晁错论拼音版.docx
ch6fcuIOn晁错论sxhlsnydi苏轼(宋代)tiAnxiXhlhunxu)bnk»Mi11lnnZhIPIM2qhlOrqSzhlyftuhB天下之患,最不可为者,名为治平无事,而其实有不测xh!yWxugu6nqibion6rbuVMxh!xu6x6k11zhiHbukjiqlOrqi11n*i之忧。坐观其变,而不为之所,则恐至於不可救;起而强为ZhlMtiCnxidni02zhlPlrCMhldn"M2xlnNiMnrnjnxlhoJidxhl«hl之,则天下犯於治平之安而不吾信。惟仁人君子豪杰之士,w6in611chOsW11*itinifndr>6nylqiuchdnydoyC<c)9RieiGnqidngQlyu÷zhlji11为能出身为天下犯大难,以求成大功;此固非勉强期月之间,drguylqrtfnpxhlm>Ay而苟以求名之所能也。IiGnxiGXhlpi11HMi9i6rfdn6nxh!du6n»0fxh(en611shuxh(ron天下治平,无故而发大难之端;吾发之,吾能收之,然huyWcivQIiMxiOah?hlOrXQnnyCny<2S%hlIdnrfrnqlxxtn后有辞於天下。事至而循循焉欲罢之,使他人任其责,则天xixhlhu6biJir*6下之祸,必集於我。Xl?hftchcuhnxhn<19bnMruJihaiidOnfizhl2h0huh!u¼11n?h0hubiroql昔者晁错尽忠为汉,谋弱山东之诸侯,山东诸侯并起,y!zhcuriutr®0rtinx!buylchoylCVdZhlshu6tinxibicudzhly!zhny以诛错为名;而天子不以察,以错为之说。天下悲错之以忠frh6uhu6Mxhl<uyylq2hy而受祸,不知错有以取之也。的MIldshixhboSiyuchdosh'ixh(c6iybiy*jinr÷nWb6zh!xhl古之立大事者,不惟有超世之才,亦必有坚忍不拔之志。Kty。xhTzh、ShUIxolAn9nnju&d6OrSnjjzhlhifA11nqlsXnnzhl2ChW泮昔禹之治水,凿龙门,决大河而放之海。方其功之未成也,Haiyy61kuroch611tk*izhltu»nn118qinzh!qidnyr6nshiMbujudr盖亦有溃冒冲突可畏之患;惟能前知其当然,事至不惧,而IIdixhlt叫1FlxhlvcK*n9flA<½)徐为之图,是以得至於成功。fyiqlgu6thlqid11aOrzhduxSxhIql*6ibinqlzRudizicudbuB夫以七国之强,而骤削之,其为变,岂足怪哉?错不於cl»hlJuOnqlshfi“it)nx<½n11&Mnxhl<hngdrxhlvchXhlmnaNiGqun此时捐其身,为天下当大难之冲,而制吴楚之命,乃为自全xh!jiyush!ti6nZlzJtdny6rjljdsh*jqifdfql9XhtnnZMshuth之计,欲使天子自将而己居守。且夫发七国之难者,谁乎?JlyqiqtttfroAnsu1611q!hunylji11g2hxhlVaiyJO¼hjxh)Mjl己欲求其名,安所逃其患。以自将之至危,与居守至安;己Win6nsh6uZOqtzhl6nGrqiGntidmxly)qixhlVeiclzhQ9ch61yishlsuy!fn为难首,择其至安,而遣天子以其至危,此忠臣义士所以愤y3r>drbaplngxl*y怨而不平者也。(11hc!xh!shisu(*tivu6nnyCUbyi÷iri6n5Jhudh©xhjlyijshftu当此之时,虽无袁盎,错亦未免於祸。何者?己欲居守,dr%h1nz1jiAnoy(qin11Grydntianz(皿ylnnxhTylArZMna2iqly)而使人主自将。以情而言,天子固已难之矣,而重违其议。shiyl5>un9xh(shu6d6xin11Bqiji11shlvChof11cudysWnrnqi*÷irl是以袁盎之说,得行於其间。使吴楚反,错已身任其危,日ydcuthdAniAn。GrU)xhl%hlhQUiqljn/tifl11xljn<MXhIyl9i夜淬砺,东向而待之,使不至於累其君,则天子将恃之以为0k<<5u!ybi19kCd6rjinzi无恐,虽有百盎,可得而间哉?ji&t,0Jihlxhljnxlyqilfflichnpxhl«X*npzNIwAVaiziqunxhril嗟夫!世之君子,欲求非常之功,则无务为自全之计。shlcuziJidng6rtoE)Cho*ibiB8611Vaiqlyuzl曲qishn6rtinZlWi使错自将而讨吴楚,未必无功,惟其欲自固其身,而天子不yuftJiAnclWoddyJch*rgqlx)cuzhlsu*ylrqunxhnAtqlylx)hAy悦。奸臣得以乘其隙,错之所以自全者,乃其所以自祸欤!力rn译文tinxd*>hu6honxuibrnp¾nhuld。0OSybi6nHMxhG½讣。hulAnd)n<ni天下的祸患,最不能挽回的,莫过于表面上社会安定没yuhudIudndrshljlsb11HqucunZdixhcbndi11nyinsuxioJfdiknxhchuIudnf有祸乱,而实际上却存在着不安定因素。消极地看着祸乱发NKMqgbCiOIiAnnfOnnRhCtSdu)f22kCn9pdKuMudnjiGhulfzhn42kCn生却不去想方设法对付,那么恐怕祸乱就会发展到无可挽huldedbiQIlijinjud)ZhiXhltyudnxlntinxi11y!J!11hxlgunyzh回的地步。起来坚决地制止它,又担心天下人已经习惯于这zMngAn<i)nndobici11oqu0btXlekXIXln»ft2h!yWndXIGrrnjQnz!h6njirtfnAa种安定的表象期不相信我。只有那些仁人君子、豪杰人物,cin¢n996<tInnsMnChOMSigu6jidnd11rrx»tinxizh!dbu*iylqid(?ch¢118jiu才能够挺身而出为国家安定而冒天下之大不魅,以求得成就2iddoqnqyxhbfi11IdiJiQbo力1nn996uMidudr)jidnSlc&riideqCn9伟大的功业。这本来就不是能够在短时间内蹴而就的,更bush)qltxhulqiuntn11Udernsun11zudodegu6ji6ndingpt11Hji11t*uyu611B不是企图追求名利的人所能做到的。国家安定平静,无?彖无godicht,0jGdd%huhunde(MChuin2Chafa)<ftwyun«?n9xh)?hft故地触发巨大的祸患的导火线。我触发了它,我又能制止它,r6nhuc6i11dish>0ftinxiHnhubIubnf6s(h6rqu<*xiny<kd»j5shnshndtbl然后才能有力地说服天下人。祸乱发生却想躲躲闪闪地避kitdrngbi6rtfnq。ch6n11Cnpind11ntMx2nnCIQt)nxiIQndozMnbl开它,让别人去承担平定它的责任,那么天下人的责难,必dinyyoHXbdnH物2dr3Mn5hr定要集中到我的身上。<11flqAnchccu6WnjIrojidx6nxhC<¼9banahjinyljinndXuonK>夕MndIyigXh。b6ua从前晁错弹精竭虑效忠汉室,建议景帝削弱山东诸侯各Hud加BhIH汕shisb11dCngzhbu8<,Hu69nnt<5ngqlbl11Hji®Xhe5h6cb6(cuddenln11yi国的实力。于是山东诸侯各国共同起兵,借着杀晁错的名义。k。%hljinndl31yud6n11dotnwd*>yAngxnpmChdceg%hIoIdi%huAIUtorn可是景帝没有洞察到他们的用心,就把晁错杀了来说服他们tuibfnti6nxir6nd<jMichbocuby!njinzhCc0rxhsh6nzh!hu<GrU11nxfnqubun(ng退兵。天下人都为晁错因尽忠而遭杀身之祸而痛心,却不明bdiqlxhA<qh。fnyudnySnq8shlch>cuzljlZdoCkEde白其中部分原因却是晁错自己造成的。z,i例yllif11shzu6dshiydernbj!11yuch16ib6CUldrciMn8自古以来凡是做大事业的人,不仅有出类拔萃的才能,3。yf(n!)2uji8rGnbobMy2hlcCc19qin<ieXhlShUl/DkdilengfIdn&hOtcng也一定有坚韧不拔的意志。从前大禹治水,凿开龙门,疏通hu11HhdBhlHrwshuldAngliOnhid118Iddezhd11HHQ9fh611shnvizulhuncb6n11shl黄河,使洪水东流入海。当他的整个工程尚未最后完成时,“y61y<jjuddSrndiMn°ktMduhu6hunfGMnsl2htshltshlxiflnJiO坨可能也时有决堤、漫堤等可怕的祸患发生.,只是他事先就预lidbohuzMynhxRhunfsh118shljiubujl11Hhunyshlcu6drn¢nc11HrnndiZhI11t料到会这样,祸患发生时就不惊慌失措而能从容地治理它,softy!Mnq$>buxuixhfl11flq必ChMIQflon0所以能够最终取得成功。qlbund5'118qi11HdoqutMnxi6rxudn>tt6rarnqllip11Iuannndoxhf七国那样强大,却突然想削弱它,他们起来叛乱难道值d。Q<udnaCMeCShd?AiZhWahib5uhuChQzjldntlnn11l119v*itinxir6nch11fl得奇怪吗?晁错不在这个时候豁出自己的性命,为人卜人承sbudld11Hdo116nc11hdrkzhin)cMdntu6drninyunqMjrdnviIeboqu6nZl受抵挡大难从而控制吴、楚等国的命运,却居然为了保全自jl<k>x)f½311)nntia11nrnnj!n11dlytjiqlnzhfi11np!n<dlngpn)unArrjlIid<hujl11i>ch日旧zi己的性命想让景帝御驾亲征平定叛乱而自己留守京城。再shundlidoq!q!3u6ZhlIiwndeshiShUfnoxiJli11nylngMndMitifrWyuz11m说那挑起七国之乱的是谁呢?自己想赢得那个美名,又怎么Mmd3M冰CtnghUMMnfundqTnxldaiI>lngpin9d)ng)nlund11jlqlBdiXIanyIIQ能躲避这场患难呢?拿亲自带兵平定叛乱的极其危险,与留5bujlnrh¢11Hdrj(qfnqunxidrblzjlshRyinf6hu6lundeZhGr>uxunz6xui守京城的极其安全相比,自己是个引发祸乱的主谋,选择最nqundnAhlqlr0破zuftqShdZln3»XidndoNhlnl9IiOqihu11gdlqZSxhidShi安全的事楮去做,却把最危险的事情留给皇帝去做,这疑是rtyXhdCeChGnyishln?nfn时bupingd?yu6ny!110xiZhSSCsh(hujishtfiiyuyuan让忠臣义士们愤怒不平的原因啊。在这个时候,即使没有袁Angchocu6yX>knn9nny)hahCnxhlhu6vishnarw»rjlxingyAoHQ%HU盎,晁错也不可能免于杀身之祸。为什么呢?自己想要留守j(119chrQU右jidou118diyujiq!nxh11(anqln11laishadhu6n9diWnI6iylj!11nju京城,却叫皇帝御驾亲征,按情理来说,皇帝本来已经觉doxhJtMmanAfiqlnnQsihlqtngdnyuhh6nIfln<iu)tdo)inxh>&yn<)7hngho得这是勉为其难的事情,但又不好反对他的建议,这样正好8iyunc11HylJinchdnyn加Jlhuishlt6drwjdindrw破Ud6ch6nJidru»0ch给袁盎以进谗言的机会,使他的目的能够得逞。假若吴、楚d¾ngnTDuAang%hlch6ncuhuChQxlnfnInqchGnsidAnxhiy)VOiXldnd。pf1111pdnzhC<½)<½n等七国叛乱时,晁错豁出性命承担这危险的平叛重担,ylJiriXidrwculhun6dosidrXanIibnjOndjixi119d611binydnzhyldoirnz,ijl以继日像淬火磨刀似的训练军队,向东边严阵以待,让自己doj11zhbZhlyshud6ct,6nYGUnra>hur)diiihutChCtXlfSykMtGrIXiju的君主不至于受到烦忧,那么皇帝就会充分依靠他而不觉drq!gu6ponIucnyftu三h6nmk"p<gshlyuylbig®yuan11hnn»yuJlMcM11hM得七国叛乱有什么可怕。纵使有一百个袁盎,能有机可乘离jntdnnnJQnCIWG11。间他们君臣吗?diJ唉!1dejnxlr9u6inHyoJidnBwiddrH<kyYtndjiiib(iyoko的君子如果想要建立伟大的功业,那就不要考)0hoqu6lnnnlr«)dni2JiArch6<cu八j!ql11x)dbiblng<)0tofdU<hdng虑保全性命的计策。假如晁错自己亲自带兵去讨伐吴、楚等q!Hu6biiyldin11jiubhucb<nHnO<¾th!y!nt6yix!nxidnbqnxlshn6rrd6七国,不一定就不会成功。只因他一心想保全自身,而惹得hnqdlh。9<xln9aiiflh6nxh4*rtghflochn3xunInIUmgzlChgCgQIQHOqudnxljl&皇帝不高兴,奸臣正好趁此钻了空子。晁错些图保全自己的三xhn11shltzhoxhish6shnxh!huddeynyin0,正是他招致杀身之祸的原因啊!