美国名人 诗人 作家 露西尔·克里夫顿.docx

美国名人诗人作家露西尔克里夫顿1.ucilleCliftonz1936-2010:TheAward-WinningPoetwastheFirstAfricanAmericanPoet1.aureateofMarylandplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-17:50repeatByJuneSimms2010-4-171.ucilleClifton'spoetryisknownforbeingsimple,truthfulanddirect.mSteveEmber.BARBARAK1.EIN:AndmBarbaraKleinwithPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.Todaywetellabouttheaward-winningpoetandwriter1.ucilleClifton.Criticscallheroneofthegreatestwritersofourtime.(MUSIC)STEVEEMBER:1.ucilleCliftonbeganwritingpoetrywhenshewasabouttenyearsold.Shehaddevelopedaninterestinpoetrybecauseofhermother,ThelmaSayles.Hermotherwasalsoapoetalthoughherpoemswereneverpublished.Asachild1.ucillewouldsitonhermother'slapandlistenasshereadpoetry.Shelearnedtolovewordsandthepowerofwords.Thatstayedwithherasshegrew.Therewasanotherexperiencethatstayedwithher,too.Once,hermotherwasofferedachancetopublishherpoetry.Butherhusband,SamuelSayles,orderedhernottodoit.Inanger,andsorrow,MissusSaylesthrewherpoemsintoafire.Thatmemoryalsostayedwith1.ucille.Shewouldwriteaboutityearslaterinherpoemcalled"fury".IJkemanyof1.ucilleClifton'spoems,"fury"ispersonal.Itdealswithherownexperiences.BARBARAK1.曰N:1.ucilleCliftonbelievedthatitwasimportantforpoetstowriteabouttheirownmemories.Shesaidpoetrycomesoutofthelifeofthepoet.That,shesaid,istheonlywaythatpoetrycanreachotherpeople.1.ucilleClifton'spoemsdealwithlifeanddeath,religionandpolitics,motherhoodandfamily.Theytellstoriesofracism,sexismandinjustice.Theytellofterriblethingsdonetohumansbyhumans.Inonepoemshecallsittheextraordinaryevilinordinarymen.Inthepoem"Cruelty,"shetakesadifferentlookatviolence.1.UCI1.1.EC1.IFTONREADING"CRUE1.TY"don'ttalktomeaboutcrueltyorwhatiamcapableof.wheniwantedtheroachesdeadiwantedthemdeadandikilledthem,itookabroomtotheircountryandsmashedandslicedwithoutwarningwithoutstoppingandismiledallthetimeiwasdoingit.itwasaholocaustofroaches,bodies,partsofbodies,redallovertheground.ididn'tasktheirnames.theyhadnonamesworthknowing.nowiwatchmyselfwheneverienteraroom.ineverknowwhatimightdo.(MUSIC)STEVEEMBER:1.ucilleCliftonwasbornThelma1.ucilleSaylesinDepew,NewYorkinninetythirty-six.ShewasnamedThelmaafterhermother.1.ucillewasthenameofoneofherfather'sancestors.NeithermothernordaughterwashappywiththenameThelma.Whentheyoungeronegotoldershechosetocallherself1.ucille.Whilehermothertaughthertolovepoetry,herfathergaveherthegiftofstorytelling.Hewouldtell1.ucilleinterestingstoriesaboutherancestors,especiallytheonenamed1.ucillewhowashisgrandmother.SamuelCliftonsaidshewasthefirstblackwomantobelegallyhangedinthestateofVirginia.1.ucilleCliftonwroteaboutitinherpoemcalled"1.ucy."1.UCI1.1.EC1.IFTONREADING"1.UCY"(MUSIC)BARBARAK1.EIN:1.ucillewasthefirstoneinherfamilytograduatefromhighschool.Innineteenfifty-three,shewonascholarshiptoattendHowardUniversityinWashington,D.C.Shestudiedtherefortwoyears.ThenshereturnedtoNewYorktoattendFredoniaStateTeachersCollege.FredCliftonwasaprofessorofphilosophyatalocaluniversity.Thepoetandtheprofessormet,fellinloveandweremarriedinnineteenfifty-eight.TheymovedtoBaltimore,Marylandinthenineteensixties.Theyhadsixchildrenoveraseven-yearperiod,fourgirlsandtwoboys.1.ucilleCliftonwrotepoetrywhileraisingherfamily.STEVEEMBER:Shereleasedherfirstbookofpoetryinnineteensixty-nine.Thebookwascalled"GoodTimes."TheNewYorkTimescalleditoneofthebestbooksoftheyear.Thepoemsareaboutancestryandfamily,oppressionandpolitics.Theyuseasmallamountofwordstocommunicatebigideas.Thatwas1.ucilleClifton'sstyle.Sheoftentalkedaboutherloveforwords.Shelovedthesoundofwordsandthewaythewordsfeltinhermouth.Shelovedfindinginterestingwaystousewordstoexpresswhatwashappeningintheworld.BARBARAK1.EIN:Unlikehermother,1.ucilleClifton'spoetrywasanythingbuttraditional.Herpoemsdonotrhymeorfollowaspecialkindofpattern.Theydonotusefancywords.Theydonotdealinmakebelieve.Herpoetryisknownforbeingsimple,truthfulanddirect.Itiswrittenthewaypeoplespeak,inacasual,relaxedlanguage.Thereisverylittlepunctuationandevenlesscapitalization.Manyofthepoemsareuncomfortablyhonest.1.ucilleCliftonoftensaidthatshetriedtocomforttheafflictedandafflictthecomfortable.Overtheyears,sheseemstohaveperfectedthatart.Here,shereadsherpoem"Admonitions."1.UCI1.1.EC1.IFTONREADING"ADMONITIONS"BoysIdon'tpromiseyounothingbutthiswhatyoupawnIwillredeemwhatyoustealIwillconcealmyprivatesilencetoyourpublicguilt,isalligotGirlsFirsttimeawhitemanopenshisflylikeagoodthingwe'lljustlaugh,laughrealloudmyblackwomenChildrenWhentheyaskyouwhyisyourmamasofunnySaySheisapoetshedon'thavenosense(MUSIC)STEVEEMBER:1.ucilleCliftonpublishedmorethanthirtybooksduringhercareer.Theyincludetenbooksofpoetryandtwentychildren'sbooks.Shereleasedherfirstchildren'sbooksinnineteenseventy,ayearafterherfirstbookofpoetrywaspublished.Herbook"SomeoftheDaysofEverettAnderson"becamethefirstinaseriesofbooksaboutayoungAfrican-Americanboygrowingupinthecity.Yearslater,theseventhbookintheseries,"EverettAnderson'sGoodbye,"wasawardedtheCorettaScottKingAward.MissCliftonreceivedmanyotherhonorsduringherlongcareer.ShewonaNationalBookAwardintwothousandforherpoetrycollection"BlessingtheBoats:NewandSelectedPoems,"ShewasnominatedforthreePulitzerPrizePoetryAwards.SheistheonlypoettohavereceivedtwoPulitzernominationsinasingleyear.Her"GoodWoman:PoemsandaMemoir"andhercollection"Next:NewPoems"werebothnominatedforPulitzerPrizesinnineteeneighty-seven.BARBARAK1.EIN:MissCliftonalsowonanEmmyAward,twofellowshipsfromtheNationalEndowmentfortheArts,anda1.osAngelesTimesPoetryAward.Intwothousandseven,shebecamethefirstblackwomantoreceivetheRuth1.ilyPoetryPrize.Itisconsideredoneofthehighesthonorsapoetcanreceive.Itincludesaonehundredthousanddollaraward.Inadditiontoherwriting,1.ucilleCliftonspentmanyyearsteachingpoetry.SheservedasawriterinresidenceatCoppinStateUniversityinBaltimore,Maryland.ShealsotaughtattheUniversityofCaliforniaatSantaCruz,SaintMary'sCollegeofMarylandandDukeUniversityinNorthCarolina.AndshewasthefirstAfrican-AmericanpoetlaureateforthestateofMaryland.1.ucilleCliftondiedintwothousandtenfromproblemsrelatedtocancer.Shewasseventy-threeyearsold.Sheleavesbehindawrittenrecordofherlifeandlegacythroughthewordsofherpoems.(MUSIC)STEVEEMBER:ThisprogramwaswrittenandproducedbyJuneSimms.mSteveEmber.BARBARAK1.日N:AndmBarbaraKlein.Transcripts,MP.AndyoucanfindusonTwitterandYouTubeatVOA1.earningEnglish.JoinusagainnextweekforPEOP1.EINAMERICAinVOASpecialEnglish.