美国名人演员马龙·白兰度.docx

美国名人演员马龙白兰度MarlonBrando,1924-2004:OneoftheGreatestActorsofAllTimeplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:37repeatByCatyWeaver2008-11-15VOICEONE:mFaithLapidus.VOICETWO:And,mSteveEmberwithPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.Today,wetellaboutactorMarlonBrando.Manycriticssayhewasthegreatestactorofalltime.Andmanyactorssayheinfluencedthemmorethananyotherpersoninthefilmindustry.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:MarlonBrandoTherewasnopublicservicetohonorMarlonBrandowhenhediedintwothousandfourattheageofeighty.Theactor'ssister,JocelynBrando,saidhewouldhavehatedsuchanevent.Thefamilyheldasmallprivateceremonyinstead.Brandodidnotseekpublicattentionwhenhewasalive.Heprotectedhisprivatelife.Buthewasahugestar.This,combinedwithhispersonaltragediesandhispolitics,madehimaspecialtargetofthepress.VOICETWO:MarlonBrandowasborninOmaha,Nebraskainnineteentwenty-four.Hewasnamedafterhisfather;asalesman,buthisfamilycalledhimBud.Hismother,Dorothy,wasanactressinthelocaltheater.Hehadtwooldersisters.MarlonBrando'schildhoodwasnothappy.Hisparentsdranktoomuchalcoholandarguedoften.DorothyBrandoblamedherhusbandforthefailureofheractingcareer.TheolderMarlonBrandodidnothaveagoodrelationshipwithhisson.Inabookabouthislife,theactorwrotethathisfatherneverhadanythinggoodtosayabouthisson.TheBrandosmovedmanytimeswhenMarlonwasyoung.Hisparentsseparatedwhenhewaseleven,buttheyre-unitedaftertwoyears.YoungMarlonwasalwaysgettingintotroubleatschool.HisfatherdecidedtosendhimtoamilitaryschoolinMinnesota.Marlondidnotdowellinclassesthere.Buthedidfindsupportforhisinterestintheater.Adramateacherurgedhimtobeginactinginplaysthereandhedid.Buthewasexpelledfromtheschoolforgettingintotrouble.VOICETWO:MarlonBrandomovedtoNewYorkCitywhenhewasnineteenyearsoldinnineteenforty-three.HetookactingclassesattheNewSchoolforSocialResearch.OneofhisteacherswasStellaAdler;whotaughtthe"Method"styleofrealisticacting.TheMethodteachesactorshowtousetheirownmemoriesandemotionstoidentifywiththecharacterstheyareplaying.MarlonBrandolearnedtheMethodstylequicklyandeasily.CriticssayhewasprobablythegreatestMethodactorever.Onefamousactresscommentedonhisnaturalabilityforit.ShesaidteachingMarlonBrandotheMethodwaslikesendingatigertojungleschool.MarlonBrandoin"AStreetcarNamedDesire"MarlonBrandoappearedinseveralplays.HegothisfirstmajorpartinaBroadwayplayinnineteenforty-seven,attheageoftwenty-three.HereceivedgreatpraiseforhispowerfulperformanceasStanleyKowalskiintheTennesseeWilliamsplay,"AStreetcarNamedDesire."Hisfamegrewwhenheactedthesamepartinthemovieversion,releasedinnineteenfifty-one.Brandoplaysanangryworking-classman.Hiswife'ssister,Blanche,comestovisittheminNewOrleans,Louisiana.Blanche'sfamilyusedtoberichlandownersbuttheylostalltheirproperty.Nowsheismentallyunstable.StanleytreatsBlancheunkindlyandinsultsher.Here,hetellsBlanchewhathethinksaboutwomen.STANLEY:"Idon'tgoinforthatstuff."BLANCHE:"Whatstuff?"STANLEY:"Complimentstowomenabouttheirlooks.Inevermetadameyetdidn'tknowifshewasgood-lookin'ornotwithoutbein'told.Andthere'ssomeofthemthatgivethemselvescreditformorethanthey'vegot.Ioncewentoutwithadamewhotoldme,Tmtheglamoroustype'.shesays'Iamtheglamoroustype.'Isays,sowhat?"'BLANCHE:"Andwhatdidshesaythen?"STANLEY:"Shedidn'tsaynothin'.Ishutheruplikeaclam."Streetcar"wasBrando'ssecondfilm.HewasnominatedforanAcademyAwardfortheperformance.HewasnominatedforOscarsforhisnexttwofilmsaswell.Innineteenfifty-twoheplayedMexicanrevolutionaryleaderEmilianoZapatainthemovie"VivaZapata."ThefollowingyearheplayedMarcAntonyin"JuliusCaesar."In"OntheWaterfront"MarlonBrandodidnotwinanOscarforBestActoruntilnineteenfifty-fourforthemovie"OntheWaterfront."Manycriticsconsiderithisfinestperformance.Thefilm'sdirector;EliaKazan,saiditwasthebestperformancebyamaleactorinthehistoryoffilm.BrandoplaysTerryMalloy,afailedboxer.Heinformsonorganizedcrimeleaders,includinghisbrother;Charlie.HisbrotherhadmadehimlosefightsonpurposesoCharliecouldmakemoneygamblingonthefights.Butnow,Terryexpresseshisregretsaboutlosingthefights.TERRYMALLOY:"Youdon'tunderstand.Icouldahadclass.Icouldabeenacontender.IcouldabeensomebodyinsteadofabumwhichiswhatIam.Let'sfaceit."VOICETWO:MarlonBrandoactedinaboutfortymovies.HewasnominatedforatotalofeightAcademyAwards.Inhismovies,heplayedaJapanesetranslator,aGermanNazimilitaryofficerandthefatherofSuperman.Heevensanginamoviemusicalcalled"GuysandDolls."Hisreallifewasascolorfulashismanymoviecharacters.Hislovelifewasespeciallyactive.HemarriedactressAnnaKashfiinnineteenfifty-seven.Themarriagehadproblemsfromthestart.Theirchild,asonnamedChristian,wasbornafewmonthsaftertheymarried.Theyseparatedthenextyear.Innineteensixt½BrandomarriedMovitaCastenada,aMexican-Americanactress.Theyhadtwochildrenbeforetheyseparatedinnineteensixty-two.Thesameyear,hemarriedaTahitianactress,Tarita.Thetwohadmetwhilefilmingthemovie"MutinyOntheBounty."Brando'smarriagetoTaritalastedtenyears.ButhisloveofTahitineverended.Innineteensixty-six,heboughtasmallislandnearTahiti.BrandodividedhistimebetweenhisislandandhishomeinCaliforniafortherestofhislife.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:CriticssayMarlonBrandobegantosufferprofessionallyduringandafterhisworkon"MutinyontheBounty."Hollywooddirectorsandproducersconsideredhimdifficulttoworkwith.Somecriticssaidtheactorappearedtobetiredofacting.Butthatchangedinnineteenseventy-twowhenBrandoappearedin"TheGodfather."Atfirst,thefilmstudioofficialsdidnotwantBrandointhemovie.Butthedirector,FrancisFordCoppola,chosehimforthepart.Thefilmwasamajorcriticalandfinancialsuccess.BrandowaspraisedforhisperformanceastheGodfather,VitoCorleone,thepowerfulheadofacriminalorganizationinNewYorkCity.HespeakstoamanwhowantstheGodfathertohavesomeonekilled.VITOCORLEONE:"Ifyou'dcometomeinfriendshipthenthisscumthatruinedyourdaughterwouldbesufferingthisveryday.Andifbychanceanhonestmanlikeyourselfshouldmakeenemies,thentheywouldbecomemyenemies.Andthentheywouldfearyou."VOICETWO:MarlonBrandowontheBestActorOscarfor"TheGodfather."Butherejectedit.HesentawomannamedSasheenLittlefeathertospeakforhimattheAcademyAwardsceremony.ShesaidthatBrandocouldnotaccepttheawardbecauseofthewaytheAmericanfilmindustrytreatedNativeAmericans.ThepeopleattheAcademyAwardsceremonydidnotlikethespeech.ButsomeexpertsthinktheactionhelpedchangethewayAmericanIndianswereshowninmovies.MarlonBrandowasalsoactiveinthecivilrightsmovement.Hespokeoutagainstracismoftenandforcefully.Hemarchedindemonstrations.Andhegavemoneytocivilrightsgroups.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:MarlonBrandohadtwofamilytragedies.Innineteenninety,hisson,Christian,shotandkilledaTahitianmanatthefamily'shomeinCalifornia.Thevictim,DagDrolletzwastheboyfriendofBrando'sdaughter,Cheyenne.ChristianBrandosaidthekillingwasaccidental.Hewasfoundguiltyofresponsibilityinthedeathandservedalmostfiveyearsinprison.Duringthetrial,MarlonBrandotoldthecourtthatheandAnnaKashfihadfailedChristianasparents.HealsoapologizedtotheDrolletfamilyandsaidhewishedhecouldtradeplaceswiththeirson.VOICETWO:Innineteenninety-five,MarlonBrando'sdaughterCheyennekilledherself.Shehadstruggledwithmentalproblemsandwasstilldepressedaboutthekillingofherboyfriend.MarlonBrandonevermadepublicstatementsaboutthedeathofhisdaughter.Butreportssaidheblamedhimself.Hedidnotattendhisdaughter'sfuneralinTahiti.Inthefollowingnineyears,hemadejustfourmoremovies.Andthepartsheplayedweresmall.ButhisinfluenceontheAmericanfilmindustrywashuge.WhenMarlonBrandodied,manyfamousactorsexpressedregret.Oneofthemsaidsimply:,'Hewasthebest."(MUSIC)VOICETWO:ThisprogramwaswrittenandproducedbyCatyWeaver.mSteveEmber.VOICEONE:AndmFaithLapidus.JoinusagainnextweekforanotherPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.