【中英文对照版】网络反不正当竞争暂行规定.docx

网络反不正当竞争暂行规定（2024年5月6日国家市场监督管理总局令第91号公布自2024年9月1日起施行）第一章总则第一条为了预防和制止网络不正当竞争行为，维护公平竞争的市场秩序，鼓励创新，保护经营者和消费者的合法权益，促进数字经济规范持续健康发展，根据中华人民共和国反不正当竞争法（以网络反不正当竞争暂行规定InterimProvisionsonAnti-UnfairCompetitionontheInternet制定机关：国家市场监督管理总局发文字号：国家市场监督管理总局令第91号公布日期：2024.05.06施行日期：2024.09.01效力位阶：部门规章法规类别：反不正当竞争IssuingAuthority：StateAdministrationforMarketRegulationDocumentNumber：OrderNo.91oftheStateAdministrationforMarketRegulationDateIssued：05-06-2024EffectiveDate：09-01-20241.evelofAuthority：DepartmentalRulesAreaof1.aw：Anti-UnfairCompetitionInterimProvisionsonAnti-UnfairCompetitionontheInternet(IssuedbyOrderNo.91oftheStateAdministrationforMarketRegulationonMay6,2024andshallcomeintoforceonSeptember1,2024)ChapterIGeneralProvisionsArticle1ForthepurposesofpreventinganddeterringactsofunfaircompetitionontheInternet,maintainingthemarketorderoffaircompetition,encouraginginnovation,protectingthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofoperatorsandconsumers,andpromotingthestandardized,sustainableandsounddevelopmentofthedigitaleconomy,theseProvisionsaredevelopedinaccordancewiththeAnti-UnfairCompetition1.awofthePeople'sRepublicofChina(hereinafterreferredtoastheuAnti-UnfairCompetition1.aw),theE-commerce1.awofthePeople'sRepublicofChina(hereinafterreferredtoastheuE-commerce1.aw")andotherlawsandadministrativeregulations.Article2Operatorsareencouragedandsupportedincarryingoutbusinessactivitiesinaccordancewiththelawandparticipatinginmarketcompetitionfairly.BusinessoperatorscarryingoutproductionandbusinessactivitiesthroughtheInternetandotherinformationnetworks(hereinafterreferredtoas“networks")shallfollowtheprinciplesofvoluntariness,equality,fairnessandgoodfaith,complywithlaws,regulations,andobservebusinessethics.BusinessoperatorsshallnotconductactsofunfaircompetitionontheInternet,disrupttheorderofmarketcompetition,affectfairmarkettransactions,orharmthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofotherbusinessoperatorsorconsumers.Article3TheStateAdministrationforMarketRegulationisresponsibleforsupervisingandguidingtheanti-unfaircompetitionontheInternetacrossthecountry,andorganizingtheinvestigationintoandhandlingofcasesofunfaircompetitionontheInternetwithmajorimpactacrossthecountry.1.ocalmarketregulationdepartmentsatorabovethecountylevelshallinvestigateintoandhandleactsofunfaircompetitionontheInternetaccordingtothelaw.下简称反不正当竞争法）、中华人民共和国电子商务法（以下简称电子商务法）等法律、行政法规，制定本规定。第二条鼓励和支持经营者依法开展经营活动，公平参与市场竞争。经营者通过互联网等信息网络（以下简称网络）从事生产经营活动，应当遵循自愿、平等、公平、诚信的原则，遵守法律法规规章，遵守商业道德。经营者不得实施网络不正当竞争行为，扰乱市场竞争秩序，影响市场公平交易，损害其他经营者或者消费者的合法权益O第三条国家市场监督管理总局负责监督指导全国网络反不正当竞争工作，组织查处全国范围内有重大影响的网络不正当竞争案件。县级以上地方市场监督管理部门依法对网络不正当竞争行为进行查处。市场监督管理部门在查处违法行为过程中，应当坚持依法行Intheprocessofinvestigatingintoandhandlingillegalacts,themarketregulationdepartmentsshallinsistonlaw-basedadministrationandensurestrict,standardized,fairandcivilizedlawenforcement.Article4Themarketregulationdepartmentshall,inconjunctionwiththememberentitiesoftheanti-unfaircompetitioncoordinationmechanism,implementthemajorpoliciesandmeasuresforanti-unfaircompetitionontheInternet,studythemajorproblemsofanti-unfaircompetitionontheInternet,jointlyinvestigateintoandhandlemajorcases,andjointlypromotecomprehensivegovernance.Thememberentitiesoftheanti-unfaircompetitioncoordinationmechanismshall,inaccordancewiththedivisionofduties,strengthenthemanagementofthefinance,media,telecommunicationsandotherindustriesinaccordancewiththelaw,andtakeeffectivemeasurestopreventanddeteractsofunfaircompetitionintheInternet.Article5Thestateencourages,supportsandprotectsallorganizationsandindividualstoconductsocialsupervisionoveractsofunfaircompetitionontheInternet.ForsuspectedactsofunfaircompetitionontheInternet,anyentityorindividualhastherighttosubmitatip-offtothemarketregulationdepartmentaccordingtothelaw,andthemarketregulationdepartmentshallhandleitinatimelymannerafterreceivingthetip-off.Tradeorganizationsshallstrengthenindustryselfregulation,andguideandstandardizemembers'competitionaccordingtothelawandregulations.政，保证严格、规范、公正、文明执法。第四条市场监督管理部门应当会同反不正当竞争工作协调机制各成员单位，贯彻落实网络反不正当竞争重大政策措施，研究网络反不正当竞争工作重大问题，联合查处重大案件，协同推进综合治理。反不正当竞争工作协调机制各成员单位应当按照职责分工，依法加强金融、传媒、电信等行业管理，采取有效措施，预防和制止网络不正当竞争行为。第五条国家鼓励、支持和保护一切组织和个人对网络不正当竞争行为进行社会监督。对涉嫌网络不正当竞争行为，任何单位和个人有权依法向市场监督管理部门举报，市场监督管理部门接到举报后应当及时处理。行业组织应当加强行业自律，引导、规范会员依法合规竞争。第六条平台经营者应当加强对平台内竞争行为的规范管理，发现平台内经营者采取Article6Platformoperatorsshallstrengthenthestandardizedmanagementofcompetitionbehaviorsontheplatform,andshalltakenecessaryhandlingmeasuresandkeeprelevantrecordsinatimelymanner,andreporttothemarketregulationdepartmentatorabovethecountylevelwheretheplatformoperatorislocatedaccordingtotheprovisions,iftheyfindthatoperatorsontheplatformadoptunfaircompetitionmethods,illegallysellcommoditiesandprovideservices,orinfringeuponthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofconsumers.Therecordsshallbekeptforaperiodofnotlessthanthreeyearsfromthedatewherethedisposalmeasuresaretaken.ChapterIlActsofUnfairCompetitionontheInternetArticle7OperatorsshallnotusetheInternettoconductthefollowingactsofconfusion,causingpeopletomistakenlythinkthattheyareotherpeople'scommodities(commoditiesreferredtointheseProvisionsincludeservices)orhavespecificconnectionwithothers:(1) Unauthorizeduseofthesameorsimilarlogoofthemainpartofthedomainname,thenameofthewebsite,thewebpage,etc.,onwhichothershaveacertaininfluence.(2) Arbitrarilyusingthecommodityname,enterprisename(includingabbreviation,brand,etc.),socialorganizationname(includingabbreviation,etc.),name(includingpenname,stagename,translatedname,etc.)onwhichothershavecertaininfluenceasthemainpartofthedomainnameandothernetworkbusinessactivities.不正当竞争方式，违法销售商品、提供服务，或者侵害消费者合法权益的行为，应当及时采取必要的处置措施，保存有关记录，并按规定向平台经营者住所地县级以上市场监督管理部门报告。记录保存时间自作出处置措施之日起计算，不少于三年。第二章网络不正当竞争行为第七条经营者不得利用网络实施下列混淆行为，引人误以为是他人商品（本规定所称商品包括服务）或者与他人存在特定联系：（一）擅自使用与他人有一定影响的域名主体部分、网站名称、网页等相同或者近似的标识；（二）擅自将他人有一定影响的商品名称、企业名称（包括简称、字号等）、社会组织名称（包括简称等）、姓名（包括笔名、艺名、译名等）作为域名主体部分等网络经营活动标识；（三）擅自使用与他人有一定影响的应用软件、网店、客户端、小程序、公众号、游戏界(3) Unauthorizeduseofthesameorsimilarlogoofthepagedesign,name,icon,shape,etc.oftheapplicationsoftware,onlinestore,Client,miniprogram,officialaccount,gameinterface,etc.,onwhichothershavecertaininfluence.面等的页面设计、名称、图标、形状等相同或者近似的标识；(4)Unauthorizeduseofnetworknicknames,networksymbols,networkabbreviationsandotheridentificationsonwhichothershavecertaininfluence.（四）擅自使用他人有一定影响的网络代称、网络符号、网络简称等标识；(5)Productionandsaleofcommoditiesthataresufficienttocausepeopletomistakenlythinkthattheyarecommoditiesofothersorhavespecificconnectionwithothers.（五）生产销售足以引人误认为是他人商品或者与他人存在特定联系的商品；(6)Byprovidingconvenientconditionssuchasnetworkbusinesssites,jointlyconductingactsofconfusionwithotherbusinessoperators.（六）通过提供网络经营场所等便利条件，与其他经营者共同实施混淆行为；(7)Otheractsofconfusionconductedbyusingthenetwork,whicharesufficienttocausepeopletomistakenlythinkthattheyarecommoditiesofothersorhavespecificconnectionwithothers.（七）其他利用网络实施的足以引人误认为是他人商品或者与他人存在特定联系的混淆行为。Theactofsettingacommerciallogoonwhichothershavecertaininfluenceasasearchkeywordwithoutauthorization,whichissufficienttocausepeopletomistakenlythinkthattheyarecommoditiesofothersorhavespecificconnectionwithothers,belongstotheactofconfusionspecifiedintheprecedingparagraph.擅自将他人有一定影响的商业标识设置为搜索关键词，足以引人误认为是他人商品或者与他人存在特定联系的，属于前款规定的混淆行为。Article8Abusinessoperatorshallnotconductfalseormisleadingcommercialpublicityofcommodityproducersandbusinessentitiesaswellascommodityperformance,function,quality,source,previoushonors,qualifications,etc.todeceiveormisleadconsumersortherelevant第八条经营者不得采取下列方式，对商品生产经营主体以及商品性能、功能、质量、来源、曾获荣誉、资格资质等作虚假或者引人误解的商业宣传，欺骗、误导消费者或者相关公众:publicbythefollowingmethods:（一）通过网站、客户端、小程序、公众号等进行展示、演示、说明、解释、推介或者文字标注；(1) Display,demonstration,explanation,interpretation,promotionortextannotationthroughwebsites,Clients,miniprograms,officialaccounts,etc.（二）通过直播、平台推荐、网络文案等方式，实施商业营销活动；(2) Carryingoutcommercialmarketingactivitiesbylivestreaming,platformrecommendation,onlinecopywriting,andothermeans.（三）通过热搜、热评、热转、榜单等方式，实施商业营销活动；(3) Carryingoutcommercialmarketingactivitiesthroughtopsearch,ravereview,toptransfer,list,etc.（四）其他虚假或者引人误解的商业宣传。(4) Otherfalseormisleadingcommercialpublicity.经营者不得帮助其他经营者实施前款虚假或者引人误解的商业宣传行为。Businessoperatorsshallnotassistotherbusinessoperatorsinconductingfalseormisleadingcommercialpublicityactsmentionedintheprecedingparagraph.第九条经营者不得实施下列行为，对商品生产经营主体以及商品销售状况、交易信息、经营数据、用户评价等作虚假或者引人误解的商业宣传，欺骗、误导消费者或者相关公众：Article9Abusinessoperatorshallnotconductthefollowingacts,orconductfalseormisleadingcommercialpublicityofcommodityproducersandbusinessentities,commoditysalesstatus,transactioninformation,businessoperationdata,userevaluation,etc.,todeceiveormisleadconsumersortherelevantpublic:（一）虚假交易、虚假排名;(1) Falsetransactionsandfalserankings.（二）虚构交易额、成交量、(2) Fictitioustransactionvolume,turnover,reservationvolumeandotherdataandinformationrelatedtobusinessoperation.预约量等与经营有关的数据信息；(3)Marketingbyfalselyclaimingspotgoods,makingfictitiousreservations,orfalsepanicpurchase.（三）采用谎称现货、虚构预订、虚假抢购等方式进行营销；(4)Fabricatinguserevaluation,orusingmisleadingdisplayandothermeanstohidebadreviews,placingpositivereviewsfirstandbadreviewslater,andnotsignificantlydistinguishingreviewsofdifferentproducts.（四）编造用户评价，或者采用误导性展示等方式隐匿差评、将好评前置、差评后置、不显著区分不同商品的评价等；(5)Enticinguserstomakedesignatedpraise,offer“likes,"conductdirectionalvotingandotherinteractiveactsbyusingcashrebates,redenvelopes,cardcouponsandothermethods.（五）以返现、红包、卡券等方式利诱用户作出指定好评、点赞、定向投票等互动行为；(6)Fabricatingtrafficdatasuchasthenumberoffavorites,clicks,attention,likes,reads,subscriptions,andforwards.（六）虚构收藏量、点击量、关注量、点赞量、阅读量、订阅量、转发量等流量数据；(7)Fabricatinginteractivedatasuchasvotes,listening,viewing,playing,boxoffice,andaudiencerating.（七）虚构投票量、收听量、观看量、播放量、票房、收视率等互动数据；(8)Fabricatingeducationandtrainingeffectssuchasenrollmentrates,passingrates,andemploymentrates.（八）虚构升学率、考试通过率、就业率等教育培训效果；(9)Marketingbyfalsifyingpublicpraise,fabricatingtopics,creatingfalsehotspotsofpublicopinions,andfabricatingtheincomeofnetworkemployees.（九）采用伪造口碑、炮制话题、制造虚假舆论热点、虚构网络就业者收入等方式进行营销；（十）其他虚假或者引人误解(10)Otherfalseormisleadingcommercialpublicity的商业宣传行为。activities.经营者不得通过组织虚假交易、组织虚假排名等方式，帮助其他经营者实施前款虚假或者引人误解的商业宣传行为。Businessoperatorsshallnotassistotherbusinessoperatorsinconductingfalseormisleadingcommercialpublicityactsmentionedintheprecedingparagraphbyorganizingfalsetransactions,organizingfalserankings,etc.第十条经营者不得采用财物或者其他手段，贿赂平台工作人员、对交易有影响的单位或者个人，以谋取交易机会或者在流量、排名、跟帖服务等方面的竞争优势。Article 10 Businessoperatorsshallnotusepropertyorothermeanstobribeplatformstaffmembers,entitiesorindividualsthathaveinfluenceontransactions,toseektransactionopportunitiesorcompetitiveadvantagesintermsoftraffic,ranking,andfollow-upservices.前款所称的财物，包括现金、物品、网络虚拟财产以及礼券、基金、股份、债务免除等其他财产权益。Thepropertymentionedintheprecedingparagraphincludescash,articles,virtualnetworkpropertyandotherpropertyrightsandinterestssuchasgiftcoupons,funds,sharesanddebtcancellation.第十一条经营者不得利用网络编造、传播虚假信息或者误导性信息，实施下列损害或者可能损害竞争对手的商业信誉、商品声誉的行为：Article 11 AnoperatorshallnotusetheInternettofabricateordisseminatefalseinformationormisleadinginformation,orconductthefollowingactsthatdamageormaydamagethecommercialreputationandcommodityreputationofcompetitors:（一）组织、指使他人对竞争对手的商品进行恶意评价；(1) Organizingorinstigatingotherstomakemaliciousevaluationsofcompetitors*commodities.（二）利用或者组织、指使他人通过网络散布虚假或者误导性信息；(2) Utilizing,organizingorinstigatingotherstospreadfalseormisleadinginformationthroughtheInternet.（三）利用网络传播含有虚假(3) UsingtheInternettodisseminateriskwarnings,或者误导性信息的风险提示、告客户书、警告函或者举报信等；letterstocustomer,warninglettersortip-offscontainingfalseormisleadinginformation.（四）其他编造、传播虚假或者误导性信息，损害竞争对手商业信誉、商品声誉的行为。(4) Otheractsoffabricatingorspreadingfalseormisleadinginformationtodamagethebusinessreputationandcommodityreputationofcompetitors.客户端、小程序、公众号运营者以及提供跟帖评论服务的组织或者个人，不得故意与经营者共同实施前款行为。AnoperatorofaClient,miniprogram,andofficialaccount,andanorganizationorindividualprovidingcommentservicesshallnotintentionallyandjointlyconducttheactsmentionedintheprecedingparagraphwiththeoperator.本条所称的商业信誉，是指经营者在商业活动中的信用和名誉，包括相关公众对该经营者的资信状况、商业道德、技术水平、经济实力等方面的评价。Theterm“businessreputationasmentionedinthisarticlereferstothecreditandreputationofthebusinessoperatorinthebusinessactivities,includingtheevaluationoftherelevantpubliconthebusinessoperator'screditstatus,businessethics,technicallevel,economicstrength,etc.本条所称的商品声誉，是指商品在质量、品牌等方面的美誉度和知名度。Thetermltreputationofcommoditiesasmentionedinthisarticlereferstothereputationandpopularityofcommoditiesintermsofquality,brand,etc.第十二条经营者不得利用互联网、大数据、算法等技术手段，通过影响用户选择或者其他方式，实施流量劫持、干扰、恶意不兼容等行为，妨碍、破坏其他经营者合法提供的网络产品或者服务正常运行。Article12AbusinessoperatorshallnotusetheInternet,bigdata,algorithmsorothertechnicalmeanstoaffectusers*choicesorbyothermeanstoconducttraffichijacking,interference,maliciousincompatibilityandotheractstoimpedeordestroythenormalbusinessoperationofnetworkproductsorserviceslawfullyprovidedbyotherbusinessoperators.前款所称的影响用户选择，包Thetermuaffectusers'choiceasmentionedinthe括违背用户意愿和选择权、增加操作复杂性、破坏使用连贯性等。precedingparagraphincludesagainstusers*W川andchoice,increasingthecomplexityofoperation,anddamagingthecontinuityofuse.判定是否构成第一款规定的不正当竞争行为，应当充分考虑是否有利于技术创新和行业发展等因素。Indeterminingwhetheritconstitutesanactofunfaircompetitionasprovidedforinparagraph1,factorssuchaswhetheritisconducivetotechnologicalinnovationandindustrialdevelopmentshallbefullytakenintoaccount.第十三条未经其他经营者同意，经营者不得利用技术手段，实施下列插入链接或者强制进行目标跳转等行为，妨碍、破坏其他经营者合法提供的网络产品或者服务正常运行：Article13Withoutconsentofotherbusinessoperators,abusinessoperatorshallnotusetechnicalmeanstoconductthefollowingacts,suchasinsertinglinksorforcingtargetjumping,tohinderordestroythenormaloperationofnetworkproductsorserviceslawfullyprovidedbyotherbusinessoperators:（一）在其他经营者合法提供的网络产品或者服务中，插入跳转链接、嵌入自己或者他人的产品或者服务；(1) Insertingskiplinksorembeddingitsownorothers'productsorservicesinthenetworkproductsorserviceslawfullyprovidedbyotherbusinessoperators.（二）利用关键词联想、设置虚假操作选项等方式，设置指向自身产品或者服务的链接，欺骗或者误导用户点击；（三）其他插入链接或者强制(2) Usingkeywordassociation,settingfalseoperationoptions,etc.,tosetlinkstotheirownproductsorservices,todeceiveormisleaduserstoclick.(3) Otheractsofinsertinglinksorforcingtarget进行目标跳转的行为。jump.第十四条经营者不得利用技术手段，误导、欺骗、强迫用户修改、关闭、卸载其他经营者合法提供的设备、功能Article14Anoperatorshallnotusetechnicalmeanstomislead,deceiveorforceuserstomodify,shutdownoruninstallnetworkproductsorservicessuchasequipment,functionsorotherprogramslawfullyprovidedbyotheroperators.或者其他程序等网络产品或者服务。Article15Abusinessoperatorshallnotusetechnicalmeanstomaliciouslyconductincompatibilityfornetworkproductsorserviceslawfullyprovidedbyotherbusinessoperators.第十五条经营者不得利用技术手段，恶意对其他经营者合法提供的网络产品或者服务实施不兼容。Todeterminewhetheranoperatormaliciouslyconductsincompatibilityfornetworkproductsorserviceslawfullyprovidedbyotheroperators,thefollowingfactorsmaybecomprehensivelyconsidered:判定经营者是否恶意对其他经营者合法提供的网络产品或者服务实施不兼容，可以综合考虑以下因素：(1