七级英语时态汇总情况一般现在时_一般过去时和现在进行时.doc

七年级英语时态汇总一般现在时【定 义】一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作。即描述我们日常生活中的衣食住行等活动。【用 法】(1)在实际应用中，一般现在时常与以下时间状语联用：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month, once a week, on Sundays 例句：He usually plays football on Sundays.(2)没有时间状语，可以分以下四种类型：Abe型  这一类型由be动词+名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词或介词短语等一起构成谓语，表示主语的个性、特征或状态。如：  I am a student.(主语+be动词+名词)  They are hungry.主语+be动词+形容词  He is out.(主语+be动词+副词)  That pen is mine.(主语+be动词+代词)  I am fifteen.(主语+be动词+数词)  The bike is under the tree.(主语+be动词+介词短语)Bdo型   do型由行为动词充当谓语，表示经常性或习惯性的动作，其构成为“主语+动词原形或动词第三人称单数形式。如：  I know it.  He believes me.Cthere be型   there be型句子表示“某地存在，其构成为“there be+主语+其他，表示客观事实。用法遵循“就近原如此，即主语是单数或并列主语中的第一个主语是单数，如此用there is；主语是复数或并列主语中的第一个主语是复数，如此用there are。如  1There is an eraser on the teacher's desk.(主语an eraser是单数)  2There is an orange，five apples and eight bananas in the bag.(并列主语中的第一个主语an orange是单数)D情态动词型  情态动词型句子的构成为“主语+情态动词+动词原形，情态动词和动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人对所表示的动作或状态的看法。如：  He can speak a little English.(can+speak)  May I have a book, please?(may+have)【结 构】主语+动词原形+宾语 即某人+某个动词+其他。肯定式疑问式否认式否认疑问式I work.Do I work?I do not work.Dont I work?You work.Do you work?You do not work.Dont you work?We work.Do we work?We do not work.Dont we work?They work.Do they work?They do not work.Dont they work?He(She,It) works.Does he(she,it) work?He(She,It) does not work.Doesnt he(she,it) work?否认形式：首先找句子中有没有be动词is, am或者are或情态动词can，如果有，只要在be动词或情态动词后面加上not。如果句子中没有be动词is, am或者are或情态动词can那么根据主语在后面参加dont(you, I或者复数)或doesnt第三人称单数。一般疑问句：首先找句子中有没有be动词is, am或者are或情态动词can，如果有，只要将be动词或情态动词提前，放到主语前面。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称要互换。如果句子中没有be动词is, am或者are或情态动词can那么根据主语判断参加do(you, I或者复数)或does第三人称单数。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称也要互换。特殊疑问句：首先分析划线局部的意思，确定用哪个疑问词what, where, who, when, which, whose, how, how many, how much, what shape, what colour, what doing, where going, what do,然后找句子中有没有be动词is, am或者are或情态动词can，如果有，只要将be动词或情态动词放到主语前面疑问词的后面。如果句子中没有be动词is, am或者are或情态动词can那么根据主语判断参加do(you, I或者复数)或does第三人称单数。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称也要互换。【口 诀】当主语是第三人称单数时 肯定句 主语+动词三单+其他 否认句 主语+doesn't+动词原形+其他 一般疑问句 Does+主语+动词原形+其他 肯定回答 Yes，主语+does 否认回答 No，主语+doesn't 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 当主语不是第三人称单数时 肯定句 主语+动词原形+其他 否认句 主语+don't+动词原形+其他 一般疑问句 Do+主语+动词原形+其他 用错结构全句都错，一定要注意。【第三人称单数变化规律】情况构成方法读音例词一般情况加 -s 清辅音后读/s/ 浊辅音和元音后读/z/swim-swims； help-helps；like-likes以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的词加 -es 读/iz/ teach-teaches以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y 为i再加es读/z/study-studies；fly-flies【练 习】一、 用所给词的适当形式填空。Be动词一般现在时中的be动词有四中形式: am is are be其中：am用于一人称主语I之后，构成I am句型。 is 用于三人称单数主语she, he, it或单个的人和物之后，构成She/He/It is句型。 are用于二人称you或复数主语we, they之后，构成You/We/They are句型。 be为该动词的原形，用于情态动词can, may, must之后或用于祈使句中。 如：Be careful! 当心！1. Jim _(be) a hard-working student at school.2. _(be) Tom and Sam in the same class?3. Your school life _(be) very interesting.4. There _(be) a pen, two rulers and some books on the desk.5. The boys _(be) very friendly to me.6. Maria _(be not) from the U.S.A.7. _(be) there any trees and a pool in the yard? 8. I want to _(be) a teacher.9. Mr. Wang cant _(be) at home, because the lights are off.10. Dont _(be) late for school again.二、 用所给词的适当形式填空。情态动词情态动词有 can“能够，可以 may“可以 must必须 + 动词原形不需变化 should 应该1. My mom can _(cook) food well.2. Must she _(stay) at home now?3. What can the boy _(do) for his parents?4. Tom cant _(sing) an English song.5. He may _(perform) ballet at Kangkangs birthday party.6. She should _(help) her parents do some housework.三、 用所给词的适当形式填空。实义动词主语一，二人称或三人称复数 + 动词原形不需变化主语三人称单数 + 动词三人称单数形式动词s/es否认句中dont, doesnt + 动词原形不需变化疑问句中Do, Does + 主语 + 动词原形不需变化1. Tom often _(take) a talk after supper.2. Tom and I usually _(go) to school by bike.3. Does Lin Tao _(like) reading storybooks?4. What classes do you _(have) today?5. How often does the girl _(watch) TV?6. Where do they _(live) now?7. Every year many people _(lose) their lives in traffic accidents.8. Sam doesnt _(get) up early in the morning.9. Each of them _(have) a nice schoolbag.10. They each _(sleep) late at night.四、 句型转换。Be动词否认句：直接在be动词之后加not。疑问句：将be动词提到主语之前。1. She is in a blue dress.变否认句 She _ _ a blue dress.2. I am from Qijiang.变一般疑问句 _ _ from Qijiang?3. Are the storybooks very interesting?否认回答 No, _ _.4. His parents are both workers.变一般疑问句 _ his parents _ workers?5. There are some nice books on the shelf.对划线局部提问 _ _ on the shelf?五、 句型转换。情态动词否认句：直接在情态动词之后加not。疑问句：将情态动词提到主语之前。1. My mother may speak a little English.变否认句 My mother _ _ speak a little English.2. We should be careful when we cross the street.变一般疑问句 _ _ be careful when we cross the street?3. Must I finish my homework at once?作肯定和否认回答 Yes, _ _. No, _ _.4. Tom can recite a Chinese poem.对划线局部提问 What _ Tom _?六、 句型转换。实义动词否认句：三人称单数主语 + doesnt +复原动词 其他主语 + dont + 动词疑问句：Does + 三人称单数主语 + 复原动词？Do + 其他主语 + 动词？1. They often play the piano loudly.变否认句 They _ often _ the piano louldy.2. Jim learns English well.变一般疑问 _ Jim _ English well?3. She likes Sichuan food very much.对划线局部提问 What _ she _ very much?4. Do the boys usually play football after school?作肯定回答 Yes, _ _.5. She usually does some cooking in the evening.变否认句 She usually _ _ any cooking in the evening.6. I want to do some shopping.变一般疑问句 _ you _ to do any shopping?7. Tom often wathes TV at night.对划线局部提问 What _ Tom often _ at night?8. They sometimes go swimming in the afternoon.对划线局部提问 What _ they sometimes _ in the evening?一般过去时【定 义】一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生过了的动作或存在过的状态。即描述已经发生过了的事情。【用 法】Abe型  这一类型由be动词was和were+名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词或介词短语等一起构成谓语，表示主语以前或过去的个性、特征或状态。如：  I wasa studentten years ago.(主语+be动词+名词)  They were hungryjust now.主语+be动词+形容词  The bikewas under the treeyesterday.(主语+be动词+介词短语)It was rainy last Sunday.They were very happy at Kangkangs birthday party.B情态动词型情态动词型句子的构成为“主语+情态动词过去式could+动词原形，情态动词过去式和动词原形一起构成谓语，表示主语过去或曾经能做的事情。如：  He could speak a little Englishlast year.(could+speak)  What could she do when he was ten. Cdid型   did型由行为动词过去式充当谓语，表示以前做过的某事，其构成为“主语+动词过去式动词。如：  I knewhim when I was young.  He believed me at that time .【结 构】主语+动词过去式+宾语 即某人+某个动词过去式+其他。肯定式疑问式否认式否认疑问式I worked.Did I work?I did not work.Didnt I work?You worked.Did you work?You did not work.Didnt you work?We worked.Did we work?We did not work.Didnt we work?They worked.Did they work?They did not work.Didnt they work?He(She,It) worked.Did he(she,it) work?He(She,It) did not work.Didnt he(she,it) work?否认形式：首先找句子中有没有be动词was或者were或情态动词could，如果有，只要在be动词或情态动词后面加上not。如果句子中没有be动词was或者were或情态动词could那么在后面参加didnt无论主语是什么人称。一般疑问句：首先找句子中有没有be动词was或者were或情态动词could，如果有，只要将be动词或情态动词提前，放到主语前面。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称要互换。如果句子中没有be动词was或者were或情态动词could那么在主语之前参加did。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称也要互换。特殊疑问句：首先分析划线局部的意思，确定用哪个疑问词what, where, who, when, which, whose, how, how many, how much, what shape, what colour, what doing, where going, what do,然后找句子中有没有be动词was或者were或情态动词could，如果有，只要将be动词或情态动词提前，放到主语前面。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称要互换。如果句子中没有be动词was或者were或情态动词could那么在主语之前参加did。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称也要互换。【规如此动词过去式构成形式】规如此动词的过去式由“动词原形+-ed构成，具体变化有：1. 直接在词尾加-ed。如: wantwanted, workworked, needneeded, cleancleaned2. 以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。如：likeliked, livelived, useused, movemoved3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，先双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stopstopped, triptripped4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先把y变成i，再加-ed。如：studystudied, carrycarried, hurryhurried, marrymarried【不规如此动词过去式】P七·下142。【口 诀】一般过去时并不难，表示过去动作、状态记心间。 动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。 否认句很简单，didnt 站在动词原形前，其它局部不要变。 一般疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，主语、动词原形、其它局部依次站。 特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。 最后一条请注意，动词过去式要牢记。【练 习】一、 用所给词的适当形式填空。Be动词一般过去时中的be动词有两种形式: was和were其中：was用于单数主语之后，构成I/she/he/It was句型。 were用于复数主语和二人称you之后，构成You/We/They were句型。1. I _(be) a little girl at that time.2. When _(be) you born?3. Maria _(be) born in Cuba.4. The weather yesterday _(be) very cold.5. They _(be) very happy at Kangkangs birthday party yesterday.6. What _(be) the date the day before yesterday?7. _(be) you at home a moment ago?8. Where _(be) your parents last Saturday?9. My mother _(be not) in Chongqing last month.10. How _(be) the weather this morning?二、 用所给词的适当形式填空。情态动词情态动词can的过去式为could，无人称变化。1. Jane _(can) speak Chinese well when she was only five.2. _(can) they dance the disco last year?3. I _(can not) sleep well last night.4. What _(can) you do just now?三、 用所给词的适当形式填空。实义动词首先根据句中提供的时间短语确定是否该用过去式。然后判断该动词是属于规如此动词还是不规如此动词。规如此动词直接加ed，不规如此动词如此需强化记忆。1. I _(like) reading books before. But now I dont. 2. She _(watch) TV late yesterday evening.3. We _(clean) up our classroom a moment ago.4. _ they _(have) any bread this morning?5. What _ you _(do) the day before yesterday?6. Tom _(go) to visit the Great Wall last year.7. Mr. Wang _(sing) an English song just now.8. _ Lin Tao have a good time at the party last Sunday?9. We _(not porform) ballet yesterday. We _(recite) a poem.10. The wind yesterday _(blow) strongly.四、 句型转换。Be动词否认句：直接在was/were后加not。疑问句：将was/were提到主语之前。1. I was born in a small town.变为一般疑问句 _ you _ in a small town?2. Sam was a little boy at that time.变为否认句 Sam _ _ little boy at that time.3. His friends were in the library just now.对划线局部提问 _ _ his friends just now?4. Were they very happy yesterday?作否认回答 No, _ _.5. Was your brother born in Chongqing?作肯定回答 Yes, _ _.五、 句型转换。情态动词肯定句：直接在could后加not.疑问句：将could提到主语之前。1. I could sing English songs when I was five.变一般疑问句 _ you _ English songs when you were five?2. The boy could ride a bike last year.变否认句 The boy _ _ a bike last year.3. They could play a game yesterday.对划线局部提问 What _ they _ yesterday?4. Could your friends cook food last Sunday?作肯定回答 Yes, _ _.六、 句型转换。实义动词否认句：didnt + 复原动词疑问句：Did + 主语 + 复原动词1. I went to Sichuan with my friends during summer holidays.变否认句I _ _ to Sichuan with my friends during summer holidays.2. She recited a poem at Kangkangs birthday party.变一般疑问句 _ she _ a poem at Kangkangs birthday party?3. They did their homework half an hour ago.变否认句 They _ _ their homework half an hour ago.4. Tom sang a song beautifully yesterday.对划线局部提问 What _ Tom _ yesteray?5. Jim took many pictures in winter holidays.变一般疑问句 _ Jim _ many pictures in winter holidays?6. Did the kid hurt himself just now?做否认回答 No, _ _.7. They knew the girl in blue well?对划线局部提问 Who _ they _ well?8. I forgot to close the door yesterday evening.对划线局部提问 What _ you _ to do yesterday evening?现在正在进展时【定 义】现在正在进展时表示说话的瞬间正在进展或发生的事情。如：They are singing and dancing happily now . 他们正在高兴地唱歌跳舞。 She is showing her friend around the city . 她正在带一位朋友游览城市。【结 构】主语+beam / is / are+动词的-ing形式。肯定式疑问式否认式I am working.Am I working?I am not work.You are working.Are you working?You are not work.We are working.Are we working?We are not work.They are working.Are they working?They are not work.He(She,It) isworking.Is he(she,it) working?He(She,It) is not work.肯定句形式：I + am 动词ing. 如：Iam reading (read) an interesting story book now.She/He/It + is 动词ing. 如：Tom is reading (read) an interesting story book now.We/You/They + are动词ing. 如：They are reading (read) an interesting story book now.否认句形式：直接在beam, is, are之后加not，其余照抄。如: Iam not reading ( not read) an interesting story book now. Tom isnt reading ( not read) an interesting story book now. They arent reading ( not read) an interesting story book now.一般疑问句：直接将beam, is, are提到主语之前，其余照抄。如：IsTom reading (read) an interesting story book now?Are they reading (read) an interesting story book now?特殊疑问句：首先分析划线局部的意思，确定用哪个疑问词what, where, who, when, which, whose, how, how many, how much, what shape, what colour, what doing, where going, what do,然后再将原句变为一般疑问句形式即将be动词提到主语之前，其余的不变。如：What time is Tom reading(read) an interesting story book?Where are they taking(take) pictures?【动词ing的构成规律】情况构成方法例词一般情况。加 -ingwash-washing；catch-catching；以不发音字母e结尾的动词先去e，再加-ingmake-making； ride-riding；以重读闭音节结尾的动词双写尾字母，再加-ingsit-sitting swim-swimming现在进展时的时间标志短语汇总：现在正在进展时常与一些固定的时间短语搭配使用： now“现在如: Jim is playing soccer now. right now= at the moment“此刻如：The monkeys are climbing up the trees at the momnet. Look! Listen! “看啊！听啊！如：Look! Mr. Lee is working on the puter.Listen! The birds are sing in the tree. Where is?问题的回答，暗指说话的时候。如：Where is your mom, Tom?Oh, she is cooking in the kitchen. 前面早就说明是现在的短文中。【练 习】一、 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. My parents _watchTV now. 2. Look. Three boys _run. 3. What _ your mother _donow? 4. _ your dog _ now?sleep 5. _ you _listento music? Yes, I am. 6. Look, Miss Chen _ football.play 7. Tom and his sister _waitfor you over there. 8. Now Class 3 and Class 4_havea test. 9. Listen, someone _singin the classroom. 10. Where is Zhang Yan? She _talkwith her teacher in the teachers office. 11.The boy _ _ ( draw)a picture now.12. Listen .Some girls _ _ ( sing)in the classroom .13. My mother _ _ ( cut )some bread now.14. What _ you _ ( do ) now?15. Look . They _ _( have) an Eng