主谓一致之意义一致原则.docx
主谓一样一逻辑意义一样原则一.主谓样的种类I.语法形式上的一样主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为且数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。如：Thenumberofthestudentspresentis2(X).JaneandMary1.ooka1.ike.2 .意义上一样1)主语形式虽为单数，但意义为其数，谓语动词用更数。如：Thecrowdwereshouting.单数形式代表更数内容的词有：peop1.e,Came,等.2)主语形式为且数，而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数。如：Thenewswassosurprising.形宓意单的单诃有news和些以ics结尾的学科名称，如physics,po1.itics,economics等。3 .就近原则即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。如用连词or,either.”,neithernot,noton1.ybuta1.so等连接的并列主语，假如个是单数，个是比数，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一样。如：EitheryourstudentsorMr.Wangknowsthis.二、逻辑意义样原则逻辑意义一样就是谓语动词的数必需和主语的意义一样(因有时主语形式为单数，但意义为复数：有时形式为复数，但意义为单数)。1. what,who,which,any.more,a1.1.等代词可以是单数，也可是豆数，主要苑意思来确定。如：Which(be)yourbag?/Which(be)yourbags?A1.1.(be)goingwe1.1./AU(be)gonetoBeijing.a. Iknowthata1.1.gettingonwe1.1.withher.wereB.areC.isD.wasb. Theboy$iuingbythewindowistheon1.yoneofthestudentswhofromtheCoUnIrySidCinourschoo1.A.wasB.wereC.isD.arc2.表示“时间、重量、长度、价值”等的.名词的或数作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式，这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体，如：Thirtyminutesisenoughfortheworka. Twentymi1.esa1.ongwaytocover.A.SeemtobeB.isC.areD.wereb. Tenthousanddo1.1.arsquitea1.argesum.A.arcB.isC.wereD.have3.若英语是书名'片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的史数形式，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。如：*ThcArabianNights,'isaninterestingstory-book.a. TheArabianNightswe1.1.knowntoEng1.ish1.overs.A.isbeingB.areC.wereD.isb. TheUnitedNationsin1945.A.wasfoundB.wasfoundedC.werefoundedD.werefoundc. Storiesofthe1.ongMarchpopu1.arwiththeyoungpeop1.enow.A.isB.wasC.areD.were4,表示数量的OnCandaha1.f后，名词要用复数形式，但是其短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，例如：OnCandaha1.fbananasis1.eftonthetab1.e.a.Oneandaha1.fapp1.esonthetab1.e.A.are1.eftB.is1.eftC.have1.eftD.has1.eft5.算式中表示数目(字)的主语通常作单数看待，其谓语动词采纳班数形式。如：Twe1.vep1.useightistwenty./Fifty-sixdividedbyeightisseven.a. Ninep1.usthreetwe1.ve.A.aremakingB.ismakingC.makeD.makesb. 些学科名诃是以ics结尾，如：InaIhematics,po1.itics,physics以及news,SVOrkS等，都属丁形式上是史数的名词，实际意义为单数名词，它们作主语时.其谓语动词要用单数形式。如：Thepaperworkswasbui1.tin1990.a. Po1.iticsoneofthesubjectsthatIstudy.A.areB.isC.wereD.wasb. Mathematicsthe1.anguageofscience.A.arcB.arcgoingtobeC.isD.istobe7 .trousers,g1.asses,c1.othes»shoes,等词作主语时，调语用复数，但假如这些名词前有a(the)Pairof等量词修饰时，谓语动词用单数。如：Thcpairofshoesunderthebedishis.a.Thispairoftrouseistoo1.ongforhim.A.isB.beC.areD.wereb.Myg1.assesbrokenA.isB.areC.beingD.hasbeing8 .“定冠词the+形容词或分词”，表示某一类人时，动词用第数。a.ThcpoorinanUndcvc1.cpcdcountrj,X.1.iveB.1.ivedC.1.ivesD.1.ivingb.T1eb1.indinspecia1.schoo1.s.A.studyB.studiesC.SiudyingD.studied练习：1.1 thinkphysicseasytostudy.A.isn,tB.aren'tC.wasD.hadbeen2. Theo1.dwe1.1.1.ookedafterbythegovernmentinChina.A.isB.arcC.hasbeenD.was3. Yourtrousersdirty,youmusthavewashed.A.is;itB.arc;itC.arc;themD.is;them4.1, TheKites"usastorj,ofthekite'shistory.A.haveto1.dB.te1.1.sC.wereto1.dD.Wiisto1.d5. ThosewhoinComPOSitiOns,p1.easehandtheminthisafternn.A.hasn'thanded;hisB.haven'thanded;theirC.hshanded:theirD.havehanded;his6. IispairofshoesmadeinNanjing.A.isB.areC.havebeenD.hadbeen7. Eighttimeseightsixty-four.A.isB.areC.getD.equa1.8. TheUnitedSta1.esofAmericaoneofthemostdeve1.opedcountriesinthewor1.d.A.isB.areC.wasD.were9. His"Se1.ectedPoems"firstpub1.ishedin1965.A.wereB.wasC.hasbeenD.arc10. A1.1.butoneherejustnow.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.were11. Therichnota1.wayshappy.A.areB.isC.hasD.have12. Thepairofshoeswornout.hadbeenB.havebeenC.wereD.was
