主谓一致.docx

主调一样（一）谓语动词不仅要考虑适当的时态、语态，还要留意谓语必需在人称和数上和主语保持一样.谓语和主语在人称和数上保持一样就叫做主谓一样。（二）英语中主语的单复数确定调语动词应当实行相应的形式.大致说来共有以下几种状况；港点一荐勋叼两个做主讲的幺次或代词用eitheror.neithernot.noton1.ybuta1.so,therebe连接时，调语动词与最近的主语和人称和数一样.（就近原则）例如：EitherheorIamuohr.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherknowsanythingaboutit.Noton1.ythestudentsbuta1.sotheteacherisactiveinsports（2）主4K4M（ji后面跟有aswe1.1.as.with,Ionethcrwith,inc1.udi11>1.ike,but,expect,no1.essthan,ratherthan,morethan,besides,inadditionto,CombinedWith,accompaniedby等短语时，调语动词仍用单数形式。例如：Sheaswe1.1.astheotherstudentshas1.earnedhowtotype.OUrschoo1,withsomefewschoo1.s,wasbui1.tinthe1950s.NobodybutthestudentsisinthecIassruooi.（3）两个或两个以上的并列主语Ihand连接时,假如表示不同概念.谓谱动词用复数：假如表示同一概含，谓语动词用单数。例如：ThesingerandIhCdancercomefro三Guanxi.ThesingeranddancercomefromGuangxi.注：Eggandriceisherusua1.breakfast«ea1.她的早点通常是蛋炒tS”Sa1.tandwaterisa1.soakindofmedicine.盐开水也是一种药.ThehaomerandSiCkIewasf1.yingro三atai1f1.agpo1.e.魄刀和铁锁构成的旗子在高高的机杆上飘扬。这些主谙中,两种抽象的东西被人们看作不行分开的整体,两个名词构成了一种食品.这个时候,调语动词用单数。同样的状况还有：knifeandfork,stripsandstars等搭配。这种状况卜只能详细分析。用and连接的两个单数名词作主语，若前面有each,every,no等词修饰，请语动词用单数形式，Inourcountry,everyboyandeverygir1.hastherighttoreceiveeducation.在我国男孩和女孩都有受教化的权利.Noteacherandnostudentisadmitted.师生一律不准入内。(5) “a1.1.(of),ha1.f(of),some(of)以及remainder(of).thebest(of),p1.enty(of),apartof,aproportionof等+名词”作主诏时.谓谓动词的单复数取决于Of后的名词是单数还是以数，或者详细的上下文而定。例如：Mostofhissparetimewasspentinrending.Mostofthehousesinthistownarener.Ha1.fofthefoodisunfittoeat.I1.a1.fofthebooksarenove1.sManyguestshave1.eftandtheremainderarestayingherefornight.(6) SOM(any,no,every)+thir(body,one)作主语,代词GaCh,everyone,noone,neither,either,another,theether作主语，以及either,neither,every,manya,三orcthanone等十名词(代词)作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：Nothinginthewor1.dmovesfasterthan1.ight.Morethanonedefendantisinvo1.vedinthecase.这件案子涉及到不止一个被告.(7)在Qneof÷the÷狂数名词+定语从句的结构中，定语从句一般视为修饰虹数名词，故从句中谓语动词用更数形式。例如XThisisoneofthe1.aboratoriesthathavebeenbui1.tthisyearinourinstitute.这是我院今年建成的试验室之*注.-rheoneof或数名词和theon1.yoneof复数名词+定语从句”结构中，定语从句应视为修饰单数名记J,故从句谓谙动词用单数形式.例如：Hewastheon1.yoneoftheboyswhowasgivenaprize.他是这线孩子中唯一得奖的。(8) *a1.otof(1.otsof.p1.entyof,aheapof.1.oadsof,awor1.dof,af1.dof.astoreof,amassof)+名词的短语以及分数百分数+名词的短语”作主语时，词语动词形式要依据短语中的中心词的单发数来确定。例如：1.otsofdamagewascausedbythefire.Three-fourthsofthepeop1.epresentareagainstthep1.an.与会者中有四分之三反对这项安排“akindof,aseriesof.nportionof,aspeciesof,agroupof,apieceOf等十名词(单数或笈数广作主语时，谓语动词用域数形式。例ShThereisakindoftreeinthegardenwhichf1.owersonceineverytwoyears.花园里有一种树每两年开一次花CA1.argeproportionofherPOCn1.Swaspub1.ishedafterherdeath.比较：Menofthiskindaredangerous.(10)“the+形容词”作主语，假如指一类人，位于动词用狂数：假如指某个特定的人位于动词用单数.例如：thepoor,therich,thedeaf,thebrave,thedead,theO1.d等，Theo1.darewe1.1.1.ookedafterbythegovernment.TheaccusedwasfoundRui1.ty,那个被告被证明有罪。(IDuoneortwo+复数名词“时，iP；诏动何祐是复数，但是若这个结构前有on1.y修饰时,谓语动词可以用单数,例如:Thereareoneortwoprob1.emstobetack1.edtoday.Oneort>oso1.diershavetobesent.On1.yawordorIWUis(are)misprinted.#Exercises1) Breadandbut1.erwhatAmeriCanSusua1.1.yhaveforbreakfast.A)areB)isC)wasD)were2) EaChboyandgir1.givenagiftonChriStm於Day.A)isB)aitC)wereD)was3) NobodybutJackandJancmadegreatprogressinthec1.assrecent1.y.A)haveB)hasC)hadD)hasbeen4) Jimistheon1.yoneof(hes1.affnenbeniwhotobeprHed.A)arcB)havebeenC)isD)hasbeen5) Manyachi1.dowa1.kbefbrehecanspeak.A)1.earnB)IcamsC>1.earnedD>have1.ea11d6) Noton1.yhebuta1.soItoworkhardandpasstheexam.A)wantB)wantsC)wantedD)wanting7) Evcr)meanstriedbutwithnoend.A)havebeenB)havehadC)hasbeenD)arc8) Myhouseandhomeat108Mary1.and.A)areB>isC)wereD)isbeing9) Ahorseandcarriagenotmuchusednowadays.A)isB)areC)wereD)isIObe10) Manyawriterofnewspaperartic1.estoitingnove1.s.A)hasturnedB)haveturnedC)beingturnedD)arcgoingtoturn11) Eithertheteachersorthepresidentthence1.ing.A)attendsB)atcndC)arcunendingD)havea11cndc<1.12) Neitherofyoursuggestionssense.A)makesB)makeC)isudeD)arcmade13) Noneofyourprojects.A)workingoutB)workoutC)isworkedoutD)areWOrkedout14) Goingtobedear1.yandgettingupear1.yagoodhabit.A)isB)arcC)wereD)was15) Statis1.icshismostdifficu1.tsubjectandtheyare;d1.worried1.1.uthewon'tpassthe1.est.A)isB)areC)wasD)were16) S1.a1.MiCS(hatmostofIhePUbIKhedandquo<edscientificartic1.esarere1.ated(omedica1.science.A)hasshownB)isshownC)showD)shows17) EveryonewhoreadWomenin1.ovesaiditoneof(hebestbooksby1.awrence.A)isB)wasC)hadbeenD)hasbeen18) Theteacherto1.dusthattorememberdetai1.s,itimportanttotakenoteswhi1.e1.istening(o(he1.ecture.A)wou1.dbeB>hadbeenC)wasD)is19) Aseriesofdebatesbetween(beIMorCandida1.eSschedu1.edforthe1.aborDayweekend1.astweek.A)isB)arcC)wasD)Wene20) TVoImndredandfiftypounds(oounreasonab1.eaPriCeforasecond-handcar.A)isB)areC)wereD)be21) Twentyminutes_a1.ongtimeforonewhowaits.A)seemB)seemsC)Seen)edD)areSee1.ned22) Davidisoneoftheboyswhoadriving1.icense.A)hasB)haveC)ishavingD)archaving23) TheaudienceIheirscatsin(hemusicha1.1.A)arctakingB)istakingC)arctakenD)wastaking24) Thesa1.esmanto1.dmethatagoodsetoftiresguaranteedtorunat1.eastfiftythousandmi1.es.A)wasB)wereC)hadbeenD)wi1.1.be25) UPionow.themajorityof(heUndergraduaiesenro1.1.edfor(hisse1.ectedcourse.A)hasbeenB)haveC)hadbeenD)wou1.dhavebeen26) Thepo1.iceaskedthatanyonewhosawtheaccidentshou1.dgetin(ouchwith.A)have.t1.>emB)has.himC)have.himD)has.them27) 1don'tthinkonehundreddo1.1.arsabigsumofmoneytohim.A)wi1.1.beB)wou1.dbeC)isD)arc28) NoneofIhcshopsinIhCdowntownbefore8prn.A)isgoingtobec1.osedB)wi1.1.bec1.osingC)isc1.osingD)arcbeingc1.osed29) Fivemu1.tip1.iedby(wo(en.A)isequa1.B)equa1.sC)equa1.withD)equa1.to50) Myfriendandc1.assmatePau1.motorcyc1.esinhissparetime.A)raceB)racesC)isracedD)isracing