SAP新总账培训教程.ppt

,Agenda,Overview Project Overview/ScopeKey Client RequirementsNew General Ledger Set-up/Lessons LearnedCustom FieldsSegment vs.Business AreaLedger Definition/ScenariosProfit Centers in New G/LSplittingAllocations/Statistical Key FiguresFI/CO Real-time IntegrationTechnical StructuresConclusions,Agenda,Overview Project Overview/ScopeKey Client RequirementsNew General Ledger Set-up/Lessons LearnedCustom FieldsSegment vs.Business AreaLedger Definition/ScenariosProfit Centers in New G/LSplittingAllocations/Statistical Key FiguresFI/CO Real-time IntegrationTechnical StructuresConclusions,Overview Project Overview/Scope,Client is a Fortune 500 Company and performs limited manufacturingVersion being implemented is ECC 6.0 and BI 7.0Initial implementation of SAP involves FI/CO for North AmericaEntities in other countries are implemented but only to load trial balance dataLegacy systems interface sales and purchasing data/Phase II will implement SD,MM,and other functionalityECC Scope includes New G/L,A/P,A/R,AM,CO-CCA,and CO-OPACO-PA initially considered but later removed from scopeCurrently in Testing phase(thorough unit testing completed),Overview Key Requirements,Fully balanced balance sheet and P/L by legal entityFully balanced balance sheet and P/L by operating unit(major division of the business)Partial balance sheet(Working Capital)and full P/L by branch Operating expenses by departmentPartial balance sheet(Working Capital)and P/L to gross margin by Commodity Code and Manufacturer(the key requirement for New G/L with custom fields)Fully balanced balance sheet and P/L for logistical legal entity(done for tax purposes)FI/CO to always reconcile,Agenda,Overview Project Overview/ScopeKey Client RequirementsNew General Ledger Set-up/Lessons LearnedCustom FieldsSegment vs.Business AreaLedger Definition/ScenariosProfit Centers in New G/LSplittingAllocations/Statistical Key FiguresFI/CO Real-time IntegrationTechnical StructuresConclusions,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Custom Fields,Key Business Requirement:Partial balance sheet(Working Capital)and P/L to gross margin needed by Commodity Code and Manufacturer:Balance sheet data need key driver to use custom fieldsTwo custom fields defined and added to G/L code blockTwo custom check-tables defined to store valid values for each fieldCheck tables added to COBL structure to provide standard list display of valid valuesAdditional validations defined to check valid Commodity Code/Manufacturer value combinations and validCommodity Codes/Profit Center combinations,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Custom Fields,Custom Fields:SAP ECC allows the addition of custom fields to the code block of the General Ledger Once added,these fields behave like other account assignment fieldsFields can be without or with validation,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Custom Fields,Configuration Step:Include Custom Fields to Code Block Step will regenerate all structures/programs to include custom fields,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Custom Fields,Configuration Step:Define Master Data Check For the custom fields,the master data check tables(custom check tables created)must be defined(custom check tables still added to COBL),New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Custom Fields,Other Key Configuration StepsCustom fields must be added to all Enjoy transactionsCustom fields must be added to code block subscreen if older G/L transactions are to be usedPosting key/account field status-custom fields,upon generation become part of field status configuration,but initial setting is“hidden”,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Custom Fields,Lessons Learned:Add check tables to COBL for drop-down functionalityBAPI extensions on G/L postingsCustom fields working well,Agenda,Overview Project Overview/ScopeKey Client RequirementsNew General Ledger Set-up/Lessons LearnedCustom FieldsSegment vs.Business AreaLedger Definition/ScenariosProfit Centers in New G/LSplittingAllocations/Statistical Key FiguresFI/CO Real-time IntegrationTechnical StructuresConclusions,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Segment vs.Business Area,Key Business Requirements:Fully balanced balance sheet and P/L by operating unit(major division of the business)Partial balance sheet(Working Capital)and full P/L by branchThe Segment is included with New G/LSegment is derived by Profit Center(Profit Centers defined for Branch reporting)Balanced financial statements can be generated by Segment using Splitting functionality All posting line items must identify a profit center in order to ensure full set of financial statements by Segment,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Segment vs.Business Area,Business Area vs.SegmentBoth provide balanced financial statements(balance sheet and P/L)by reporting entity other than Company CodeSegment offers SAP-delivered derivation from Profit Center master record(validated“business”definition)Business Area not used due to derivation;Segment viewed as“cleaner”solution,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Segment vs.Business Area,Configuration Step:Assign Segment Scenario to LedgerActivating the Segment scenario allows for population of Segment in New G/L,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Segment vs.Business Area,Configuration Step:Define SegmentsDefine the list of Segments to be used,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Segment vs.Business Area,Master Data Step:Specify Segments on Profit Center master recordsProfit Center specified on posting line will derive Segment from master record,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Segment vs.Business Area,Configuration Step:Define Splitting Characteristics(Segment set to zero-balance)Splitting functionality drives balanced Segment reporting,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Segment vs.Business Area,Lesson LearnedPartner Segment derivation functioning mostly correctly except for inter-company transactionsResolutionCustom program or user exit for Partner Segment derivation under investigation as potential solutionLesson LearnedSegment not available on all standard SAP reportsResolutionCurrently contacting SAP about this issue,Agenda,Overview Project Overview/ScopeKey Client RequirementsNew General Ledger Set-up/Lessons LearnedCustom FieldsSegment vs.Business AreaLedger Definition/ScenariosProfit Centers in New G/LSplittingAllocations/Statistical Key FiguresFI/CO Real-time IntegrationTechnical StructuresConclusions,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Ledger Definition/Scenarios,Key Business Requirement:FI/CO to always be in balanceClient very sensitive to any potential out-of-balance points with reporting in FI/CO and Profit Centers Profit Center absorption in New G/L(and scope)resulting in client leaning towards New G/L for most reportingCost Center Accounting sub-module“dangling”most cost center reporting performed within New G/LMost scenarios activated for Ledger,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Ledger Definition/Scenarios,Ledger Definition:Leading Ledger delivered by SAP and used in New G/LOther Ledgers can be defined if neededScenarios activated in ledger to capture updates in New G/L,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Ledger Definition/Scenarios,Configuration Step:Assign Scenarios to LedgerAll scenarios applicable assigned so as to update New G/L with all relevant postings,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Ledger Definition/Scenarios,Lesson Learned:Given scope and heavy use of BI,users trending towards New G/L for reporting,Agenda,Overview Project Overview/ScopeKey Client RequirementsNew General Ledger Set-up/Lessons LearnedCustom FieldsSegment vs.Business AreaLedger Definition/ScenariosProfit Centers in New G/LSplittingAllocations/Statistical Key FiguresFI/CO Real-time IntegrationTechnical StructuresConclusions,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Profit Centers in New G/L,Key Business Requirements:Fully balanced balance sheet and P/L by operating unit(major division of the business)Partial balance sheet(Working Capital)and full P/L by branch Profit Centers defined for Branch reportingSegment is derived by Profit CenterAll posting line items must identify a profit center in order to ensure full set of financial statements by SegmentProfit centers used in New G/L;Profit Center Accounting is no longer updated,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Profit Centers in New G/L,Profit Centers in New G/LWith New G/L,Profit Center Accounting not used Profit Centers are a field within the ledgerGLPCA,GLPCT,etc.tables no longer updatedCEPC table still store master data information and original transactions still used to create,change,etc.,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Profit Centers in New G/L,Configuration Step:Controlling Area Settings Do Not Activate Profit Center Accounting,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Profit Centers in New G/L,Configuration Step:Assign Profit Center Scenario to LedgerActivating the Profit Center scenario allows for population of Profit Centers using New G/L,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Profit Centers in New G/L,Master Data Step:Define Profit CentersProfit Centers maintained using transactions used in Profit Center Accounting,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Profit Centers in New G/L,Lesson LearnedLack of availability of sub-ledger detail New G/L(i.e.vendors,customers,assets,etc.)ResolutionTwo standard SAP reports provided for receivables and payables for Segment/Profit CenterSolution being addressed within BI,Agenda,Overview Project Overview/ScopeKey Client RequirementsNew General Ledger Set-up/Lessons LearnedCustom FieldsSegment vs.Business AreaLedger Definition/ScenariosProfit Centers in New G/LSplittingAllocations/Statistical Key FiguresFI/CO Real-time IntegrationTechnical StructuresConclusions,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Splitting,Key Business Requirements:Fully balanced balance sheet and P/L by operating unit Partial balance sheet(Working Capital)and full P/L by branch Partial balance sheet(Working Capital)and P/L to gross margin by Commodity Code and ManufacturerSplitting used as part of New General Ledger,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Splitting,Splitting:Splitting is the most important aspect of configuration of New G/L relating to how fields are populated Zero-balancing needs and required fields defined in SplittingTwo key aspects for any transaction:what line items are“spoon-fed”and what line items are splitTwo key views to any transaction:Entry View and Splitting View,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Splitting,Configuration Step:Identify Splitting CharacteristicsFields to be split must be identified in this stepAny zero-balancing fields must be identified(Segment)Any fields which should always be populated after splitting occurs must be identified(Profit Center),New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Splitting,Configuration Step:Classify Document Types for SplittingAll Document Types being used must be assigned Each Document Type is mapped to a Business Transaction and a VariantThe Transaction Type and Variant tell splitting what G/L accounts should split and what G/L accounts are“spoon-fed”values,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Splitting,Configuration Step:Classify Document Types for SplittingAll G/L accounts being posted are mapped to an Item Category,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Splitting,Configuration Step:Define Document Splitting Method RulesIn Splitting Method configuration,each Business Transaction(combined with the variant)is told what item categories are being split,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Splitting,Configuration Step:Define Document Splitting Method RulesAnd for each item category being split,the basis(base Item Categories on which splitting is to occur)is defined,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Splitting,Other Key Configuration Items:Define Zero-Balance Clearing a zero-balance clearing account is defined for all characteristics requiring balanced entries(Segment)Define Default Values For characteristics being split,default values are defined for transactions where it is not possible to determine correct splitting,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Splitting,Lesson LearnedStandard splitting method(method 12)defined by SAP and recommended for use did not perform as expected ResolutionCustom method created based on SAP-delivered method 2(minor changes required)Other Lessons LearnedPervasiveness of Splitting Variations in document processing can require different Document TypesField status must be set to“optional”on accounts for which characteristics are being split,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Splitting,Example Journal Entry Vendor Invoice“Entry View”Two views of New G/L accounting documents with splitting:Entry View and General Ledger ViewEntry View shows the document as it was entered in the system,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Splitting,Example Journal Entry Vendor Invoice“General Ledger View”General Ledger View shows the document after splitting was performed,Agenda,Overview Project Overview/ScopeKey Client RequirementsNew General Ledger Set-up/Lessons LearnedCustom FieldsSegment vs.Business AreaLedger Definition/ScenariosProfit Centers in New G/LSplittingAllocations/Statistical Key FiguresFI/CO Real-time IntegrationTechnical StructuresConclusions,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Allocations/Statistical Key Figures,Key Business Requirements:Partial balance sheet(Working Capital)and full P/L by branch Partial balance sheet(Working Capital)and P/L to gross margin by Commodity Code and Manufacturer(the key requirement for New G/L with custom fields)Ability to allocate data(both Balance Sheet and P/L data)between Profit Centers and custom fields neededStatistical information(i.e.headcount,square footage,etc.)needed to be recorded by Profit Centers and custom fields,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Allocations/Statistical Key Figures,Allocations/Statistical Key FiguresDistribution/Assessment functionality provided within New G/LAllocations may or may not use Statistical Key Figures as a basis for allocationAllocations(assessments and distributions)and posting Statistical Key Figures function similarly in New G/L as they do in CO-CCA,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Allocations/Statistical Key Figures,Configuration Step:Assign Custom Fields to New G/L Statistical Key Figure Totals TableA separate totals table is used for storing Statistical Key Figures in New G/L the custom fields must be added to it,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Allocations/Statistical Key Figures,Configuration Step:Define Field Usage for AllocationsCustom Fields must be defined for use within New G/L allocations,New General Ledger Set-up/Lessons Learned Allocations/Statistical Key Figures,Lesson LearnedNew G/L allocations between cost centers and New G/L Statistical Key Figure postings to cost centers will not update COResolutionAll transactions invo