王守仁英国文学选读课后答案整理后.docx

王守仁英国文学选读课后答案整理后GeOffreYChailCerTheCamerbUeTaIeS1. Howisthesettingofthetalesdescribed?Withsuchasetting,couldyoupredictthegeneraltoneofthetales?Earlyspring.Generaltone:happy,easy,lively,humorous.2. CharacteroftheKnight?Theknightdisplaysmanytraitswhichmakehimseemalmosttoogoodtobetrue,andatruegentlemanthatrarelyexistsinreality.Theknightholdsfourmainadmirabletraits,makinghimthemostlikedtravelerinnTheCanterburyTales,0andalsoamplyingthedoubtofhisrealism.Fromthecharactersimpressiveintroduction,itisclearthatthismanisthemostvaluedandhonorabletraveleramongthegroup.Thisperfectgentlemanholdsaloveofidealsthatareoftennotdisplayedbypeople.Firstandforemost,hebelievesintheidealsofchivalry,andalwaysstaystruetoitsprinciples.Healsofeelsthatoneshouldbehonest,truthfulandfaithful,whichmanypeoplearenotalloftheseideals.Theknightthinksoneshouldonlydowhatisright,andwhatwillgainhimhonorandreputation.Thischaracteralsobelievesinfreedomandgenerositytowardsall,anddisplaysthisidealrepeatedlythroughoutthenovel.Andlastly,theknightalsostronglyfeelsthatanyproperpersonshoulddisplaycourtesyandeleganceatalltimes.Anotheraspectofthischaracter'slifewhichmakeshimseemtooprestigioustobetruthfulishisimpressivemilitarycareer.Hefoughtintheholywar,Theknightobviouslyheldaveryrespectablereputation,andwastreatedwithmuchhonorandrespect.Hewasaperfectgentleman,showingkindnessandunderstandingtoeveryonehecameincontactwith.Theknightwasextremelywell-mannered,alwaysbeingonhisbestbehavior.Hisappearancewasthe"finishingtouch/*addinghonorandintegritytohiscourageousandgentlespirit.Thismaincharacterwasclothedstillinhisarmor,wearingatunicofharshclothandhiscoatofmailisrust-stained,clearlyshowingremainingsignsofpastbattles.ShakeSPeareHamIetP81. Whyissleepsofrightening,accordingtoHamlet,sinceitcan“end”theheartacheandthethousandnaturalshocks”？Nobodycanpredictwhathewilldreamofafterhefallsasleep.Deathmeanstheendoflife,youmaygotoorunknownworldandyoucan,tcomeback,.Ifhedies,HamIefscan,trealizehiswill.Though"sleep”canendtheheartacheandthethousandnaturalshocks,itisastateofmind.Hamletdidn,tknowatall.Heisfrightenedbythepossiblesufferinginthelong“dream”.Hecan,tpredictwhatwillhappeninthesleep,maybegoodmaybeevil.2. Whywouldpeopleratherbearallthesufferingsoftheworldinsteadofchoosingdeathtogetridofthem,accordingtoHamlet?Deathissomysteriousthatnobodyknowswhatdeathwillbringtous.Maybebittersufferings,greatpains,heartbreakingSEorMS.Becausepeopleholdthesameideantogruntandsweatunderawearylife,butthatthedreadofsomethingafterdeath-theundiscover,dcountry,formwhosebournnotravelerreturns-puzzlethewill,andmakeusratherbearthoseillswehavethanflytoothersthatweknownotof?”Peoplealsoarefrightenedbythemythsinanotherworldafterdeath.3. What,afterall,makespeoplelosetheirdeterminationtotakeaction?Pleaseexplaininrelationtotheso-calledhesitationofHamlet.Conscienceandover-considerations.Hewantstorevenge,butdoesn7knowhow.Hewantstokillhisuncle,butfindsittoorisky.Helivesindespairandwantstocommitsuicide.However9heknowsifhedies,nobodywillcomforthisfather9sghost.Heisinfaceofgreatdilemma.Theydon,tknowtheresultaftertheirtakingtheaction.SuchasHamlet,hedoesn,tknowwhatwouldhappenifhekillshisuncleorkillshimself.SoHamletwashesitated.Sonnet18P131. Howdoesthepoetanswerthequestionheputsforthinthefirstline?(Page14)Thepoetopenswithaquestionthatisaddressedtothebeloved,nShaIlIcomparetheetoasummer,sday?”Thisquestioniscomparing“thee”tothesummertimeoftheyear.Itisduringthistimewhentheflowersareblooming,treesarefullofleaves,theweatheriswarm,anditisgenerallyconsideredasanenjoyabletimeduringtheyear.Thefollowingelevenlinesinthepoemarealsodedicatedtosimilarcomparisonsbetweenthebelovedandsummerdays.Inlines2and3,thespeakerexplainswhatmainlyseparatestheyoungwomanfromthesummervsday:sheismorelovelyandmoretemperate.0(Line2)Summerdaysaresometimesshakenbyroughvvinds(Iine3)whichhappensandisnotalwaysaswelcomingasthewoman.HoweverinIiile4,thepoetgivesthefeelingagainthatthesummermonthsareoftentooshortbysaying,nAndsummerleasehathtooshortadate.Inthesummerdays,thesun,“theeyeofheaven(line5),oftenshinestoohotjortoodim,hisgoldcomplexiondimmed(line6)aseveryfairfromfairsometimedeclines.0(Line7)Thefinalportionofthesonnettellshowthebeloveddiffersfromthesummerinvariousaspects.Herbeautywillbeonethatlastsforever,fThyeternalsummershallnotfade.”(Line9)«,andneverendordie.AtIaSttwolines,thepoetexplainshowthebeloved,sbeautywillaccomplishthiseverlastinglifeunlikesummerdays.Anditisbecauseherbeautyiskeptaliveinthispoem,whichwilllastforever.Itwillliveaslongasmencanbreatheoreyescansee.”(Line13)thepoemisoutwardlyasimplestatementofpraiseaboutthebeautyofthebelovedwomanandperhapssummertothespeakerissometimestoounpleasantwiththeextremesofwindinessandheatthatgoalongwithit.However,thebelovedinthepoemisalwaysmildandtemperatebyhernatureandnothingatalllikethesummer.Atlast,thepoetstartstopraisethatthebelovedissogreatandawingthatsheistoliveforeverinthissonnet.Thebelovedissogreatthatthespeakerwillevengoasfarastosaythat,mSolongasmenbreathe,oreyescansee,solonglivesthisandthisgiveslifetothee.M(line1314)thatthebelovedisdeservingtoliveonforever.2. Whatmakesthepoetthinkthat“thou”canbemorebeautifulthansummerandimmortal?Attheverybeginning,thepoetputsforthaquestion:“ShallIcomparetheetoasummer,sday?”Thenhegivesananswer:"Thouartmorelovelyandmoretemperate."Ontheonehand,44RoughwindsdoshakethedarlingbudsofMay,andsummer,sleasehathalltooshortadate;"ontheotherhand,uSometimetoohottheheavenshines,andoftenishisgoldcomplexiondimmed."Sofromtheabovetwoaspectsthepoetthinksthat“thou”canbemorebeautifulthansummer.Inaddition,“Andeveryfairfromfairsometimedeclines,bychance,ornature9schangingcourseuntrimmed."Comparedwithimmortal,64Butthyeternalsummershallnotfade,norlosepossessionofthatfairthouow,st,norshalldeathbragthouwand,restinhisshade,whenineternallinestotimesthougrow'st.”Therefore,thepoetdrawsaconclusion:“Solongasmencanbreatheoreyescansee,solonglivesthis,andthisgiveslifetothee."Inthispoem,thepoetmakes“thou"morebeautifulthansummerandimmortalbecauseofhisbeautifullines.Sointhiscase,“thou"inthepoemcanberegardedasfemalebecauselovecanbeautyeternal.Or"thou”canbereferredtomale,forfriendshipcanmakebeautyeverlasting.Even"thou"canbeabstract“love"or“beauty”whichwillbecomeeternalinthewonderfulpoem.FraiICiSBaCOIlOfMaMaReandSERIeLifePl71. Ismarriageanimpedimentorhelptoone,scareerdevelopment?IntheeasyOfMarriageandSingleIifeyBaconprefersmarriagetosinglelife.Hethinks"unmarriedmenarebestfriends;bestmasters;bestservants;butnotalwaysbestsubjects;fortheyarelighttorunaway;andalmostallfugitivesareofthatcondition"，wWivesareyoungmen'smistresses;companionsformiddleage;andoldmen,snurses".Ihavetosayhiswordscanstillbetruetoday;I'mathisback,thoughmanyyoungpeoplenowchoosetoremainsinglenomatermaleorfemale.Butsince"3SIadiesworwoverleftIadieswbecomethecatchword,thefemaleseemsmoreterrible.Maybebecausewomenareeasiertogetoldbuttomen30isthegoldagesofcareerdevelopment.Forthemainreasonsof3Sladies,somearehighstandardforhusband;somearethefurtherstudying.Formen,maybetheyarefightinginbusiness;maybetheyaretoobadtofindawife.Thenwecanseeallthestateofpresentmarriage.Eventhoughsomesayumarriageisthetomboflove"，Iyetsupportmarriage.Marriageandfamilymakepeoplemoreresponsibleandloving,makedeeperlovebetweenspousesandmakelifemorecolorful.Theabilitytoloveandbelovedisthemostpreciousofgiftsgiventoman,whichshouldbehighlytreasured.Familyletamanlearntocarethewholeunit.Hehastotakegoodcareofhiswifeandson,lovethem,beresponsibleforthem,allofwhicharethesametowomen.Allthesequalitiesarevitaltoanyone,scareer.Whenyouworkbackhome,wifeorhusbandisalwaysthelistenertoyou,sonthewarmhearttoyou.Spouseshelpeachotherandsupporteachother;familyistheharborforsoul.Thusitishelptoone,scareerdevelopment.2. Certainly,wifeandchildrenare"akindofdisciplineofhumanity,妻子儿女显然是人性的一种纪律约束Abachelor's单身lifefocusisbuthimself,sohewillspendalotofmoneyoneverythingthatfeasthiseyeswithouthesitation.Whafsmore,heislikelytohaveagoatanyrisksthatmakehimfeelexcitingandfreshforbeingfreefromanyburden.However;amarriedmanalwaystendstothinktwicebeforemakinganimportantdecisioninordertopreventbringinganyharmtohisfamily.Heshouldhavethemotivationtoworkhardtofulfillwifeandchildren'sexpectation.Asaresult,familyletamanlearntocarethewholeunit.Hehastotakegoodcareofhiswifeandson,lovethem,beresponsibleforthe.Alovinghusbandandaqualifledfathercancontributethegreatestmeritforthepublictoalargeextent.人的感情会移位，结婚的人对人生的态度肯定与单身之时不一样。有孩子的人更因为对孩子的爱迁移到芸芸众生身上。结婚意味着两个人的结合，不论肉体还是精神。在无形中把不相干的两个人熔铸成合体的一个人，对对方的关心和照顾如同自己，对对方的牵挂那是牵肠挂肚。婚姻也让两个人变得更有责任感，感情更加丰富，对社会将会产生奇异的变化，对人生的探索产生深远的影响。单身是自由的，没有婚姻的束缚，没有孩子的牵绊，享受生命的存在，享受一个人的独处.当孤独来临时单身的人会去找人生的知己，会碰到与之共度人生的另一半，于是便有了婚姻。3. Baconprefersmarriagetosinglelife.Doyoufindhisargumentsconvincing?Yes.IthinkBacon9Sargumentsareconvincing.Inthedemonstrationprocess,Baconusesthemethodcomparisontoanalyzetheadvantagesofmarriageandtheshortcomingsofsinglelifeinordertotellusmarriageisbetterthansinglelife.Takingthesentence“wivesareyoungmen,smistresses,companionsformiddleage,andoldmennurses”forexample,itisquiteconvincingandreasonable.Marriagecanbringhappinesstopeople.Itistheecstasywhenpeoplepursuemarriageintheiryouth.Tbayoungman,ononehand,awifeneedshiscareandgoodgraces.Awifeisaflowerandamanshouldpaymuchattentiontoherandgiveherspeciallove.Ontheotherhand,womenarealwaysolderthanmenaccordingtotheirmentalages.So,wivesaremorematurethanherhusbandandshecouldmakemanydecisionsandarrangementsforthefamily.Thatiswhywivesareyoungmen,smistresses.Whenamaninhismiddleage,heneedshiswifetohelphimnotonlyinthecareerbutalsointhefamilylife.Themiddle-agedmansuffersgreatpressureincareerandhewantshiswifetosupportthefamilytogether.Also,hecouldconfidehistroublestohiswife.So,thatisthereasonforhavingawifeinmiddleage.Whenthemangrowsolder,hisbodyisnotsostronglikebefore.So,heneedshiswifetotakecareofhimanddothethingsas“nurses”forhim.Inaddition,anoldmanisalwayslikeachildandheneedsspecialattentionfromhiswife.So,accordingtothereasonsmentionedabove,awifeisalwaysnecessarytoamanandawifealwaysplaysimportantandirreplaceableroleinaman'slife.Inaddition,theargumentistheconclusionaccordingtoBacon,slongtimeobservationandconsiderationtowardslife.Frommyperspective,hisargumentsareconvincing.Ithinkhisargumentsareconvincing.Bacon,sbasicideaisthatmarriageisgoodtobothindividualandsociety.Hisanalysisistakenstepbystep.Atfirst,asinglemanthinksjusttoliveasinglelifecanhemakesomegreatcontributionstothesociety.Butasinglepersononlycaresabouthimself,hedoesn,tpayattentiontothefuture,itcanbeveryunwise.Singlelifecouldalsomakeamantobeserioustohisfreedom.Onthecontrary,marriagemakesamanberesponsible,tender,enthusiasticandwarm-hearted.Astheauthorsaying:ttwivesareyoungmen,smistresses,companionsformiddleage,andoldmen,snurses,Itmeansthatwhenamanisyoung,wifetalksaboutlovewithhim,whenhecomestomiddleage,wifealwaysstaywithhimasacompanion,whenhebecomesold,wifewilltakecareofhimtilltheendoftime.Eventhoughawifemarriesabadhusband,marriageoffersagoodchanceforhusbandtocorrectthemselves.Thewholeessay,smainpointisveryobvious,authortellsfromtwoaspects.Firstly,hesayshowbaditistobeasingleman.Secondly,hetellsalotofadvantagesofbeingmarried.Eachaspecthasenoughproof.AtBacon,speriod,hisargumentsmaybemoreconvincingthannowadays.OfStUdieSP181. Wearenowlivingintheageof“informationexplosion,WhatlessonscanwelearnfromBacon,s<ofstudies>inouraccesstoinformation?Ourplanetisdevelopingforward.Thefast-movingdevelopmentofscienceandtechnologymakesitmoreconvenientforstudentstogetsufficientandeffectiveinformationbycountlessways.Thatistheexternalconditionforourstudy,whichwecanappropriatelymakefulluseof.Butwhatwehavetokeepinmindisthattheeternalmasterofstudyisnoonebutourselvesintheprocessofstudying.Actually,msureeveryoneclearlyknowstheimportanceandsignificanceofreading,ofstudies.However,thebiggestproblemisthattheyhardlyhavepowerfulresistancetothosetemptationsaroundus9suchasnew-stylevideogames,latestHollywoodblock-buster,AvrilRamonaLavigne,snextconcert.Placedintheinformationcurrent,youngstudentsaredifficulttorationallydealwiththefloodinginformation.Theterribleresultisthattheybecomemoreandmoreindifferenttoreadingbooks,andwheneveracademicassignscome,wejuststartuptheircomputerandaccesstoinformationontheInternetnomatterhowmuchinformationtheycanreallycopyandmakeuse.Whatapity!Astoefficientstudymethodstoalltheseinformation,Baconinsistsonthecombinationoftheoryandpractice,“studiesthemselvesdogiveforthdirectionstoomuchatlarge,excepttheybeboundedinbyexperience.”Andintermsofbookswhichmeanfortodaynotonlypaperbooksbutalsoinformationonlineforexamplee-books,Baconholdstheview“somebooksaretobereadonlyinparts;otherstoberead,butnotcuriously;andsomefewtobereadywholly,andwithdiligenceandattention”.Alltheideascandefinitelygivecollegestudentspreciouslessonstostudyandreadingbookstoday.Whenwefacethefloodinginformation,somearetobereadinpart;they,rejustprovidingnothingthanbackgroundwhichcanbeusefultounderstandandcompleteassignments.Wecannotmerelydependallonthecomputerinsteadofmeditatehardonourown.Ofcourse,practicingisquitesignificanttoday.Infact,thatdoesn,tmeanpracticeshouldbetheactionoutofpapers;inturn,thetermpaperfinishedonone,sownisapracticeofapplyinghisknowledgetopracticalwriting.Informationaroundusisshowingupwithoutstopping.Theyareallnevercheckedbyexperts,trueorfalse.Weaccesstothemwheninneed.Stillwehavetobecautiousandjustviewthemasareminderorbrainstormresourcestohelpintegrateourideastowellorganizethewholeassignment.Thisistherightattitudetoinformationandtoourownstudy.2. Inwhatsensedoesreadingmakeafullman?Readingmakesafullman.Historiesmakemenwise,poets,witty;themathematics,subtle;naturalphilosophy,deep;moral,grave;logicandrhetoric,abletocontend.Readinghistoriesmakespeoplelearnlessonsfromtheancienttime,avoidmakingthesamemistakesandpredictthedevelopmentofthings.Peoplewhoreadhistorieswillbewiserthanthesewhojustactaccordingtotheirownpreferenceswithoutlearningfromhistories.Readingpoemsmakespeoplelearnthebeautyoflanguage,thebeautifulclassicalstyleofartandliveapoeticlife.Peoplewhoreadpoemswillbewittierthanthesewhohaven,tfeelthebeautifulmoodandpurelife.Readingmathematicsmakespeoplefocusontheaccuratecalculation,developascientificattitude,andformapragmaticspirit.Peoplewhoreadmathematicswillbemoresubtletoconsiderthingsfromallaspectsanddothingsfromthedropcarefullythanthesewhodon,tread.Readingnaturalphilosophymakespeoplepursuetruth,exploretheunknownmystery,andpracticeactively.Peoplewhoreadnaturalphilosophywillbedeeperthanthesewhodon,tlearnthetheoryofreflectingthetruth.Readingmoralmakespeoplelearnthewayofharmonyliving,formtheprincipleofethicalbehaviorsanddevelopcorrectoutlooksonvalues.Peoplewhoreadmoralwillbegraverthanthesewhobehavewithoutcorrectprinciplesandcan'tdealwithdifferentrelationships.Readinglogicmakespeoplemastertherulesofthinking,dealingwithdifferentthingsandexploringobjectivereality.Peoplewhoreadlogicwillbemorecontendtohaveclearideas,matertheprinciplesofobjectivetruththanthesewhodon,tactaccordingtorules.Differentkindsofreadingmaterialsplaydifferentrolesinmakingafullman.Peoplesho