专题12宾语从句-原卷版.docx

专题12宾语从句“宾语从句”是中考英语单项选择中必考的考点之一，同时也会结合动词时态、连接词进行考察。在2024年的中考中，这一部分内容的命题趋势可能会侧重考查宾语从句的时态、语序和连接词三个要素，同时也会涉及到宾语从句在写作中的运用。重点掌握宾语从句的陈述语序、各种连接词以及时态的对应。主要考查题型有单项选择、短文填空、翻译句子、书面表达等题型。解答此类试题的关键，是要正确理解陈述语序怎么判断，尤其是特殊的语序有哪些，连接词中表示“是否”时是选if还是Whether,当从句表示客观真理时从句需要用到一般现在时态等。在书面表达中考生可以主动使用到宾语从句，比如说“1think/Ibelieve”这样的句式。掌握好宾语从句的考点对于中考基础题的拿分非常重要。考生需要在平时做题中进行考点的积累和运用O重难诠释-1J-*知识点1：宾语从句的语序一、由that引导的宾语从句(1)宾语从句是指在复合句中充当宾语的句子。从句部分一般由“引导词+主语+谓语+其他”构成，其语序是陈述句语序。Eg：Ihope(that)youcancometomorrow.我希望你明天能来。(2)当直接引语变为间接引语时，用连接词that引导。Hesays,"I'mlisteningtotheweatherreport.”Hesays(that)heislisteningtotheWeatherrePort.他说他正在听天气预报。(3)当主句的谓语动词是say,think,tell,know,hear,see,feel,mean,hope,wish,remember,forget等或主句的谓语是由be动词和形容词afraid,glad,sure,sorry等构成的系表结构时，后面常接that引导的宾语从句。Hesays(that)hewantstospeaktotheheadmaster.他说他想和校长说话。msorry(that)heisn'thererightnow.我很抱歉，此刻他不在这里。【注意】由that引导的宾语从句中，that只有语法作用，没有实义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。二、由if或Whether引导的宾语从句(1)当宾语从句由-般疑问句转变而来时，用连接词if或Whether引导。Eg:Couldhepasstheexam?Nobodyknew.Nobodyknewwhetherhecouldpasstheexam.没人知道他是否能通过考试。(2)if或Whethel引导宾语从句时，意为“是否”，常放在ask,wonder,findOUt等后面。一般情况下，两者可互换，在口语中多用if.Eg:Iwonderif/whetheritwillraintomorrow.我想知道明天是否会下雨。注意：只能用Whether,不能用if的情况：与OrnOt直接连用时Eg：Pleaseletmeknowwhetherornotyoucancome.请让我知道你是否能来。宾语从句作介词的宾语时Eg：TheyaretalkingaboutwhethertheywillbuyacomputerforJim.他们正在讨论是否将给吉姆买一台电脑。接带to的动词不定式时Eg:Idon'tknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse.我不知道是接受还是拒绝。【注意】if或Whether不能和that或其他连词(副词)同时使用，也不能省去。我不知道他今天是否会来这儿。正：Idon,tknowif7whetherhewillcomeheretoday.if或Whether引导的宾语从句虽具有疑问意义，但从句应用陈述句语序。“Doyouknowthewaytothehospital?*'theoldwomanaskedme.Theoldwomanaskedmeif/whether1knewIheWaytothehospital.(陈述句语序)这位老妇人问我是否知道去医院的路。三、疑问词引导的宾语从句由疑问词引导的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的。疑问词分为疑问代词和疑问副词。用于这种结构的动词常常是see»say,tell,ask,answer,know,decide,suggest,wonder,advise等。Doyouknowwhenthemeetingwillbegin?（你知道会议什么时候开始？）CouldyoutellmewhoteachesusEnglish?（你能告诉我谁教我们英语吗？）Doyouknowwhichisfaster,acaroraplane?（你知道飞机和小汽车哪一个快？）Iwassurprisedatwhathehaddone.（他所做的事使我吃惊。）Iwonderhowmuchtheseshoescost.（我不知道这些鞋子多少钱。）知识点2：宾语从句的语序宾语从句要用陈述句语序，即“疑问代词/疑问副词+主语+谓语+其他。e.g.Iheard（that）hewonaprize.Theydon,tknowwhereheis.【注意】如果what,swrong/what,sthematter在句中充当宾语从句，语序不变。如果疑问词What或who在从句中作主语，其引导的句子作宾语从句时语序也不变。e.g.Iwanttoknowwhat,swrongwithyou.Shedoesn'tknowwhat,sthematterwithhim.Jackdidn,tknowwhathappened.Iwanttoknowwhat,sonthedesk.知识点3：宾语从句的时态如果主句是一般现在时，从句可根据需要选用相应的任何时态。Idon'tknowwhenheWiHCOmeback.我不知道他将何时回来。Hedoesn'tknowwhereheshouldgoonsuchadarknight.他不知道在如此漆黑的夜晚应该去哪里。如果主句是过去时，宾语从句应根据需要选用过去时，即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时中的某一种。（主过从过）Thechildrendidn'tknowwhohewas.孩子们不知道他是谁。如果宾语从句所表示的是客观禀实遍型!等，不管主句用什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。MybrotheraskedwhytheEarthgoesaroundtheSun.我弟弟问为什么地球绕着大阳转。【注意】含有宾语从句的复合句的标点符号由主句决定，若主句是陈述句，祈使句，则一般用句点：若主句是疑问句，则用问号。重难通关练一、单项选择题1. （2023江苏常州中考真题）9.CouldyoutellmesomethingaboutQuQiubai?Ineedtoknowabout.A.howmanybooksdidhepublishB.thathestudiedandworkedinRussiaC.whichpartofChangzhoudidheliveinD.whatforeignlanguageshecouldspeak2. （2023江苏连云港中考真题）8.Sarah,doyouknow?It'sonApril23.A.whatisWorldBookDayB.whatWorldBookDayisC.whenisWorldBookDayD.whenWorldBookDayis3. （2023江苏南通中考真题）14.Mike,yourfirstDragonBoatFestivalinChinaiscoming.Shallwecelebrateittogether?一dloveto,butcouldyoutellme?A. whatisthemeaningofthefestivalB. wherewewouldhavethecelebrationC. howyouusuallycelebratethefestivalD. whenisthisyear'sDragonBoatFestival4. （2023江苏宿迁中考真题）14.一IWOnder.MybestfriendJames.A. howcanyouspendthecomingsummerholidaysB. howyoucanspendthecomingsummerholidaysC. whowillyouspendthecomingsummerholidayswithD. whoyouwillspendthecomingsummerholidayswith5. （2022江苏常州I中考真题）9.Mum,doyouknow?Anengineer.That'sinteresting.Iguessyouoftenfixthingsforothersinyourschool.A.whatdomyclassmatescallmeB.whatmyclassmatescallmeC.whydomyclassmatescallmeD.whymyclassmatescallme6. （2022江苏淮安中考真题）9.Mum,Ifoundawalletonthebusthismorning.Ithinkyoushouldgiveittothepoliceandtheymayknow.A.howistheownerB.whoistheownerC.howtheownerisD.whotheowneris7. （2022江苏盐城中考真题）13.Canyoutellme?Neverspendtoomuchtimeonscreen.A.howwecanhavebrighteyesB.whyweshouldprotectoureyesC.wherewecanseeaneyedoctorD.whenweshoulddoeyeexercises8. （2022江苏扬州中考真题）14.Excuseme,couldyoutellme?一YoucantakeNo.6busthere.It,sabout15minutes'ride.A.howfaristheSlenderWestLakeB.howfartheSlenderWestLakeisC.howcanIgettotheSlenderWestLakeD.howIcangettotheSlenderWestLake9. （2023江苏泰州中考真题）9.Cananyonegivemeanexampleofaneventinthepast?一Ican.A. ShenzhouXVIwillcomeback.B. QuanHongchanwonthegoldmedal.C. IamtakingtheEnglishexam.D. Myclassmateisgoingtowatchafilm.10. （2023江苏镇江中考真题）15.TheYouthCeremonywasheldsuccessfully!Couldyoutellme?A.whowillbethehostofitB.inwhichhallwasitheldC.whoseshowmadeyouthemostexcitedD.thatyouwereencouragedbythespeech11. （2022江苏南通中考真题）14.Sandyaskedtheboy.A.whydidhelikeEnglishfilmsB.howhewillimprovehisEnglishC.whyhereadtheEnglishmagazineD.howmanynewwordshehaslearned12. （2023江苏无锡中考真题）12.YOUknoW?In12hours!一That,scrazy.Howisitevenpossible?A. how soon we must finish the taskB. how often we must finish the taskC. how soon must we finish the taskD. how often must we finish the task14. （2023江苏扬州中考真题）14.mwonderingatalowprice.一YoucanbookonethroughourofficialAPRA.howIcanbuytheairticketB.howcanIbuytheairticketC.whenIcanbuytheairticketD.whencanIbuytheairticket15. （2022江苏连云港中考真题）13.Couldyoupleasetellme?YoucantakeNo.2Bus.A.whenwasthenearesthospitalbuiltB.howcanIgettothenearesthospitalC.whenthenearesthospitalwasbuiltD.howIcangettothenearesthospital16. （2022江苏宿迁中考真题）14.Jenny,doyouknow?一Er,nextTuesday.A.whenthesportsmeetingwilltakeplaceB.whenwillthesportsmeetingtakeplaceC.wherethesportsmeetingwilltakeplaceD.wherewillthesportsmeetingtakeplace17. （2022江苏无锡中考真题）10.Therewillbearobotonshowinourschoolnextweek.Really?Iwonder.A.whatitlikesB.whatitislikeC.whatdoesitlikeD.whatisitlike18. （2022江苏镇江中考真题）14.SHENZHOU-14wasliftedOffsuccessfully!Couldyoutellme?A. inwhichcentreitwillbeliftedoffB. whoenteredChinaSpaceStationthistimeC. whatwillitmeantothedevelopmentofChinaD. thatthreeastronautsenteredChinaSpaceStation19.（2022江苏泰州中考真题）9.Mum,doyouknow?Anengineer.That'sinteresting.Iguessyouoftenfixthingsforothersinyourschool.A.whatdomyclassmatescallmeB.whatmyclassmatescallmeC.whydomyclassmatescallmeD.whymyclassmatescallme二、翻译句子题1. （2023江苏扬州中考真题）73.我认为和朋友们分享兴趣爱好很重要。2. （2022江苏无锡中考真题）63.这位游客想知道这座博物馆投入使用多久了。Thevisitorwantstoknow.3. （2022江苏扬州中考真题）75.我希望今年暑假我们能和朋友共度更多的时光。培优争分练一、单选题1. （2022江苏扬州市江都区中考英语一模试题）12.Mr.SharphasgonetoYangzhouonbusiness.Really?Doyouknow?A.whodidhegowithB.whenhecamebackC.howsoonwillhebebackD.howhewentthere2. （2022江苏南京市金陵中学中考英语模试题）11.RememberCarol?Sheisstillingoodshapeandlooksevenyoungerthoughyearshaspassed.一Oh,really?Ihaven'tseenherfornearlytenyears.Couldyoutellme?A.thatshehasgotmarriedB.howshecanmanagetodothatC.whereshehasgonetheseyearsD.whenwouldshevisitNanjingnexttime3. （2022江苏常州外国语学校中考英语模试题）8.Mother,sDayiscoming.mthinkingabout.A.whatgiftIwouldgivemymotherB.howIcangivemymotherasurpriseC.ifIplannedapartyformymotherD.wherewillmymotherandIhaveabigmeal4. （2022江苏南通海安市、启东市中考英语一模试题）14.Couldyoupleasetenme?Sorry,mnotsure.YoucanaskMr.Wang,ourheadteacher.A. whywillGeographyandBiologyenterourfinalentranceexamB. whenGeographyandBiologywouldenterourfinalentranceexamC. whetherGeographyandBiologywillenterourfinalentranceexamD. thatGeographyandBiologywillenterourfinalentranceexam5. （2022江苏苏州市昆山、太仓、常熟、张家港市中考英语-模试题）8.-Couldyoutellme?YoucansearchforitontheInternet.A.whatwilllifeonMarsbelikeB.whowrotethiswonderfulpoemC.whatisthepopulationofIndiaD.thatArmstrongwasthefirstmantowalkonthemoon6. （2022江苏苏州市工业园区星海实验中学中考英语一模试题）6.-Couldyoutellme?一Foraweek.A.howsoonhewillcomebackB.howsoonwillhecomebackC.howlongIcankeepthebookD.howlongcanIkeepthebook7. （2022江苏宿迁市宿城区中考英语一模试题）14.Couldyoutellmeaboutthelocaleducation?一Ithinkwww.sipedu.orgwillbehelpful.A.howcanIfindinformationB.whatinformationcanIgetC.whereIcangettheinformationD.thatinformationIcanget8. （2022江苏泰州市姜堰区中考英语一模试题）9.CouldyoutellmetitheFatherofRice,7Becausehehelpedmanycountriesgrowmorerice.A.whenwasYuanLongpingcalledB.whyisYuanLongpingcalledC.whenYuanLongpingwascalledD.whyYuanLongpingiscalled9. （2022江苏无锡市锡山高级中学实验学校中考英语一模试题）2.Neverdoanythingbadbecauseyouthinkit,stoosmall.Youneverknowitcanlead.A.howB.whatC.whereD.when10. （2022江苏无锡市锡山高级中学实验学校中考英语模试题）9.Thoughthingsaregoingsmoothlynow,scientistsarestillindoubt.A.thatpeoplewiththeviruscanbecuredB.wheredidtheviruscomefromC.ifthevirusisinfluencedbytheweatherD.howmanypeoplehadcaughtthevirus11. （2022江苏盐城市建湖县中考英语一模试题）13.Jamesshowsgreatinterestinspaceexploration,sohewouldliketoknow.A. whichforeignlanguagehc,dbetterIeamB. howtodevelophiscreativethinkingabilityC. whenfoldablesmartphoneswillbecommonproductsD. whatscientistshavediscoveredonthefarsideofthemoon12 .（2022江苏扬州仪征市中考英语一模试题）5.ProfessorMa,Iwonder.Infact,Ihaveagreatteam.Everyoneofusisoutstanding.A.whatisyournextgoalonyourstudyB.howyoumanagedtobesosuccessfulC.whenIcanbecomeascientistlikeyouD.whichistherightwaytoachievemydream13 .（2022江苏镇江市中考英语一模试题）14.Whatdidourteachersayjustnow?Heasked.A.whetherwehadanyquestionsB.ifweneededanyhelpofnotC.whichquestionwecan,tunderstandD.thatwecouldfinishhomeworkontime14 .（2022江苏宜兴市树人中学中考英语一模试题）33.-Whalareyoudoing,Jack?-IamsearchingforsomeinformationabouttheBlueMoon.Iwonder.A.thatitwillappearnexttimeB.whydoesitlookblueC.whenwasitfoundforthefirsttimeD.whetheritrepresentssomethinglucky15 .（2022江苏徐州市树人初级中学中考英语一模试题）13.Hi,Jim.Ihearthatyou'vejustcomebackfromSanya.mcallingtoask.一Great.A.howdidyouvisitthecityB.howmanydaysyou'vespentthereC.whichhotelhaveyoustayedinSanyaD.howyoufoundtheseafoodthere16 .（2022江苏苏州市吴中、吴江、相城区中考英语一模试题）9.Thenewcouplemakeapromiseabouteachotherandlivehappily.A.howwilltheysupportB.howtheywillsupportC.whywilltheysupportD.whytheywillsupport17 .（南京师范大学附属中学集团2022年中考英语二模试卷）13.Kate,couldyoutellmethetoybear?一Oh,IboughtitatanightmarketnearHunanRoad.A.whenyouboughtB.wheredidyoubuyC.whereyouboughtD.whendidyoubuy18 .（南京市鼓楼区2022年中考英语二模试卷）10.Sorry,mlate.Whatdidthelibrariansayjustnow?Shetoldus.A.howwecouldrenewbooksonlineB.howlongwecankeepbooksC.wherecouldwefindbookswewantD.howmanybookscanweborrowatatime19 .（南京市鼓楼区2022年中考英语模试题）11.Iwanttotakeacourseinsummercamp.CouldyoutellmeYou,11staywithafamilyinavillageandexperiencetheirdailylife.A.whenIshouldpayforthecourseB.whatactivitiescanIhaveC.whatthebestpartofthecourseisD.howlongwillIstayinthevillage20 .（南京市建邺区2022年中考英语二模试卷）13.Iwanttobuyanewcomputer.Anyadvice,John?一Well,itdependson.Ifmoneyisnottheproblem,youcanchooseIBM.A.whatcolouryoulikeB.whereyouwilluseitC.whenyouwillbuyoneD.howmuchyoucanafford.（南京市建邺区2022年中考英语一模试题）10.Excuseme,couldyoutellmeitistogotoJinling1.ibrary?一It,sabout15minutes'ride.A.howfarB.howsoonC.howlongD.howoften21 .（南京市金陵中学集团2022年中考英语一模试题）11.RememberCarol?Sheisstillingoodshapeandlooksevenyoungerthoughyearshaspassed.一Oh,really?Ihaven'tseenherfornearlytenyears.Couldyoutellme?A.thatshehasgotmarriedB.howshecanmanagetodothatC.whereshehasgonetheseyearsD.whenwouldshevisitNanjingnexttime22 .（南京市联合体2022年中考英语二模试卷）7.Howwonderfultheschoolconcertis!Iwonderourschoolwillholditnextyear.一Sure.It'sourschooltradition!A.howB.ifC.whereD.when23 .（南京市联合体2022年中考英语一模试题）12.Couldyoutellme?一ThefamoustabletenniscoachLiuGuoliang.A.whenyouwillwatchthegameB.whoyouadmiremostC.whyyouwanttowatchthegameD.whatsportyoulikebest24 .（南京市秦淮区2022年中考英语一模试题）14.DoyouknowinFebruary,Andy?Becauseitlookedsolovelyandwarminthecoldwinter.A.whyisBingDwenDwensopopularB.whyBingDwenDwenissopopularC.whyBingDwenDwenwassopopularD.whywasBingDwenDwensopopular25 .（南京市玄武区2022年中考英语二模试卷）14.Thereislittletimeleft.mindoubt.一Whatevertheresultis,don'tbetoohardonyourself.A. howhaveIpreparedforthecomingexamB. thatIcanentermyidealseniorhighschoolC. ifIcansucceedinpassingthecomingexamD. whetherdidIreallydobadlyinthelastexam27.（南京市玄武区2022年中考英语,模试题）4.Notuntilweloseit,willwerealizehealthmatterstoA.howsoonB.howmuchC.howmanyD.howoften28.（南京市玄武区2022年中考英语一模试题）14.Becauseofthedoublereductionpolicy,itseemsthatwewillhavemorefreetime.What,syourplanfortheMayDayHoliday,Jim?Ihaven'tdecided.A. whereIcouldtravelwithmyparentsB. whenwillIvolunteeratthehomefortheelderlyC. whetherIshouldtakeacoursetoimprovemymathsD. thatIwillstayathomeandreadsomebooksforfun29 .（无锡江阴市2022年中考英语二模试卷）9.Itisveryimportantthatwemustbehonestaboutwedonotknow.That*showwecanimprove.A.whenB.whereC.whatD.why30 .（无锡江阴市2022年中考英语二模试卷）12.OurgraduationpartywillbeonJune28.That*swonderful!Couldyoutellme?A. ifallofourteachersjoinedusB.wherewillitbeheldC.whowillgivetheperformancesD.thatweshouldwearschooluniforms31.（无锡市滨湖区2022年中考英语1模试题）12.TodayisEarthDay.Let'sdiscuss.A.whereshallweplantmoretreesB.whatwecandotoreducewasteC.howshouldwesavemoreenergyD.thatwecanmakeourcitygreener32.（无锡市华庄中学2022年中考英语二模试卷）7.WangYapingisveryhappytoreturntothemotherlandandtellsherlittledaughterthat.A."Momwasreturningafterreachingforthestars.”B. "Momreturnedafterreachingforthestars.”C. ”Momhasreturnedafterreachingforthestars.nD.”Momisreturningafterreachingforthestars.”33.（无锡市惠山区八校2022年中考英语一模试题）33.CouldyouteHme?YoucansearchforitontheInternet.A.howmuchthepopulationofIndiaisB.whatwilllifeonMarsbelikeC.ifthelastbushadleftD.whowrotethiswonderfulpoem34 .（无锡市蠡园中学2022年中考英语二模试卷）1.1havetosaythat,sawonderfulplan.ButIwonderitcanbefinished.Wcdon'thavemuchtime,mafraid.A.howB.whenC.whereD.why35 .（无锡市盆园中学2022年中考英语二模试卷）12.ThethreeastronautshavereturnedtotheEarthfromChina'sspacestation.Doyouknow?A.howlongtheyhavereturnedhomeB.howlongtheystayedinspaceC.howfaristhespacestationD.whereisthespacestation36 .（无锡市梁溪区2022年中考英语二模试卷）11.ThelightinMike,sroomisstillon.Doyouknow9Inordertopreparefortomorrow'sexam.A.ifheworkshardB.whyhestaysupsolateC.whyishesobusyD.whenhewillstopworking37 .（无锡市天一实验学校2022年中考英语二模试卷）13.Thereyouare!Couldyoutellme?Itwasimpossibleformetogettheprizewithoutmyteacher'shelp.A.howdidyoudoitB.whatyoudidC.whydidyoudoitD.howyoudidit38 .（无锡市外国语学校2022年中考英语二模试卷）12.Couldyoupleaseletmeknow?A.howyoucallthefoodB.what,sthematterwiththelittleboyC.howlonghehasgotmarriedD.what,sthepurposetocarryoutthisproject39 .（无锡市锡山高级中学实验学校2022年中考英语模试题）2.Neverdoanythingbadbecauseyouthinkit'stoosmall.Youneverknowitcanlead.A.howB.whatC.whereD.when40 .（无锡市锡山高级中学实验学校2022年中考英语模试题）9.Thoughthingsaregoingsmoothlynow,scientistsarestillindoubt.A. thatpeoplewiththeviruscanbecuredB.wheredidtheviruscomefromC.ifthevirusisinfluencedbytheweatherD.howma