莫言《蛙》和马克.吐温《卡拉维拉县驰名的跳蛙》的对比分析研究 文学专业.docx

Acknow1.edgmentsThisthesishastakenme1.ongtimetoturnitfromconcepp1.c1.ion.Itisaworkofjointeffortsfrommanypeop1.e.SoIespecia1.1.ywishtoacknow1.edgethefo1.1.owing>eop1.e.Firstofa1.1.Iwou1.d1.iketoexpressmyheartfe1.tappreciationtonysupervisorMr.1.i,whoseinsightfu1.guidanceandenthusiasticencouragementsinthecourseofmyshapingthisthesisdefinite1.ygainedmydeepestgratitude.Myheartfe1.tthanksa1.sogotoforhisinstructivesuggestionsandexpertadviceonmytopic.Second1.y,Iwou1.d1.iketothankmyfriendswhogavememoreideasandinspiration.1.astbutnot1.east.1ammuchindebtedtomyfami1.ywhogaveIneIhen>s(emotiona1.support.I1.ove(hem.AbstractAsthemajor1.iterarymastersofthe1.iterarywor1.d,MoYanandMarkTwainandtheirworksexertedaprofoundimpactonChineseandAmerican1.iterature.MarkTwainis,amirroroftheUnitedStates'*.Hiscreationbeganwithhisownfami1.iarity,his1.ifeinhisownIaini1.iar1.ife,the1.oca1.1.anguageoftheAmericanpeop1.e,svividnative1.anguage,thenativestorj,oftheAmericanpeop1.e,andthevividrepresentationofthenativecu1.tureoftheAmericanpeop1.eofthatera.TheCe1.ebratedJumpingFmgofCa1.averasCountyisoneofitsc1.assicworks.AsChines1.oca1.writer.MoYan,snove1.narrative,effective1.yputontherea1.ityofChina'sdensethorns,andshoweda1.ifefu1.1.ofvita1.ityauijoyofthewor1.d.Inhisworks,''NortheastTownshipofGaomi''hadbecomeac1.earandaccuratemicrocosmofChinesesociety,duringwhichdemonstratedarea1.andsou1.-stirring1.ifewor1.d.TheFmgdepictsamorerea1.China.A1.thoughtheybothnamed"1.hcfrog",thetwoworkshavea1.otofsimi1.aritiesanddifferences.Thisthesisaimstostudythedifferencesandsimi1.aritiesbetweenthetwoworks,aswe1.1.asthesocia1.rea1.ityexposedinthetwoworks.Thesehvoworksref1.ectthememoria1.sofhuman1.ifeandthecriticismofthetimes,whichhasastrongeducationa1.significanceforthegovernmentandindividua1.s.Keywords:TheFrog;TheCe1.ebratedJumpingFmofCa1.averasCounty;simi1.aritiesanddifferences:socia1.rea1.ity作为文学界举足轻重的文学巨匠，英言和马克吐湿及其作品对中美文学产生了深远的影响。马克吐温是“美国的一面镜子”。他的创作开始于自己熟悉的地方，着手于自己熟悉的生活，以美国人民生动幽默的本土语言,讲述美国人民的本土故事，活灵活现地展现出他那个时代美国人民的本土文化.d卡拉维拉县驰名的跳蛙就是其经典作品之一。作为本土作家，莫言的小说叙事，有力地披开了现实中国致密的荆棘丛,为我们展示了个充满生命活力和欢乐的世界。他笔下的“高密东北乡”，已然成为中国社会的一个清晰而又精确的缩影。6蛙让我们看到一个更加真实的中国。虽然同样写蛙,但两部作品有很多的异同.本论文旨在研究两部作品得不同点和相似之处，以及两部作品中所揭露的社会现实。这两部作品所反映出的对人的生命的追思和对时政的批判,对当今政府乃至整个社会都仃着深刻的教育意义。关健词：蛙：£卡拉维拉县驰名的跳蛙：异同：社会现实Contents云*民族大学毕业论文I设计)原创性声明错误!未定义书签.Acknow1.edgmentsiAbstractii摘要Iii1. Introduction11.1. ResearchBackground11.2. SignificanceandAimsoftheStudy21.3. Genera1.StructureoftheThesis31.4. 1.iteratureReview31.4.1. ResearchAbroad41.4.2. DomesticStudy42. TheAuthorsand(heWorks62.1. MOYanandtheFmg62.2. .MarkTwainandTheCe1.ebratedJumpingFmgofCa1.averasCounty73. DifferencesbetweenTheFrogandTheCe1.ebratedJumpingFrogofCa1.averasCounty103.1. DifferentSymbo1.icMeanings1()3.1.1. MoYan,s77jeFwgIO3.1.2. MarkTwain'sTheCe1.ebratedJumpingF1.VgofCa1.averasCounty133.2. DifferentWritingSty1.es143.2.1. .TheSty1.eof77?eFrog143.2.2. TheSty1.eofTheCe1.ebratedJumpingFmgofCakiverasCounty153.3. Different1.anguageSty1.es163.3.1. The1.anguageSty1.eofTheFrog173.3.2. 1"heHumorousFeaturesinTheCe1.ebratedJumpingFrogofCu1.averasCounty184. Simi1.aritiesbetweenTheFrogandTheCe1.ebratedJUmPEgFrogofCa1.averasCounty204.1. Frequent1.y-usedIdioms204.2. DirectCriiicismonitsSystemofitsTime225. Conc1.usion25References261. Introductionstheoneofmostfamousnove1.s.TheFrogisVeryworthtoread.'I1eCe1.ebratedJumpingFmgofCa1.averasCountywasregardedasMarkTwain,sIatnousworkthatbroughthimhisrenown.Hmentsonthedarknessofthesocietythroughadetai1.eddepictionofthestory.HcCriIiCizCdtherca1.i1.yfromtheaspectofthesociety,thecitizensandthepo1.iticsotheUnitedStates.1.1. ResearchBackgroundTheNobc1.prizefor1.iteraturein2012wasawardedtotheChinesewriter.MoYan.andtheawardwordssaidthatMoYanusedmagicrea1.ismintegratingIhefo1.kta1.es,historyandmodemintegration.TheawardmadeMoYanbecomethefirstChinesewritertowintheNobe1.prizefor1.iteratureinthe1.oca1.scho1.ars.So"MoYanhot''springsupduringthetime.MoYanandhisworksarea1.sobeginningtobemoreconcernedaboutthepeop1.e.MoYanisoneofthemostdynamiccontcmporarjwritersinthe80sof1.astcentury.Thenarrativeofthemagicco1.or,thecarniva1.narrativeaesthetics,aswe1.1.asthepersona1.ized1.anguageandimagination,areaffectinghisworks.Therefore,hisappearanceisconsideredtobeamajoreventinthe1.itcrar>,andartcirc1.es.Thenove1.TheFtVgpub1.ishedinDecember2(X)9is(he1I1.hnove1.whichbrewsformorethantenyearsandcreative1.ywritesfouryears.Asthemostoutstandingcritica1.rea1.istwriteroftheUnitedStatesinthe1.ate19thcentury.MarkTwainsworkshaveagreatinf1.uenceonAmerican1.iteratureevenwor1.d1.iterature.I1.isnove1.sshowpureAmericantemperamentandmarkthebirthanddeve1.opmentofauthentic/Xnierican1.iterature.TheCe1.ebratedJumpingFmgofCa1.averasCountypub1.ishedinNovember18,1865whichbe1.ongstotheear1.yshortstoriesofMarkTwain,isoneoftherepresentativeworksofAmericanFrontier1.iterature.Thisworkestab1.ishesthepositionofMarkTwaininthehistoryofAmerican1.iterature.MoYansworksarcrootedintheancientandprofoundcivi1.ization,withbound1.essandrichimagination.Hiswritingisnove1.anduniquewhichshowsthebroadcu1.tura1.11w1.tingpo1.ofChineseexperienceinmodernhistoryofthetragedyandwar.aswe1.1.asref1.ectsanera1.ifefu1.1.of1.ove,painandunity.MoYanisoneoftherepresentativewritersofCOmeInPOraryChinese1.iterature.Hedescribesherea1.situationofChinesecitiesandrura1.areaswithuniquerea1.istictechniquesandrichimagination.Hisworksaretrans1.atedintomany1.anguages.MoYan'sworks1.eadAsiatothebe1.terfuture.Therefore,heisnoton1.y(hestandard-bearerofcontemporaryChinese1.iterature,buta1.sothebannerofAsianandwor1.d1.iterature.MoYanisapersonwithrichimaginationandcreativityandgoodatfindingconcrete1.anguageandp1.ottoshowthereferenceabouttheirownhistoryandrea1.ity.Evenifitisaverysma1.1.topic,hecanturnitintoavcrj,greatstructureas1.ongasMoYanhasauniqueviewofthis.Meanwhi1.e,the1.anguageoftheworkisfree1.y!1.owing.MarkTwainisthefounderofAmericancritica1.rea1.ism1.iterature.MarkTwainwrotea1.argenumberofworksinhis1.ite,andthesubjectinvo1.vedinvariousaspects,suchasnove1.s,p1.ays,essays,poemsandsoon.Fromthecontent,hisworkscriticizetheirrationa1.phenomenonortheug1.inessofhumannatureandexpressastrongsenseOfjusticeandtheconcernfortheordinarypeop1.e.Inte11nsofsty1.e,boh(heexpertsandthegenera1.readersbe1.ievethathumorandsatirearccharacteristicofhiswriting.Becausehehasexperiencedthedeve1.opingprocessfromthebeginningofAmeriCancapita1.ism(oimperia1.ism,hisideaandcreationakoshowedfromthejokingtothespicyironyandthenpessimisticstageofdeve1.opment.The1.ate1.anguageismoreintenseexposure.TheFmgandTheCe1.ebratedJumpingFrVgofCa1.averasCountyarctherepresentativeworksoftwoauthors.A1.thoughtheybothnamed“thefiog,thetwoworkshavea1.otofsimi1.aritiesanddifferences.Thisthesisaims(ostudythedifferencesandsimi1.aritiesbetweenthetwoworks,aswe1.1.astheSoCia1.rea1.ityexposedinIhetwoworks.13.Genera1.StructureoftheTheSiSThisthesiswi1.1.bedividedintofivechapiers.ThefirstchapterprovidesabriefintroductionIothestudyintermsofitsbackground,significanceandaim.hintroducesIiteraiurereview,inc1.uderesearchabroadanddomesticresearch.hesecondchapterisabouttheauthorsandtheirworks.Itintroducessomeinformationabou1.MoYanandMarkTwain.Thethirdchapteris(hedifferencesbetweenTheFrogandTheCe1.ebratedJumpingFrOgofCa1.averasCounty.Byana1.yzingthedifferencesofthesymbo1.icnwaningoffrog,writingsty1.e,1.anguagesty1.eabouttwoworks,itcanbeseenthatthedifferentIiteraiyworksshowtheuniquecharm.Ihefourthchaptershowedthatsimi1.aritiesof1.woworks,Ihaitheauthorsusea1.argenumberofidions.1.naddition,twoworkshavethedirectcriticismonitssystemofitstime.The1.astchapteristheconc1.usionofthewho1.ethesis.1.4.1.iteratureReview,henove1.theCe1.ebratedJumpingFrogofCa1.averaaCountyisthefameofQimousAmericanwriterMarkTwain.ZhuGangeva1.uatedthisnove1.that“Itisthefirsttime(hatitmorecomp1.ete1.yref1.ectsMarkTwain'stechniqueofexpression:theexaggeratedcharacters,therichwesternbackground,Iherea1.frontierdia1.ectandthestrong1.oca1.co1.or."Inaddition.TheFrogwontheeighthMaoDunprizeinIi1.craturconAugust20.2011.ThecommentisthatTheFrogdescribesthevi1.1.agedoctortoref1.ectQUr1.Ia1.iOn'sgreatstrugg1.eagainstesurviva1.OfIhedit'tcu1.iesandcha1.1.enges.Thenove1.presents(hecomp1.exhistorjandrea1.ityinamu1.tiperspective,andexpressesthethoughtof1.ifeethics.ITiestructureofthenarrativeandthemu1.titextofthedramaistheconstructionofawiderangeofdia1.oguespace,ca1.mandfreebuthumor,ref1.ectingtheauthor,sstrongnarrativeabi1.ityandpersistentspiritofinnovation.1.4.1. ReSearChAbroadM.StorcywroteanessaythatHuckandHankgoiothecircus:MarkTwainunderBarnuin'sbigtopin201!.ThisessayarguesthatMarkTwain'sacquaintancewithR".Bamum1andmoreespecia1.1.yTwain,sfascinationwiththewor1.dofpopu1.arentertainmentthatBamumepitomized,providedinspirationandmateria1.forsomeofTwain'sn>stenduringworks.Inparticu1.ar,theessayarguesthattwoofTwain,smostreverednove1.sTheAdventuresofHuck1.eberryFinn(1884)andAConnecticutMinkeeatKingArthur'sCourt(1889)areinvestedboththematica1.1.yandgenerica1.1.yinthecomp1.excu1.tura1.associationsofthepostbe1.1.uncircus.Embodyingthecommercia1.capita1.ismofindustria1.izedAmericawhi1.sta1.soofferingaromantic1.iberationfromeveryday1.ife,thecircusbecomesacondensationofmanyoftheComPetingimpu1.sesofTwain,s1.ifeandwork:betweenirreverenthumorandsobersocia1.critiqueandbetweenthedesireforimaginativefreedomandarecognitionoffinancia1.imperatives.Wi1.1.iam1.yonPhe1.pspub1.ishedanartic1.eintheNorihAmericanReviewin19()7,whichspokehigh1.yofMarkTwainandhiswork.HethinksMarkTwainisawriterwithrea1.Americantraits:"Rea1.1.y,inmyopinion.MarkTwainisthemostimportantAnjCriCanwriterofthepresentwriters.ifyouwanttota1.kaboutwhoistherea1.geniusin1.ivingwriterandwhosebookf1.ashesaho1.yfireofgenius,itmustbeMarkTwain.Hewasaconscientiousanisi."1.iethinksMarkTwain,shutnori$atypica1.Antcricanhumor,withthecharacteristicsofasymmetry,CXaggCnuionandanti1.1.ition.whichischaracterizedbythefactthatthehumorofMark.,ThishumorisnotthehumorofWashingtonOwen,hisimitationisEdisonorSacrament.MarkTwain,shumordocsnotpayattentiontoimp1.ication,butratherdirect1.y.Itisverycordia1.,andSimeSexpresseswritersanger.”1.4.2. DomesticStudyChengCheng,theteacherofNorthwestUniversity,wroteathesisAHeartyNarrationTheana1.ysisofthecreativemotivationandthetextofFmgbyMoYim.Byana1.yzingthecreativenwtivationandthetextofFrogbyMoYan.thethesisfirst1.ystudiesthewritingcharacteristicsofhispreviousworksandIheco1.1.ectionofhissayingsbeforethenewnove1.soastoreadthenove1.inamorerationa1.pointofview.Second1.y,itgoesoverthestoryandtextinordertotracebacktotheorigina1.creationpointandexp1.orethedeepermeaningofFrog.IntheessayDefami1.iarizationEffectsinTheCe1.ebratedJumpingFmgofCa1.averasCountry,TangWenwansaidMarkTwain,sTheCe1.ebratedJumpingFrogofCa1.averasCountryisatreasureamongthewor1.d'smosthumorousshortstories.I1.noton1.yvivid1.ydepictsthecu1.tura1.characteristicsin(hewesternregionoftheUnitedStates,whichwasunderdeve1.opingatthattime,buta1.soembodiesMarkTwawShumorouswritingsty1.e.Inthisthesis,thewriterapp1.iedVictorShk1.ovskystheoryofdetami1.iarizationfromtheang1.eofp1.ots,narrativestructureandsymbo1.icSignficancetoana1.yzeMarkTwain,shumorousCnbCtSinTheCe1.ebratedJumpingFmgofCa1.averasCountry.InGaoIwi'se<*sayTheConstnuiiotiofthehumorofT1.ieCe1.ebratedJumpingFmgofCa1.averasCouniry.Basedonac1.osetextua1.ana1.ysisofitsp1.otdesign,characters,anima1.imagesand1.anguageexpressions,thisthesisdiscussesthehumorousconstructionofthework,revea1.ingitscharmandnatureofhumor.Somescho1.arsbe1.ievethat,inmostofMoYan,sworks,heisacivi1.ianidentityofthepeop1.etowrite,heisafo1.kspokesperson.Inhisworks,thereisagroupofwikipeop1.e,bothmenandwomen,bothyoungando1.d.Theyarcfu1.1.ofvigor,strongsenseandfear1.essness,withthemostprimitivevita1.ity.,heyarefreeand1.ovetheir1.ifeinShandongGaomiNortheastTownship.Theexpressionoftragicageunder(hespiritoftragedy,i*fromtheprimitivevita1.ityof1.ife,highdepthofexcavationofhumannature.MoYan'screationkeepsonthedeepconcernfor1.ite,buthea1.waysfindsoui(heIi1.ethemeofthenationa1.cu1.tura1.psycho1.ogyandtheinquiryofrecourse/'2. TheAuthorsandtheWorksBeforecomparingtwoIitcrarj-works,wemustfirsthaveacertainunderstandingofwritersandworks.Knowingabouttheauthor,swritingbackgroundand1.ifeexperiencewi1.1.he1.pustobetterunderstandthethoughtsandfee1.ingsoftheworks.21MoYanandtheFrogMoYanrea1.nameisGuanMoye.MoYanishispenname.MoYanwasgrantedanhonoraryPhDofArtsbyOUHK(OpenUniversityofHongKong)andwasappointedguestprofessoratQingdaoUniversityoTechno1.ogy.Since(hemidd1.eof1980s.re1.yingonaseriesofcountryIitcrarj1works,hehasbeenraisedasa,rootseeking1.iterature,Hisworkswerestrong1.yinf1.uencedbymagica1.rea1.ismandto1.dtheta1.csofnumerous1.egendswhichtookp1.aceinGaomi.ShandongProvince.Inhisnove1.s,MoYanhasconstructedtheuniquesubjectivefee1.ingwor1.d,thepowerfu1.andunconstrainednarration,ede't'ami1.iariza(ionprocessing,mysticismandapioneeringsty1.e.MoYanwas1.x)monFebruary17.1955inGaomi.ShandongProvince.Heattendedprimaryschoo1.inhishometownandactua1.1.ywasforcedtodropOUtbecauseofChina'sCu1.tura1.Revo1.ution.HehasbeenworkformanyyearsintheCOUntryside.In1981,hestartedhiswritingcareerandpub1.ishedsevera1.ear1.yworkssuchasDryRivet;AutumnStreamandFo1.kMusic.In1986.hegraduatedfrom(heDepartmentof1.iteratureoftheP1.AACademyofArts.In1997,hisfu1.1.-1.engthnove1.BigBreastsandWideHipswonheDaJia1.iteraturePrize.Hea1.sowroteTVscriptsforthedepartmentoffi1.mandte1.evision.In2000.hisnove1.Fami1.yStoriesofRedSorghumwasse1.ectedbyAsiaWeekandbecameoneofthe100bestChinesefictiona1.worksofthe20thcentury.ThemovieRedSorghum,directedbyZhangYimouwasadaptedfromthisnove1.andwon(he38thBer1.inFi1.mFestiva1.Go1.denBearAward.In2001.Sanda1.woodPena1.tywasawardedwiththeprizeoftheIiest1.iteraryBookforReaders,grantedbyTaiwanUnitedDai1.yNews.Thisnove1.a1.sowon(heDingJunDoub1.eYearPrizefor1.iteraturein2(X)3.In2004,hisnove1.Forty-oneCannonswontheOutstandingAchievementsinthesecondMassMediaAwardR>rCUurc.Subsequent1.y,hewasawardedhonorarydoctorateof1.iteratureinHongKongopenuniversity.HisfirstchapterbookFatigueof1.ifeandDeathgottheFukuokaAsianCu1.tureAwardin2006.In2008,FatigUeof1.ifeandDeathwonfirstprizeatthesecondDreamoftheRedChamberwards.In2012,the1.anguageandCu1.tura1.PressunderMinistrj-ofEducationdecidedtoaddMo'snove1.1.aAtransparentcarrotintothehighschoo1.textbooksafterwiningtheNobc1.prizefor1.iterature.InDecember2009,Mo,sfu1.1.-1.engthnove1.TheFn>gwaspub1.ished.OnAugust20,2011.TheFroRwontheeighthMaoDun1.iteraturePrize.ThebookfeaturesMo'scharacteristica1.1.yuniquewritingski1.1.s,containingfour1.ong1.ettersandonedrama,11eFmtte1.1.sthestoryofafema1.eCoUn1.rydoctorwhohasbeenpracticinggyneco1.ogyfornear1.y50years,showstheupsanddownsofChina's1960sfami1.yp1.anningpo1.icy,describesthehistorica1.processbyCarryingoutfami1.yp1.anningpo1.icyinordertocontro1.therapidincreaseofpopu1.ation.Throughcreatinganinspira