美国名人女演员杰西卡·坦迪.docx

美国名人女演员杰西卡坦迪JessicaTandy,1909-1994:ShePerformedinMorethan100PlaysandMoviesplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:23repeatByNancySteinbach2008-9-6VOICEONE:mShirleyGriffith.VOICETWO:AndmRichKleinfeldtwiththeSpecialEnglishprogram,PeopleinAmerica.Today,wetellthestoryOfJessicaTandywhodiedinnineteenninety-four.Shewonmanyawardsforheractingduringthealmostseventyyearssheperformed.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:JessicaTandyin"DrivingMissDaisy"JessicaTandyprobablyisbestknownforwinninganAcademyAwardinnineteeneighty-nineforthemovie"DrivingMissDaisy."Shewastheoldestpersontohavewontheaward.Butformanyyears,shehadreceivedpraiseforhergreatperformances.Tandyappearedinmorethanonehundredstageshows,twenty-fivemoviesandonmanytelevisionprogramsduringhersixty-sevenyearsofacting.MostofherperformanceswereintheUnitedStates,althoughshedidnotbecomeanAmericancitizenuntilnineteenfifty-four.VOICETWO:JessicaTandywasborninLondon,Englandinnineteen-oh-nine.Herfatherdiedwhenshewastwelveyearsold.Hermothertaughtandtookotherjobsatnighttomakeextramoneyforherthreechildren.Jessica'solderbrothersshowedaninterestinthetheater.TheywouldputonshowsintheirLondonhome.Jessicasaidlaterthatshewasterribleinallofthem.Butshesaidtakingpartinthoseplaysasachildcreatedadesireinhertobesomeoneelse.VOICEONE:Jessicalovedgoingtothetheater.AndshelovedBritishwriterWilliamShakespeare.Yearslater;sheactedinmanyofShakespeare'splays,withgreatactorslikeJohnGielgudandLawrenceOlivier.Thisloveofthetheaterledhertoattendanactingschoolinnineteentwenty-four.Whenshewaseighteenyearsold,sheperformedinherfirstplay.Itwascalled"TheMandersonGirls."Shedidnotearnenoughmoneytopayforthefivedifferentdressesshehadtowearintheplay.Shesolvedtheproblembysewingthemherself.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:JessicaTandyalwaysthoughtshewasplain-looking.Sodidmosttheaterprofessionals.Shesaidpeopleinthetheaterknewshewasagoodactress,butdidnotbelieveshewasprettyenoughtobeasuccess.Shenotedthattheysaid:"Sheisplainbutonthestageshelooksallright."PicturesofJessicaTandydonotsuggestthatthisistrue.Shejustlookeddifferentfromtheleadingwomenactorsoftheday.Later;shesaidthatitwasgoodthatshewasnotconsideredpretty.Shesaidshegotmoreinterestingpartsthatway.VOICEONE:Innineteenthirty-two,criticsinLondonrecognizedhergreatactingskillinherperformanceintheplay"ChildreninUniform."Thatpartgaveherwhatshesaidwasoneofthemomentsshelovedmostinthetheater.Shesaidatoneperformance,peoplewatchingweresomovedtheycontinuedtositquietlywhentheplayended.Thatsameyear,shemarriedactorJackHawkins.Theyhadadaughter,Susan.TandycontinuedtoworkinthetheaterinLondon.Bynineteenforty,hermarriagewasending.SoshetookherdaughterandmovedtotheUnitedStatestoescapeWorldWarTwo.InNewYorkCity,shemetayoungactornamedHumeCronyn.TwoyearslatertheymarriedandmovedtoHollywood.Bynineteenforty-five,theyhadtwochildren.VOICETWO:InCalifornia,HumeCronynwasgettinggoodpartsinmovies.ButTandywasnot.Shegotonlysmallparts,whenshegotthematall.ShesaidtheproducersinHollywooddidnottakeherseriouslyasanactress.Shebegantofeellikeafailure.JessicaTandywasconsideringnotactinganymore.Butthenherhusbanddidsomethingthatchangedherlife.HegavehertheleadpartinaplayhewasdirectinginLosAngeles.Itwas"PortraitofaMadonna"byTennesseeWilliams.Sheplayedalonelywoman.Criticspraisedher.TennesseeWilliamscametoLosAngelesfromNewYorkjusttoseeherintheshow.Hesaidlaterthatheknewhehadfoundtheactresstoplaytheleadinhisnewplay,"AStreetcarNamedDesire.,ThatplayopenedinNewYorkinnineteenforty-seven.JessicaTandy,MarlonBrandoandKimHunterwerethestars.ItwonaPulitzerPrizeandmanyotherawards.TandywonthefirstofherfourTonyawardsforbestactressinaplay.Onedirectorsaidthatshewasfullofsurprises.Hesaidthatshealwaysdidthingsbetterthanexpected.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:TandyandCronynintheplay"TheFourposter"Duringthenineteenfifties,JessicaTandyandHumeCronynbeganworkingtogetherintheatersinNewYorkCity.TheirfirstappearancetogetherinamajorBroadwaytheaterwasthehitplay"TheFourposter,"Throughtheyears,theyappearedtogetherinnineotherplaysonBroadway,including"ADelicateBalance/'"TheGinGame"and"Foxfire.',TheirlastBroadwayappearancetogetherwasin"ThePetition"innineteeneighty-six.TandyalsoworkedwithherhusbandinlocaltheatersacrosstheUnitedStates.Theylikeddoingitbecausetheyhadachancetoplaypartsintheolderwell-knownplays.Innineteensixty-three,forexample,MissTandyplayedGertrudeinShakespeare's"Hamlet'OlgainAntonChekhov's"TheThreeSisters,"andthewifeofWillyLomaninArthurMiller's"DeathofaSalesman."ShealsoactedinplaysintheShakespearefestivalsinStratford,ConnecticutandinStratford,Ontario,Canada.VOICETWO:JessicaTandysaidshehatedseeingherselfinthemovies.Shesaidsheneverwasassatisfiedmakingmoviesasshewasworkinginthetheater.Butshethoughtitwasimportanttoaccepttheactingjobsthatwereoffered.Ithelpedpayexpenseswhensheperformedinsmalltheatersforlesspay.TandyplayedHumeCronyn,swifeinfourmoviesduringthenineteeneighties,including"Cocoon"and"BatteriesnotIncluded."Innineteenninety-two,sheplayedanoldwomaninthemovie,"FriedGreenTomatoes."Butsheneverreallythoughtofherselfasamovieactress.PerhapsthatwasbecauseofherexperienceearlierwhenshewasnotacceptedinHollywood.Evenafterhersuccessintheplay"AStreetcarNamedDesire,"Hollywoodproducersdidnotchoosehertobeinthemovie.VivienLeighreplacedherinthepartofBlancheDubois.TandysaidshewassurprisedwhenshewontheAcademyAwardfor"DrivingMissDaisy."Shesaidthenthatthewonderfulpartshehadmadeupforherlackofexperienceinmovies.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:JessicaTandyandHumeCronynweremarriedforfifty-twoyears.Duringtheiryearsofactingtogether,theywonalmosteveryculturalawardpossible.Innineteeneighty-six,theywontheKennedycenterlifetimeachievementaward.Innineteenninety,PresidentGeorgeBushpresentedtheNationalMedalofArttothem.Afewmonthsbeforeshedied,TandyandCronynwerehonoredwithaspecialTonyAwardfortheirworkintheBroadwaytheater.Reportersalwayswereaskingthemhowtheywereabletoworksocloselytogetherforsolong.Tandysaidtheyneverdiscussedtheirworkathome.Shesaidtheyalwayshonoredeachother'sideasiftheydidnotagreeaboutsomething.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:TandyandCronyntogetherinthetelevisionmovie"Foxfire"JessicaTandysufferedfromstagefrightthatbecameworseasshegrewolder.Itmadeherfeelsickbeforeaperformance.Yetherhusbandsaidshewasatherbestwhenshewasworking.Shewasingreatdemandasshegrewolder.Tandytookgoodpartsandbadones.Shealwayssaidapersonisricherfordoingthings.Ifyouwaitforthegreatestpart,youwillwaitalongtimeandyourskillswilldecrease,shesaid.Youcannotbeanactorwithoutacting.Tandywasanactoruntiltheend.Shehadproblemswithhereyesandherheart.Yettheydidnotslowherdown.Innineteeneighty-eight,shewonanEmmyAwardforatelevisionmovieoftheplay"Foxfire."Threeyearslater;JessicaTandyhadacanceroperation.Butshecontinuedworking.Shedidnotletherpainlessentheeffectivenessofherperformance.Sheappearedinmoretelevisionmoviesintheyearsbeforeherdeath.AndshemadeseveralmoviesthatwerereleasedaftershediedSeptembereleventh,nineteenninety-four.Shewaseighty-five.VOICEONE:JessicaTandysaidasanactorherjobwasgettingthebestoutofwhatthewriterexpressedintheplayormovie.Thecriticssaidshedid.Theysaidshealwayswasabletoshowdeepmeaninginthepeoplesheplayed.Onecriticwrotethatshewassuchagoodactorthatonlypoets,notcritics,shouldbepermittedtowriteabouther.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:ThisSpecialEnglishprogramwaswrittenbyNancySteinbachandproducedbyLawanDavis.mRichKleinfeldt.VOICEONE:AndmShirleyGriffith.ListenagainnextweekforanotherPeopleinAmericaprogramontheVoiceofAmerica.