八种状语从句知识点自己整理练习题及答案.docx

英语语法专项之状语从句1 .时间状语从句2 .条件状语从句3 .缘由状语从句4 .结果状语从句5 .比较状语从句6 .目的状语从句7 .让步状语从句8 .地点状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。依据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，缘由状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。各类状语从句连接词（短语）一览表：时间when,whi1.e,as,assoonas,since,unti1.,after,before,as1.ongas（长达之久）条件If,un1.ess,as/so1.ongas（只要）缘由As,because,since,as/soIongaS（既然,因为）地点Where目的Sothat（为了），inorderthat结果Sothat（便利），so-that,suchthat让步though,a1.though,evenif,however方式As比较than,(not)asas1时间状语从句时间状语从句常见的从属连词有：（貂意其汉语意义）when,whi1.e,as,before,after,since,unti1.（ti1.1.）onceassoonas,themoment,theminute,immediate1.y,direct1.y,each/everytime,thefirsttime,the1.asttime,nexttime,bythetime,whenever等。例如：Every/EachtimeIwasintroub1.e,hewou1.dcometomyhe1.pIthoughtherniceandhonestthefirsttimeImether.留意：（1）When,whi1.e,as的区分:Dwhen引导从句时，主从句的动作有先有后，也可以同时进行,从句的动作可以是持续性的，也可以是短暂的。如：WhenIgottotheairport,thep1.anehada1.readytakenoff.（主先从后）（短暂性）WhenI1.ivedthere,IusedtogototheseasideonSundays.（同时）（持续性）Whenthemovieended,thepeop1.ewentback.（从先主后）2）Whi1.C侧重主从句动作的对比，且从句的动词必需是持续性的。如：Whi1.eWewerechattingshewas1.ookingatthetimetab1.eonthewa1.1.3）as引导从句时侧电主从句动作同时或几乎同时进行，从句的动作可以是持续性的，也可以是短暂的。如：SometimesIwatchTVasIamhavingbreakfast.4）When和Whi1.e还可以是并列连词，意思分别是“就在这时”，“然而”。如：Iwashavingarestonthesofawhenthete1.ephonerang.Theyweresurprisedthatachi1.dshou1.dworkouttheprob1.emwhi1.etheycou1.dn,t.注：并列连词when常用与以内句型中：wasWeredoing-when-（正在做突然）was/wereabouttodowhen（刚要做突然）wasWCrConthepointofdoingWhen（刚要做突然）hadjustdoneWhen.（刚一就）©Hard1.y/Scarce1.yhad-done-when-（j就）（2）before引导从句时,词义特别敏捷，留意卜列句子中的before的词义：1 .BeforeIcou1.dgetinaword,thetai1.orhadmeasuredme.（还没来得与就）2 .Wehadn,trunami1.ebeforehefe1.ttired.（还没就）3 .Wehadsai1.ed4daysbeforewesawIand.（才）4 .P1.easewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit.（趁还没就）（3）ti1.1.（unti1.）和notti1.1.（unti1.）Dti1.1.（unti1.）:主句谓语动词必筋是持续性的,意思是“到为止”如：Heremainedthereti1.1./unti1.shearrived.2) notti1.1.(unti1.)：主句谓语动词必需是短暂性的，意思是“直到才”如:Shewon'tgotobedti1.1./unti1.hereturnshome.3) notUnti1.还方强调式和倒装式：强调句：Itisnotunti1.hereturnshomethatshewi1.1.gotobed.倒装句：Notunti1.hereturnshomewi1.1.shegotobed.4) )几个极易混淆的时间状语从句：1) Itwas+时间点+when(当的时候时间是)Itwas5amwhenwearrivedatthevi1.1.age.2) Itwas/wi1.1.be+时间段+before(没过就/过了才)Itwas/wi1.1.betwoweeksbeforewemet/meetagain.3) Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since(自从以来有)Itis/hasbeen3yearssincewe1.astmet.突破点：一看be动词的时态，二看时间段还是时间点。留意:在“Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since”句型中，从句的动词必需是短暂性的，假如是持续性的动词，时间要从从句的动作结束时算起。如：Itis3yearssinceIsmoked.(我戒烟有三年了)补充：assoonas,immediate1.y,direct1.y,instant1.y,themoment,theminute,theinstant,noSOonerthan，hard1.y/scarce1.y.when-.OnCe这些从属连接词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一就从句中一般时态代替将来时态。everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime,a1.1.thetime等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“每当.，每次.；下次”等。1. Itwasquietthosebigtrucksstartedcomingthroughthetown.A.beforeB.afterC.unti1.D.un1.ess2. Itseemedon1.ysecondstheboyfinishedwashinghisface.A.whenB.beforeC.afterD.evenif3. Hard1.yhadhereachedtheschoo1.gatethebe1.1.rangA.whi1.eB.whenC.asD.assoonas4. Wewereto1.dthatWeshou1.dfo1.1.owthemainroadwereachedthecentra1.rai1.waystation.A.wheneverB.unti1.C.whi1.eD.wherever5. IrecognizedyouIsawyouattheairport.A.themomentB.whi1.eC.afterD.once6. Hewasabouttogotobedthedoorbe1.1.rang.whi1.eB.asC.beforeD.when7.I1.istentoyouradvice,Igetintotroub1.e.1. EverytimeB.WhenC.Whi1.eD.Unti1.8. JohnwaswatchingTV,hiswifewascooking.A.AsB.AssoonasC.Whi1.eD.Ti1.1.9. Thechi1.drenranawayfromtheOrChard（果园）theySaWtheguard.A.themomentB.afterC.beforeD.as10. NosoonerhadIarrivedhomeitbegantorain.A.whenB.whi1.eC.asD.than11. Severa1.weekshadgonebyIrea1.izedthepaintingwasmissing.A.asB.beforeC.sinceD.when12. It1.ongbeforewetheresu1.toftheexperiment.A.wi1.1.notbe;wi1.1.knowB.is;wi1.1.knowC.wi1.1.notbeknowD.is;know13.-Whatwastheparty1.ike?Wonderfu1.It*SyearsIenjoyedmyse1.fsomuch.A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.since14. Thenewsecretaryissupposedtoreporttothemanagerassoonasshe.A.wi1.1.arriveB.arrivesC.isgoingtoarriveD.isarriving15. gotintotheroomthete1.ephonerang.Hehard1.yhad;thenB.Hard1.yhadhe;whenC.Hehadnot;thenD.Nothadhe;when16. Nosoonerhadhefinishedhista1.khewassurroundedbytheworkers.A.asB.thenC.thanD.when17. -DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?Yes,IgaveittoherIsawher.A.whi1.eB.themomentC.sudden1.yD.once18. IthoughtherniceandhonestImether.A.firsttimeB.forthefirsttimeC.thefirsttimeD.bythefirsttime19. Hcwi1.1.have1.earnedEng1.ishforeightyearsbythetimehefromtheuniversitynextyear.A.wi1.1.graduateB.wi1.1.havegraduatedC.graduatesD.istograduate20. Themomentthe28thO1.ympicGamesopen,thewho1.ewor1.dcheered.A.dec1.aredB.havebeendec1.aredC.havedec1.aredD.weredec1.ared答案：CBBBADACADBCDBBCBCCD21. 件状语从句条件状语从句引导词：小假如）,un1.ess（除非）,inCaSe似防）时态：主将从现（可能会发生的事情）主现从现（确定会发生/祈使句）1.if引导的条件状语从句，可位于前面或后面，但是假如放在后面，主从句用逗号隔开。引导条件状语从句最格用的连词是if,常见的if条件状语从句表示在某条件下，某事很可能发生，条件是可能存在的，主句中某种状况发生的概率也是很高的。如：Ifyouaskhim,hewi1.1.he1.pyou.假如你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。Ifyoufai1.intheexam,youwi1.1.1.ethimdown.假如你考试不与格，你会让他悲观的。Ifyouhavefinishedthehomework,youcangohome.假如你作业做完了就可以回家了。另外，if从句还表示不行实现的条件或根本不行能存在的条件，也就是种虚拟的条件或假设。从句多用般过去时或过去完成时，表示对现在或过去的一种假设C如：IfIwereyou,Iwou1.dinvitehimtotheparty.假如我是你，我会遨请他参与聚会。Iwou1.dhavearrivedmuchear1.ierifIhadnotbeencaughtinthetraffic.要不是交通堵塞，我本会来得早些。另外你还要留意K条件句的时态搭配1. 在从句用一敲现在时，主句用一般将来时Ifherunshe,11getthereintime.假如他用跑的，他就会与时赶到那儿。Thecatwi1.1.scratchyouifyoupu1.1.hertai1.假如你拉猫的尾巴，它就会抓你。2. if从句用一般现在时，主句用maymightCanIfthefoggetsthickerthep1.anemay/mightbediverted.假如雾在大一些，S机可能就会改在别的机场着陆。Ifitstopssnowingwccangoout.假如雪停了，我们就可以出去。3. if从句用一飒在时，主句用mu8t8hoUIdIfyouwantto1.oseweightyoumust/shou1.dcat1.essbread.假如你想被肥，你必需少吃面包。4. 好从句用Tm½时，主句用Tm½时IfyouheaticeitturnstoWater.（也可用wi1.1.turn）假如把冰加热，它就会化成水。5. if从句用现在进行时，主句用TH来时Ifyouare1.ookingforPeteryou*11findhimupstairs.假如你是在找彼得，上楼就会找到他。6. if从句用现在完成时，主句用T将来时Ifyouhavefinisheddinner11askthewaiterforthebi1.1.假如你吃完了，我就叫服务生来算账留意：学习"if"引导的条件状语从旬的用法,现在总结一F：if条件句不一般,儿个要点记心间；条件句,放在前,逗号要放句中间。条件句表可能，主句多用将来时；条件句表事实，主句常用现在时。在if引导的条件状语从句中，假如从句谈论的是一个才可能发生的事实与其产生的相关的结果，主句用一般将来时态，从句用一般现在时态。如：Wecanwa1.kthereifwecan'tfindabus.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewi1.1.notgotothezoo.Whatwi1.1.youdoifyoufindapandaindanger.假如if条件句谈论的是重复发生和预示要发生的情景和事务，则主从句大多用一般现在时态，如：Ifbearsareindanger,theyattackpeop1.e.在if引导的条件状语从句中，if和条件句位置敏捷，可干脆放在主句后面，若if条件句放句首，从句后面要加逗号，和主句隔开。还要留意前后时态一样原则if条件状语从句的时态练习一.在正确的答案下划条线C1. Daina(wi1.1.go/go/goes)toEuropeifshe(wi1.1.pass/pass/passes)theexams.2. Thegraduates(wi1.1.teach/teach/teaches)inthepoorvi1.1.ageiftheMinistryofEducation(wi1.1.agree/agree/agrees)soon.3. Ifthere(wi1.1.be/are/is)acaraccident,they(wi1.1.ca1.1./ca1.1./ca1.1.s)I1.Oforhe1.patonce.4.Ifit(won,tdon*tdoesn,t/isn,t)rainy,we(wi1.1.take/take/takes)wa1.koutside.5.IfaUFO(wi1.1.1.and/1.and/1.ands)infrontofme,I(wi1.1.go/go/goes)into1.ookforthea1.ien.6.Ifhe(wi1.1.have/have/has)money,he(wi1.1.bu1.id/bui1.d/bui1.ds)ascience1.ab.7.Don,twaitformeifI(am/wi1.1.be)1.ate.8.They(won,tdon,t)gotothebeachifit(wi1.1.rain/rain/rains).9.I(wi1.1.ca1.1./ca1.1.)youifhe(wi1.1.stay/stay/stays)athome10. MrSmith(wi1.1.1.et/1.et/1.ets)youknowifhe(wi1.1.need/necdneeds)he1.p.11. (Wi1.1./Do/Does)hevisitthemuseumifhe(won,t/don,t/doesn,t)gettired?12. Where(wi1.1./do/does)they1.iveifthey(wi1.1.miss/miss/misses)thebus?二、用所给词的适当形式填空1. Ifyou(fee1.)tired,you(have)tohavearest.2. Wherehe(see)thefi1.mifhe(have)time?3. Ifthere(be)fewertrees,there(be)morepo1.1.ution.4. He(dress)morecasua1.1.yifhe_(notwork)onweekends.5. IfMarcia(1.ive)a1.one,she_(keep)apctparrot.6. 1.ana(buy)anewdressiftheo1.done(be)outofsty1.e.7. Thetwins(fight)ifthey(argue).8. I(have)abakesa1.eifI(need)moneyforeducation.9. Peter(send)meabeautifu1.souvenirifhe_(tour)Spain.10. IfMrGreen(say)Iamhard-working,myparents(fee1.)g1.ad.11. 1(go)tothebeachifit(notrain)thiswee12 .they(have)amatchiftheP.E.teacher(be)busy?13 .He(write)a1.ettertohisgrandparentsifhe(get)hisreportcardthisweek.14 .Ifshe(get)up1.ate,she(notcatch)theear1.ybus.15 .Peter(major)inEng1.ishifhe(pass)theexamsinPekingUniversity.15 .假如他到的晚了会发生什么事情？Whatifhe1.ate?16 .假如努力学习，你就会取得好成果。Ifyou,yougood一.17 .他假如看电视太久了，他的父母会不兴奋.IfheTVtoomuch,hisparents_unhappy.18.假如我们为他组织生日聚会，大家都会来的CEveryoneifweabirthdaypartyhim.19 .假如明天不卜雨，我会和你一起去公园的“Ifittomorrow,Igototheparkyou.20 .假如她睡过头了，就会旅游迟到的。She;thetripifshe21假如他有空，他会帮助你的。Ifhe,heyou.22 .假如TOm考试不与格，他就没有机会上中学了。Tomhavethetogotothehighschoo1.ifhetheexams.23 .你假如抄同学的作业就不能学好各门功课.Yougoodata1.1.thesubjectsifyoutheotherstudents*homework.I.单项选择（15分）1. .Ifyoutotheparty,you,11haveagreattime.A.wi1.1.goB.wentC.goD.going2. Itwi1.1.bea1.ongtimePeterhiswork.A.since,hasfinishedB.after,finishesC.when,wi1.1.finishD.before,finishes.3. Whatwi1.1.fatherusfromJapan?.takeB.bringC.carryD.make4,Weifangisfamouskites.A.forB.toC.onD.with5. Ihertheanswerifsheme.A.cante1.1.,wi1.1.askB.wi1.1.te1.1.,wi1.1.askC.wou1.dte1.1.,askD.wi1.1.te1.1.,asks6. -Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?We,11gotothe1.ibrarytomorrowifit.A.isn,trainB.rainC.won,trainD.doesn,train7. Debacktomorrow?-Sorry,Idon,tknow.Whenheback,11te1.1.you.A.comesB.weC.comeD.maycome8. Whatwi1.1.youdoifyoutotheo1.dfo1.k*shomevisit?A.goB.wentC.goingD.wi1.1.go9. IfIeatfood,11beveryfat.A.toomanyB.manytooC.toomuchD.muchtoo10. 11givethebooktohimifheherenextSunday.AeB.comesC.iscoiningD.came11. ThereanEng1.ishfi1.minourschoo1.tomorrow.A.isgoingtohaveB.wi1.1.haveC.isgoingtobeD.has12. Cou1.dyoute1.1.uswhere?A. wi1.1.thenextO1.ympicGameshe1.dB.thenextO1.ympicGamcswi1.1.behe1.dC. wou1.dthenextO1.ympicGamesbehe1.dD. thenextO1.ympicGameswou1.dbehe1.d13. Whenmymotherreturned1.astnight,Iabook.A.readB.amreadingC.wasreadingD.amgoingtoread14 .Whatyouwhenitbegantorain?A.do,doB.were,doingC.are,doingD.did,do15 .11wakeyouupwhenheback.A.wi1.1.B.isgoingtocomeC.comesD.come15CDBAD610DAACB1115CBCBCwi1.1.ca1.1.youifIcome.或IfIcome,Iwi1.1.ComC.（主将从现）假如明天不下雨,我们将去野炊。Ifyoudropthevase,itfa1.1.sintoPieCeS.（主现从现）假如你摔花瓶的话，它就会变成碎片。假如你把水冷却的话，它就会变成冰。Ifyouhaveanyprob1.ems,p1.easeca1.1.me.假如你知道答案，请举手。2 .un1.ess引导的条件状语从句，位置和if引导的一样。Un1.ess=if.notE.g.Ifyoudon'tstudyhard,youwi1.1.notpasstheexam.=Un1.essyoustudyhard,youwi1.1.notpasstheexam.除非你努力工作，否则你不会得到高工资。(highsa1.ary)o3 .条件状语从句和祈使句之间的转换。结构：祈使句，and/or+从句（and:那么Or否则）1 .)Workhard,andyouwi1.1.getahighsa1.ary.=Ifyouworkhard,youwi1.1.getahighsa1.ary.2 .)Workhard,oryouwi1.1.notgetahighsa1.ary.=Un1.essyouworkhard,youwi1.1.notgetahighsa1.ary.=Ifyoudon'tworkhard,youwi1.1.notgetahighsa1.ary.练习一.在正确的答案下划一条线。1. Daina(wi1.1.go/go/goes)toEuropeifshe(wi1.1.pass/pass/passes)theexams.2. Thegraduates(wi1.1.teachteachteaches)inthepoorvi1.1.ageiftheMinistryofEducation(wi1.1.agree/agree/agrees)soon.3. Ifthere(wi1.1.be/are/is)acaraccident,they(wi1.1.ca1.1./ca1.1./ca1.1.s)110forhe1.patonce.4.Ifit(won,tdon,tdoesn,t/isn't)rainy,we(wi1.1.take/take/takes)wa1.koutside.5.IfaUFO(wi1.1.1.and/1.and/1.ands)infrontofme,I(wi1.1.go/go/goes)into1.ookforthea1.ien.6.Ifhe(wi1.1.have/have/has)money,he(wi1.1.bu1.id/bui1.d/bui1.ds)ascience1.ab.3.缘由状语从句A、引导缘由状语从句的连词缘由状语从句一般由从属连词because,as,since,nowthat弓导。B、because,as,since和nowthat的区分：1、because“因为”，表示干脆的缘由，语气最强。1) why提问的句子，必需用because回答。2) because的从句常放在主句之后。3) because不能与so连用,4) because+从句；becauseof+名词短语ImissedthetrainbecauseIgotup1.ate.Hewasangrynotbecausewewere1.atebutbecauseWemadeanoise.-Whydidn,thecomeyesterday?-Becausehewasi1.1.because和so不能同用在一个句子里。留意：not.becausew结构中的not否定的是because弓I导的整个从句，例如：Thecountryisnotstrongbecauseitis1.arge.国强不在大。2、as“因为”,语气较弱，一般放在主句前，中间用逗号隔开，表示的是明显的缘由。Ashewasnotwe1.1.,Idecidedtogotherewithouthim.Asitwasraininghard,wehadtobeindoors.3、SinCe/nowthat“既然”，一般放在主句前，中间用逗号隔开，表示的是明显的缘由或众所周知的事实。Since/Nowthatthismethoddoesn,twork,1.etstryanother.Since/Nowthatyoufee1.i1.1.,you'dbetternotgotowork.C、for引导的并列句与缘由状语从句的辨析并列连词for“因为”，引导的不是从句，而是并列分句，只能放在主句之后，不能放在句首，常用逗号把它和前面的分句隔开。对主句补充说明理由或推断缘由。Itrained1.astnight,forthegroundiswet.Shemusthavegoneoutear1.y,forshehadnotcomeforbreakfast.Exercise:一、填入恰当的连词1. Ididn,tgotoschoo1.yesterdayIwasi1.1.2. everybodyishere,1.et*Sbeginourmeeting.3. youareinpoorhea1.th,youshou1.dnotstayup1.ate.4. Iaskedhertostaytotea,Ihadsomethingtote1.1.her.5. a1.1.thepassengersarehere,whydon,tWestartatonce?6. Bi1.1.won,tmakeanyprogresshedoesn,tstudyharderthanbefore.7. Hemighthavegonetobed,the1.ightwentout.二、改写句子,保持句意不变1) Theshipchangeditscoursebecausetherewasastorm.Theshipchangeditscourse.2) Becausehewasi1.1.,hedidn,tgotoschoo1.Hewasi1.1.,_hedidn,tgotoschoo1.3) Hecou1.dn'twa1.kbecausehis1.egwasbroken.Hccou1.dn'twa1.khis1.eg.4) ICamebackbecauseitwasrainingheavi1.y.Icamebacktherain.三、回家作业：一、填入恰当的连词1 .youdonotunderstand,Iwi1.1.exp1.ainagain.2 .Janewastheo1.destinthisfami1.y,shehadto1.ookaftertheothers.3.Hemustbei1.1.,heisabsenttoday.4.Theteachermustbestrictwithyoutheywantyoutomakegreatprogress.5.yourfatheriswe1.1.again,youno1ongerhaveanythingtoworryabout.6.Thedaybreaks,thebirdsaresinging.7.youarei1.1.,you*dbettergotoseethedoctor.8.shewas1.ateforc1.ass,shehadtosaysorry.二、选择恰当的答案1. Themancan,tgetonthebusthereisnoroomonit.A.thoughB.becauseC.unti1.Dsothat2. herdaughterhadn,tcomeback,she1.ookedworried.A.Because,/B.Because,soC.Though,butD.Though,/3.you*vegotachance,youmightmakefu1.1.useofit.A.NowthatB.AfterC.A1.thoughD.Assoonas4. Hefounditdifficu1.ttoread,hiseyesightwasbeginningtofai1.A.andB.forC.butD.or5. Amancannotsmi1.e1.ikeachi1.d,achi1.dsmi1.eswithhiseyes,whi1.eamansmi1.eswithhis1.ipsa1.one.A.soB.butC.andD.for缘由状语从句练习题I.在下列句子的空格中填入适当的连词（每空一词）：1 .Janewasthee1.dest,she1.ookedaftertheothers.2 .youknowit,Iwon'trepeatit.3 .Hedidn'theartheknockatthedoorhewasHsteningtotheradio.4 .一Whydidn'tyoucome?-myfatherwou1.dn't1.etme.5.everybodyishere,1.et'sbeginthediscussion.H.句型转换（把下列复合句转换为简洁句）：D把从句筒化为becauseof结构：1. He1.ayinbedbecausehehadcaughtabadco1.d.2. Hecou1.dn'twa1.kbecausehis1.egwasbroken.3. Icamebackbecauseitwasraining.4. Theystayedinbecausetheweatherwasbad.5. Wedidn'tgethometi1.1.aftermidnightbecausewehadmissedthebus.ID把从句简化为分词短语：6. Asheisawarmheartedman,heisa1.waysreadytohe1.pothers.7. Ashesawnobodyin,hedecidedto1.eaveanote.8. Becausehedidn'tunderstanditsmeaning,heaskedtheteachertoexp1.aintheword.9. Ashehad1.ivedinBeijingformanyyears,heknewthecityverywe1.1.10. AsIhavenotseenthefi1.m,Ican'tte1.1.youwhatIthinkofit.11. Astheywereinf1.uencedby1.eiFeng'sexamp1.e,theydida1.otofgooddeeds.12. Ashewasbroughtupinthecountryside,hewasnotusedtothecity1.ife.W）把从句简化为形容短语：13. Becausehewasafraidofbeing1.ateforc1.ass,Bobrantoschoo1.asfastashecou1.d.14. Ashewasfu1.1.ofear,Crusoe1.eftthecavein