钾）.32.Ifasoilisveryacid（酸的）zwithaPHvalueoflessthan5.0zlimecanbeaddedtocorrectthisacidity（酸性）.35.Nitrogen,phosphorousandpotassiumaremoreeasilyavailableinawell-limed（用石灰处理好的soilthaninanacidsoil.第六课l.lncropproductionthecontrolofweeds,diseasesandpestsisessentialtoobtainhighyields（获得高产）.5.Weedsreducecropyieldsonaccountofthefactthattheycompetewithcropsforwater,soilnutrientsandlight.7.Mostweedsareaggressive（侵袭性的）andinvasive（侵害的），theygrowquicklyandspreadfar,andsoaredifficulttogetridof.ll.Weedsmayalsobekilledbymeansofchemicalswhichhavethecollectivenameofherbicides.17.Theymustbeusedextremelycarefullyforthesimplereasonthattheywilleradicate（杀死）allplantsoncontact-which（接触）includesthecropitself.18.Theyareusuallyusedbeforesowingorbeforetheemergenceofthecropitself.23.Micro-organisms（微生物）arereproducedandspreadbyminute（微小的）bodiessuchasspores（芽抱）,fungi（真菌）andbacteria.25.ltisverydifficulttokillthefungiandbacteria,ortomakethevirus（病毒）whichisinsidethehost（寄生）plantinactive（静止的）.26.ButtheevolutionofplantVarietieswhichcanresistdisease（抗病新品种的选育）hascompletelychangedmethodsofdiseasecontrol.36.0newayistousechemicalsthateasilychangeintoagasorvapour（水蒸气），whichenterthesoilandkilltheharmfulorganisms.