ISO 28080-2021.docx

INTERNATIONA1.STANDARDISO28080editionSeCOnd202102Hardmeta1.sAbrasiontestsforhardmeta1.sMetauxdursEssaisd'abrasiondesmtauxdursCOPYRIGHTPROTECTEDDOCUMENT©ISO2021岫rkdea/山thUcdOthcnviscjft<c三orrtmcehDVBiwixuioiti08phnn11UatiocBhr<1.>hotoc<>p)Mng,ptbcatonpostingontheinternetoranintranet,withoutpriorwrittenpermission.PermissioncanherequestedfromeitherISOattheaddressbe1.oworIS<smemberbodyinthecountryoftherequester.%,tft晒Iandonnet8CH-1214*crnicr,GenevaPhone：M1.22749O1.11Pub1.ishedinSwitzerhndContentsForeword一.一ivIntroductionSconeV1Z3NormativereferencesTermsanddefinitions1145Princip1.eMateria1.s.225.1Testpieces225.25.35.1.2SurfacefinishAbrasiveReferencemateria1.s2“25.4WheC1.I36APParatUS6.1SUnImarVofannaratuses(test«VStenIS)36.26.3,b3Svefeedmechanism.-.Vacuumextraction.146.46.56.6Contro1.ofwhee1.speedCa1.ibrdtiOnOfabn)SiVef1.owTest1.ad«-5571.-Preparationoftestpiece7.1 Test-piecec1.eaning7.2 Test-pieceweighing66.68Procedure78.1Genera1.78.2隰8.5JYrUCd-7J>ta1.TViIoperd1.iUnconditionshndoftestorteststop78.6Interruptedtests8Expressionofresu1.ts89.1 Sing1.e-steptest89.2 Mu1.tip1.e-steptest89.2.1 TaiiUHt1.ODX1.fabraSionrate89.3 I1.1.ustrationoftrendsofwear,frictionforceandnorma1.force9109.4I1.1.ustrationofcomparativesetofmeasurementsusingtwoabrasionmateria1.s91UOf¾¾e.”.三.".Bib1.iography13ForewordISO(theInternationa1.OrganizationforStandardization)isawor1.dwidefederationofnationa1.standardsttiugh(ISOmrtmiw)bMd>niK盟RAucekdHpfff1.QbbGgbodyIcommitteehasbeenestab1.ishedhastherighttoberepresentedonthatcommittee.Internationa1.organizations,governmenta1.andnon-governmenta1.,in1.iaisonwithISO,a1.sotakepartinthework.ISOco1.1.aboratesc1.ose1.ywiththee1.ectrotechnica1.standardization.Internationa1.E1.ectrotechnica1.Commission(IEC)ona1.1.mattersofTheproceduresusedtodeve1.opthisdocumentandthoseintendedforitsfurthermaintenanceare蜩则搬OnSo/IECdW倘翩1.b如伏铀林监井硼麻肝的酗蝌er%cordanceMFhtheeditoria1.ru1.esoftheSOIECDirectives.Part2(seewww.iso.org/direc1.ives).时歌ionrightsd般掂棚15脚蝴橱卿SnSi嘏趣出即的植般眈doc1.三崎翩舟硼hsubjectofanypatentrightsidentifiedduringthedeve1.opmerUW4io÷uwMM41.beintheIntroductionand/orontheISO1.istofpatentdec1.arationsreceived(seewww.iso.org/pa1.ents).Anytradeusedinthisconstitutenameendorsement,documentisinformationgivenfortheconvenienceofusersanddoesnotForanexp1.anationofthevo1.untarynatureofstandards,themeaningofISOspecifictermsand哪崛硒1.%ticnc。的福P限融Mthe冲断Ih潴称小牖tion南版淮6华哂瞬聊硼iso/foreword.htm1.近216胡他晌糜照倒redm跳Od鼎油位和席格Aftte第，队和8加”¾J潴F脱阴潮I就鸵现常而GeeStandardization(CEN)Technica1.CommitteeCEN/SSM11,Powdermeta1.1.urgy,inaccordancewiththeAgreementontechnica1.cooperationbetweenISOandCEN(ViennaAgreement).Thisrevised.secondeditioncance1.sandrep1.acesthefirstedition(ISO28080:2011),whichhasbeentechnica1.1.yThemainchangescomparedtothepreviouseditionareasfo1.1.ows:C1.ause2,thenornativereferenceshavebeenupdated;C1.auses3and4havebeenswitched;-Srt,secondsentence：*orneoprene"hasbeenadded.Anyfeedbackorquestionsonthisdocumentshou1.db。diroedtoth。UMFKnationa1.standardsbody.Acomp1.ete1.istingofthesebodiescanbefoundatwww.iso.org/members.htm1.IntroductionThisdocumentprovidesnewandimprovedmethodsfortestingtheabrasioncharacteristicsofb<xideUj)pwigthatQtifigsvjbfsyms(ThimQutingriunberi11(51.3stom3ddbf1.Wb0ehavetheASTMG1.OSwetsand/rubberwhee1.testandtheASTMB611stee1.whee1.test.Othervariantsofthesetestshavea1.sobeendeve1.opedforspecificapp1.icationsinotherinstitutes.A1.1.ofthesetestsusea觊A魄嘀碌1.三魏嗯摘StfU相器画确北心榭曲明WMr林theiftg袖蝌betJ踹ethesq展的挪differenttests.However,theydodifferinthedetai1.sofhowtheabrasiveisfedtotneinterfacebetweenthewhee1.andthetestpiece,ifthetestcanbecarriedoutmthepresenceoff1.uids,andiftheabrasiveison1.yusedonceandpassesthroughthetestsystem,orisreusedmanytimes.Thisdocumentprovidesframeworkthatbringstogetherthekeyfeaturesofthesetestsandgivesresu1.tsthatshowcomparabi1.ity.Ita1.sogivesinformationontheirreproducibi1.ityandrepeatabi1.ity.Mh4S1BNM1.gWMifejnsdfcberAfi1.iMA1.GsiHtwWora1.yionsNRi)ubb(mMtedak,4<HhDn,ASTMG105methodforconductingwetsand/rubberwhee1.abrasiontests.血/管珑品misirft2号IWy科盛颂ingwearwe却R斯9葭忸胭%fhar西盟aun叔祜眼麻用hg跟Qingandmi1.1.ing.Itdoesshowthedifferenceinresistancetoabrasiveusefordifferentcarbidecompositions,andthemethodsmaybeusedaspractica1.testsorasresearchmethodsformateria1.discrimination.Hardmeta1.sAbrasiontestsforhardmeta1.s1Scopehardmeta1.s.conditions：b)wetanddry;d)Norinativechemica1.environments.constitutesrequirementsaredocument.Fordatedinreferences,on1.ySomeeditiona1.1.citedapp1.ies.contentISO3369,Impermeab1.esinteredmeta1.materia1.sandhardmeta1.sDeterminationofdensitySTMG65,StandardTestMethodforMeasuringAbrasionUsingtheDrySand/RubberWhee1.Apparatus3TermsanddefinitionsISOandIECmaintaintermino1.ogica1.databasesforUSeinStandardiZatiOnatthefo1.1.owingaddresses:3.1 IECE1.ectropedia:avai1.ab1.eat4ttj>wwwie1.e<tFopediFg/abrasionvo1.ume1.ossVNote1toentry：InASTMB611,thisisdefinedasthevo1.ume1.ossperrevo1.utionofthestee1.whee1.abrasionwearThisdocumentspecifiesagenerictestmethodtodeterminetheabrasionwearcharacteristicsofThetestisappropriateforuseinsituationswheretest1.aboratorieshaveaneedtosimu1.ateabrasivedamage.Theprocedureinc1.udesinformationwhichenab1.esthetesttobeusedinavarietyofdifferenta)withcounterfacewhee1.sofdifferentstiffness(forexamp1.estee1.andrubber);c)differentabrasivesizes;2difTerentreferencesThefo1.1.owingdocumentsofthisreferredinthetextsuchawaythattheoroftheirForundatedreferences,the1.atesteditionofthereferenceddocument(inc1.udinganyamendments)app1.ies.ASTMB611,StandardTestMethodforDeterminingtheHighStressAbrasionResistanceofHardMateria1.sASTMG105,StandardTeStMethodforConductingWetSand/RubberWhee1.AbrasionTestsForthepurposesofthisdocument,thefo1.1.owingtermsanddefinitionsapp1.y.ISOOn1.inebrowsingp1.atform：avai1.ab1.eathttps:/www.iso.org/obptestpiece,s1.ossinvo1.umeduringthetest3.2wearcausedbyanabrasivemateria1.onarotatingsurfacecontactingthetest-piecesurfaceunderpressure4Princip1.eThetestusesarotatingwhee1.againstwhichtestpiecesarepressed.AbrasiveisintroducedbetweeneM1.atf1.riuisthetestpiecetocauseabrasiontothetestpiece.5.1 Testpieces5.1.1 Overa1.1.sizesTestpiecesaretypica1.1.y1.argerthanthecontactareawiththerotatingwhee1.andaretypica1.1.yWbnmcontaif1.dwhw2mtiro23temaiifeThe6et11iHnfp(iesita¼fevectaBiedittowIiantsfortheastaeRarReference1)useatestpiecewithac1.ear1.ydefinedcontactshapeandsizewheretheweartakesp1.aceacrosstheentirecontactfaceofthesamp1.e.Thethicknessofthetestpieceisnotimportant,as1.ongasitissufficient1.yrobustandtheweartakesp1.aceentire1.ywithinthetestpiece.Whencoatedsamp1.esaretested,thetestdurationisnorma1.1.yadjustedtoensurethatthewearoccursexc1.usive1.ywithinthecoating.Thiscanbedeterminedbypost-testexamination.5.1.2 SurfacefinishThesurfacefinishofthetestpiececanaffecttheresu1.tsofthetest.Thus,thepresenceofasurfacethat祐TwMkUI1.eddmIiWSSiVCPrVfKH'atih中roce3sm,te8yeKQfriihigeh讪titUUVirMtraiCdnqbrs由ttmsenceofthesesurfaceregionsarewornaway,thewearrateisexpectedtoapproachthenorma1.va1.ueforthemateria).5.2 AbrasiveThetestabrasivesha1.1.beobtainedfromaconsistentsourcewithgoodqua1.itycontro1.procedures,toensurethatvariabi1.ityinitspropertiesisminimized.Itiswe1.1.knownthattheresu1.tsofabrasiontestingdependcritica1.1.yontheshape,sizeandsizedistributionoftheabrasive.Forthisreason,ifitisimportanttocomparetheresu1.tsofonetestwithanother,thesameabrasiveshou1.dbeusedinthetestsconcerned.Itisimportantthattheabrasivebedryandfreef1.owingtoavoidb1.ockageofthetestsystem.Themoisturecontentoftheabrasiveshou1.dbe1.essthan1%bymass.Themoisturecontentcanbe病JWM&叼慵1.f1.麻虫¾三的/tingmd俵W瓯nec毁Tr丽前0i1.hgbeade蛇颔的。刖钝淞hing.ASTMB611usescoarsea1.uminaasanabrasive,andASTMG65andASTMG105usesi1.icasand.For的bherR<Wi¾i疆坪当性abrasives,seeASTMB61.I1ASTMG65andASTMG105.IbW圾1.t5ertPi*,IHH匹贝CTiWdimstances削W(iHWUW19AWhsmaft¾8WiH第用子F泌;gf1.11b帘OnnaIiZeupoftheabrasive.Thisprocedureisdescribedin8.7.娜般ase,ope懦，rfpS8他钿咽胖拼°1山甲6?曲/8a1.1.ye刮hs.areferencemateria1.toensurethatthetest5.4Whee1.5.4.1 Materia1.Eitherthewhee1.ismadefromaso1.idpieceoftherequisitemateria1.suchasstee1.,or,whene1.astomericmotdriomttJiHr11pUsedoftaapcbvidwhaHjiiSpitabiearfaodfJjrfidiMSIO>jptearye1.astomerspedfindatiyASTMB6!1andch1.orobuty1.rubberorneoprenerimmedwhee1.swithaShoreADurometerhardnessasspecifiedinASTMG65orinASTMG105sha1.1.bused.PO1.卿被R破脚依曲将ftrti的砒如称ii网即羔&曲蚪MMtfaksh曲加*foted谢Ve-specifiedrubber,significantdifferencesinresu1.tscanoccurindrytests,possib1.yduetoa1.terationofmechanica1.propertiesre1.ativetothoseoftherubberduetoheatingbytheabrasionprocess.5.4.2 W1.iee1.sizeThewhee1.specifiedinASTMG65hasadiameterof228.6mrnandafacewidthof12,7mmandinAsTMSe1.IritJipISawhtchha>E由hoffftt9mR3id4rtrtwn畸siZIttoHrteareThcpeGBtmiicntKbCjKMnSotherwise,thespecifictestconditionsintheSTMstandardsshou1.dbeused.Fortestswhichuserubbere1.astomerrims,suchasASTMG65,thethicknessoftherimshou1.dbe12,7mm.Again,iftherearenospecia1.reasonstochooseothc11ise,theASTMG65conditionsshou1.dbeused.Thewhee1.issubjectedtodamageduringthetesting,andshou1.dbecheckedperiodica1.1.y.Ifsignicantdamagehasoccurred,thewhee1.shou1.dberep1.aced.Theovera1.1.diameterofthewhee1.shou1.da1.sobe独制*eit触recommendedamount(12,7mmforSTMG65and4mmThe11bberwhee1.shou1.dbedressedaccording1.ybeforeeachtest.跳与联期andFi跚gJ1区由点所此8Ht¾6rtegu1.ar,ff1.nwhefi)11taWo11ateafff1.<三1.三ibyexamininga6Apparatus6.1Summaryofapparatuses(testsystems)Theschematicsoftypica1.testsystemsareshowninFigure1.Twovariantsareshown.Variant1(seeReferenCeS(SeeReferencewherewheretestpiecepiecehorizonta1.vertica1.1.ypressedpressedintotopedgeofwhee1.,whee1.NOTEExamp1.esOfVariant2testsystemsaretheASTMB611testandtheASTMG65test.Theabrasiveisfedfromahopperintotheabrasive-feedsystemandthenceintothecontactbetweenthetestpieceandrotatingwhee1.ffhmbrstingctinrtrt1.mricnais(bbtitriH1.itatadrtirtIwtapb1.yoff1.uidjustinfrontoftheabrasivefeed,orbyb)Withvertica1.testpiece2weight3samp1.e4s1.urrybath6 f1.uidfeed7 feedchute8 abrasive-feedmechanismWTfofSupwiyasivtnoHM4<rfrin1.帕Smfm用6i11miB<nWd*eanRWbmt守UbrJS1.Vefeedfromahopper.BothFigure1-Schematicdiagramofrotating-whee1.abrasiontestsystemwithhorizonta1.testpieceorvertica1.testpiece6.2 Abrasive-feedmechanismTheabrasivecanbefedtothetestpiece,respective1.ywhee1.interface,byanumberofdifferentmethods.Theseinc1.udea) avibratingfeed,b) ascrewauger,andc) as1.ottedrotatingdisctocontro1.f1.owcoup1.edwithachute.%第8tia1.feft能制喇徵嘛蛹)dsin榆犯iv第刷三ea击册总WShOW依翎验擀OHedingivinggoodcontro1.offeedrates.6.3 VacuumextractionItisimportantthat,fordrytests,avacuumextractionsystemwiththeappropriateHSEfi1.tersbefittedgesaUmgHm泌CUjtiWitteddeWHssiteMtheabrasivetestpiecethatCanbeahea1.thriskisco1.1.ectedand6.4 Contro1.ofwhee1.speedSpeedperachievedrecomniendcd)thcensureapp1.ied.operation.rotationa1.speedsha1.1.beca1.ibratedperiodica1.1.y6.5Ca1.ibrationofabrasivef1.owmeasured.Thistonorma1.1.yachievedthearrangingthataCtua1.1.ybaff1.esthroughawajfwearingabrasivethatPaSSeSsystems(seeReferencesthesesystems,specifica1.1.ydesignedCanensurcca1.cu1.atcdtheabrasivef1.owratecancomparisonOftoabrasioncoverageCarricdwith-FeHwIaone.rigtoanother,theabrasive-53(?AcCistheabrasivecoveragefigure,incubicmetrespersquaremetreseconds(m3m-2s-);-34QInCrCaSCProCedUreison1.yusefu1.wherecounterfaceiscomp1.iant,sothatthecontactareadoesnot6.6Test1.oadsystemandshou1.dbeeffective1.y.periodica1.1.y(typica1.1.yapp1.iedshou1.dbeca1.ibratedbeforeuseofthetest6.7 F1.uidf1.owSimp1.e1.nstrumentationprocedures.SomeOthersystemsresu1.ts,suchcarytheoutabrasiontestsonhardmeta1.s(are),instrmentedwearmeasure<iuringtransducermeasuredsuch1.oadce1.1.integratedthemovementann,andtesttneasuredthedisp1.acementISO2021-A1.1.nghtsreservedThewhee1.speedneedstobewe1.1.contro1.1.edwithamotorofadequatepowersuchthatastab1.econstant(onceisyearisindependentofto1.oadstab1.eTheTheabrasivef1.owisdear1.yacritica1.parameterinthetesting.Thisneedstobecarefu1.1.ymeasured.Itisimportantisensurethaton1.ybyabrasiveseriesofpassesdiverttheanycontactisdoesnotpassthroughthecontact,sothaton1.ytheabrasivethatdoespassthroughismeasuredbyco1.1.ectingandweighingforapre-determinedperiodandca1.cu1.atingarateofabrasivef1.owrate.Sometestthroughthetestcontact.In1and5J)aretheabrasivef1.owratetobethatbysimp1.eneasuro11cntofai1.theabrasivepassingthroughthecontact.Toenab1.eheconvertedabrasive1.oadingtoHefigureoutfrom(1)G=一whereisthevo1.umef1.owrate,incubicmetrespersecond(m3st);Acistheabrasivecoverage,insquaremetres(m2).Thismarked1.yasweartakesp1.acetheduringthetestNorma1.1.y,dead-weight1.oadingisapp1.iedthmugha1.ever-armsystem.However,othertypesof1.oadingcanbeusedcheckedTheactua1.1.oadonceperyearorevery200tests).Insystemsfittedwithaf1.uidfeed,thef1.owratesha1.1.beca1.ibratedbeforeuse.Thisisnorma1.1.ydoneby6.8 gravimetricstoretestusedtoasfrictionforce(f¥),norma1.forceFnanddepthofto(D),andthetestrun.cquisitionOfmeasuredva1.uesiscarriedoutbymeansofappropriatesigna1.conditioning,anana1.ogue-to-digita1.converter,puter.件ismeasuredbyasuitab1.ymounted1.oadce1.1.,Fnisp1.acedinbyawayastomonitorinthe1.everoftheDiswhce1.intobysamp1.e.Anexamp1.eofatestsystemthatincorporatesthesefeaturesisshowninFigure2.1 bucketwhee1.2 supp1.yvesse1.3 1.inearbearing4 weightand1.everarm5 1.oadce1.1.s6 disp1.acementtransducer7 samp1.e8 rotatingwhee1.9 f1.owmeter,Water.啊IheWkb即MiXnrnSfsc;(ate*IStandardsG6SandB6117Preparationoftestpiece7.1Test-piecec1.eaningThetestpiecesha1.1.bec1.eanedbeforep1.acinginthetestsystembyc1.eaningu1.trasonica1.1.yinacetone物210TFpieceweighing?港Test-sAi1.edetysW1.neasuredbeforethetestwithaba1.ancethatcanmeasureto0,1mg.Thetest-samp1.edensitysha1.1.bedeterminedinaccordancewithISO3369.8Procedure8.1Genera1.Eithertestscanbecarriedoutwithasing1.estepofare1.ative1.y1.ongduration,oraninterruptedtestbMveencaritp.withanumberofabrasionstepsofshorterduration,withthetestpiecereweighedTheintenupte<itestcanbeusefu1.todetermineiftransitionsinwearareencountered,forinstance,due和9吸r耀&陶旭利脸岫眄Sn话婚Hity1.eaningandreweighingprocessatthetheiK隔jed黯盟现都缺M幄阍t色wever,mpossibi1.ityisduetothedisturbanceofthesurfaceduringthec1.eaning