24 脑岛的新角色、智能窗户清洁机器人Ozmo、海边的“教室”（解析版）.docx

中考时文阅读练习24中考时文阅读练习-脑岛的新角色型rHI读理解主题语境：卫生与健康语篇类型：说明文词数：268玳度：a建议用时:8分钟Awomanwhocouldn'tfeelhungryafteraStrokc(lIlK)mayhelpusimproveourunderstandingofoneareaofIhcbrain.The2X-ycar-oldCanadianwashospitalizedafterfeelingweakononesideofherbodyandhavingtroublespeaking.Theexaminationresultshowedthatshehadastrokeinabrainareacalledtheinsula(岛).Soonafter(hestroke.(hewomannoticedIhalsheneverfellhungryanymore,evenwhenshehadn'teatenforalongtime.Sheoftenforgotoeaandlostmore(hanIOkilograms.ThewomancouldstilltasteandsmellIhcfood,butoftenateabouthalfasmuchasusualbecauseshenolongerenjoyedeating.Evenchocolate.herfavoritefood.gavchernopleasure.Thewoman,shungerfinallycamebackabout12monthsafterIhes(rke.Theinsulaisoneof(he!eastunderstoodpartsofthebrain.Itworkswithotherpartsof(hebraintomakeafeelingofhungerthatencouragesCdIing."Thiswoman'sbrainwoulds<illhavebeenreceivingsignals(<11号)hatshewasmissingcalories,butbecauseofthedamagc(if)loherinsula,shewouldn'thavebeenawareofthem/saysYoav1.ivnchtheWeizmannInstituteofScienceinIsrael.Thisfindingcouldhelptofindnewwaystotreatobcsity(OEW).Forexample,itmayhepossibletousesomewaystosendsignalstotheinsulatopreventovereating.1.ivnchsays.Heagreesthatthisisapossibility.butSaySitwillbemoreimportantnotlodam<getheinsula'sotherfunclins(X½).I.Whydid(hewomanea(Iessjustafterthestroke?A.Shewasinabadmood.B.Shewastryingtoloseweight.C. Shewasadvisedtocatless.D. Shelosttheabilitytofeelhungry.2.Whathappenedtothewomanayearafterthestroke?A.Sheoftenforglsomething.B.Shecouldn'ttastethefood.C.Sheloseinterestinchocolate.D.Shecouldfeelhungryagain.3Vhatcanweknowabouttheinsula?A.Itiseasytobedamagedafterastroke.B.Itisthemostimportantpartofthebrain.C.Iltellsuswhenweshouldeatsmelhing.D.Ilmakesstrokepatientsdifficuhtosmell.4.Vhatwillthenewfindingprobablyhelpus(odo?A. Fightagainst(hestroke.B. Makeourbrainstronger.C. Goonahealthydiet.D. Dealwiththeobesityproblem.E. What'sthebesttitlefor(hepassage?A. NewTreatmentonStrokeB. Insula'sNcwly-FoundRoleC. SecretsIoFightObesityD. SomeResearchontheBrain【译文】位女子在中风后感觉不到饥饿，这种现象或许可以增进我们对大脑中的一个区域的了解.这位28岁的加农大女子在感觉侧身体无力和说话困难后,被送进了医院.检查结果显示，她大脑中一个叫独岛的区域发生了中风.中风后不久,这名女子注意到，她再也不觉得饿了,即使她很久不吃东西.也是如此,她经'常忘记吃饭，体就下降了10多公斤。她仍然能帔裳到和闻到食物的味道，但通用只吃以往，半的出，因为她不再享受吃饭的过程了。即使她巧克力曲最喜炊的食物，也不能让的快乐.这名女子的饥汲感在她中风约12个月后.终于月来了.脑岛是大脑中最不为人知的部分之一，它与大脑的其他部分一起【:作.制造刺激进食的饥没感.这位女士的大肽应该仍然在接收她正在失去卡路里的信号.但由于脑岛受损,她意识不到这些信号J以色列魏茨曼科学研究所的YOaV1.iVndI说,这发现可能H助于找到治疗肥胖的新方法。1.Nneh说，例如，我们或许可以用些方法向脑岛发送信号,以防止暴饮林食，他认为这是一种可能的侬押，但他说,更史要的是不要损古脑岛的其他功能.一位女士在中风后一年的时间里都没有饥饿感,这是因为她大脑中的独岛遭到了破坏.这起病例或许可以帮助我们找到治疔肥胖的新方法.【答案详析】1 .D细节理解题,根据笫,段中的“Awomanwhocouldn'tfeelhungryaflerastroke”以及第三段中的“Soonafterthestroke,thewomannoticedthatsheneverfellhungryanymoreevenwhenshehadn'tCalCnforalongtime可知，这位女十吃的比原来少了.是因为她中风后无法还觉到饥饿.2 .D细节理解题.根据第四段抽A；句“Thewoman'shungerfinallycamebackabout12monthsafterthestroke.-iJl.中风12个月之后,她的饥饿感又快现广.3 .C推理判断区.根掂倒数第二段第Jijrtworkswithothcrpartsofihchraintomakcafcclingofhungerthatencourageseating."'l.脑岛与大脑的其他部分-旭工作来产生饥饿感.从而剌澈人们去吃东西.4 .D细节J1F斛甥，根据破儿；段55一句"Thisfindingcouldhelptofindnewwaystotreatobesity."可知，这个新发现可能会堀助我们找到治疗肥胖的新方法，故D项正确。5 .B主旨大就避.通读全文可知，一位女士在中风后失去了饥饿感,检查结果显示这是因为她大脑中的独岛受到了损伤.研究人员认为这发现可能有助于找到治疗肥胖的新方法.故B攻”脑岛的新角色Ia适合作文章标他.中考时文阅读练习一智能窗户清洁机器人OZmoSrHl读理解主他语境：发明与技术语篇类型：说明文词数：295班度：立建议用H九9分钟,hcgrowthinSkySCraPCni（摩天大楼）worldwide.mostofwhichhavelargeglasswindows.hasledtoagreatneedforwindowwashers.Thoughthejob.whichCleaneroffersworkersasmuchas$35anhour,canbelucrative,manypeopleareafraid（o1.ikeit.asaccidentsirequitecommon.Now.IhedangerouschoremaysoonbedonebyOzmo.asmartwindowcleaningrobot,withhumanssupervising（监督）ontheground.Muchlikehumans,Ozmo,hangingoffthesidesofthebuilding.usesitsarmsandbrushes（ocleanthedustontheglass.A3Dmapofthebuildingprogrammedintoitssystemallowstherobottoskillfullymoveupanddown.ComputervisionandtouchSCnSOrS（传感S）enableittomoveoutofthewayineaseofunexperledevents,suchasthesuddenopeningofawindow.Andthe11）blwillself-correctandmovearoundinordernottobreakawindow.Unlikeotherwindowwashers.therobotcleanerdoesnotrequiresoaptocleantheglass.InstcadjtusespurifiedWater(纯冷水)andaprocesscalledreverseOSmOSi$(逆海透)todothejob.kisenvironmentallyfriendly.Whileittakesthreehumancleaners480hoursIoclean(hewindowsofa40-storyglassbuilding.therobotwillcomplete(hetaskinjust80hours.IlowevertOzmowillnottake(heplaceofhumanworkers,onlymakingIheirjobssafer,HunanworkerswillCoIMrOlIherobotfrombelow.WhetherOzmo.whichisstillbeingccstcd,docsasgoodajobashumansremainstobeseen.PasteffortscousearobottodothisdangerousjobhavenotbeenSucccssfukbccauscIhcmachinesdonothavethesameeyesashumansandoftenmissthedustcollectedonwindowcorners.I.Theunderlinedword,*lucrativc',inParagraph1means,fc"inChinese.A.蝶钱的B.出色的C安全的D.幸运的2.Paragraph2mainlytellsus.A.whereOzmocandoitsjobskillfullyB.howOzmoavoidsunexpectedeventsC.howOzmoworkstocleantheglasssmartlyD.whyOzmoismoreintelligentthanhumanworkers3.OznowillnothikeIheplaceofhumanworkersbecause.A.humanworkersdolhecleaningjobmorecarefullyB.itoftenmissesthedustcollectedonwindowcornersC.itusesenvironmentallyfriendlymaterialsincleaningD.humanworkersneedtocontrolandsupervise(herobotfrombelow4 .Tofinishthetaskofcleaningthewindowsofa40-StOryglassbuilding.Ozmospendshourslessthanthreehumancleaners.A.35B.80C.400D.4805 .WhaicanweknowaboutOzmofrom(hepassage?A.Ozmocando(hecleaningjobbetterthanhumanworkers.B.Ozmocanmakehumanworkersdo(heirjobsmoresafely.C.AsanintelligentwindowcleaningrobotOzmoisnotsuccessful.D.Ozmodocsharmtotheenvironmentwhilecleaningwindows.大部分摩天大楼都有很大的玻踹窗，世界各地摩天大楼的增加引起了对洗窗J1.的巨大需求,虽然这项工作能提供高达每小时35美元的收入.但许多人不敢从事这项工作,因为事故常常发生。现在.这项危险的工作可能很快就会由招能擦窗机器人OZm。来完成了，人们只需在地面上监瓣,与人类一样，OZnu悬挂在大楼的恻面，用它的特和刷子清沽玻璃上的灰尘.系统中编入的建筑物的3D地图Hi该机器人能鲂熟练地上下移动。计尊机视觉和触觉传达器使它能鲂在遇到苗户突然打开等突发事件时能修觥开.而旦.该机器人会自我纠正并四处移动，以免打碎窗户.不同于洗窗工的是，擦窗机器人不需要用肥皂来清洁玻病,相反，它利用纯净水和逆漆透过程来完成这项工作.这很环保.清洁一栋40层大楼的玻璃窗,三个洗窗工需要花费480个小时.而该机器人只需短短8()个小时就能完成任务.然而,OZm。不会取代工人，它只虻使他们的工作更安全,工人将在地面操控该机器人。尚在测试中的OZnIo是否能像人类一样出色地完成工作还有待观察，过去，也有人试过利用机器人来从邓这项危险的J：作，但这些尝试没育取得成功，因为那些机器没有人类那样的眼造，经常会漏掉沉积在窗向的灰尘.【语篇解读】随罚城市中的摩天大楼越来越影,玻斓幕墙也感来越多，对于清洁工人来说，清洗高层建筑的林墙是一件危险的工作.智能两户清洁机器人Ozmo的出现将有助于解决这一问题，【答案惮析】I.A词义猜测SS.IftftJBi线词前的"Thoughthejob,whichoffersworkersasmuchas$35anhour"可知，这份工作的时薪而达35美元,即这份工作是很Wft饯的.由此可推知.lucrative意为“赚钱的”2 .C®.大意遨,根据第二段他内容可知.大人类一样，悬挂在大楼侧面的Ozmo用它的手言和刷子清理玻璃上的灰尘。在此过程中，OZnI。会借助计算机视觉和触觉传感器来规避意外事件。由此可知,本段主要介绍TOzmo是如何以智能的方式清洁玻璃的.3 .D细节理解题，根据笫段最Vi,句中的“withhumanssupervisingonIhegrOund”利第四段中的''OzmowillnottaketheplaceofhumanWOrkerS”及"Humanworkerswillcontroltherobofrombelow."可知，O7m。不会取代J1.人,原因是它仍需在工人的控制、瓶替下运行.4 .C细一理C题.根据第四段第一句"Whileittakesthreehumancleaners4S()hourstocleanthewindowsofa40-storyglassbuilding.thcrobotwillcomplete(hetaskinjust80hours."'J知,要清洁一栋40层的玻璃建筑的玻璃.3名清沾工需要花戏480个小时，而OZm。只能80个小时.比，人少用400个小时.5 .B细节H1解题.根抠笫四段中的“Ozmuwillnotlaketheplaceofhumanworkers,onlymakingIheirjobsSdfCr”可知，Ozmo不会取代工人只会让工人们的工作更安全【长充句分析】原句：（妣后段第句）WhetherOmo,whichiss（illbeingtested,docsasgoodajobashumansremainstobeseen.译文，目前仍在冽试中的Ozm。足否能像人类样出色地完成工作还有待观察分析：这是一个K合旬.WhetherOzmo.docsasgoodajobashumans为whether引导的主谱从句，其中whichisstillbeingtested为which弓I导的作限制性定语从旬，对Ozmo进行补充说明中考时文阅读练习-海边的“教室”制读理解语篇类型：说明文主应语境：学校生活词数：174难度：建议用时：8分钟Howabouthavingaclassbythesea?Soundslikeadream,doesn'tit7Wcll.aschoolinSpainhasmadethisdreamcometrueforitsstudents,bymovingtheclassroomtothebeach!OutsidelheSchoolxhildrensitatdesksontheSand(沙子).Thelessonsarepartofaplancalled"Freshair,*.kwantstohelpkidsgetbetterairduringCOVID-19.ManyOfIhestudentsenjoystayingonthebeach."Ifeelhappierandmorerelaxedhere!,saidoneofthem.Ofcourse,(heteacherstakegoodcareoflhestudents.Theymakesurethatall(hekidsarcsafe.*Thcchildrenarchavinggreatfun/'anEnglishteachersaidonApril12th,202l.oThcywon,tforgetwhattheyhaveIcarncdhere.”Aclassbytheseaismorethanjusta(riptothebcach.Somcishcrmcn(iR)comctoshowthestudentstheirfishingncts(M).Thcyalsoteachthekidshowtocatchfish.Childrencanlearnandplaywellinthisgreatnatureclassrm?1. HuwdoesthewriterSIdrl(hepassage?A. Bytellingstories.B. Bygivinganswers.C. Byaskingquestions.D. Bydescribingfacts.2 .TheschoolinSpainmovestheclassroomtothebeachsothat.A. teacherscanlakelesscareofstudentsB. childrencangetfreshairC. childrencanplayonthesandD. theschoolcanspendlessmoney3 .Whatdothestudentsthinkofhavingclassbythesea?A. Boring.B.Relaxing.C.Tiring.D.Dangerous.4 Whenstudentshaveclassbythesea.theycanlearnaboutA.fishingB.COVIDJ9C.aplancallc<i,Trcshair,D.howtotakecareofthemselves5 .Thcwriterwritesthepassagetoshowus«A.someschoolactivitiesB. theschoollifeinSpainC. somewaystohavefunD. anewwaytohaveclass【译文】在海边I:课怎么样？这所起来像是个妙.不是吗？好吧.西班牙的一所学校将班室搬矢了海滩I-.为学生实现了这个梦想！