Week 11 文学作品.docx

WeekE1.even文学作品Monday1TUCSdaY2Wednesday3Thursday4Hridav5SaUirdav6主题语境:谙篇类型：词数：难度:题数：4建议用时：7分钟Mondayh1.1.g:“IiIerarydeViCCS.ncUu1.ura1.is11Natura1.ismisaIiterar)-schoo1.thatstartedasamovementinIatcninciccnthccntur>'in1.iterature,fi1.m,theater,andan.hisaIyPeofextremerea1.ism.Thismoven>eHsuggested(hex)!esoffami1.y,socia1.conditions,andenviron11ntinshapinghumancharacter.hus.natura1.isticwriterswritestoriesbasedOn(heideathatCnvironnwntdeterminesandgovernshumancharacter.Wea1.soseeuseofsomeofthescientificprincip1.esinnatura1.isticworks,andhumansstrugg1.ingforSUrViVa1.inhosti1.eanda1.iensociety,*1.nfact,natura1.ismtookitsCUe(线索)fromDarwin'stheoryofcvo1.ution,whichho1.dshat1.ifeis1.ikeaSirugg1.candon1.yIhefittestsurvive.Bothnatura1.ismandrea1.isma1.ierar,genresandinter1.inked.Natura1.ismsuggestsaPh1.hzPhiCaIPe煽mism(悲观主义)inWhkhwritersusescientifictechniquestodepicthumanbeingsasobjectiveandimpartia1.charactoi1.;whereasrea1.ismfocuseson1.iterarytechnique.cviewRc.i1.isin<ks(hins、【h.、apx.,whi1.enatura1.ismportraysacharacter'sactionsand1.ife.znc<>1.udesIhHnatura1.forcespredetermineacharacter'sdecisions,11ukinghim/heractinaparticu1.arway.Rea1.ismposesIhdtadecisionofacharactercomesfromhisresponsetoacertainsituation.TheIhcmcinJack1.ondon'snove1.ToBui1.dAFire,ismanversusnature;thusitisagoodexamp1.eofnatura1.ism.Natura1.isminthisnove1.showshowhumanbeingsneed(obecarefu1.ateverycomer,asdeathcou1.dreachthemanywhere,waitingforthem1.ocommitamistakeandtaketheir1.ives.Wcseethestoryisaboutamanwithhisdogtryingtosun,ivcharsh,co1.dweatherbybui1.dingafire.In1.ct.theauthorusestheDanvinianTheoryof“surviva1.of(hefi11csf'inhiswort;.Theimpactthatnatura1.ismhas1.efton1.iteraryWriICrSisenomHis.1.eadingtotheevo1.utionofthemodemmovementCtcncra1.1.y.isticworksexposedarksidesof1.ifesuchasprejudice.raisntpcrt>.fi1.th.anddi、eas|.SinceU1.eSCworksarcoftenPCSSimiqiCandh1.uni(直率的),(heyreceiveheavycriticismDespitetheechoingpessimisminthisIi1.eraryoutput,natura1.istsaregenera1.1.yconcernedwithimp11>vingthehumanconditionaroundthewor1.d.(345w)1. Wbatdoweknowaboutnatura1.ismaccordingtotheauthor?A. hisa1.iterarygenn?Uar1.edin(heIaie1900s.B. Itisascientifictheoryof“surviva1.ofthefittest*.C. Itisthere1.ationshipofnatureandhumanbeings.D. Itisaparticu1.arwaymanreactstodangers.2. Whaiismain1.yta1.kedaboutinParagraphThree?A. Featuressharedbynatura1.ismandrea1.ism.B. Connoz1.ionsofnatura1.ismwithrea1.ism.C. Differencesbetweennatura1.ismandrea1.ism.D. PriiKipIesusedbynatura1.isma1.rea1.ism.3. WhyisJack1.ondon*snove1.ToBui1.dAFireHien1.iunedinthepassage?A. TostressonDarWinMtheoryofevo1.ution.B. Tohigh1.ight(hewritingtechniquesofnatura1.ism.C. Toana1.yze(herea1.ismusedin1.ondon'snove1.D. Toindicatethatsurviva1.innatureisHeasy.4. Whatisthe1.ike1.yattitudeofnatura1.isticwriterstowardsthewor1.d?A.Enthusiastic.B.Objective.C.Gratefu1.D.Negative.【语篇导读】自然主义是产生于19世纪末。自然主义强调家庭、社会条件和环境在塑造人类性格方面的作用,主张哲学悲观主义.自然主义的灵感来自达尔文的进化论.该理论认为生命就像一场斗争，只有适者生存.1. A细节理解JS。根据natura1.ism定位在第一段第一句,根据Natura1.ismisa1.iterarysch<>1.thatstartedasanwvenentin1.atenineteenthcen(ury>1.)i1.自然主义是19世纪末产生的文学流派,故选A.2. C主旨大意胞,文章第"段将臼然主义与现实主义做了对比，强网了两拧的区别之处.因此C项符合题意要求，3. B可作用总题。根据第四段首句ThethemeinJack1.ondon'snove1.ToBui1.dAFire,isamanversusnature:thusitisagoodexamp1.eofnatura1.ism可知.作齐以杰克伦敦的作品生火3为例，叙述了人与自然的对抗，突出了自然主义文学的写作于法，故选B,4. D推理判断题,根据最后，段Genera1.1.y,natura1.isticworksexposedarksidesof1.ifesuchasprejudice,racism,poverty,111.th.anddisease可知，自然主义在作品中暴露生活的累晤面，如偏见.种族主义,贫穷,肮脏和疾病.田此推知，自然主义作家看待世界的态度是消极的和悲观的，故选D.【长难句分析】Infact,natura1.ism1.ooki(scuefromDarwin,stheoryofevo1.ution,whichho1.ds(hut1.ifeis1.ikeastrugg1.eandon1.ythefittestsunfivc.译文事实上，自然主义的灵感来自达尔文的进化论，该理论认为生命豉像一场斗争,只有适者生存。份析）这是一个主从复合句。Whieh引导非限制性定语从句，山a引导宾语从句。ho1.d此处意为“认为,相信”.【熟词生义】schoo1.熟义：n.学校文中生义：答案：SChooIn学派.流派【全文翻译】自然主义是一种文学流派，起源于19世纪晚期的文学、电影、戏剧和艺术运动。这是一种板端现实主义，这一运动表明家庭、社会条件和环境在型造人类性格方面的作用.因此,自然主义作家根据环境决定和支配人类性格的观点来写故事.我们也可以在自然主义作品中看到一些科学原理的运用,以及人类在敌对和陌生的社会中为生存而奋斗，M实上，自然主义的灵感来自达尔文的进化论，该理论认为生命就像一场斗争，只有道老生存.自然主义和现实主义都是相通的文学体裁.自然主义提出了一种哲学悲观主义.其中作家使用科学技术将人类描绘成客观公正的人物：而现实主义注重的是文学技巧.现实主义描绘产物呈现的样子，而自然主义描绘人物行为和生活的淡定论观点，自然主义的结论是，自然力城预先决定了角色的决定，使他/她以特定的方式行事，现实主义认为知色的决定来自于他对特定情境的反应.杰克伦敦的小说生火的主遨是人与自然的对抗：因此，这是自然主义的另一个很好的例子。小说中的自然主义表现了人类需要在每一个角落小心呢乳，因为死亡可能会到达任何地方，等待他们犯错误并夺走他们的生命。我们看到这个故事是关于一个男人和他的狗试图通过生火来度过严寒的天气.事实J1.作者在他的作品中使用了达尔文的“适者生存”理论.自然主义对文学作家的影响是巨大的，导致了现代运动的演变，一般来说，自然主义作品揭羯生活的阴咯面，如偏见、种族主义、舒穷、肮脏和疾病。由于这些作品往往悲观和自率.他们受到严厉的批评.尽管这些文学作品中充斥着悲观主义.但博物学家通常关心的是改善世界各地的人类状况.【网原文】hups:"Ii1.erar、'de、ices.nc1.，'MUraIimNatura1.ismisa1.iteraryqenrethatstartedasamovementin1.ateniIiciccnthcenturyin1.iterature,fi1.m,theater,anda11.ItisaIyPeofextremeISaIiSmThismovementsuggestedthero1.esoffami1.y,socia1.conditions,andCnVironmenIinshapinghumanCharaCIer.Thus,natura1.isticwriterswritestoriesbasedonhcideathatCnVironmCntdeterminesandgovernshumanWea1.soseeuseofsomeofthescientificprincip1.esin11a1.ura1.is1.icworks,andhumansstrugg1.ingforSUrV1.va1.inhosti1.eanda1.iensociety.Infact,natura1.ismtookitscuefromDarwin'sIheOryofevo1.ution,whichho1.dsthat1.ifeis1.ikeastrugg1.eantion1.ythefinestsurivc.Bothnatura1.ismandrea1.ismare1.iterarygenresandinter1.inked.However.IheIearesomedifferencesbetweenthem:Natura1.ismsuggestsaphi1.osophica1.pessimisminwhichwritersusescientifictechniquestodepicthumanbeingsasobjectiveandimpartia1.characters;whereasrea1.ismfocuseson1.iterarytechnique.Rea1.ismdepictsthingsas(heyappear,whi1.enatura1.ismpor1.raysadete11ninis1.icviewofacharacter'sactionsand1.ite.Natura1.ismconc1.udesthatnatura1.forcespredetermineacharacter'sdecisions,makingIiinVhcrac(inaparticu1.arway.Rea1.ismposes(hatadecisionofaCharaC1.erCOmeSfromhisresponseoacertainsituation.Examp1.e#1:hcGrapesofWraih(ByJohnStcinbcck)JohnSteinbeckisonethemostpopu1.arwriterscomingfromtheschoo1.ofAmericannatura1.ism.Steinbeck,inhisnove1.TheGrapesofWrath,poitrays(heJOadfini1.yanditschangingenvironmentfromthenatura1.isticPOirHOfview,duringtheIGrca1.Depivssionin1.heUnitedSta1.es.HedepictstheJoadfami1.yasinsignificant,instinct-bound,andsma1.1.creaturesboundtoseekaparadisetheymightneverfind.initia1.1.y.WbenIheJoads1.eavehome,(heyarcverysimp1.eandanima1.-1.ikepeop1.e.WhOcou1.dbare1.yunderstandtheirp1.ight.TheyfaceconstantOPPoSi1.ionfromIwopowerfu1.predatorssocietyandnature.However,asthenarra1.ivcprogresses,theybegintoadapttonewcircumstances.Examp1.e#2:TheOpenBoai(BySiephenCrane)S1.ephenCrane,inhisShUnS1.orVTheOpenBoa1.,portraysmenOnaboa1.representinghununenduranceagainstindift'erentnature,wheretheycc1.themse1.veshe1.p1.ess.ThUsitcontainsaecmcofnatura1.ism.Wheneverahugewaveofwaterarrives,itshutscvcr),thingfromthemen'sview,andIheyi1.nagineIhiSPa1.1.iCU1.arwavewou1.dbe(hefina1.O1.Mbreakoftheocean,1.ikein(befo1.1.owing1.ines:*1.fIamgoingtobedrwncd-if1amgoingtobedrowned,why.inthenameofthesevengods,whoru1.ethesevenseas,?”ThiS1.aysemphasisontheirstrugg1.eforsurviva1.and1.ackofchoice.Besides.TheOpenBoa1.symbo1.ica1.1.yrepresentshumanp1.acein1.hehugeUniVCniCwheremanstrugg1.esagainstnature.Fhenweseeadefinitedetermination,asmencannotPEYanypartintheiroutcome,whichresu1.tsinunexpecteddeathofOi1.er,despitebeinganexpertsai1.or.Examp1.e#3:TheAwakening(ByKaieChopin)KateChopin*snove1.ThIAWakCnin区givesanexamp1.eofaperfect11atura1.isiicnove1.,asiu1.eadingcharacter.EdnaPontc1.1.ier.1.ivesinawor1.dwherenooneunderstandsher.NeitherdoesshefitintheCrco1.csociety.Thisoftencausesmisunderstandingsinher1.ife,asshecan,tUnderSIanditspeop1.e:“Ednawonderediftheyhada1.1.gonemad.01*hcn,sherea1.izesthatshehaschosenthewrongmanasherhusband:°.takingoffherweddingring,f1.ungituponthecarpet.Shestampedherhee1.uponit,striving(ocrushi(,”Inaddition,weseethede1.emina1.ionbyindividua1.(rai1.sandbysocieta1.forcesinsidetheiami1.y.Consequent1.y.Ednabecomesavictimofhersocio1.ogica1.pressures.Examp1.e#4:ToBuikiAFirc(ByJack1.ondon)ThethemeinJackgom'snove1.ToBui1.dAFiv.ismanversusnature;thusi(isanothergo<1.examp1.eofnatura1.ism.Natura1.isminthisnove1.showshowhumanbeingsneedtobecarefu1.atCvcrycomer,asdeathcou1.dreachthemanywhere,waitingforthemtocommitamistakeandtaketheir1.ives.Wesee(hesicryisaboutamanwithhisdogtryingtosurviveharsh,co1.dweatherbybui1.dingafire,infact,theauthorusesIheDarwmianTheoryof“surviva1.oftheinhiswork.FunctionofNatura1.ismTheimpactthatnatura1.ismhas1.efton1.iterarywritersisco1.ossa1.,1.eadingtotheevo1.utionof(hemodemn>vement.Genera1.1.y,natura1.isticworksexposedarksidesof1.ifesuchaspjdice,racism,poverty,p11)s1.itu1.ion.fi1.th,anddiseiisc.SinCC1.hcseworksareoftenpessimisticandb1.unt,theyreceiveheavycriticism.Despitetheechoingpessimisminthis1.iteraryoutput,natura1.istsarcgenera1.1.yconcernedwithimprovingthehumanconditionaroundtheWSiId.主题语境：谙篇类型：词数：难度:题数：4建议用时：7分钟Tuesdayhups:"WWWjhCfmuspcop1.uc"nVprufik*'1.io33.phDThomasSteamsE1.iot,betterknownasT.S.E1.iot,wasanAmerican-Eng1.ishPoe1.p1.aywright,1.iterarycritic,andeditor.A1.eaderof(heModernistmovementinx>ety,hi$worksinf1.uencedmanyestab1.ishedBritishpoe1.softhatday.BomintheUnitedStatesofAmericain1.atenineteenthcentury,hewasfascinatedby1.iteraturefnonhisear1.ychi1.dhood,inheritinghi、mother's1.itera1.1.yski1.1.writinghisfirstpoe<ryat(heageoffourteen,*hwasnotunti1.hewasSeventeenthathis1.iteraryta1.entbegantob1.oomandatHarvard,wherehewentforhisundergraduatestudies,hemadequiteanimpressionbhisvgu1.r1.<ntritiontotheH.js.JAdv(But,heactua1.1.ybegantof1.ourishwhenheshifted(c>Eng1.andat(heageoftwenty-six,wherehisfirstpub1.ishedbook.4PrufrockandOtherObservations*,madehimfamousovernightHehadproducedconpanue1.ysma1.1.numberofpoems.Ihatisbecausehewantedeachofthemtobeperfect.FOrhiscontributiontopoetry,hereceivedtheNobc1.Prizein1.iteratureattheageofsixty.T1.ioinasStearnsE1.iotwasbomon26September1888.inSt.1.ouis.Missourii11oadistinguishedfami1.y,having1.hcirrootsbothinO1.dandNewEng1.and.ThmasWaStheyoungestofhisparents,sevenchi1.dren,havingfivesistersandonebrother.InhisChiIdhoOd.Ihcmasspentmostofhistime,readingstoriesaboutWi1.dWestandsavagcs(Jf7).Hewasespecia1.1.yt<MkiofThe/XdvemuresOfTomS<iwyer,.Hisfirstpoems,writtenat【heageoffourteen,wereinspiredbyEdwardFiIZgCrakrSRubaiyatofOinarKhayyam.However,theyturnedouttoberatherg1.oomyandsohedestroyedthem.In1905,T.S.E1.iotgraduatedfromschoo1.andthiswasthetimewhenhis1.iteraryta1.entstartedb1.ooming.Hiso1.destpoem,whichsurvivesinmanuscriptform,waswritteninApri1.1905.hwas1.aterandprintedinIhc1IarvardAdvocateasSEBeforethat,inFebruary1905,hehadanotherpoem.Afab1.eforFeasters',pub1.ishedin:hcSmithAcademyReOOt>A1.sointhesameyear,hehadthreestories卜BkdSofPrcy1ATateofaWha1.e，and'TheManWhoWasKingpub1.ished.(35OW)1. Whathe1.pedcamT.S.EIkMhisreputationin1.iterature?A. Hisfrequentcontributionto(heHarvardAdvocate.B. HisfrspoetryIha1.waswrittenat(heageoffourteen.C. Thepub1.icationof*TrufrockandOtherObservations*1.D. 'hcPOCm"AFab1.eFOrEcastcrs,pub1.ishedin1905.2. WbatcanweinferfromT.S.EIiot,ssuccessin1.iterature?A. He1.earned(hewritingski1.1.sfromhismother.B. Hehadmadepersistentertinwri1.ing.C. Hehadar<bothinO1.dandNewEng1.and.D. Hemadeeverypieceofwritingperfect.3. HowdoesIheauthorhand1.e(hei11roductionofT.S.E1.io,sear1.y1.iieniryworks?A.By1.ime.B.Bysty1.e.C.Bysummarj,.D.Byp1.ace.4. Whatcanbethebesttit1.eofthepassage?A. PioneeroftheM(X1.Cmi3Movement.B. The1.nx>rtanceof1.iteraryTa1.em(oAPoe.C. Px!1.Co1.kc1.iunsofT.S.E1.i1.D. T.S.Eiiot1.ifeand1.itcrarj,Achievement.【语篇导读】Ts,艾略特，美国英国诗人、剧作家、文学评论家和编辑，现代主义诗歌运动的领导者，他的作品影响了当时许多知名的英国诗人。艾略特17岁发表诗歌，26岁成名.60岁因诗歌方面的贡帐获得诺贝尔文学奖。I.C细节埋解Sfi,根据reputation定位在第：段第：.句.根据But.heacua1.1.ybegantof1.ourishwhenheshifted(oEng1.andattheageof(weny-six,wherehisfirstpub1.ishedbook,1.PrufrockandOtherObservations,madehimfamousovernight可知，艾略特二六岁报到英国时，他开始蓬勃发展,在那里他出版了第一本书,£普件弗洛克和其他观察3使他一夜成故选C2.B推理判断题.艾略特从17岁开始创作，26岁成名他一直在坚持文学创作，在诗歌，戏刷，文学批评等方面有很笠建树，尤其因为诗欹方面的贡献获得了诺贝尔文学奖，他成功的关神原因是他室持创作,深耕不假，故选B,3.A推理判断题.作者在介绍艾略特早期文学创作时是以时间为主线的故选A.4.1)主旨大意胞.本文主要介绍了TS艾略特的生平及文学成就，因此D项可以概括本文的主要内容。【长难句分析】Itwasnotunti1.hewasseventeenthathis1.iteraryta1.entbegantob1.oomandatHarvard,wherehewentforhisUndCrgradUatCstudies,hemadequiteanimpressionbyhisregu1.arConiribution(otheHarvardAdvocate.译文JH到17岁，他的文学才华才开始淀放。在哈佛大学(他在那里读本科)，他定期向哈佛IH导者投稿,给人留下了深刻的印象.分析这是一个主从复合句,主句是一个强阔句式.被强调部分是时间状语从句notunti1.hewasseventeen.that引导句子的其他部分,vhere引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Harvardo【熟词生义】estab1.ished熟义：adj.已建立的：确立的文中生义：答案：estab1.ishedadj,资深的；知名的【全文翻译】托马斯斯特恩斯艾略特.更广为人知的名？是TS艾略特,美国-英国诗人、剧作家、文学评论濠和编辑,现代主义诗歌运动的领导者.他的作M影响了当时许多知名的英国诗人。他于19世纪末出生在美国，从小就迷恋文学，缚承了母亲的文字技巧，14岁时写了笫一首诗.宜到17岁,他的文学才华才开始战放.在哈挑大学（他在那里读本科）.他定期向£哈佛倡导者投稿,给人留下了深刻的印思.但是，当他二十六岁接到英国时，他开始蓬勃发展，在那里他出版了第一本书,普督弗洛克和其他观察令，使他一夜成名。他创作的诗歌相对较少，那是因为他希里年背诗都是完美的，由于他对诗歌的贡献，他在60岁时获得了诺贝尔文学奖.托马斯斯特恩斯艾略特于1888年9月26日出生在密苏里州至路易斯的一个显秘的家庭，他们的根在旧英格兰和新英格兰。托马斯是他父母七个孩子中最小的一个，有五个姐妹和一个兄笫，在他的童年,托马斯花了他的大部分时间，读西部和野蛮人的故事。他特别喜欢惆姆索亚历隐记.他的最早的诗歌是在14岁时写的.灵感东目，：“茨二拉德的奥马尔卡亚姬的鲁巴亚特然而,这些诗相当阴郁,所以他把它们付之炬.1905年，TS艾略特从学校毕业，这是他的文学才华开始绽放的时候,他班早的一首诗可于I90S年4月，以手稿形式保存了卜来。后来在哈佛倡导者上以“歌”的名称进行了修订和印刷.在此之前，1905年2月，他在史密斯学院记录上发表了另一首诗，史会的寓古.同年，他出版了三部小说你恭、£缭他的故1门和4国王3。【附原文】hupHMw.hcfamOUSPCOPmUe<t-cHot-33.phpThomasStearnsE1.io.betterknownasT.S.E1.io<,wasanAnwrican-Eiig1.ishpoet,p1.aywright,1.iterarycritic,andeditor.A1.eaderoftheModernistmovemeninp<>e1.ry.hisworksinf1.uencedmanyestab1.ishedBritishPOeISof（hatday.BornintheUnitedStatesAmericainIatcnineteenthccnturj.hewasinfatuacdwith1.iteraturefromhisear1.ychi1.dhood,inheritinghismother's1.itera1.1.yski1.1.,writinghisfirstpoetryattheageoffourteen.Itwasnotunti1.hewasseventeenthathis1.iteraryta1.entbegantobk>mandatHarvard,wherehewentforhisundergraduatestudies,hemadequiteanimpressionbyhisregu1.arcontributiontotheHarvardAdvocate.But,heactua1.1.ybegantof1.ourishwhenheshiftedtoEng1.andattheageofIwenIy-six.wherehisfirstpub1.ishedbook."PrufrockandOtherObservations,madehimfamousovernight.However,forawriterofhisstature,hehadproducedcomparative1.ysma1.1.numberofpoems.Thatisbecausehewantedeachofthemtobeperfect.Forhiscontributiontopoetry,hereceivedtheNobe1.Prizein1.iteratureattheageofsixty.Chi1.dhood&Ear1.y1.ife1.-homasStearnsE1.iotwasbomon26SePtCmber1888.inSt.1.ouis.Missouriintoadistinguishedfami1.y,havingtheirrootsIXwhinO1.dandNewEng1.and.Namedafterhismaterna1.grandfather,T1.iomasSterns,hewasmost1.yca1.1.edTombyhisfami1.yandfriends.Hisfather.HenryWareE1.ioI.wasanindustria1.istandphi1.<11thrpisi.HeservedastheSccretaniattheHydrau1.ic-ErcssBrickCompanybeforebecomingitsPresident.Hewasa1.soaMemberoftheBOardofDirvc1.orsatWashingtonUniversity,co-founicdbyhisfatherWi1.1.iamGreenIeafEIioi.Hismother.Char1.o1.1.eChampeSteamsE1.it.wasaschoo1.teacherandPoe1.She1.oved(odramatizethoseeventsFromhistory,whichref1.ectedthestrugg1.esofmen.dyingfortheirfaith.1.aterin1.ife,she100kpartinsocia1.reforms,providingahouseofdetentionforjuveni1.es.T1.