易错点10.宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句(解析版).docx

易错点10.复合句宾语从句的基本要素要素要点举例主句是现在时,从句根据实际情况确定Ithink(that)springisagreatseason.时态通常情况下,主句是过去时,从句用过去的某种时态Shesaidshewouldcometomyparty.语序从句表示客观真理时,总是用一Theteachersaidthatthemoongoesaroundthe般现在时earth.从句一律用陈述语序,即“主语+谓语”结构that（在口语或非正式文体中常省略）Hetellsme(that)heisgoingshoppingthisSunday.引导词whetherXif(在口语中常用if)who、what、which、when、where、howwhy等1.et,sseeif7whetherwecanfindoutsomeinformationaboutthatcity.Doyouknowwhentheshopopenseveryday?用所给词的适当形式填空1. MissKingsaidthesunrises(rise)intheeast.2. Shesaidshebought(buv)abookonscienceyesterday.3.1thinkJackis2ingWiIlgo(2)totheSummerPalacenextSaturday.宾语从句中的省略问题1.that的省略与否that引导宾语从句时，在句中不充当任何成分,在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去。但如果是由and连接两个并列的宾语从句时,第二个宾语从句前的that不可省略。如：Hesaid(that)youweretooyoungtounderstandthematterandthathewasaskednottotellyou.2.句子的语序由who>whom>which、whosewhat、when、where>whyhow、whoever>whichever等引导的宾语从句,应注意从句的语序要用陈述语序。例如：Canyouexplainwhyhedidn,tcometothepartylastSunday?【拓展】(l)thinksbelieve、imagineSUPPoSe等动词引导的否定性宾语从句中,要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式,即将从句中的否定形式转移到主句中。1 don,tthinkthefoodhereagreeswithme.VVedon,tbelievehestolemoneyfromtheshop.(2)动词doubt用在疑问句或否定句中时,其后宾语从句常用that作连接词;用在肯定句中时,连接词用whether或if皆可,而不用that。Doyoudoubtthathewillwinthematch?Idon,tdoubtthathecandoagoodjobofit.Heoftendoubtswhether/ifheisadequateasafather.用适当的连接词完成句子1.Cobb,forherparty,startedtoaskconferenceorganizerswhoinvitedhertospeakWhetheifshecoulddosoremotely;aboutthree-quartersofthetime,theyagreed.2 .WhatstudentsdoatcollegeseemstomattermuchmorethanWheretheygo.状语从句的要点突破1 .状语从句的分类分类引导词举例时间状语从句whenwhileas(当时)，before(在之前)，Iwasdoingmyhomeworkwhenhecamein.HewaiteduntilMrBlackcamebackyesterday.after（在之后），SinCe（自从）,Until（直到为止）,assoonas（一就）llgototheparkifitisfinetomorrow.if（如果）,aslongas（只条件状语从句Unlessbadweatherstopsme,Igoforawalk要）,unless（除非）everyday.because（因为）,since（既IIikeEnglishbecauseit'sveryuseful.原因状语从句然）,as（由于）Sinceeveryoneishere,let'sbeginourclass.目的状语sothat（以便，为了）,inorderShecametomyhomesothatshecouldborrow从句that（为了）mybike.结果状语sothat（结果是）40/$11（:11.Ifssocoldoutsidethatnobodywantstogoout.从句that（如此以至于）thoughalthough（尽管，虽让步状语然）,evenif（即使）,whatever（无Thoughtheyarepoor,theyareveryhappy.从句论什么），wherever（无论哪Iwon,tmindevenifhedoesn,tcomehere.里）,whenever（无论何时）等than（比）,as.as（和比较状语Hedoesn,trunso/asfastasBill.一样）,notasso.as（不从句Johnistallerthanhisbrother.如）2 .状语从句的时态在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,如果主句是一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时。I.从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语填空because,than,since,sothat,aslongas1.TheSmithshavelivedinBeijingSinCetheymovedtherein2020.2.1likedoingsportsbecauseitcanhelpmekeephealthy.3. ASIOngasyoudon,tgiveup,youwillsucceed.4. MarygotupearlySOthatshecouldarriveatschoolontime.5. TomrunsfasterthanJack.II.完成句子1 .虽然在太空工作很危险,但宇航员们还是亳不犹豫地去做。AlthOIIgh/Thouehworkinginspaceisverydangerous,astronautsstilldon'thesitatetodoit.2 .牛肉饺子太好吃了,杰克吃了三十个。ThebeefdumplingsweresodeliciousthatJackatethirty.3 .我的书包和你的一样重。Myschoolbagisasheavyasyours.定语从句的先行词、关系词及关系词在句中的作用先行词关系词作用举例Doyouknowthegirlwho/thatiswearinga人that,who,whom主语或宾语redCOat?（作主语）Idon'tknowthegirlwho/that/whomyouarewaitingfor.（作宾语）Theschoolbagthat/whichisonthedeskis物that,which主语或宾语mine.（作主语）Theschoolthat/whichwevisitedisverybeautiful.（作宾语）人whose定语Theboywhosemotherisateacherstudiesveryhard.物whose定语Thehousewhosewindowisopenisverynice.时间when状语Istillrememberthedaywhenyoucamehere.地点where状语Thisisthefactorywheremyfatherworks.原因why状语Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewaslate?【注意】(1)当关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持主谓一致。ThetrainwhichhasjustleftisforShenzhen.刚开走的火车是开往深圳的。(2)当先行词被序数词、最高级、不定代词或theonly、thelast、thesame等词修饰时,引导词一般用that,而不用whichoItisoneofthemostbeautifulfaces(that)Ihaveeverseen.这是我见过的最漂亮的面孔之一。I.从方框中选择恰当的单词填空,每词限用一次that,when,who,why,where,whose1. ThegirlWhOhaslonghairismynewdeskmate.2. TheoldwomanWhOSesonisstudyingabroadismynewneighbor.3. ThisisthevillageWhenCIlivedtenyearsago.4. ThereasonWhYhedidn'tattendthemeetingwasthathismotherwasillinhospital.5.1willneverforgetthedaysWhCIIIusedtolivewithmyparents.6.1thinkthisisthebestparkthatIhaveevervisited.II.用所给词的适当形式填空1.1 havemanyfriendswhoWOrk(Work)inShanghai.2. Theboywhois(be)runningaroundtheparkisJim.3. Thesesheepthatare(be)eatinggrassareGrandpaWang,s.部先画事！1. (2016福建厦门中考真题)一DoesanybodywanttoshareonFather'sDay?一Iboughtatieformyfather.Helovesit.A.whatyoudidB.whereyouwentC.whenyoushopped2. (2017黑龙江统考中考真题)Everyoneplaysanimportantpartinsociety.Asmembers,weshouldtryourbesttodotomaketheworldbetterandbetter.A.whatweshoulddoB.whatshouldwedoC.howweshoulddo3. (2016广东韶关统考一模)-Ireallywantedtoknow-Iwenttherebytrain.A. whatwereyoudoinglastnightB. whowouldgowithyouC. whenyouarrivedthereD. howyouwenttherelastnight4. （2022甘肃统考一模）Jack,smotherwassotired.Shefellasleepshelaydownonthebed.A.assoonasB.untilC.unlessD.though5. （2021山东洵泽统考一模）Excuseme,couldyoutellme?A.whereistheZhongshanParkB.wheretheZhongshanParkisC.howcanIgettotheZhongshanPark6. （2021浙江温州统考中考真题）Atthemeeting,themanagerskeptarguingabouttheproblemtheyreachedanagreement.A.afterB.whenC.untilD.since7. （2010河南中考真题）Someofmyfriendsareinterestedinscience,butnoneofthemcantellA.whenUFOswillappearnexttimeB.whydohorsesknowthewayC.wherewasthiskindofplantfoundD.howdoelephantscommunicate8. （2021河匕唐ill统考一模）一Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellme?一Well,there,soneonyourleft.A.whenthebankopensB.wherethebankisC.howfarthebankisD.howtogettothebank9. （2023黑龙江哈尔滨模拟预测）一Tim,doyouknow?-Ofcourse.IknowitfromabookonancientChina.A. whattheThanksgivingDaymeansB. whoiscalledtheSaintofteaC. whatispapercuttinglike10. （2023福建福州福建省福州第一中学校考模拟预测）一CanyOUtenme?They<remoreenvironmentallyfriendlybecausetheyuselessenergy.A. whatadvantageelectriccarshaveB. whopreferstobuytheelectriccarsC. whydosomepeoplepreferelectriccars11. （2023西藏统考中考真题）SuBingtianisaplayerrunsfastestinChinaatpresent.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.where12. （2011甘肃兰州中考真题）Wedidn'tstartourdiscuss沁neverybodyarrived.A.sinceB.ifC.whileD.until13. （2021湖北十堰校考一模）一Canyouguess?Thesouth.Sheprefersricetonoodles.A.howoldsheisB.whatshedoesC.whosheisD.whereshe,sfrom14. （2013广东统考三模）一Mikewantstoknowifapicnictomorrow.Yes.Butifit,wewillvisitthemuseuminstead.A.youhave;willrainB.youwillhave;willrainC.youwillhave;rainsD.willyouhave;rains15. （2018山东济南统考一模）Couldyoutellme_?一Sure.Astorybook.A. whendidyourfriendgiveittoyouB. whatdidyourfriendgiveyouC. howyourfriendgottothesupermarketD. whatyourfriendgaveyou16. （2021辽宁葫芦岛统考二模）Manystudentswon,tgiveuptheirhobbiestheyarebusywiththeirstudies.A.becauseB.thoughC.soD.if17. （2014江苏扬州统考一模）一Couldyoutellme?dliketotakepartinit.OnJuly5th.A. whenwouldthefashionshowbeheldB. whenthefashionshowwillbeheldC. wherethefashionshowwouldbeheldD. wherethefashionshowwillbeheld18. （2021四川成都成都嘉祥外国语学校校考三模）Mr.1.angisagreatChinesepianisthasbecomepopularwithmanypeoplearoundtheworld.A.whoB.whomC.which19. （2021黑龙江哈尔滨统考三模）一Whatdidshewriteinhercomposition?一Shedescribedthepeopleandplacesleftherthesweetestmemory.A.whichB.whoC.that20. （2016江苏镇江统考一模）_wearetiredout,westillkeepworkinghardtowardsourdreams.A.IfB.UnlessC.ThoughD.Because参考答案1. A【解析】句意:一有人想分享一下你在父亲节做了什么吗？一我给我父亲买了一个领带。他喜欢它。考查宾语从句的用法。WhalyOUdid你做了什么；WhereyoUWenl你去了哪里；whenyoushopped你什么时候去购物的。根据“Iboughtatieformyfhther.”可知，此处询问我做的事，应使用what引导宾语从句。故选Ao2. A【解析】句意：每个人在社会中都扮演着重要的角色。作为成员，我们应该尽我们所能，让世界变得越来越好。本题为宾语从句,从句部分使用陈述句的语序,主语We在前,谓语ShoUkido在后。what疑问代词，可作do的宾语；how疑问副词，不能作do的宾语。故选A0点睛：注意宾语从句的完整性是本题做题关键，本从句缺少代词do的宾语。how疑问副词，不能作宾语，疑问代词WhauWhiCh/whom等可作宾语。3. B【解析】试题分析：句意：-我真的想知道谁会和你一块去。-我乘火车去那儿。本题考查疑问词引导的宾语从句，主语用陈述语序，时态和主句时态保持一致，用过去将来时。根据题意故选B。考点：考查宾语从句4. A【解析】句意：杰克的妈妈太累了。她一躺在床上就睡着了。考查连接词，assoonas就；UntiI直到；UnIeSS除非;although尽管。根据"SheffeHasleep.shelaydownonthebed.”可知前后是时间关系，表示躺在床上的动作和睡着几乎同时发生，应用assoonas引导时间状语从句，故选A。5. B【解析】句意：打扰一下，你能告诉我中山公园在哪里吗？考查宾语从句。WhereistheZhongshanPark中山公园在哪里，疑问语序；wheretheZhongshanParkis中山公园在哪里，陈述语序；howcanIgettotheZhongshanPark我怎样到达中山公园，疑问语序。根据句子结构可知，空处是宾语从句，应用陈述语序。故选B。6. C【解析】句意：在会议上，经理们一直就这个问题争论不休，直到达成协议。考查连词辨析。after在之后：when当时；until直到；since自从。根据“themanagerskeptarguingabouttheproblem.theyreachedanagreement”可知，直到达成协议为止，故选Co7. A【解析】句意：我的一些同学对科学感兴趣，但是他们没有人能讲出下次不明飞行物将何时出现。考查宾语从句。宾语从句语序是陈述语序，B,C和D语序是疑问句语序，可知排除；A是陈述语序，故选A。8. B【解析】句意：打扰一下，你能告诉我银行在哪里吗？哦，在你的左边有一家。考查宾语从句。根据“there'soneonyourleft”可知，这里询问的应该是一个地点，用Where来引导宾语从句，故选B。9. B【解析】句意：一蒂姆，你知道谁被称作茶圣吗？一当然。我从一本关于古代中国的书中知道。考直宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除C项；根据“IknowitfromabookonancientChina.”可知，问句内容与古代中国相关，B项符合。故选B。10. A【解析】句意：一你能告诉我电动汽车有什么优势吗？一它们更环保，因为它们使用更少的能源。考查宾语从句及情景交际。Whatadvantageelectriccarshave电动汽车有什么优势；whopreferstobuytheelectriccars谁更喜欢买电动汽车；whydosomepeoplepreferelectriccars为什么有些人更喜欢电动汽车。分析句子“Canyoutellme.”可知，这是一个宾语从句，应使用陈述句语序，排除C选项，根据答句“Theyaremoreenvironmentallyfriendlybecausetheyuselessenergy.”可知，此处是在询问电动汽车有什么优势，A选项符合语境。故选A。11. B【解析】句意：苏炳添是目前中国跑得最快的运动员。考查定语从句。根据语境，题干设空后是一个定语从句，先行词指人，空处作主语，因此应用who作关系词。故选Bo12. D【解析】考查not.Until的用法。句意：直到每个人都到了我们才开始讨论。not.until.fi到才”；SinCe”自以来：既然，由于“；i俨如果”；While”虽然，当时候:由句意可知选D。13. D【解析】句意：一你能猜出她来自哪里吗？一南方。她喜欢米饭胜过面条。考查宾语从句。根据答语“Thesouth”表地点，可知此处是问“来自哪里"，用Where引导的宾语从句。故选Do14. C【解析】句意汤姆想知道明天你是否去野炊。一是的，但是如果下雨的话，我们将改去参观博物馆。考查动词时态。第一空所在句是if引导的宾语从句，句中有IomOrrow,用一般将来时态；第二空所在句是if引导的条件状语从句,主句用将来时从句用一般现在时表示将来,故选C。15. D【解析】句意：-你能告诉我你朋友给你的什么吗？-当然，一本故事书。A.whendidyourfriendgiveittoyou你朋友什么时候给你的，疑问句语序；B.whatdidyourfriendgiveyou你朋友给你什么了，疑问语序；C.howyourfriendgottothesupermarket你朋友如何到达超市的，陈述语序；D.whatyourfriendgaveyou你朋友给你什么了，陈述语序。本题是宾语从句，应用陈述句语序。根据答语AStOrybook可知，本题在询问“what什么"。故选D。16. B【解析】句意：很多学生不会放弃他们的爱好，尽管他们忙于自己的学习。考查连词辨析。because因为；tough尽管；SO因此：if如果。根据空前“won'tgiveuptheirhobbies”和空后“theyarebusywiththeirStUdieS”可知，“不会放弃他们的爱好”和“他们忙于自己的学习”之间存在让步关系，用连词"though”。故选B。17. B【解析】句意：你能告诉我何时举办时装秀吗？我想参加。七月五日。考查宾语从句。在宾语从句中只能使用陈述句语序，不能使用疑问句语序。结合答语OnJUIy5lh.可知该选B。18. A【解析】句意：朗先生是一位伟大的中国钢琴家，他受到世界各地许多人的欢迎。考查定语从句。此句是定语从句，先行词PianiSt是指人，在从句中作主语，应用Who引导定语从句，故选A。19. C【解析】句意：一她在作文中写了什么？她描述了那些给她留下最美好回忆的人和地方。考查定语从句的引导词。WhiCh关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词为物；WhO关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词为人；thal关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词为人或物。本句的先行词“thepeopleandPlaCeS”是人和物,引导词只能用thato故选Co20. C【解析】试题分析：句意：尽管我们筋疲力尽，我们仍然继续努力实现我们的梦想。AJf如果：B.Unless除非；CThough尽管；D.Because因为。依据句意，前后表示转折关系，故答案为C。替笊模拟演一、单项选择1. Ilikethiscookingmachine.Couldyoupleasetellme?一SureJustputinthefood,choosethewayofcookinganditstartstowork.A.ifitcanworkwellB.whereIcanbuyitC.whyitdoesn'tworkD.howIcanmakeitwork2. 一Manyappshaveaddedauteenmodc（青少年模式）.Canyoutellme?Itcanmakesuretheyusetheappinahealthyway.A. howthemodeprotectsteensB. whereIcanfindthemodeC. whatthemodelookslike3. InChina,weusuallyuseredpaperforHongbao_redmeansgoodluck.A.whenB.untilC.becauseD.and4.1 reallyenjoyedmyEnglishclassitwasalittlehardforme.A.forB.becauseC.althoughD.until5. Theboyalwaysthinksofothersispopularwithhisclassmates.B.whatC.whereD.whichA.who6. Doyouknow_?Sorry,Idon,tknow.A.what,sthepopulationofJapanB.whatthepopulationofFranceisC.howmuchofthepopulationofJapanisD.howmanyisthepopulationofFrance7. Didyourememberinclass?Yes,hetoldusthatthesunbiggerthantheearth.A. whatdidtheteachersay,isB. whattheteachersaid,isC. whattheteachersaid,was8. Afterretiring,myteacherMr.Daimovedtothevillage_hewasbornsixtyyearsago.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.what9. Couldyoupleasetellme?一NextSunday.A. whenIcangetbackmynotebookB. whencanIgetbackmynotebookC. howlongIcangetbackmynotebook10. Yourfatherseemedworriedaboutsomethingthismorning,why?Hewantedto.A. wherehecouldmendthetelevisionB. whyhemendthetelevisionC. thathemendedthetelevisionD. howdidhemendthetelevision11. Peterisn,tcomingtothepartyhehasgottoomuchworktodo.A.becauseB.untilC.althoughD.so12. It,sapitythatsmokerswon'trealizetheimportanceofhealththeyloseit.A.beforeB.untilC.sinceD.if13. Areyougoingcampingtomorrow?Arainstormiscoming.mnotsuretheroadtothemountainswillbeclosed.A.thatB.whatC.whether14. CouldyoushowmeWeChat（微信）OnthemObilePhone?A.howcanIuseB.wherecanIuseC.howIcanuse15. Excuseme.Couldyoutellmeyouboughtthesefacemasks?AtadrugstoreonChangjiangRoad.A.whenB.whyC.howD.where16. Afterschool,theyhavedinnerasaspossiblesothattheyhavetimetotakeafter-schoolclasses.A.quickB.quicklyC.quickerD.morequickly17. Couldyoutellmepaythebills?-YoucanpayyourbillsthroughAlipay（支付宝）online.D.howIcanD.howeverD.althoughA.howmuchllB.howmanyllC.howcanI18. 一Whatdoyouthinkofyourjuniorhighschoollife?Ithinkitiscolorful,Iamalwaysbusy.A.ifB.thoughC.while19. John,let'sprepareforourbasketballmatch.-OK,we,llloseitwetryourbest.A.untilB.unlessC.if20. Hewaslateforschoolhehelpedanoldwomangohomeonhiswaytoschool.A.sothatB.becauseC.yetD.but21. -Wewon,tbesuccessfiil_wekeepworkinghard.Iagreewithyou.A.untilB.unlessC.becauseD.although22. Theyoungmanisafriendofmine.A.whoIhadatalkB.whomIhadatalkwithC.whichIhadatalkwithD.whomIhadatalk23. WeallmissWuMengchaosavedthousandsoflivesinhismedicalwork.A.whoB.whoseC.which24. Weoftensitatthefrontwecanhearthespeaker.A.becauseB.orC.thatD.sothat1. .it,sdifficulttomakeittothetop,Istillwanttohaveatry.A.BecauseB.AssoonasC.BeforeD.Eventhough26. Judy,sbirthdaypartyisnextweek,canyouhelpmethinkofagoodgiftforher?youbuyherabook,itwillbeagdchoice,becauseshelikesreading.A.IfB.WhetherC.Though27. Theseanimalsareindanger.Weshouldthinkabouttoprotectthem.A.whatcanwedoB.whatwecandoC.howcanwedoD.howwecando28. Excuseme,couldyoutellme?A.whereisthenearestparkB.howcan1gettotheparkC.whichisthewaytotheparkD.ifisthereaparknearhere29. Beckyfoundtheinformationaboutthefamousscientistsyoucanuseforthespeech.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.what30. 1.ook,thisismynewhouse.Howdoyoulikeit?Mm,itisbeautiful.Butitisnot.A.largethanusB.aslargethanoursC.aslargeasoursD.aslargeasus31. Thestorywasinterestingeveryonewouldlistentoit.A.too,toB.enough,toC.so,thatD.such,that32. Couldyoutellme?Youshouldtrytodoeverythingyoucantoprotecttheearth.A.howIcanbeagreenerpersonB.whatcanIbeagreenerpersonC.whenIcanbeagreenerperson33. Iwonder.Maybenextweek.A.wherewillJimgiveatalkB.whenwillJimcomebackC.whereJim,sfamilywillgoD.whenJimwillseeUSagain34. Jerry,doyouknowifyourmotherbacktomorrow?Sorry,Idon,tknow.Assoonasshehome,Iwilltellhertocallyou.A.comes;getsB.comes;willgetC.willcome;getsD.willcome;willget35. Moreandmorechildrenareinterestedinblindboxestheywonderwhatisinside.A.ifB.becauseC.unless36. Couldyoupleaseme?A. telling,howcanIgettoschoolB. totell,howIcangettoschoolC. tell,howIcangettoschool37. Theoldmanfeltlonely_hiswifepassedaway.D.beforeA.afterB.sinceC.till38. Annad