大学英语四级冲刺辅导.ppt

1,大学英语四级公益课,2,一 新四级考试题型,写作15%30 mins,听力35%30 mins,选词填空 5%7 mins,翻译15%30 mins,仔细阅读20%18 mins,长篇阅读10%15 mins,3,听力部分,短对话：8%长对话：7%短文理解：10%复合式听写：10%,4,短对话,一 题型介绍：一男女之间进行的一问一答，第三人提出问题，这些问题涉及的内容大致归纳如下：(1)：问“是什么、要什么、讨论什么、什么种类、什么含义”(2)：问“做什么”(3)：问“从对话中能获得什么信息或结论”(4)：问“对某人某事有什么看法”(5)：问“讲话的两人是什么关系”(6)：问“对话发生的地点”（7)：问“职业”,5,二 技巧：1.从分利用direction部分时间，提前预览选项，划出关键词，注意相同之处与不同之处，预测大致内容与问题。Eg:1.A)Go to a place he has visitedB)Make her own arrangementsC)Consult a travel agentD)Join in a package tour2.A)They are on a long trip by carB)They are stuck in a traffic jamC)They are used to getting up earlyD)They are tired of eating out at night,6,2.第一人一般为背景介绍，答案往往在第二人说的话里。（2013:7/8）3.若选项中有两个截然相反，正确答案必是其中之一。（08.12）11.A)Only true friendship can last long.B)Letter writing is going out of style.C)She keeps in regular touch with her classmates.D)She has lost contact with most of her old friends.4.转折后就是答案。（13:1，3,5。）5.对于问“二者关系”，“对话发生的地点”,“身份职业”等题型，只听到关键词就可选。（03.6）6.虚拟语气选与所听相反的。（2011.12）7.表建议，否定，比较，认同与反对的句型多掌握（听读录音原文）,7,长对话与短文,1.预览很重要。2.开头与结尾很重要。3.与录音重叠往往为正确。4.转折点很重要。,8,复合式听写,复合式听写的短文篇幅在200词左右，题材、体裁和难度与听力理解部分的短文相似。短文中有10个空格，要求填入单词或词组。全文朗读三遍，第一遍以正常语速朗读全文，没有停顿，使我们对短文有大致的了解；第二遍以稍慢的语速朗读，在空格处有短暂的停顿，要求我们在此时间内把听到的内容填入空格；第三遍也是以正常的语速朗读全文，且中间没有停顿，让考生核对所填写的内容。,9,一复合式理想状态四步走：,听前第一步：利用考前空隙或播放考试指令的时间浏览文章，重点关注空白出周围的词语，尤其是空白前的部分，通过预读捕捉信息，找出线索，了解大意，猜测填空内容，判断词性。录音第一遍：听懂文章的大致意思，记录下单词的第一个字母。(奇数)录音第二遍：完整记录下10个单词.（偶数)录音第三遍：全面整合填空内容，检查大小写，名词复数，词性，动词形式，没填的可根据逻辑蒙，别空下。,10,二复合式的四个考察点：,1、语音辨析能力2、拼写能力3、速记能力4、逻辑分析和归纳能力,11,阅读部分,选词填空 5%7mins 长篇阅读 10%15mins 仔细阅读 20%18mins,12,选词填空,一 题型介绍：1.字数：选词填空却不会超过220个字。2.题材：基本上都是社会、科普之类。3.形式：类似于完形填空，要求我们从15个选项中选出10个，填入一篇短文。4.难度：比仔细阅读简单的多，选词填空的15个待选词往往为实词，即分成名词、动词、形容词、副词等类。而虚词一般不考。我们必须先确定词性，再结合短文的逻辑做出选择。,13,二 解题步骤第一步：将选项词性分类15个单词通过后缀进行词性分类，但是通常我的习惯是遇到动词进行二次分类：确定时态，确定单三还是非单三；遇到名词确定单数还是复数；,14,名词(N):ment,er,or,ist,ism tion,sion，-ness,-age,-ty,-ship,-ace,-ance,-ancy,-ence,-ency,-dom,-itude,-um,-mony 形容词(Adj)：able,al,ant,ent,tive,sive,ous,ess,ed,ing 动词后缀(V):ate,lize,ing,ed,fy副词(adv)：ly/ward/wise 在历年真题中只要出现ly一定为副词，这是频率。,15,二次分类：名词单数：A)result结果 M)respect（尊重）可能的名词复数：F)issues B)involves 动词原形：O)specialize M)respect（尊重）动词进行时：I)determining决定，确定 N)prompting 动词过去式：J)limited限制 L)complained抱怨 E)relieved 可能的动词单三：B)involves F)issues 形容词：C)significant H)magnificent J)limited有限的 副词：G)seriously严肃的 K)gravely 不能确定的：D)range,16,第二步：判断空白处的语法属性 回到原文确定空内应填入的词性、单复数形式、动词时态以及其他语法现象。具体操作如下：1.名词的确定：当空格前为冠词，介词，形容词，及物动词，或当空格后为谓语动词时，选项处需要我们填入名词。例如：a.冠词a,an,the 的后面。样题：a nightmare.b.介词in,on,from的后面。真题：As the trade winds lessen in strengthc形容词的后面。真题：This strange phenomenon happens,17,2.动词的确定：当空格前有作主语的名词，代词时，我们就可以确定需要填入动词。之后我们就要进一步判断该动词的时态，语态等。同其它词性的单词相比，动词最容易确定，因为一个句子没有动词就等于没有谓语，是很明显的缺陷。而且动词的关联性、可比性最差，选这个和选那个有天壤之别。真题：For example,women now purchase about half of all cars.,18,3.形容词的确定：当空格前为副词，系动词，或空格后为名词时，就需要填入形容词。a.名词的前面。真题：Now car companies have realized that women are potential customers.b副词的后面。真题：El Nino brought the most destructive weather in modern history.4.副词的确定：当空格前面是动词，或空格后面是形容词或动词时，或者处在句子开头时，我们需要填入副词。a动词的附近（指前面或后面）。样题：students consistently outperform their peers 真题：jobs that used to be done primarily by womenb形容词的前面。真题：but they are still not completely sure what leads to itc.句首。如：Not surprisingly,the jury found them both guilty.,19,第三步：根据上下文的含义在同一词性类的选项选出答案,20,长篇阅读,大约10个左右的段落题后是10句陈述，为10个题目（46-55题）。每句包含的信息出自于文章的某一段落，文章的段落前用A-J来标识，将二者匹配。一般一个段落对应一题，也有的段落对应两题或多题，有的段落无对应。,21,一 解题步骤,一 读大标题及小标题（如果有的话），大致了解文章大意。二 读题干，划出定位词（尤其是特形词）。不易替换、文中原样重现的词语数字、时间大写专有名词：人名、地名、机构名特定概念：合成词、专业概念、独特说法、偏具体的名词,22,3.若有特性词，可先带着这特性词快速浏览文章迅速定位。一旦定位，将该题及对应的段落先划掉。4.若无特性词，要尽量记住各题的定位词，带着它们去读文章，原则是：先读较短的段落，后读段首、段末 再读段中转折，强调处，否定，结论等最后扫读数字、专有名词丰富的区域 扫读，时刻注意定位词的出现，注意核对文题是否一致!识别同义改写,23,特点归纳不求甚解：重点是看到，而非看懂先题后文：先定句子定位词匀速扫读：无需慢速精读，也莫过快略读;保持适中速度，时刻关注对应有取有舍：优先确定来源明显的句子,24,仔细阅读,一 解题步骤“稳健六步曲1.细读题干，不读选项2.依次顺读，圈点速读3.定位信息4.比较选项5.返回原文，重叠选项6.集中优势兵力，各个歼灭,25,二 题型分析,主旨题1 主题句+主题词2 选项特点：（1）正确：全面的，概括的，相对的，含主题词的。（2）错误：具体的，片面的，绝对的，含细节信息的，含主题词的上下义词的。,26,二 熟悉感情色彩词汇,熟悉感情色彩词汇贬义词：disgusted;critical;negative;suspicious;pessimistic;depressed;disappointed;bitter;cynical;sentimental;emotional;subjective;frustrated;compromising;dissatisfied;biased;hostile;gloomy;scared indifferent;impassive;uninterested；sensitive;apathetic等,27,态度题,一 步骤1.读题干，明确态度的主体与客体。2.读选项，把消极，悲观，冷漠，过于强烈的，意思相近排除。3.读文章判断。依据：主题，否定，转折，形容词。,28,中性的：neutral;impersonal;objective;informative;impartial;detached;unconcerned;cautious;humorous;factual;persuasive;formal;informal;casual;analytical，doubtful;apprehensive;,29,褒义词：positive;supporting;praising;optimistic;approval;admiring;interesting;enthusiastic;pleasant;polite;concerned;instructive;supportive;confident;approving;impressed；reserved-consent等,30,词义题,一 先读选项二 后读文章，上下文同义与反义关系+构词法猜词。三 字面的，肤浅的往往是错的。,31,细节题,（1）根据题干中的关键词在原文中定位（2）只读题目出处内容（3）注意题目与原文的转换（4）注意排除其他选项的干扰（5）过于绝对含义的选项为答案的可能性小，如 only;everything;all;none;must;never;alone;everyone;absolute;any;no;completely等（6）而表示模糊概念的词，如some;sometimes;certain;maybe;someone;morethan;(not)soas;less;probably;possible等则很可能是答案,32,（7）因果颠倒，就事论事，偷梁换柱，断章取义，拼凑，相反的为错的。（8）一般含有重要性，变化，相互作用，本质的为对的。（9）同义改写对的,33,（1）化推理为判断+就近原则（2）原文中的原句子选项不能作为答案（3）字面，肤浅的不对，较难理解对的。,推理题,34,翻译,1.读1-2遍。2.分析句子结构。3.逐部分对译。4.重组。5.词汇润色。6.语法检查。7.书写。,35,写作部分,一、题型介绍分值：15%，。时间：30 分钟。题材：写作选用考生所熟悉的题材。形式：考生根据规定的题目和所提供的提纲、情景、图片或图表等进行写作。字数：不少于 120 词的。要求：是思想表达准确、意义连贯、无严重语法错误。,36,二、写作话题和体裁分析：1）写作话题来说基本分两大类：1.校园生活(campus life)2.热点话题(社会上关心什么，就考什么)2）体裁：1.议论文2应用文议论文写作分为 原因分析型、对比选择型、观点论证型、说明利弊型、问题解决型。,37,三 写作步骤：Step 1:审题Step 2:构思(Brainstorming)Step 3:列提纲(Outline)Step 4:开头段Step 5:写作Step 6:检查（时态、第三人称、标点、拼写）,38,原因分析型Due Attention Should Be Given to Spelling（2010.6）Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling.You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1.如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写2.出现这种情况的原因3.为了改变这种状况，我认为：,39,Nowadays,students pay little attention to the spelling of words in English-learning.Their writing abounds with lots of spelling mistakes.There are mainly two reasons accounting for this phenomenon.To begin with,exam-oriented education,in which the focus is English grammar,makes the teachers attach little attention to spelling in teaching.Whats more,some students are unaware of the importance of spelling.Some of them hold the view that the content of writing outweighs the form;others believe it is a waste of time to remember words,since there is an E-dictionary.,40,In my eyes,spelling to a piece of writing is what appearance to a person.Correct and neat spelling can not only present the writers opinion in a more clear and valid way,but also reflect the writers serious attitudes of writing.Schools should take effective measures to help teachers as well as the students to realize the importance of spelling.For students,they should try to remember words through many effective ways.,41,a.开头段（描述某一现象）(1)Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern(2)Nowadays there is a growing tendency of(3)Nowadays there is a growing debate on(4)In recent years,there is a growing concern over(5)As is known to all that/Everyone knows that(6)These days we often hear about(7)Many nations have been faced with the problem(8)is an truth we have to face now(9)Should we?Opinions vary greatly.(10)There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of,42,b.中间段（解释原因）(1)There are various reasons accounting/responsible for(2)The reason of lies in several aspects.(3)This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons.(4)Why did this happen?Perhaps the primary reason is(5)The reasons are chiefly as follows.(6)The reasons for are varied.,43,先后顺序1)to begin with,then,furthermore,finally2)to start with,next,in addition,finally3)first and foremost,besides,last but not least4)most important of all,moreover,finally5)on one hand,on the other hand6)for one thing,for another thing7)in the first place,in the second place,in the third place,lastly,44,c.结尾段（措施、建议）Regards,(1)In my opinion/As far as I am concerned/As for me/I sincerely believe that/From my point of view/Personally(speaking)/From my perspective/I think(2)Here are some suggestions for handling solving tackling(3)The best way to solve the troubles is(4)People have figured out many ways to solve this problem,such as(5)It is necessary that quick actions should be taken to prevent the situation.,45,模板一；If you are a careful observer,you cant fail to notice that.(现象)As shown in the picture,.As a matter of fact,this happening is by no means accidental.Three major factors should be responsible for it.For one thing,.For another,.last but not least,Just as a great man once said:we cant shrink from the difficulties,but we can make the difficulties shrink from us.Therefore,it is imperative for us to take drastic measures.In the fist place,.In the second place,.Only in this way can we,46,模板二：It goes without saying that the picture aims at revealing a common and serious problem in China:As described/illustrated/portrayed in the picture,The factors accounting for this happening/trend/change are quite complex.In the first place,_;In the second place,_;Perhaps the prime reason is that _.Accordingly,it is vital for us to derive positive implications from the thought-provoking drawing.Most important,faced with such a thorny situation,we should summon up our courage and adopt some drastic measures to put an end to it.For example,.,47,对比观点型作文一 写作思路：首先提出要讨论的主题，说明人们对此看法不一；然后论述相反的两种观点及其原因，或分析某一社会现象的优缺点；最后提出自己的见解和看法。,48,二 必备句型概述不同观点的句子(1)People vary a lot in their ideas on（2）When asked about/When it comes to,some hold that However,others believe that(4)People may have different opinions on(5)Attitudes toward vary from person to person.(6)There are different opinions among people as to(7)Different people hold different attitudes toward,49,亮出自己的观点+总结：Personally/As for me/As far as I am concerned/In my opinion,I am in favor of Taking above-mentioned factors into consideration,I may reasonably conclude that,50,三 提炼模版X is becoming more and more popular recently.As to whether it is a blessing or a curse however people take different attitudes Some people say X is their favorite.They hold their view for the following reasons.First of all,X.What is more,X。Moreover,_X.While others think that _X is a better choice in the following three reasons.Firstly,_X.Secondly,_X_.Thirdly,_X_.From my point of view,I think _X_.The reason is that _X_.As a matter of fact,there are some other reasons to explain my choice.For me,the former is surely a wise choice.,51,Spring Festival Gala on CCTVDirections:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Spring Festival Gala on CCTV.You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1.许多人喜欢在除夕观看春节联欢晚会2.有些人却提出取消春节联欢晚会3.在我看来,52,Different people offer quite different ideas about the Spring Festival Gala on CCTV.Many people assert the continuance of it.They maintain such an idea because the Spring Festival Gala has been considered indispensible as a form of celebration of Chinese Lunar New Year.People are accustomed to enjoying the grand sight and sound it presents as a brilliant feast.,53,However,others believe that it is necessary to cancel it.They argue that it is quite consumptive to spend such an amount of time and money on it.Besides,the programs at Spring Festival Gala have remained nearly the same form since they were born.,54,As far as I am concerned,I agree to the maintenance of it.First,it serves as an entertainment that people of all ages can enjoy.Second,it is also an occasion for the families to gather,chat and laugh.Last but not least,it is supposed to be improved to draw attention with more diverse forms.In a word,the Spring Festival Gala is a tradition and treasure of the Chinese people,and we still need it,may a better one.,55,说明利弊型作文（与”对比选择型”类似）一 写作思路：针对某种有争议性的现象或某个热点话题分析其利 弊，并阐述自己的看法或者建议。,56,二：必背词汇表示“弱点、缺陷”的词汇：disadvantageShortcomingDefectDrawbackWeaknessDownsideDemerit表示“优点，长处”的词汇MeritAdvantage,57,三 说明利弊的相关表达(1)In general,there are both advantages and disadvantages(2)The Side effects cannot be ignored/neglected(3)It has brought great benefits/harm to(4)The disadvantages/advantages cannot be ignored.(5)We cant imagine what will happen without.(6)But merits and demerits usually exist together.(7)But advantages usually go hand in hand with disadvantages.(8)To conclude,whether favorable or unfavorable,the trend thatis/are becoming more and more popular is irreversible in at least a few decades ahead.(9)Therefore,steps should be taken to reduce the week points to a minimum.(10)we shouldnt turn a blind eye to the drawbacks of.,58,(11)There are many advantages for For instance(12)As everything has two sides,the disadvantages cant beignored.(13)Its benefits can be well illustrated in the following aspects.(14)There are many arguments about the advantages anddisadvantages of(15)There is a heated debate over whether are good for or not(16)It is commonly accepted that is helpful(17)In contrast,others claim that bring many problems.(18)I hold the belief thatdoes more good than harm.(19)I believe that the advantages/positive aspects outweigh thedisadvantages/negative aspects.(20)However,might lead to some social problems as well.(21)But every coin has two sides.The negative aspects are alsoapparent.One of the important disadvantages is that（的第一个缺点)To make matters worse,(的第二个缺点),59,三 提炼模版(1)is gaining increasing popularity recently and it promises to be further imbedded into our life.Some people believe that has many advantages However,other people argue that we cannot turn a blind eye to its disadvantages.For one thing,For another,From my perspective,the benefits of do outweigh its defects.What we should do is,60,(2)Nowadays,thanks to the rapid growth of.,.is/are playing an important part in our daily life.We cant imagine what will happen without.But merits and demerits usually exist together.Generally,the strong points can be listed as follows.To begin with,.Whats more,Above all,.But advantages usually go hand in hand with disadvantages.For example,Even worse,.To conclude,whether favorable or unfavorable,the trend thatis/are becoming more and more popular is irreversible in at least a few decades ahead.Therefore,steps should be taken to reduce the week points to a minimum.,61,（3）Nowadays,there is a widespread concern over(the issue that)_作文题目_.In fact,there are both advantages and disadvantages in _题目议题_.Generally speaking,it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows.Firstly,_优点一_.And secondly _优点二_.Just As a popular saying goes,every coin has two sides,_讨论议题_ isno exception,and in another word,it still has negative aspects.To begin with,_缺点一_.In addition,_缺点二_.To sum up,we should try to bring the advantages of _讨论议题_ into fullplay,and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time.In that case,wewill definitely make a better use of the _讨论议题_.,62,(4）Nowadays many people prefer _A_ because it has a significant rolein our daily life.Generally,its advantages can be seen as follows.First-(的优点之一).Besides-（的优点之二）.But every coin has two sides.The negative