ISO 03455-2021.docx

INTERNATIONA1.STANDARDISO3455editionThrd2021-01HydrometryCa1.ibrationofcurrentmetersinstraightopentanksHydromtrieEta1.onnagedesmou1.inetsenbassinsdecouvertsrecti1.ignesOISO2021COPYRIGHTPROTECTEDDOCUMENT©ISO2021岫rkdea/山thUcdOthcnviscjft<c三orrtmcehDVBiwixuioiti08phnn11UatiocBhr<1.>hotoc<>p)Mng,ptbcatonpostingontheinternetoranintranet,withoutpriorwrittenpermission.PermissioncanherequestedfromeitherISOattheaddressbe1.oworIS<smemberbodyinthecountryoftherequester.%,tft晒Iandonnet8CH-1214*crnicr,GenevaPhone：M1.22749O1.11Pub1.ishedinSwitzerhndContentsForewordiv5.1.21.ength5.2.2Typestracksystem35.3Measuring一.45.3.4Current-meterve1.ocityinfrastructure7.1.2Performance”“一._一一“.77.2.1Instructionse1.ectromagnetic7.2.5Presentation117.3.2Performanceca1.ibration12Wb1.iogiaph13iiiScope1Normativereferences1Termsanddefinitions1Princip1.eofca1.ibration一4.1 Statementoftheprincip1.e14.2 Accuracyofthemethod2Infrastructure5.1 Dimensionsofthetowingtank5.1.1 Genera1.5.1.3 Depthandwidth5.2 Towingcart35.2.1 Genera1.35.2.3 Cartoftowingcarts5.2.4 CartOPeI)ton.35.2.5 Cartcontro1.45.3.1 Gencra1.equipmcnt5.3.2 Distancemeasurement45.3.3 T*ieasurement.一.4Sourcesoferrorre1.atedtomeasurement5.4 Dataacquisition365.5 Dataprocessing6Cs1.cu1.dtionofUnccrtninty6Ca1.ibrationprocedure77.1 Ca1.ibrationofrotatinge1.ementcurrent-meters77.1.1 Suspensionofthecurrent-meter.77.1.3 Dataana1.ysisofca1.ibration7.1.4 PreSenta口OnOfreSU1.tS.*.>.>>.>.>>>.*.>.*97.2 Ca1.ibrationofe1.ectromagneticcurrent-meters10Mountingtheforca1.ibrationcurrent-meter7.2.3 Numberofca1.ibrationpoints107.2.4 Performanceofca1.ibration-117.2.6 Dataana1.ysisofresu1.ts7.3 Ca1.ibrationofacousticcurrent-metersforpointve1.ocitymeasurement111.1.1 forca1.ibration11MountingtheoIacousticcurrent-meter7.3.4 Dataana1.ysis127.3.5 Presentationofresu1.ts12ForewordISO(theInternationa1.OrganizationforStandardization)isawor1.dwidefederationofnationa1.standardsttiugh(ISOtnnhnfaaibif1.i>niKhMcekWpraptafigbodyhitttCTOti®daiibtanddjttet4OK)Whtdbkant>e<h0<mitteehasbeenestab1.ishedhastherighttoberepresentedonthatcommittee.Internationa1.organizations,governmenta1.andnon-governmenta1.,in1.iaisonwithISO,a1.sotakepartinthework.ISOco1.1.aboratesc1.ose1.ywiththee1.ectrotechnica1.standardization.Internationa1.E1.ectrotechnica1.Commission(IEC)ona1.1.mattersofTheproceduresusedtodeve1.opthisdocumentandthoseintendedforitsfurthermaintenancearc蜩魄雌of1.SO1.ECtM1.如。t制蝴麻肝的蝴ferrdance圳'htheeditoria1.ru1.esofthe1SOIECDirectives,Part2(seewwwjso.org/dncc1.ives).ReionrigMs.d隘的n捌虱福破脚8ns曲F球阴R瞄晒啦H曲oc1.三&鼠犍赧.subjectofanypatentrightsidenti11edduringthedeve1.opmentCfthd4mwUw川beintheIntroductionand/orontheISO1.istofpatentdec1.arationsreceived(seewwsv.iso.org/pa1.ents).Anytradeusedinthisconstitutenameendorsement.documentisinformationgivenfortheconvenienceofusersanddoesnotForanexp1.anationofthevo1.untarynatureofstandards,themeaningofISOspecifictermsand哪蝴徐醐fi%ticnc。曲福P奥丧融Mth2阍辆解出tior研R箝2崛SOisoforeword.htn1.TfBM锹确中惶ftft三f!"e"fc°mmitteeISO/TC113,HydrometrySubcommitteeSC5rThisthirdeditioncance1.sandrep1.acesthesecondedition(ISO3455:2007),whichhasbeentechnica1.1.yrevised.Themainchangescomparedtothepreriouseditionsareasfo1.1.ows: asubc1.auseforca1.ibrationofacousticcurrent-metersforpointve1.ocitymeasurementhasbeenadded; c1.ausesreferringtooutdatedtrackingsystems1.iketracksystemsusingtoothbe1.tshavebeenremoved; c1.ttIratwi1.xnyrfcnrtMttdhtedtechniquefordataacquisition1.ikestripchartrecorderormagnetic thec1.auseforcomputerizeddataacquisitionandprocessingsystemhasbeenremoved; thec1.ausediscussingtheEppereffecthasbeenremoved.AnyfeedbackorquestionsonthisdocumentShouidbediFeu¼UoIheus*nationa1.standardsbody.Acomp1.ete1.istingofthesebodiescanbefoundatwww.iso.org/members.htm1.HydrometryCa1.ibrationofcurrent-metersinstraightopentanks1 Scopercquireshydrometriccurrent-metersthroughpointVe1.ocityameasurenientofowinginc1.udesmeasuring2 NormativereferencesconstitutesrequirementSIateStcditiondocument.referencedreferences,(1.nc1.udingamendments)app1.ies.app1.ies.ISO2537,Hydrometryr-Rotating-e1.ementcurrent-metersmeasurement(GUM:1995)3 TermsanddefinitionsISOandIECmaintaintermino1.ogica1.databasesforUSeinStiandardiZatiOnatthefo1.1.owingaddresses:E1.ectroPedia:CaIibrati¾1.h«pJ*wwUec"oPedii4.1Statementoftheprincip1.eve1.ocitycurrent-meter,ratethisrevo1.utionthecurrent-meterHiountedtheve1.ocitydirect1.yandindicatedCM*ki研林n3*w"3即mu1.a(e)rthespeedtoknowtheerrorinmeasurement1©ISO2021-A1.1.rightsresenedThisdocumentspecifiesaca1.ibrationmethodformechanica1.type,e1.ectromagnetictypeandacoustictypetowingtheinstrumentusedforsti1.1.waterinstraightopentank.Itwater.Themethodapparatus,theca1.ibrationprocedure,themethodofpresentingtheresu1.tsandtheuncertaintiesassociatedwiththemethod.Thefo1.1.owingdocumentsarereferredtointhetextinsuchawaythatsomeora1.1.oftheircontentundatedreferences,theofthisoftheFordateddocumenton1.ytheanyeditioncitedForISO772,HydrometryVocabu1.aryandsymbo1.sISO/IECGuide993UncertaintyofmeasurementPart3:GuidetotheexpressionofuncertaintyinForthepurposesofthisdocument,thetermsanddefinitionsgiveninISO772app1.y.ISOOn1.inebrowsingp1.atform:avai1.ab1.eathttps:/www.iso.org/obp4 IECPrincip1.eofavai1.ab1.eCa1.ibrationofacurrent-metermeansexperimenta1.determinationofthere1.ationshipbetweenwaterbytheandeitherthcForofpurpose,oftherotatingise1.ementoronatowingcar1.drawnthroughsti1.1.watercontainedinastraighttankwithauniformcrosssectionatanumberofsteadyspeedsofthetowingcart.Simu1.taneousmeasurementsofthespeedofthetowingcartandtherateofofrevo1.utionofthee1.ementortwoindicatedbythebyoneormoremade.In1.imitsofva1.idityofwhicharestated.Inthecaseofstationary-sensortypecurrent-meters,containingnorotatinge1.ements,theve1.ocityindicatedbyitsdisp1.ayunitiscomparedwiththecorrespondingcart4.2Accuracyofthemethod4.2.1 Overa1.1.uncertaintyontheve1.ocitymeasurementThetowingmethodgivesanabso1.utemeasurementofwaterspeed,whichinprincip1.eon1.yrequires)8wdon4kahnfcMsurements.Thismethodcanbeconsideredasveryaccurateiftheprecautions4.2.2RequirementsforaccuratemeasurementsThetowingmethodgivesanaccuratemeasurementofwaterspeedprovidedthat：a)theposition,thetimingandmeansforstartingandstoppingitachievethenecessaryaccuracy；b)residua1.currentsinthewateraresma1.1.5 Infrastructure5.1 Dimensionsofthetowingtank5.1.1 Genera1.Thedimensionsofthetankandthenumberandre1.ativepositionofcurrent-metersinthetankcrosssectionsha1.1.bechosensothattheireffectsonthetestresu1.tareminimized.5.1.2 1.engthThe1.engthofaratingtankcomprisesofacce1.erating,Stabi1.izingtmeasuringandbrakingsections.M1.iArt归的加时IWmmIWa出语旭幡为>e*3h阳vumpay1.oadistobetoweda1.ongthetank.Safetyrequirementsofthecartshou1.dbetakenintoaccountwhi1.eworkingoutthe1.engthofthebrakingsection.The1.engthofthemeasuringsectionsha1.1.besuch热融H9f源麻revo1.uti部好总to惮娘俄制1Fc啾翻toM摭emeas疆M岛矽岛f心洞哪1.ength,therefore,dependsonthetypeofcurrent-meterbeingca1.ibrated,typeofcartandthewaythesigna1.sareproducedandtransmitted.5.1.3 DepthandwidthThedepthofthetankcanhaveaninf1.uenceonthetestresu1.tswhichcannotberegardedasneg1.igib1.e,Nae.rJf1.idfin4ewheofttiiRCOu1.isptey,crincid½mthdepthVieiMtyb9轴ejiigatj&Xiig：thesurfacefvcgdsvhere9distheacce1.erationduetogravity;isthedepthofwater.Dependingonthesizeofthecurrent-meter(三)andthecrosssectionofthesuspensionequipmentretahveoftothesvsotinapkan!j11jfirbehiqmbcw1.h!11J1.rndncrwibanUxthetiurwt><11tyta11>jt<1.fr(jfs0,5vcto1,5vc.Itisasystematicandnotarandomerror.Irh1.HSdqihthndiMd而dGturidhtbaff1.1.ihnDdknaebb力1.doctUAbHMtW(Si1.AnDf1.<ha1.Citherhighimutwcdiihtvtionve1.ocitiesareattainedbeforetheinterferenceorthattheyexceeditsufficient1.yforthecritica1.zonetobebridgedwithoutextrapo1.ation.5.2 Towingcart5.2.1 Genera1.Duringca1.ibration,thecurrent-meterissuspendedbe1.owthecartandimmersedinthewaterataspecifieddepthandmeasuringsection,thecarttrave1.sa1.ongthe1.engthofthetankatknownandaccuratespeedsinthe5.2.2 CarttracksystemThecartmayrunontwopara1.1.e1.rai1.swhichsha1.1.beaccurate1.ya1.ignedwithboththe1.engthoftheraHkandthesurtheoiheWaterdnfteeirthorrtfe如nocdfiedtiahtdtorridarm。痴IUghtIUbdthaeftthetheThemateria1.andhardnessoftherai1.sandthedrivingwhee1.sshou1.dbechosensothattheresha1.1.notbeunduewearandtearofthewhee1.s.Inthecaseofrubbertirewhee1.s,provisionsha1.1.bemadeto1.iftthewhee1.sabovetherai1.surfacewhennotinusefora1.ongtime.5.2.3 TypesoftowingcartsThefo1.1.owingtypesoftowingcartsareincommonusage.a) IJW曲U3RQ消财媪虫曲钮1论V*iWA胁0袋RfdbyCarte楠机VCn唯H闲卸MWtKHK廊gmwith%rconsequentadvantageofhighacce1.erationandquickbraking,butthee1.asticityofthetowingcab1.ecancauseirregu1.aritiesintherunningofthecar1.therebyaffectingtheaccuracyofcurrent-meterca1.ibration.b) These1.f-prope1.1.edcartwhichismoveda1.ongthetrackbyinterna1.1.ymountede1.ectricrnotor(三).Thepowertothecartmaybefedbyatrai1.ingwiretracksystem,byanoverheadconductorsystemord丽3礴断他出椭¾三PhMres曲福se.陋tiMPpm阿edcaar!iWit？nc<WfW1.三outtherunningirregu1.aritiesofthecart.5.2.4 CartoperationThecartsha1.1.trave1.smooth1.yandatconstantspeedinthemeasuringsectionofthetowingtankensuringthatosci1.1.atorymotionisnottransmittedtothecurrent-metersunderca1.ibration.Thecartsha1.1.havesmoothoperationa1.capabi1.ity.Vibrationofthetowcartshou1.dbeavoided.norma1.operationatanyspeedinspecifiedrange.帆RS前掂糊糊三+11胡桃桃V娓根腺映1.su舟m郊麻W代蛹Hgntn)Ibe潞三产otherwisebye1.ectrica1.equipmentinsta1.1.edintheratingtankbui1.dingandvicinity.IffiiftJ1.t1.iIififi1.1.y期翱礼&哪隰,an砒好网检y.brakesystemsha1.1.a1.sobeprovidedonthecartwhichwou1.d5.2.5 Cartcontro1.Thecartmaybemannedorunmanned.Inthecaseofamannedcart,anoperatoron-boardcontro1.svariousfunctionsofthecart.Theunmannedcartisoperatedremote1.ywithoutanyoperatoronboard.5.3 Measuringequipment5.3.1 Genera1.Theca1.ibrationofacurrent-meterca1.1.sforthesimu1.taneousrecordingofthefo1.1.owingthreeparameters：a) distancecoveredbythecart;b) time;andc) signa1.(pu1.ses)de1.iveredbythecurrent-meterorve1.ocityprocessedbythemetercontro1.uni1.瓶IM6R四FWkr.ffVSteoRj三冰琳WiermeaSf件W½BFffeQ6fts)jfi而IoBt如树MSethesimu1.taneousmeasurementofthenumberofsigna1.s(pu1.ses)andthetime.5.3.2 DistancemeasurementDifferentmethodsareavai1.ab1.eformeasurementofdistancetothespecifiedmeasurementuncertainty(see5.3.5).Twoofthemostcommonmethodsareasfo1.1.ows:a) theestab1.ishmentof1.ightbarriers(markers)atregu1.arinterva1.sa1.ongthe1.engthofthetankwhichactuatemechanica1.oroptica1.pu1.setransmittersfittedtothecart；b) KbbmhQR6MaWH稣粉<Htt1.sVrih1.)输UrtIAMMa1.orphotoe1.ectricpu1.setransmitters/。PtiCa1.encodersinthecaseofusingameasuringwhee1.,itsha1.1.beensuredthatthereisnos1.ippageduringtrave1.n"11.ft¾邛概RbdOnOBI研自阴&edHieasurcmcntsha1.1.a1.sobeprovidedtochecktheaccuracyofthe5.3.3 TimemeasurementThetimeoftrave1.ofthecartisnorma1.1.ymeasuredbyane1.ectroniccounterwithanin-bui1.taccurateUmu1.driiettcddjeropdbdanstcrys1.Y0mm1.cai1.hutracea1.1.tc1.dB>nntioi1.iffir.standard.equipment5.3.4 Current-meterve1.ocitymeasurementThecartsha1.1.beprovidedwithasuitab1.erecordingdeviceforthemeasurementofcurrent-metersigna1.s.Inthecaseofrotating-c1.ementcurrent-meters,thesensorofthecurrent-metersha1.1.generateac1.earandpositivesigna1.correspondingtotherotorrevo1.utions.Norma1.1.y,asperthedesignofthesystem,诧睁QPSa9bd及晒磔RwiW3iMfin,frcm由出朋也卬版fi怩countedusingthecountingdeviceoftherrent-meter.Inmeasuringthenumberofcurrent-meterrevo1.utionsinagiventime,itisimportanttomeasurebetweenidentica1.pointsonthecurrent-metersigna1.Itsha1.1.beensuredthatnoneofthesigna1.saremissed.Inthecaseofane1.ectromagneticoracousticcurrent-meter,thee1.ectrica1.signa1.sfromitssensorarcprocessedbyitscontro1.unit.45.3.5Sourcesoferrorre1.atedtoinfrastructure5.3.5.1 Genera1.theprincipa1.sourcesofsystematicandrandomerrorsareconsideredbe1.ow.5.3.5.2 Errorduetothedistancemeasurementmeasurementmethod:一therma1.expansiononmeasuringwhee1.s；detection/countingofimpu1.sesfrompu1.setransmitterorencoders.5.3.5.3 Errorduetotimingmeasurementmeasurementmethod：driftofthetimereference.5.3.5.4 Errorduetoresidua1.currentsinthewaterpresent.Thefo1.1.owinginf1.uencefactorscancontributetotheupper1.imitonresidua1.currents:therma1.convectioncurrentsduetotemperaturegradients.5.3.5.5 Errorduetoenvironmenta1.conditionsavoided,convectioncurrents.inuenceonthetank'smeasurementsystemandtoreducethecreationofConvertersonanddeviceunderCspeda1.1.ysensitivee1.ectronicdevices.onthetowcarts,mayhaveanreinforcedconcreteinthenearsurrounding.5.3.5.6 Randomerrorsinsta1.1.ation,seriesrunsexerimenta)1.ymeasurc11entmc1.hodcar1.speedtimingfixedaccuracy.anddeterminedSourcesoferror(sourcesOfUnCertainty)sha1.1.betreatedaccordingtoISO/IECGuide98-3(GUM),On1.yThefo1.1.owinginf1.uencefactorscancontributetothemeasurementuncertaintyofthedistance systematicuncertaintyofthereferencedistancemeasuringmethod; repeatabi1.ityofthedistancemeasurementmethod;Thefo1.1.owinginf1.uencefactorscancontributetothemeasurementuncertaintyofthetiming systematicuncertaintyofthereferencetimingmeasuringmethod：Thewaterinthetankisnevercomp1.ete1.ysti1.1.andresidua1.currentsfromvariousoriginsarea1.ways standingwaves(surfacegravitywaves)1.inkedtothedimensionsOfthetankandduetopreviousmeasurementsordisturbancesinthewater;Theambienttemperaturef1.uctuationshou1.dbeas1.owaspossib1.e,anddirectsun1.ightshou1.dbetherma1.minimizetheE1.ectromagneticinterferencegeneratedbydriveunitsanddriveunitcontro1.ssuchasfrequencyinf1.uencethepowerrai1.s,testandiftheseare1.ocateddirect1.yMagneticinductivef1.owmetersmaybeaffectedbyferromagneticstructures1.ikestee1.beamsorTherepeatabi1.itywithwhichthecartspeedcanbedetermineddependsontherepeatabi1.ityofthedistancebysettingandonthetoava1.ueForanyperfonningthisofmaybetoprovideseriesofestimationsofthecartspeed.7.1.2.2Numberofca1.ibrationpointstowingve1.ocitiestorea1.izethesystematiccharacteristicsofthecurrent-meter.Itisgenera1.1.ynecessaryAttentionsha1.1.bepaidtothefo1.1.owingpoints.itsthemechanica1.andisimmersedwater,itbebecheckedforthatoi1.,1.ubricationbythemanufacturerorusedbythecustomerinthefie1.d,isusedforthecurrent-meterswithoi1.-fi1.1.edcontactsystemsandbearingsduringtheirservicingpriortoca1.ibration.Ifdamageisobservedsoanythevisua1.errorcanbeconsiderfirst Thesuspensionofthecurrent-metersha1.1.beasspecifiedbythemanufacturer/USerofthecurent-andSha1.1.theusua1.1.ybetheisasnearthe1.owe