美国名人 作曲家、流行音乐词作家 欧文·柏林.docx

美国名人作曲家、流行音乐词作家欧文柏林IrvingBerlin,1888-1989:HeWrotetheSongsthatMadeAmericaSingplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-16:23repeatByShelleyGollust2009-12-19VOICEONE:mPhoebeZimmerman.VOICETWO:AndI'mSteveEmberwiththeVOASpecialEnglishprogramPEOP1.EINAMERICA.Today,wetellaboutIrvingBerlin.Hewrotethewordsandmusicforsomeofthemostpopularsongsofthetwentiethcentury.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:IrvingBerlinIrvingBerlinlivedtobeonehundredoneyearsold.Hediedinnineteeneighty-nine.Duringhislonglife,hewrotemorethanonethousandsongs.ManyofhissongshavebecometimelessadditionstoAmerica'spopularculture.IrvingBerlin'smusichelpedspreadthatpopularculturethroughouttheworld.BerlinwasborninRussia.Buthecapturedthefeeling,thepeopleandthecustomsofhisnewcountry.Andheputthoseideastomusic.Anothercomposer,JeromeKern,oncesaidofIrvingBerlin:"HehasnoplaceinAmericanmusic.HeISAmericanmusic."VOICETWO:MostAmericanchildrengrowuphearingandsingingsomeofIrvingBerlin'ssongs.TwoofthebestknownarelinkedtoChristianreligiousholidays.Theyare"WhiteChristmas"and"EasterParade."ManyAmericansthinktheperfectChristmasDayonDecembertwentyjfifthshouldbecoldandsnowy.IrvingBerlinthoughtso,too.Hewrote"WhiteChristmas"innineteenthirty-nine.Itwassunginthemovie"HolidayInn"innineteenfortytwo."WhiteChristmas"becameoneofthebest-sellingsongsofalltime.HereisBingCrosbysinginghisfamousversionof"WhiteChristmas."(MUSIC)VOICEONE:-IrvingBerlin'ssongfortheEasterholidaycapturesanotherAmericantradition."EasterParade"isaboutatraditioninNewYorkCity.There,onEastermorning,peoplewalkupanddownFifthAvenueafterchurchservicestoenjoythespringweather.Womenwearnewhatsanddresses.Berlinwrotethesongforamusicalplayinnineteenthirtythree.Itwasthemainsonginthemusicalfilm"EasterParade"innineteenfortyeight.HereisJudyGarlandsinging"EasterParade."(MUSIC)VOICETWO:IrvingBerlinwasbornIsraelBalineineighteen-eightyeightintheRussianvillageofTemun.Hewastheyoungestofeightchildren.HisfamilywasJewish.TheyfledRussiabecauseofreligiousoppression.TheBalinefamilycametoAmericaineighteenninetyjthree.Theydidnothavemuchmoney.TheymovedintoanareaofNewYorkCitywheremanyotherpoorJewishimmigrantshadsettledwhentheymovedtotheUnitedStates.Israel'sfatherdiedwhentheboywaseightyearsold.Theyoungboylefthishometofindwork.First,hegotajobhelpingablindstreetsinger.ThenhebeganearningmoneybysingingonthestreetsofNewYork.1.ater,hegotajobsingingwhileservingpeopletheirfoodinarestaurant.Israeltaughthimselftoplaythepiano.Buthecouldplayonlytheblackkeys.VOICEONE:SoonIsraelbeganwritinghisownsongs.Heneverlearnedtoreadorwritemusic.Hewrotehissongsbyplayingthenoteswithonefingeronthepiano.Anassistantwrotedownthenotesonsheetsofpaper.Whenthesongwriter'sfirstsongwaspublished,hisnamewasspelledwrong.IsraelBalinehadbecomeI.Berlin.IsraelthoughtthenamesoundedmoreAmerican.SoherenamedhimselfIrvingBerlin.Betweennineteentwelveandnineteensixteen,IrvingBerlinwrotemorethanonehundredeightysongs.Bythetimehewasinhislatetwenties,hissongswerefamousaroundtheworld.VOICETWO:BerlinbecameanAmericancitizeninnineteeneighteen.AfewmonthsIateohewasorderedintomilitaryservice.TheUnitedStateswasfightinginWorldWarOne.Berlinwasaskedtowritesongsforamusicalaboutlifeinthemilitary.Hecalledtheshow"YipYipYaphank."Alloftheperformersintheshowweresoldiers.Manyofthesongsbecamepopular.Afterheservedinthearmy,BerlinreturnedtoNewYork.Heformedhisownmusicpublishingcompany.HealsoestablishedatheaterforhismusicalshowsnearBroadway.VOICEONE:IrvingBerlinlovedAmericaforgivingapoorimmigrantachancetosucceed.Heexpressedhisthanksforthissuccessinhissongs.Oneofthesesongsis"GodBlessAmerica."Hewrotethesonginnineteeneighteen.ButitdidnotbecomepopularuntilKateSmithsangitinnineteenthirtynine.ShesangthesongtocelebrateArmisticeDayztheanniversaryoftheendofWorldWarOne.Manypeoplefeel"GodBlessAmerica"istheunofficialnationalsongoftheUnitedStates.Berlingaveallmoneyheearnedfrom"GodBlessAmerica"totheBoyScoutsandGirlScoutsofAmerica.HereisKateSmithsinging"GodBlessAmerica."(MUSIC)VOICETWO:TheUnitedStatesenteredWorldWarTwoinnineteenforty>ne.Berlinagreedtowriteandproduceamusicalshowcalled"ThisistheArmy."Itwasamusicalaboutlifeinthemilitary.Alltheperformersweresoldiers.TheshowwasperformedinmanycitiesacrosstheUnitedStates.IthelpedincreasesupportforAmerica'spartinthewar.ItearnedtenmilliondollarsfortheArmyEmergencyReliefFund."ThisistheArmy"alsowasperformedfortheAmericantroopsatmilitarybasesaroundtheworld.IrvingBerlinappearedinmostoftheseperformances.Hesangthesonghehadwrittenearlier.Thesongisaboutwhathehadhatedmostaboutbeinginthearmy.HerezIrvingBerlinsings"Oh,HowIHatetoGetUpintheMorning."(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Afterthewar,Berlincontinuedtowritesongsformoviesandplays.Hewrotesongsformorethanfifteenmoviesfromthenineteenthirtiestothenineteenfifties.ManyofthesongswereusedinmoviesstarringthefamousdancersFredAstaireandGingerRogers.HereisFredAstairesingingasongthatappearedinseveralmovies,"Puttin'ontheRitz."(MUSIC)VOICETWO:IrvingBerlinalsowrotethemusicforseventeenBroadwayplaysfromthenineteentwentiestonineteenfifty.HismostsuccessfulBroadwaymusicalwas"AnnieGetYourGun"innineteenforty-six.IrvingBerlinretiredinnineteensixty-twoafterhislastBroadwaymusical,"MisterPresident,"failed.Hediedinnineteeneighty-nine.ButthesongsthathegaveAmericawillbeplayedandsungformanyyearstocome.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:ThisSpecialEnglishprogramwaswrittenbyShelleyGollust.Itwasproducedby1.awanDavis.OurstudioengineerwasSulaimanTarawaley.mPhoebeZimmerman.VOICETWO:AndI'mSteveEmber.JoinusagainnextweekforanotherPEOP1.EINAMERICAprogramontheVoiceofAmerica.