不一样的【六级课】 阅读讲义（9－10）.docx

Example 1:nWearelargelytheplayingthingsofourfears,11wrotetheBritishauthorHoraceWalpolemanyyearsago.'"'ToOne,fearOfthedark;toanother,（fear）OfPhySiCalpains;toathird,OfPUbIiCridicule;toafourth,Ofpoverty;toafifty,OfIonelilIeSS（角笔释说明，概括总结）forallOfUSbUKUartiCUIarCreatUrdWaitSinahiddenPlaCe,色彩词：InthelastsentenceOfParagraphl,“ourparticularcreature"refersto.A.fear（色彩）ofsomething（代的五种惧怕）B.afiercebeastC.physicalPaiIlD.PUbliCridicule直选+排除Example 2:Afterall,thephenomenonisnotIsolatedtohumans.emalesJhavetheedge（amongallmammalian（哺乳动物的）species,inthat（they=females）livelonger（好）.TheWowedge"inParagraph6means.A.marginB.sideC.advantageD.quality色彩一致原则Example 3:ItisallverywelltoblameItraffiCJamthecostofpetrolandthefastpaceofmodernlife.But（递进）mamers:行为OrItheroadsarebecomingdeplorab以=（隐形并歹IJ）Everybodyknowsthatthenicestmenbecomethewheel=色彩一致原则TheWoYd“deplorable”（Para.1）mostprobablymeans.A.moreseriousB.moretemptingC.disturbing（色彩程度不一样）Anoticeble1矛盾相反2I对比强调I3主题不变，色彩相反二次定位Example 4:IDoCtOrqinBritainareWanIing（问题）Ofa|：ObeSitytimebom|,WheilChildrenWhOfalreadyOVerWeightgrowUP（小词=禾U用色彩一致）.So,WhatShOUldWedo?EXerCiSemore?Eatless?Orboth?Thegovernmentfeelsithastotakeresponsibilityforthisexpandingproblem（大）.Whatdoes“thisexpandingproblem”（Para.1）referto?A. TheslowgrowingupofoverweightchildrenB. TheobesitytimebombIWamedofbydoctors（被动）C. Toolittleexerciseandtoomuchdie.D.NeglectofthehealthissuebythegovernmentIlikethis:代词=名词:未知Ilikethisman:adj物主代词=adj：this=man此名词在上文中以原词，同义词，上下义词的身份的出现（4-6分）gps12公式以小见大（拿大的开始；以小的结尾）上义词=大词=概括总结下义词=小词=具体细节Practice7Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Airpollutionisdeterioratinginmanyplacesaroundtheworld.Thefactthatpublicparksincitiesbecomecrowdedassoonasthesunshinesprovesthatpeoplelongtobreatheingreen,openspaces.Theydonotallknowwhattheyareseekingbuttheyflockthere,nevertheless.And,inthesesurroundings,theyaregenerallybothpeacefulandpeaceable.Itisraretoseepeoplefightinginagarden.Perhapsstruggleunfoldsfirst,notataneconomicorsociallevel,butovertheappropriationofair,essentialtolifeitself.Ifhumanbeingscanbreatheandshareair,theydon,tneedtostrugglewithoneanother.Unfortunately,inourwesterntradition,neithermaterialistnoridealisttheoreticiansgiveenoughconsiderationtothisbasicconditionforlife.Asforpoliticians,despiteproposingcurbsonenvironmentalpollution,theyhavenotyetcalledforittobemadeacrime.Wealthycountriesareevenallowedtopolluteiftheypayforit.Butisourlifeworthanythingotherthanmoney?Theplantworldshowsusinsilencewhatfaithfulnesstolifeconsistsof.Italsohelpsustoanewbeginning,urgingustocareforourbreath,notonlyatavitalbutalsoataspirituallevel.Theinterdependencetowhichwemustpaytheclosestattentionisthatwhichexistsbetweenourselvesandtheplantworld.Oftendescribedas11thelungsoftheplanet11,thewoodsthatcovertheearthofferusthegiftofbreathableairbyreleasingoxygen.Buttheircapacitytorenewtheairpollutedbyindustryhaslongreacheditslimit.Ifwelacktheairnecessaryforahealthylife,itisbecausewehavefilleditwithchemicalsandundercuttheabilityofplantstoregenerateit.Asweknow,rapiddeforestationcombinedwiththemassiveburningoffossilfuelsisanexplosiverecipeforanirreversibledisaster.Thefightovertheappropriationofresourceswillleadtheentireplanettohellunlesshumanslearntosharelife,bothwitheachotherandwithplants.Thistaskissimultaneouslyethicalandpoliticalbecauseitcanbedischargedonlywheneachtakesituponherselforhimselfandonlywhenitisaccomplishedtogetherwithothers.Thelessontaughtbyplantsisthatsharinglifeexpandsandenhancesthesphereoftheliving,whiledividinglifeintoso-callednaturalorhumanresourcesdiminishesit.Wemustcometoviewtheair,theplantsandourselvesasthecontributorstothepreservationoflifeandgrowth,ratherthanawebofquantifiableobjectsorproductivepotentialitiesatourdisposal.Perhapsthenwewouldfinallybegintolive,ratherthanbeingconcernedwithbaresurvival.46. Whatdoestheauthorassumemightbetheprimaryreasonthatpeoplewouldstrugglewitheachother?A) Togettheirshareofcleanair.B) Topursueacomfortablelife.C) Togainahighersocialstatus.D) Toseekeconomicbenefits.47. Whatdoestheauthoraccusewesternpoliticiansof?A) Deprivingcommonpeopleoftherighttocleanair.B) Givingprioritytotheoryratherthanpracticalaction.C) Offeringpreferentialtreatmenttowealthycountries.D) Failingtopasslawstocurbenvironmentalpollution.48. Whatdoestheauthortrytodrawourclosestattentionto?A) Themassiveburningoffossilfuels.B) Ourrelationshiptotheplantworld.C) Thecapacityofplantstorenewpollutedair.D) Large-scaledeforestationacrosstheworld.49. HowcanhumanbeingsaccomplishthegoalOfprotectingtheplanetaccordingtotheauthor?A) Byshowingrespectforplants.B) Bypreservingallformsoflife.C) Bytappingallnaturalresources.D) Bypoolingtheireffortstogether.50. Whatdoestheauthorsuggestwedoinordernotjusttosurvive?A)Expandthesphereofliving.B)Developnature,spotentials.C)Sharelifewithnature.D)Allocatetheresources.Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Earlydecisionyouapplytoon。school,andadmissionisbindi一seemslikeagreatchoicefornervousapplicants.Schoolsletinahigherpercentageofearly-decisionapplicants,WhiCharguablymeansthatyouhaveabetterCharICeOfgettinginAndifyoudo,you,redonewiththewholeagonizingprocessbyDecember.BUtWhatmostIStUdeiItSandParentSIdoIrtrealizeisthatSChOOlShavehiddenmotivesforofferingearlydecision.（定位三次）太难定位三次定位Earlydecision,sinceit,sbinding,allows,schoolstofilltheirclassesWithlqualifiedStUd京s;itallowsad-missionscommitteestoselectthestudentsthatareinparticulardemandfortheircollegeandknowthosestudentswillcome.Italsogivesschoolsahigheryieldrate,whichisoftenusedasoneofthewaystomeasurecollegeselectivityandpopularity.Theproblem（原词定位）isthatthisprocesseffectively!shortensthewindowoftimestudentshavetomakeoneofthemostimportantdecisionsoftheirlivesuptothatpoint.Underregularadmissions,seniorshaveuntilMay1tochoosewhichschooltoattend;earlydecisioneffectivelystealssixmonthsfromthem,monthsthatcouldbeusedtovisitmoreschools,domoreresearch,speaktocurrentstudentsandalumni（校友）andarguablymakeamoreinformeddecision.Thereare,frankly,anastonishingRUmberOfexceptionalConegeSinAmeriCa,andforanygivenstudent,thereareanumberOfSChOOISthatareagreatfit.WhenStUdentSbecometoofixated（专注）OnaPailieUlarSChOOlearlyintheadmissionsprocess,thatfixationCanIeadtoSeVeredisappointmentiftheydon'tgetinor,iftheydo,thePOSSibiIitythattheyareIIoWboundtogotoaSChOOlthat,giventimeforfurtherreflection,maynotactuallyberightforthem.（优势）Insofarasearlydecisionoffersagenuineadmissionsedge,thatadvantagegoeslargelytostudentswhoalreadyhavenumerousadvantage.Thestudentswhouseearlydecisiontendtobethosewhohavereceivedhigher-qualitycollegeguidance,usuallyaresultofcomingfromamoreprivilegedbackground.Inthisregard,there,sanargumentagainst（opposed）earlydecision,as（why）SItUdentSlfrOmlower-incomefamiliesarefarlesslikelytohavetheIadmiSSiO词know-howtonavigatetheoftenconfusingearlydeadlines.Studentswhohavedonetheirresearchandareconfidentthatthere,soneschooltheywouldbethrilledtogetintoshould,underthecurrentsystem,probablyapplyunderearlydecision.ButforstudentsWhOhaven'tyetdoneenoughresearch,OrWhoareStinCOnStantlyChangingtheirmindsOilfavoriteschools,theearly-decisionsystemneedlesslyandprematurelynarrowsthefieldofpossibilityjustatatimewhenstudentsIShoUldbeOPeningthemselvestoaWhOIerangeOfoptions51.Whatare|血，0£$o4igedtod&underearlydecision?A) LOokintoaIotOfSChoolSbeforetheyapply.B) AttendtheSChOOlOilCetheyareadmitted.C) Thi遥twicebeforetheyaccepttheoffer.D) COnSUIttheCUITentStUdelltSHlIdalumni.黄色是主题词红色是色彩词蓝色是逻辑词绿色谓语动词定位句是下划线框框是定位点删除线时无效信息或是题干52. Whydoschoolsofferearlydecision?A) TOIPIaknSUreItheygetIgualiBedstudentsB) Toavoidcompetitionwithothercolleges.C) Toprovidemoreopportunitiesforapplicants.D) Tosavestudentstheagonyofchoosingaschool.53. What(小词)issaidtobethePrObletn=色彩词WitM，力decisiorfor卜版於?|利用色彩词A) Itmakestheirapplicationprocessmorecomplicated.B) Itplacestoohighademandontheirresearchability.C) Itallowsthemlittletimetomakeinformeddecisions.(第三段)D) Itexertsmuchmorepsychologicalpressureonthem.定位：54. Why(as)arescnepeopleopposedto(against)earlydecision?(earlydecision)A) Itinterfereswithstudents*learninginhighschool.B) Itisbiasedagainststudentsatordinaryhighschools.C) Itcausesunnecessaryconfusionamongcollegeapplicants.D) Itplacesstudentsfromlower-incomefamiliesatadisadvantage.55. WhatdoetheauthdrbdvisccollegeapplicanRtodo?A) RefrainfromcompetingwithStUdeetSfi)mPriViIegedfamilies.B) IAVoidChOoSirIgearlydecisioe(主题词)UlnBSStheyarefullyPrePared.=色彩一致C) FindSUffiCientinfo11nationabouttheirfavoriteschools.D) LookbeyondthefewSUPPoSedlythrillingoptions.(D)主题优先色词一致提出问题分析原因解决问题earlydecisionPractice8Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.ITenneSS画SIteChniCalandCOmmUnityCollegeSlWinnot-utsouece（夕卜包）managementOftheirIfaCilitieStoaPriVateComDanyj（同住语）adecisionWaSbolsteredbyananalysisOfSDendineatIeaChCamPuS.（句子太长）短InanemailSeiltMOlIdaytoCOnegePreSideiltSintheTemIeSSeeBOardOfRegeiItSsystem,OUtgoiIl竺ChanCeIIorJOhnMorgaillSaidanintemalanalys屈ShOWed-ateachICamPUs，SPendingOlllIfaCilitieSmanagementellWeUbelowtheindustryStandardSlIidentifiedbythestateMorgansaidthosefindings-whichincludeddatafromthesystem,s13communitycolleges,27technicalcollegesandsixuniversitieswerepartofthedecisionnottomoveforwardwithGovernorBillHaslam,sproposaltoprivatizemanagementofstatebuildingsinanefforttosavemoney.（二次定位）“Whilethesenumbersarestillbeingvalidatedbythestate,wefeelanyadjustmentstheymightsuggestwillbeimmaterial,Morganwrotetothepresidents.""Systeminstitutionsareoperatingveryefficientlybasedonthisanalysis,raisingthequestionofthevalueofpursuingabroadscaleoutsourcinginitiative.IWOrker'sadvocateSl=SUPPOiIerShaveCritiCiZedHaslam'splan,Sayingitwouldmeansomecampusworkerswouldlosetheirjobsorbenefits.Haslamhassaidcollegeswouldbefreetooptinoroutoftheoutsouringplan,whichhasnotbeenfinalized.MorgannotifiedtheHaslamadministrationofhisdecisiontooptoutinalettersentlastweek.Thatletter,whichincludesseveralconcernsMorganhaswiththeplan,wasoriginallyobtainedbyTheCommercialAppealinMemphis.InanCmailStatementfiromthestate'sOfficeOfCUStOmerFoCUSedGovernment,WhiChisexaminingteDOSSibilityOfOUtSoUrCiileLSIPokeSWOmanMiIChelleR.IMalIiHsaidOffiCiaISWIereStiIIlIWorkingtoanalyzethedatfromtheBOardOfRegerits.DatrOnmonagementexpansesattheConegLSyStemandinOtherStatedepartmentsWiIlbePartOfa"businessjustification“theStatHWiIIUSeasOffiCiaIHdeliberatetheSPeCifiCSOfanOUtHOUrCingPlHrL二次定位“Thestate'sfacilitiesmanagementPrOjeCtteamisStininthePrOCeESOfdevelopingitsbusinessjustificationandexpectstohavethatComPIetedandavailabletothePUbliCattheendOfFebruary；IMartinlsaid.ttAtthistimethereisnothingtotakeactiononsinceteanalysishasyettobeIComPIeMorgan,scommentsonoutsourcingmarkthesecondtimethismonththathehascomeoutagainstoneofHaslam,splansforhighereducationinTennessee.MorgansaidIaStWeekthatheWOUldretireattheendOfJanUarYbecauseOfthebovemoFsproposaltoSPIito通UIDiVerSitieSOfdISyStenjandCreateSeParategoverningboardsforeachOfem.Inhisresignationletter,Morgancalledthereorganization“unworkable”.46.WhatdowelearnaboutthdecisionoftechnicalandcommunitycolleinTennesseeIXrltisbacked（bolstered=）byaCamPUSSPeiIdilIganalysis.找至UBaCk:V背；支持B. Ithasbeenflatlyrejectedbythegovernor.C. Ithasneglectedtheirfaculty'sdemands.D. Itwillimprovetheirfinancialsituation.47. Whatdoes词CCamPUiJending吟闲reveal?（色彩积极的词汇）A. PrivatecompaniesplayabigroleinCamPUSmanegement.B. Facilitiesmanagementbycollegesismore（对上匕水平）cost=spending-effective,（belowwell）（色彩一致）（附加一次）C. Facilitiesmanagementhasgreatlyimprovedinrecentyears.D. ConegeSexercisefoilContrOIOVertheirOWnfinancialaffairs.48. Wokes'supporters卜that屈HaSlanl，sproposalWOUld色彩词.A. deprivecollegesoftherighttomanagetheirfacilitiesB. makeworkerslessmotivatedinperformingdutiesC. renderanumberofcampusWorkersjobless（并歹fJ结构选其一）benefits:n利益;福利;好处;精华benefitsandcosts:好处和坏处profitsandcosts：利益和成本D. leadtotheprivatizationofcampusfacilities49. WhatdowelearnfromthesS%SPokeSWomansresponsetoIJoMOYgan'sdecision，三次定位:M:三句话:IIKrITheoutsourcingplanisnotyetfinalized（completed）.B. TheoutsourcingPIanlWinbeimplemented.C. ThestateofficialsareCorIfident（色彩一致）abouttheoutsourcingplanD. ThecollegespendinganalysisjustifiesItheOUtSOUrCingplan50. WhydidIJOMOrgaHdecideresign?:辞职A. HehadlostconfidenceintheTennesseestategovernment.B. Hedisagreedwiththegovernoronhighereducationpolicies.C. Hethoughtthestate,soutsourcingproposalwassimplyunworkable.D. Heopposedthegovemor,splantoreconstructthecollegeboardsystem.Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Beginninginthelatesixteenthcentury,it=主题词becamefashionableforIyoUngaristocrats:贵族tovisitParis,Venice,Florence,andaboveall,Rome,astheCUImination（终极）oftheirclassicaleducation.ThuswasborntheideaoftheGrandTourJapracticewhichintroducedIEngliShmer,GermanSjISCarIdirlaVians,andalsoAmeriCanSltotheartandcultureofFranceandItalyforthenext300years.TraVel=主题词wasarduousandcostlythroughouttheperiod,possibleonlyforaprivilegedclass一thesamethatproduced,gentlemenscientists,authors,antiqueexperts,andpatronsofthearts.ThelGrandTOUriStlwastypicallyayoungmanwithathoroughgroundinginGreekandLatinliteratureaswellassomeleisuretime,somemeans,andsomeinterestinart.TheGermantravelerJohannWinckelmannpioneeredthefieldofarthistorywithhiscomprehensivestudyofGreekandRomansculpture;hewasportrayedbyhisfriendAntonRaphaelMengsatthebeginningofhislongresidenceinRome.MbStGCarIdTourist、however,StayedforbrieferPeniodSandSetOUtWithIeSSSehoIarIyintentiogaccompaniedbyateacherOrguardian,andexpectedtoreturnhome（benfitfrom=色彩一致）withsouvenirsofItheiltravelsaswellasanUiIderStalIdingOfartandarchitectureformedbyexposuretogreatmasterpiecesLondonwasafrequentstartingpointforGrandTourists,andParisacompulsorydestination;manytraveledtotheNetherlands,sometoSwitzerlandandGermany,andaveryfewadventurerstoSpain,Greece,orTurkey.Theessentialplacetovisit,however,wasItaly.TheBritishtravelerCharlesThompsonspokeformanyGrandTouristswhenin1744hedescribedhimselfas"beingimpatientlydesirousofviewingacountrysofamousinhistory,acountrywhichoncegavelawstotheworld,andwhichisatpresentthegreatestschoolofmusicandpainting,containsthenoblestproductionsofsculptureandarchitecture,andisfilledwithcabinetsofrarities,andcollectionsofallkindsofhistoricalrelics,WithinItaly,thegreatfocuswasRome,whoseancientruinsandmorerecentachievementswereshowntoeveryGrandTourist.Panini,sAncientRomeandModemRomerepresentthesightsmostprized,includingcelebratedGreco-Romanstatuesandviewsoffamousruins,fountains,andchurches.SincethereWereIfeWmuseumsanywhereinIEUrOBlebeforetheCIOSeOftheeighteenthcenturyGrandTouristsoftensawpaintingsandsculpturesbygainingadmissiontoPriVatecollection,andmanywereeagertoacquireexamplesofGreco-RomanandItalianartfortheirowncollections.!InEngland,wherearchitecturewasseenasanaristocraticpursuit,noblemenoftenappliedwhattheylearnedfromthevillasofPalladiointhe