【中英文对照版】中华人民共和国未成年人保护法(2024修正).docx

中华人民共和国未成年人保护法(1991年9月4日第七届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十一次会议通过2006年12月29日第十届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十五次会议第一次修订根据2012年10月26日第十一届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十九次会议关于修改中华人民共和国未成年人保护法的决定第一次修正2020年10月17日第十三届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十二次会议第二次修订根据2024中华人民共和国未成年人保护法(2024修正)1.awofthePeop1.e,sRepub1.icofChinaontheProtectionofMinors(2024Amendment)制定机关：全P1.人大冬冬会发文字号：中华人民共和国主序令第24号公布日期：2024.0426施忏日期：2024.04.26效力位阶：法律法规臭别：老少如幼残保护IssuingAu1.hori1.y:StandingCommitteeof(heNationa1.Peop1.esCongressDocumentNumber：OrderNo.24Of1.hePresidentof(hePeop1.e'sRepub1.icofChinaDa1.eIssued：04-26-2024Effcc1.NcDa1.e:04-26-20241.eve1.ofAu1.hori1.y:1.awsAreaof1.aMProtectionfor(heE1.der1.y.Young,Women,andDisab1.ed1.awofthePeop1.e'sRepub1.icofChinaontheProtectionofMinors(Adoptedatthe21stsessionoftheStandingCommitteeoftheSeventhNationa1.Peop1.e'sCongressonSeptember4,1991,revisedforthefirsttimeatthe25thsessionoftheStandingCommitteeoftheTenthNationa1.Peop1.e'sCongressonDecember29,2006,amendedforthefirsttimeaccordingtotheDecisiononAmendingthe1.awofthePeop1.e,sRepub1.icofChinaontheProtectionofMinorsatthe29thsessionoftheStandingCommitteeoftheE1.eventhNationa1.Peop1.e'sCongressonOctober26,2012,revisedforthesecondtimeatthe22ndsessionoftheStandingCommitteeoftheThirteenthNationa1.Peop1.e'sCongressonOctober17,2020,andamendedforthesecondtimeaccordingtotheDecisionoftheStandingCommitteeoftheNationa1.Peop1.e'sCongresstoAmendthe1.awofthePeop1.e'sRepub1.icofChinaonthePopu1.arizationofAgricu1.tura1.Techno1.ogy,the1.awofthePeop1.e'sRepub1.icofChinaontheProtectionofMinors,andtheBiosecurity1.awofthePeop1.e'sRepub1.icofChinaatthe9thSessionoftheStandingCommitteeoftheFourteenthNationa1.Peop1.e'sCongressofthePeop1.e'sRepub1.icofChinaonApri1.26,2024)年4月26日第十四届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第九次会议关于修改中华人民共和国农业技术推广法、中华人民共和国未成年人保护法、中华人民共和国生物安全法的决定第二次修正）Contents目录ChapterIGenera1.Provisions第一章总则ChapterI1.ProtectionbytheFami1.y第二章家庭保护ChapterIIIProtectionbySchoo1.s笫三章学校保护ChapterIVProtectionbytheSociety第四章社会保护ChapterVProtectionontheNetwork笫五章网络保护ChapterV1.ProtectionbyGovernments第六章政府保护ChapterV1.1.Judicia1.Protection第七章司法保护ChapterV1.1.1.1.ega1.1.iabi1.ity第八章法律责任ChapterIXSupp1.ementaryProvisions第九章附贝ChapterIGenera1.Provisions第一章总则Artic1.e1This1.awisdeve1.opedinaccordance第一条为了保护未成年人身心健康，保障未成年人合法权益，促进未成年人德智体美劳全面发展，培养有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的社会主义建设者和接班人，培养担当民族复兴大任的时代新人，根据宪法，制定本法。withtheConstitutionforthepurposesofprotectingthephysica1.andmenta1.hea1.thofminors,safeguardingtheir1.awfu1.rightsandinterests,promotingtheira1.1.-arounddeve1.opmentintermsofmora1.,inte1.1.ectua1.,physica1.,aesthetics,and1.aboreducation,trainingthemtobui1.dersofandsuccessorstothesocia1.istcausewith1.oftyidea1.s,soundmora1.ity,bettereducationandgoodsenseofdiscip1.ine,andfosteringthemasanewgenerationcapab1.eofshou1.deringthemissionofnationa1.rejuvenation.笫二条本法所称未成年人是指未满十八周岁的公民。Article 2 Forthepurposesofthis1.aw,theterm"minors"meanscitizensundertheageof18.第三条国家保障未成年人的生存权、发展权、受保护权、参与权等权利。Article 3 Thestatesha1.1.guaranteeminors'rightto1.ife,righttodeve1.opment,righttobeingprotected,righttoparticipation,andotherrights.未成年人依法平等地享有各项权利，不因本人及其父母或者其他监护人的民族,种族、性别、户籍、职业、宗教信仰、教育程度、家庭状况、身心健康状况等受到岐视。Minorsequa1.1.yenjoya1.1.rightsinaccordancewiththe1.awandsha1.1.notbediscriminatedagainstduetotheethnicity,race,gender,permanenthouseho1.dregistration,occupation,re1.igiousbe1.ief,1.eve1.ofeducation,fami1.ystatus,andphysica1.andmenta1.hea1.thstatus,amongothers,ofthemse1.vesandtheirparentsorotherguardians.笫四条保护未成年人，应当坚持最有利于未成年人的原则。处理涉及未成年人事项，应当符合下列要求：Article 4 Intheprotectionofminors,theprincip1.eofinthebestinterestofminorssha1.1.beadheredto.Thehand1.ingofmattersinvo1.vingminorssha1.1.satisfythefo1.1.owingrequirements:（一）给予未成年人特殊、优先保护；（二）尊重未成年人人格尊(1) Offeringspecia1.andpreferentia1.protectiontominors.(2) Respectingthepersona1.dignityofminors.(3) Protectingtheprivacyofandpersona1.informationonminors.（三）保护未成年人隐私权和个人信息；(4)Fo1.1.owingthe1.awsandcharacteristicsofminors'menta1.andphysica1.hea1.thdeve1.opment.（四）适应未成年人身心健康发展的规律和特点；(5) 1.isteningtotheopinionsofminors.（五）听取未成年人的意见;(6) Combiningprotectionwitheducation.（六）保护与教育相结合。Artic1.e5Thestate,society,schoo1.sandfami1.iessha1.1.educateminorsinrespectofidea1.s,mora1.ity,science,cu1.ture,1.ega1.system,nationa1.security,hea1.th,and1.abor,strengthentheeducationofminorsinrespectofpatriotism,co1.1.ectivism,andsocia1.ismwithChinesecharacteristics,fosteramongthemthesocia1.ethicsof1.ovingthemother1.and,thepeop1.e,working,science,andsocia1.ism,fightagainstthecorrosiveinf1.uencesofcapita1.ism,feuda1.ismandotherdecadentideo1.ogies,andguideminorsinestab1.ishingandpracticingthecoresocia1.istva1.ues.第五条国家、社会、学校和家庭应当对未成年人进行理想教育、道德教肓、科学教育、文化教育、法治教育、国家安全教育、健康教育、劳动教育，加强爱国主义、集体主义和中国特色社会主义的教育，培养爱祖国、爱人民、爱劳动、爱科学、爱社会主义的公德，抵制资本主义、封建主义和其他腐朽思想的侵住，引导未成年人树立和践行社会主义核心价值观。笫六条保护未成年人，是国家机关、武装力量、政党、人民团体、企业事业单位、社会组织、城乡基层群众性自治组织、未成年人的监护人以及其他成年人的共同资任。Article 6 Protectingminorsisthecommonresponsibi1.ityofstateorgans,armedforces,po1.itica1.parties,peop1.e'sorganizations,enterprisesandpub1.icinstitutions,socia1.organizations,se1.f-governingmassorganizationsatgrass-roots1.eve1.inurbanandrura1.areas,guardiansofminorsandotheradu1.ts.国家、社会、学校和家庭应当教育和希助未成年人维护自身合法权益，增强自我保护的意识和能力。Thestate,society,schoo1.sandfami1.iessha1.1.educateandhe1.pminorstoprotecttheir1.awfu1.rightsandinterests,andenhancetheirawarenessandcapabi1.ityofprotectingthemse1.ves.笫七条未成年人的父母或者其他监护人依法对未成年人承担监护职责。Article 7 Parentsorotherguardiansofminorssha1.1.assumetheirguardianshipdutiesforminorsaccordingtothe1.aw.国家采取措施指导、支持、帮助和监督未成年人的父母或者其他监护人履行监护职责。Thestatesha1.1.takemeasurestoguide,support,assistandsupen/iseparentsorotherguardiansofminorsinperformingtheirguardianshipduties.第八条县级以上人民政府应当将未成年人保护工作纳入国民经济和社会发展规划，相关经费纳入本级政府预算。Article 8 Thepeop1.e'sgovernmentsatorabovethecounty1.eve1.sha1.1.incorporatetheprotectionofminorsintothenationa1.economicandsocia1.deve1.opmentp1.ansandincorporatethere1.evantexpensesintothegovernmentbudgetsatthecorresponding1.eve1.s.笫九条各级人民政府应当重视和加强未成年人保护工作。县级以上人民政府负责妇女儿童工作的机构，负责未成年人保护工作的组织、协调、指导、督促，有关部门在各自职责范围内做好相关工作。笫十条共产主义青年团、妇女联合会、工会、残疾人联合会、关心下一代工作委员会、青年联合会、学生联合会、少年先锋队以及其他人民团体、有关社会组织，应当协助各级人民政府及其有关部Article 9 Peop1.e'sgovernmentsata1.1.1.eve1.ssha1.1.attachimportancetoandstrengthentheprotectionofminors.Theinstitutionsofthepeop1.e'sgovernmentsatorabovethecounty1.eve1.inchargeofwomen,sandchi1.dren'sworksha1.1.organize,coordinate,guide,andsupervisetheeffectivecomp1.etionoftheworkontheprotectionofminorsbythere1.evantdepartmentswithinthescopeoftheirrespectiveduties.Article 10 Thecommunistyouth1.eagueorganizations,women'sfederations,tradeunions,disab1.edpersons'federations,workingcommitteesforthecareofthenextgeneration,youthfederations,students'federations,youngpioneers'organizationsandotherpeop1.e'sorganizations,andre1.evantsocia1.organizationssha1.1.assistthepeop1.e'sgovernmentsata1.1.1.eve1.s门、人民检察院、人民法院做好未成年人保护工作，维护未成年人合法权益。第十一条任何组织或者个人发现不利于未成年人身心健康或者侵犯未成年人合法权益的情形，都有权劝阻、制止或者向公安、民政、教育等有关部门提出检举、控告。国家机关、居民委员会、村民委员会、密切接触未成年人的单位及其工作人员，在工作中发现未成年人身心健康受到侵害、疑似受到侵害或者面临其他危险情形的，应当立即向公安、民政、教育等有关部门报告。有关部门接到涉及未成年人的检举、控告或者报告，应当依法及时受理、处置，并以适当方式将处理结果告知相关单位和人员。第十二条国家鼓励和支持未成年人保护方面的科学研究，建设相关学科、设置相关专业，加强人才培养。第十三条国家速立健全未成年人统计调查制度，开展andtheirre1.evantdepartments,thepeop1.e'sprocuratorates,andthepeop1.e'scourtsineffective1.yperformingtheworkofprotectionofminorsandsafeguardingthe1.awfu1.rightsandinterestsofminors.Article 11 Anyorganizationorindividua1.findinganycircumstancethatisharmfu1.tothephysica1.andmenta1.hea1.thofminorsorinfringinguponthe1.awfu1.rightsandinterestsofminorssha1.1.havetherighttodiscourageandstopsuchcircumstance,orfi1.eanaccusationorcomp1.aintagainstitwiththepub1.icsecurity,civi1.affairs,education,andotherre1.evantdepartments.Stateorgans,residents'committees,vi1.1.agers'committees,entitiesinc1.osecontactwithminorsandtheirstaffmembersfindinginworkthatminors'physica1.andmenta1.hea1.thhasbeeninfringedupon,issuspectedofbeinginfringedupon,orisfacingotherdangeroussituationssha1.1.immediate1.yreporttothepub1.icsecurity,civi1.affairs,educationandotherre1.evantdepartments.Re1.evantdepartmentsreceivinganaccusation,comp1.aintorreportinvo1.vingminorssha1.1.acceptandhand1.eitinatime1.ymanneraccordingtothe1.aw,andnotifythere1.evantentityandpersonne1.ofthehand1.ingresu1.tsinanappropriatemanner.Article 12 Thestatesha1.1.encourageandsupportthescientificresearchonprotectionofminors,estab1.ishre1.ateddiscip1.inesandmajors,andstrengthenta1.enttraining.Article 13 Thestatesha1.1.estab1.ishandimproveastatistica1.investigationsystemforminors,carryoutstatisticsof,investigationinto,andana1.ysisonminors'hea1.th,education,andotherconditions,andissuere1.evantinformationontheprotectionofminors.Article 14 Tmendandrewardorganizationsandindividua1.sthathavemadeoutstandingachievementsintheprotectionofminors.ChapterI1.ProtectionbytheFami1.yArticle 15 Parentsorotherguardiansofminorssha1.1.1.earnaboutknow1.edgeonfami1.yeducation,acceptguidanceonfami1.yeducation,andcreateafavorab1.e,harmoniousandcivi1.izedfami1.yenvironment.Otheradu1.tfami1.ymembers1.ivingtogetherwithminorssha1.1.assistparentsorotherguardiansofminorsinraising,educatingandprotectingtheminors.Article 16 Parentsorotherguardiansofminorssha1.1.assumethefo1.1.owingguardianshipdutiesaccordingtothe1.aw:(1) Providingminorswithguaranteesin1.ife,hea1.th,safetyandotherrespects.(2) Payingattentiontothephysio1.ogica1.andpsycho1.ogica1.conditionsandemotiona1.needsofminors.未成年人健康、受教育等状况的统计、调查和分析，发布未成年人保护的有关信息。第十四条国家对保护未成年人有显著成绩的组织和个人给予表彰和奖励。第二章家庭保护第十五条未成年人的父母或者其他监护人应当学习家庭教育知识，接受家庭教育指导，创造良好、和睦、文明的家庭环境。共同生活的其他成年家庭成员应当协助未成年人的父母或者其他监护人抚养、教育和保护未成年人。第十六条未成年人的父母或者其他监护人应当履行下列监护职责：(一)为未成年人提供生活、健康、安全等方面的保障；(二)关注未成年人的生理、心理状况和情感需求；(3) Educatingandguidingminorsinobserving1.aw(三)教育和引导未成年人遵anddiscip1.ine,beingdi1.igentandthrifty,and纪守法、勤俭节约，养成良好deve1.opingsoundideo1.ogy,mora1.ityand的思想品德和行为习惯；behaviora1.habits.(4) Providingsafetyeducationforminorsandimprovingtheirse1.f-protectionawarenessandcapabi1.ity.(5) Respectingtherightofminorstoreceiveeducationandensuringthatminorsofschoo1.agereceiveandcomp1.etecompu1.soryeducationinaccordancewiththe1.aw.(6) Guaranteeingthetimeofminorsforrest,recreationandphysica1.exercise,andguidingminorsincarryingoutactivitiesthatarebeneficia1.totheirphysica1.andmenta1.hea1.th.(7) Appropriate1.ymanagingandprotectingthepropertyofminors.(8) Conductingcivi1.juristicactsasrepresentativesofminorsaccordingtothe1.aw.(9) Preventingandstoppingminors'misconduct,andi1.1.ega1.andcrimina1.acts,andreasonab1.ydiscip1.iningthem.(10) Otherguardianshipdutiestobeperformed.Artic1.e17Parentsorotherguardiansofminorssha1.1.notconductthefo1.1.owingacts:（四）对未成年人进行安全教育，提高未成年人的自我保护意识和能力；（五）尊重未成年人受教育的权利，保障适龄未成年人依法接受并完成义务教肓；（六）保障未成年人休息、娱乐和体育般炼的时间，引导未成年人进行有益身心健康的活动；（七）妥善管理和保护未成年人的财产；（八）依法代理未成年人实施民事法律行为；（九）预防和制止未成年人的不良行为和违法犯霏行为，井进行合理管教；（十）其他应当履行的监护职责。笫十七条未成年人的父母或者其他监护人不得实施下列行为：(1) Ma1.treatingorabandoningminors,i1.1.ega1.1.yp1.acingminorsoutforadoption,orcommittingdomesticvio1.enceagainstminors.(2) Indu1.ging,instigatingoruti1.izingminorstocommiti1.1.ega1.andcrimina1.acts.(3) Indu1.gingorinstigatingminorstoparticipateincu1.tsandsuperstitiousactivities,ortoacceptencroachmentbyterrorism,separatism,andextremism,amongothers.(4) Indu1.gingorinstigatingminorstosmoke(inc1.udinge1.ectroniccigarettes,thesamebe1.ow),drinka1.coho1.,gamb1.e,roamthestreetsforbegging,orbu1.1.yothers.(5) Indu1.gingorforcingminorswhoshou1.dreceivecompu1.soryeducationtobedeprivedofeducationordropoutofschoo1.(6) Indu1.gingminorstobeaddictedtotheInternetortohaveaccesstobooks,newspapers,periodica1.s,fi1.ms,radioandte1.evisionprograms,audioandvideorecordings,e1.ectronicpub1.ications,andon1.ineinformation,amongothers,thatareharmfu1.toormayaffecttheirphysica1.andmenta1.hea1.th.(7) Indu1.gingminorstoentercommercia1.entertainmentvenues,bars,businesspremisesforInternetaccessservicesandotherp1.acesthatareinappropriateforminors.（一）虐待、遗弃、非法送养未成年人或者对未成年人实施家庭暴力；（二）放任、教唆或者利用未成年人实施违法犯罪行为：（三）放任、唆使未成年人参与邪教、迷信活动或者接受恐怖主义、分裂主义、极端主义等侵害；（四）放任、唆使未成年人吸烟（含电子烟，下同）、饮酒、赌博、流浪乞讨或者欺凌他人；（五）放任或者迫使应当接受义务教育的未成年人失学、辍学；（六）放任未成年人沉迷网络，接触危害或者可能影响其身心健康的图书、报刊、电影、广播电视节目、音像制品、电子出版物和网络信息等；（七）放任未成年人进入营业性娱乐场所、酒吧、互联网上网服务营业场所等不适宜未成年人活动的场所；(8) A1.1.owingorforcingminorstoengagein1.abor()允许或者迫使未成年人otherthanthoseprescribedbythestate.(9) A1.1.owingorforcingminorstomarryconc1.udingengagementsforminors.or（九）允许、迫使未成年人结婚或者为未成年人订立婚约：(10) I1.1.ega1.1.ydisposingoforembezz1.ingthepropertyofminors,oruti1.izingminorstoseeki1.1.icitinterests.(11) Otheractsofinfringinguponthephysica1.andmenta1.hea1.th,propertyrightsandinterestsofminorsorfai1.ingtoperformthedutiesofprotectingminorsinaccordancewiththe1.aw.Article 18 Parentsorotherguardiansofminorssha1.1.provideasafefami1.y1.ivingenvironmentforminors,ande1.iminatepotentia1.safetyrisksthatmaycauseinjuriessuchase1.ectricshocks,sca1.ds,andfa1.1.sinatime1.ymanner;adoptmeasuressuchprovidingsafetyseatsforchi1.drenandeducatingminorstofo1.1.owtrafficru1.estopreventminorsfrombeinginjuredbytrafficaccidents;andraiseawarenessofoutdoorsafetyprotectiontopreventminorsfromdrowning,sufferinganima1.injuries,andotheraccidents.Article 19 Parentsorotherguardiansofminorssha1.1.,basedonminors'ageandinte1.1.ectua1.deve1.opmentstatus,1.istentominors'opinionsandfu1.1.yconsidertheirtruewi1.1.beforemakingdecisionsconcerningminors'rightsandinterests.从事国家规定以外的劳动;（十）违法处分、侵吞未成年人的财产或者利用未成年人牟取不正当利益；（十一）其他侵犯未成年人身心健康、财产权益或者不依法履行未成年人保护义务的行为。笫十八条未成年人的父母或者其他监护人应当为未成年人提供安全的家庭生活环境，及时排除引发触电、烫伤、跌落等伤害的安全隐患；采取配备儿童安全座椅、教育未成年人遵守交通规则等措施，防止未成年人受到交通事故的伤害；提高户外安全保护意识，避免未成年人发生溺水、动物伤害等事故。第十九条未成年人的父母或者其他监护人应当根据未成年人的年龄和智力发展状况，在作出与未成年人权益有关的决定前，听取未成年人的意见，充分考虑其真实意愿。笫二十条未成年人的父母或者其他监护人发现未成年Article 20 Parentsorotherguardiansofminorsfindingthatminors'physica1.andmenta1.hea1.thhasbeeninfringeduponorissuspectedofbeinginfringedupon,orminors'other1.awfu1.rightsandinterestshavebeeninfringeduponsha1.1.1.earnaboutthesituationandtakeprotectivemeasuresinatime1.ymanner;andimmediate1.yreporttothepub1.icsecurity,civi1.affairs,educationandotherdepartments,underseriouscircumstances.Article 21 Parentsorotherguardiansofminorssha1.1.not1.eaveminorsundertheageofeightorneedingspecia1.careduetophysica1.orpsycho1.ogica1.conditionsunattended,orhandthemovertopersonswithoutcapacityforcivi1.conduct,personswith1.imitedcapacityforcivi1.conduct,personswithsevereinfectiousdiseases,orotherinappropriatepersonsfortemporarycare.Parentsorotherguardiansofminorssha1.1.nota1.1.owminorsundertheageof16to1.ivea1.onewithoutguardianship.Article 22 Parentsorotherguardiansofminorsthatcannotfu1.1.yperformguardianshipdutieswithinacertainperiodoftimeduetoreasonssuchas1.eavingtheirhometownstoworksha1.1.entrustpersonswithfu1.1.capacityforcivi1.conductandabi1.ityofcaretotakecareofminors;andthosewhohavenojustifiedreasonssha1.1.notentrustotherstotakecareofminors.人身心健康受到侵害,疑似受到侵害或者其他合法权益受到侵犯的，应当及时了解情况并采取保护措施；情况严重的，应当立即向公安、民政、教育等部门