定语从句之先行词含答案解析.doc

定语从句之先行词综合练习题号IIIIII总分得分一、句子翻译本大题共4小题，共8.0分1. 分析再翻译：看下面的句子，分别找出各句的先行词和关系代词，并指出引导词在句子中作什么成分，然后将句子译成汉语 (1)This is the stranger who helped us yesterday.先行词：_；关系代词：_；关系代词在从句中作_。译文：_    (2)The boy whom the teacher often praises is their monitor.先行词：_；关系代词：_；关系代词在从句中作_。译文：_    (3)Fruit trees which once grew only in China can be found in many parts of the world.先行词：_；关系代词：_；关系代词在从句中作_。译文：_    (4)The gold medal which she won has been given to her old school.先行词：_；关系代词：_；关系代词在从句中作_。译文：_    (5)The woman that I read about in the newspaper has just won a gold medal.先行词：_；关系代词：_；关系代词在从句中作_。译文：_    (6)The report that was handed in by Mr Turner was about the motor race.先行词：_；关系代词：_；关系代词在从句中作_。译文：_    (7)I know the person whose pany produces puters.先行词：_；关系代词：_；关系代词在从句中作_。译文：_    (8)I once lived in the house whose windows were much larger than usual.先行词：_；关系代词：_；关系代词在从句中作_。译文：_2. 约翰要给捡到他钱包的出租司机一百元作为酬劳。(reward; wallet; who_3. 按给出的中文意思，用括号所给的英语或句式提醒，翻译句子。我高度评价那些为梦想而努力的同学。(those;定语从句) _4. 根据括号的提示或要求，将以下句子翻译成英语。假设你的朋友找了一个你不喜欢的男朋友或女朋友，你会对你朋友说出你真实的感受吗？ (Suppose) _二、语法填空本大题共3小题，共45.0分5. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的容1个单词或括号单词的正确形式不多于3个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上Diet and way of life are often a problem for teenagers. However, if you eat the right food and e*ercise(1)  (regular), you can feel better, look better and have more energy. So healthy eating along  (2)   regular e*ercise is probably the only way to bee fit.As a teenager, it is important to give your body the energy (3)   needs. For a healthy diet, you should eat mostly rice, bread, vegetables and fruit. You also need to drink a lot of water. (4)   (drink) enough water will improve your skin and give you healthy hair.E*ercise is something (5)   can help to make you look good, feel good and be healthy. Teenagers should spend at least 30 minutes e*ercising, five times a week. Walking and riding your bike count, and (6)  do school sports. When you e*ercise, your body produces (7)  (chemical) that make you feel peaceful and  (8)   (rela*) and increase your ability to concentrate when you study. A good amount of sleep every night  (9)  (be) also important for your health. Teenagers need eight to ten hours of sleep each night.If you follow the suggestions above, you will look and feel much   (10)  (good) in no time at all!123456789106. I'm not sure(1)  is more frightened， me or the female gorilla大猩猩that suddenly appears out of nowhere I' m walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic Une*pectedly， I'm facetoface with the gorilla， who begins screaming at(2)  top of her lungs That makes her baby scream， and then a 400pound male appearsHe screams the (3)  loud of all The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me I quickly lower myself， ducking my head to avoid (4)  lookdirectly into his eyes so he doesnt feel (5)  challenge My name is Mireya Mayor I'm a (6)  sciencewho studies animals such as apes and monkeys I was searching(7)  these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing No one had seen them for hours， and my colleagues and I were worried When the gorillas and I frightened each other， I was just glad to find (8)  theyaliveTrue to gorillas unaggressive nature， the huge animal(9)  meanno real harmHe was just saying： " I'm king of this forest， and here is your reminder! "Once his message was delivered， he allowed me (10)  stayand watch_7. 阅读下面的短文，按照句子构造的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Nearly 800 new pupils ofLianhua Elementary School in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, is reported   (1)    (receive) a unique gift: an admission letter (2)     their names are written by teachers using Chinese writing brush. (3)    (similar), Nanjing Normal University has been sending their freshmen calligraphy书法 admission for eleven years. Several former professors in (4)  70s take about a week writing more than 4,500 admission letters every year.It is believed in China that “handwriting is the man, (5)   (mean) good handwriting can not only cultivate ones temperament (气质), but can also reflect ones literacy and character. At present, (6)   (tradition) calligraphy has again bee a pulsory lesson in many Chinese primary and middle schools, which aims (7)  (improve) students cultural petence能力. At the same time, parents are attaching great importance (8)    childrens calligraphy practice. It is fair to say that calligraphy is not left out in todays fast-paced society; (9)  , its inparable value is standing out.The charm of Chinese culture embodied in calligraphy can always strike a chord with引起共鸣 writers and (10)   (view). Do you have any interest in learning it"三、单项选择题本大题共26小题，共26.0分8. With his attention _on the puter games, he failed in the e*am, _made his parents disappointed.A. concentrating, whichB. concentrating, thatC. concentrated, whichD. concentrated, as9. _ is known to us, the dragon stands for China _the bear symbolizes Russia.A. It; butB. As; whileC. What; whileD. It; when10. She said that the building would be finished by October, _ I doubt very much.A. whoB. whenC. thatD. which11. I disagree with the facts _ your argument is basedA. thatB. whichC. whoseD. on which12. The story happened on a day _the weather was wet and cold.A. whenB. whichC. thatD. who13. You should have known waiting for you in the rain _ more than one student, along with the only one of the teachers who _ to take part in the concert.A. are, isB. was, wasC. were, wasD. was, were14. Is this chicken farm _we visited three years ago"A. in whichB. whereC. the oneD. /15. _ is known to us all that the old scientist, for _ life was hard in the past, still works hard in his eighties.A. As; whoseB. It; whoseC. As; whomD. It; whom16. The Chinese general said in an interview that the PLA would do all _ they can to protect every inch of our territory (领土).A. whichB. thatC. whoD. as17. Generally, people with plans can catch chances more easily than _ who dont get prepared in advance.A. onesB. theseC. someD. those18. A football fan球迷is _ has a strong interest in football.A. a thing thatB. something thatC. a person whoD. what19. The farm _ we see today is no longer the one _ it was ten years ago.A. which; whichB. where; thatC. where; whatD. that; that20. Self-driving is an area _ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when21. There is a tall tree outside, _ stands our teacher.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. in which22. What can guarantee the stability of the Chinese economy are the two factors: the increase of investment abroad and the response of the consumer market, _ have worked well so far.A. either of whichB. all of whomC. both of whichD. each of whom23. Never before _ such a thrilling game _ you can e*perience life-and-death events one after another.A. have I played; thatB. had I played; thatC. had I played; whereD. have I played; where24. She doesnt like _ he says to his parents.A. the wayB. in the way thatC. in the wayD. the way which25. It is reported that a number of buildings, _ are being built in my hometown, will be finished ne*t year.A. that of someB. which someC. some of themD. some of which26. He advised farmers to choose the best seed-heads, _ that had the best colour.A. thatB. onesC. thoseD. one27. President *is visit to the UK creates a win-win situation, _ both China and the UK will benefit a lot in economic and social development.A. one whereB. oneC. whichD. the one in which28. Mr. White is a kind and selfless professor, _ cares more for others than for himself.A. the oneB. the one whoC. one whoD. one29. The Literature Salon creates a platform _many literature lovers think can provide a chance for them to share their thoughts.A. whereB. whichC. whatD. who30. A number of audience were present in the registration center in the morning, the number of _ was 300; _, the host had forgotten to arrange temporary acmodations.A. who; thereforeB. whom; neverthelessC. what; besidesD. which; rather31. We will call on the man_ we think can speak very good English.A. whoB. whomC. whatD. which32. Newly released data point to an increase in technology use among children _some worry is changing the very nature of childhood.A. whyB. whichC. whoD. where33. The law must be strictly observed and _ breaks it shall be punished.A. thoseB. anyone whoC. anyoneD. those who答案和解析1.【答案】(1)the stranger；who；主语；这是昨天帮助我们的陌生人。(2)the boy；whom；praise的宾语；教师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。(3)fruit trees；which；主语；曾经只在中国种植的果树在世界许多地方都可以见到。(4)the gold medal；which；won的宾语；她曾经获得的金牌已经被送给她的母校了。(5)the woman；that；about的宾语；我在报纸上读到的那个女人刚刚夺得一枚金牌。(6)the report；that；主语；由特纳先生递交的报告是关于摩托车比赛的。(7)the person；whose；pany的定语；我认识那个人，他的公司生产计算机。(8)the house；whose；window的定语；我曾经住在那个窗子比一般窗户大很多的房子里。【解析】(1)分子句子构造，可知先行词是the stranger，关系代词是who，在从句中作主语。故填：the stranger；who；主语；这是昨天帮助我们的陌生人。(2)分子句子构造，可知先行词是the boy，关系代词是whom，在从句中作宾语。故填：the boy；whom；praise的宾语；教师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。(3)分子句子构造，可知先行词是fruit trees，关系代词是which，在从句中作主语。故填：fruit trees；which；主语；曾经只在中国种植的果树在世界许多地方都可以见到。(4)分子句子构造，可知先行词是the gold medal，关系代词是which，在从句中作宾语。故填：the gold medal；which；won的宾语；她曾经获得的金牌已经被送给她的母校了。(5)分子句子构造，可知先行词是the woman，关系代词是that，在从句中作宾语。故填：the woman；that；about的宾语；我在报纸上读到的那个女人刚刚夺得一枚金牌。(6)分子句子构造，可知先行词是the report，关系代词是that，在从句中作主语。故填：the report；that；主语；由特纳先生递交的报告是关于摩托车比赛的。(7)分子句子构造，可知先行词是the person，关系代词是whose，在从句中作定语。故填：the person；whose；pany的定语；我认识那个人，他的公司生产计算机。(8)分子句子构造，可知先行词是the house，关系代词是whose，在从句中作定语。故填：the house；whose；window的定语；我曾经住在那个窗子比一般窗户大很多的房子里。2.【答案】John wanted to give 100 yuan as a reward to the ta*i driver who had found his wallet.【解析】want to do sth.想要做*事，动词短语；give sb. sth.给*人*物，动词短语，在这里用不定式作want的宾语；as a reward作为回报，介词短语；who had found his wallet.捡到他钱包的，限制性定语从句，who在定语从句中充当主语，表示人，出租司机the ta*i driver 是被修饰的局部，也就是先行词，故译为ohn wanted to give 100 yuan as a reward to the ta*i driver who had found his wallet。3.【答案】I think highly of those who work hard to achieve their dreams (for their dreams).【解析】分析句意，此句应用一般现在时。我I，主格，高度评价.think highly of.，those那些，指示代词，后面接限制性定语从句，先行词those，所以应用关系代词who，努力work hard，固定短语，实现他们的梦想achieve their dreams achieve for their dreams，固定短语。故答案是I think highly of those who work hard to achieve their dreams (for their dreams)。4.【答案】Supposed your best friend has a new boy/girlfriend who you don't like. Would you tell your friend how you feel"【解析】根据汉语意思可知，假设suppose；后面加一个宾语从句，your best friend has a new boy/girlfriend；接了一个定语从句who 有don't like；你真实的感受how 有feel，故译为Supposed your best friend has a new boy/girlfriend who you don't like. Would you tell your friend how you feel"5.【答案】1.regularly 2.with 3.it4.Drinking 5.that 6.so 7.chemicals 8.rela*ed 9.is 10.better【解析】1.考察单词成分。句意：如果你能吃正确的食物并且有规律地运动。此处修饰动词，应用副词形式。故填regularly。2.考察固定搭配。句意：所以安康的饮食和规律的锻炼可能是身体安康的唯一途径。along with：与.，同.一道“为固定搭配。故填with。3.考察指示代词。句意：给身体提供所需的能量是很重要的。此处为一个定语从句，引导词that在从句中作宾语可以省略，句子缺乏主语，用it代指前面提到的your body。故填it。4.考察非谓语动词。句意：饮用足量的水可以提高你的肤质并且给你安康的头发。此处用动名词短语做主语。故填Drinking。5.考察定语从句引导词的选择。句意：运动可以帮助你看起来很好，感觉良好，身体安康。在定语从句中，假设先行词为不定代词，应使用引导词that。故填that。6.考察固定搭配。句意：步行和骑自行车计数，学校体育也是如此。so+助动词/情态动词/be动词+名词/代词，表示.也一样。此处表示校园运动也和散步和骑自行车一样有助于身体安康。故填so。7.考察名词形式。句意：你的身体生产出化学物质。根据句意，可知应该用复数形式。故填chemicals。8.考察动词形式。句意：放松，提高你学习的能力。此处描述人的主观感受，应使用-ed形式。故填rela*ed。9.考察主谓一致。句意：每天晚上大量的睡眠对你的安康也很重要。主语是sleep，为不可数名词，谓语动词应用第三人称单数，文章时态为一般现在时，故填is。10.考察形容词比拟级。句意：如果你遵循上面的建议，你将在任何时候看起来和感觉很好。much修饰比拟级。故填better。6.【答案】【小题1】which【小题2】the【小题3】loudest【小题4】looking【小题5】challenged【小题6】scientist【小题7】for【小题8】them【小题9】meant【小题10】to stay【解析】此处表示我不确定哪一个更加害怕。考察宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示"哪一个"。故填which。at the top of固定短语，在.的顶端。故填the。考察最高级，后面有表示围的词of all，所以用最高级。故填loudest。avoid doing sth.固定短语，防止做*事。故填looking。feel后面加形容词，作表语，表示"被挑战的"，所以用过去分词。故填challenged。考察名词，后跟定语从句，关系词用who，所以先行词为人。故填scientist。search for固定短语，寻找。故填for。find后面用人称代词宾格，作宾语，故填them。根据前后句可知，描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态。故填meant。allow sb. to do sth.固定句型，允许*人做*事。故填to stay。7.【答案】1.to have received2.where3.Similarly4.their5.meaning6.traditional7.to improve8.to9.instead10.viewers【解析】略8.【答案】C【解析】句意：所有的注意力都放在了电脑游戏上，他考试没能及格；这让他的父母非常失望。with+宾语+宾语补足语, 由句子成分分析可知，这里的concentrate和his attention之间是被动关系，故用过去分词concentrated; 他因玩游戏而考试不及格这件事让父母非常失望，可知，前面整个主句做了后面句子的主语，在非限制性定语从句中，整个主句做主语放前面，用which; 应选C。9.【答案】B【解析】句意：众所周知，龙代表中国，而熊象征俄罗斯。考察as引导的非限制性定语从句，指代后面整句话容，while表比照，应选B。10.【答案】D【解析】句意：她说，这栋建筑将在10月前完工，我对此表示疑心。which引导非限制性定语从句，代指前面句子的容，从句中缺少宾语，只能用关系代词，而that不能引导非限制性定语从句，who只能指人，when是关系副词，应选D。11.【答案】D【解析】句意：我不同意你的论点所基于的论据。本句是介词+which构成的定语从句，be based on以为根底，固定搭配。应选D。12.【答案】A【解析】考察定语从句，句意：故事发生在天气潮湿寒冷的一天。定语从句，先行词为a day，在从句中做时间状语，应用关系副词when。应选A。13.【答案】B【解析】本句意为“你本应该知道不止一个学生和教师在雨中等着你。首先，这个句子是个虚拟语气。“你本应该知道其实你不知道，是对过去的虚拟。其次，从句局部是倒装构造，如果不倒装就是：More than one student, together with all the teachers, was waiting for you in the rain.主语为more than one student；第二空one前面有the only等词修饰，则one of the teachers的语义重心转移到了one上面，one就成了先行词，相应地，who的谓语动词应用单数。应选B。14.【答案】C【解析】句意为：这是我们三年前参观过的鸡场吗？这是一个定语从句，且从句中缺少visited的宾语，用the one代替，然后省略了that或者which；A和B都是做状语。应选C。15.【答案】D【解析】从句子构造看第一个从句应该是主语从句，分析成分，知从句中缺主语，而既能作主语又能引导主语从句的是what, 所以答案为D项。第二个从句为whom引导的定语从句，复原后应为life was hard in the past for the old scientist, 不能用whose。应选D。16.【答案】B【解析】句意：这位中国将军在一次采访中说，解放军将竭尽所能保护我们领土的每一寸。从句子构造可知，限制性定语从句的先行词是不定代词all，在从句中作宾语，要用关系代词that，不用which，应选B。17.【答案】D【解析】句意：一般来说