英文药品说明书的.ppt

英文药品说明书的阅读,Jessica,“药品说明书”的英文表达方式有Instructons，Directions，Description 现在多用Package Insert，或简称 Insert.,药品名称（Drug Names）性状（Description）药理作用（Pharmacological Actions）适应症（Indications）禁忌证（Contraindications）用量与用法（Dosage and Administration）不良反应（Adverse Reactions）注意事项（Precautions）包装（Package）贮存（Storage）其他项目（Others）,1药品名称,商品名（Trade Name）通用名（Generic Name）化学名（Chemical Name）例：Rulide（罗力得）之下列有（Roxithromycin，罗红霉素）Nitro-Dur（护心贴片（Nitroglycerin，硝酸甘油）。,药品名称的翻译可采用音译意译音意合译谐音译意,按英文药品名的读音译成相同或相近的汉语。如：Ritalin利他林，Amacin 阿米卡星。,按药品名称所表达的含意译成相应的汉语。例如：Tetracyline四环素;也可其药理作用翻译如：Uraly消石素（治疗尿路结石药物）等。,药品名称中的一部分采用音译，另一部分采用意译.例如：Medemycin麦迪霉素.（mycin 霉素），Cathinone卡西酮（one酮）。,以音译为原则，选用谐音的汉字，既表音，又表意，音意结合。例如：Doriden多睡丹，Legalon利肝隆，Webilin胃必灵.商品名称可以这样翻译，而法定名称则规定不可以这样翻译。,2性状 Description,Chemical Structure 化学结构Composition 成分Physical and Chemical Properties 理化性质例1.Folic acid is a yellowish to orange,crystalline powder;odourless or almost odourless.叶酸是淡黄色至橙色结晶粉沫，无味或几乎无味。例2.It occurs as a white to off-white,crystalline solid,poorly soluble in water,dilute acid and most organic solvents.本品（炎痛息康）为白色至类白色结晶固体，难溶于水、稀酸及大多数有机溶剂中。,表示性质的一些词类,colour 颜色 stable 稳定的tasteless 无味的molecular formular 分子式 molecular weight 分子量 crystalline 结晶 structure 结构 solubility 溶解度odour 气味 tablets 片剂liquid 液体powder 粉沫,3.药理作用Pharmacological Actions,包括：临床药理（Clinical Parmacology）体外试验（in vitro experiments）药物代谢（Metabolism）药效（Potency）毒性（Toxicity）其他的表示方法还有 Clinical Effect（Use）临床效果（用途）Mechanism of Action 作用机理,例Mean peek serum concentrations of tobramycin occur between 30 and about 60 minutes after intramuscular administration.肌注后约3050分钟之间妥布毒素的平均血药浓度达到高峰。,4.适应症Indications,angina pectoris 心绞痛cancer癌diabete糖尿病hypertension 高血压gram-positive microorganisms（bacteria）革兰氏阳性菌 virus 病毒E.coli 大肠杆菌,1.例.The following diseases caused by bacteria including grampositive and gramnegative bacteria such as Staphylococcus,Streptcoccus,pneumonia2.由For（或In等）引出的短语，例如：例.For prevention of the advance of cataract.3.To 动词原形构成的短语，如：例.To prevent the formation of urinary calculi，especially in cases where they tend to recur.,请翻译,例Amikacin is useful in the treatment of infections from Gramnegative sensitive species，there included the Pseudomonas species；it may also be useful to treat infections caused by sensitive staphylococci.,5.禁忌症Contraindications,Restrictions on Use（用药限制）1、孕妇、妊娠期或哺乳期，幼童等：pregnant woman 孕妇 lactation 哺乳期 in pregnancy 妊娠期children under years of age 岁以下儿童the first trimester（3 months）of pregnancy 妊娠期的最初三个月2、患有某些疾病或过敏的患者，如：allergic（hypersensitive）to 对过敏的allergic reaction 过敏反应 allegy（hypersensitivity）to patients with 患有的患者,cardiac failure 心力衰竭hypertension 高血压cardiac insufficiency 心功能不全severe hypotension 严重低血压impairment of kidney（renal function）肾功能损伤diabetes 糖尿病liver（hepatic）damage 肝损伤severe anemia 严重贫血例Pregnacy,allergy to penicillin,functional disorders of liver and kidneys,diseases of the heamatopoietic system（anemia）,infectious diseases,ulcers of the oral cavity and the gastrointestinal tract,recent operation wounds.,6.用量与用法,Dosage and Administration 用（剂）量与用法Route of Administration 给药途径（用法）Direction for Use 用法Method of（for）Administration 用法Application and Dosage 用法与用（剂）量Mode of Application 用法Dosage 用（剂）量How to Use 用法Posology 剂量学,常用表示剂量的术语,average dose 平均剂量minimal（minimum）dose 最小有效量daily dose 日剂量（一日量）multiple dose 多剂量divided dose 分次剂量 overdose（overdose）过量fatal dose 致死量 single dose 一次剂量indicated dose 有效剂量standard dose 标准（合适）剂量initial（beginning,starting）dose 首次量 suggested（recommended）dose 推荐剂量maintenance dose 维持量therapeutic dose 治疗剂量maximum dose 最大剂量（极量）usual（normal）dose 常用剂量,常用的剂量单位表示法,g=gram 克 l=liter（litre）升mg=milligram 毫克 ml=milliliter 毫升kg=kilogram 千克 c.c.毫升mcg=microgram 微克 I.U.=international unit 国际单位ug 微克 body weight 体重per square meter of body surface 每平方米体表面积,每次给药次数的表示方法,daily（per day,a day,every day）每日every hours 每隔小时once（twice）daily（a day）每日一（二）次every other day 每隔一日three times a day（daily）每日三次once（twice）a week（weekly）每周一（二）次Divided into doses 分次in two or three divided doses 分为二或三次（个剂量）,给药对象,adolescents 青少年 infant（s）婴儿 adult（s）成年人 newborn baby（babies）新生儿children（child）儿童 patient（s）患者，病人debilitated patients 体弱患者 pediatric 儿科的elderly patient（s）老年患者 pregnant women 孕妇senile patient（s）老年患者（病人）,例Unless other wise prescribed by the physician,the average daily dose is 1 capsule 3 times daily.例The suggested dose is 10 to 15 mg per kg dody weight daily in 3-4 divided doses orally,taken with meets.例Children:The usual dose is 50 to 100 mg/kg/day total,given in four equally divided and spaced doses.,给药方式的表示法,intra-arterially 静脉内给药 by mouth（OS）口服orally 口服给药by intramuscular（IM）injection 肌肉注射by intravenous（IV）injection 静脉注射by the intravenous infusion 静脉输注subcutaneously 皮下给药 sublingually 舌下给药by the subligual administration 舌下给药per rectum 直肠给药by enema 灌肠 per vaginum 阴道给药,给药方式的表示法,locally 局部给药intrapleurally 胸（膜）腔内给药intraperitoneally 腹（膜）腔内给药 by the intra-articatar administration 关节内给药by the intranasal route 鼻内给药parenterally 肠道外给药 submucously 粘膜下给药 by aerosol 喷雾给药,例For adults give intramuscular injection of 400 to 600 mg per day in 2-3 divided doses.For infants give intramuscular injection of 10-20mg/kg per day in two divided doses.成年人：肌肉注射，每日400-600mg，分2-3次注射；婴儿：肌肉注射，每日10-20mg/kg体重，分2次注射。,7.Precaution注意事项,本项中常见的检查项目 blood count 血细胞汁数 Kidney（renal）function 肾功能blood picture（hemogram）血象 Liver（hepatic）function 肝功blood level 血浓度 serum concentration 血清浓度blood pressure 血压 serum creatinine test 血清肌酸酐检验clotting time 凝血时间 urine routine（examination）尿常规creatinine clearance 肌酸酐清除率,例The most serious risk associated with anticoagulant therapy with sodium warfarin are hemorrhage in any tissue or organ and less frequently,necrosis and/or gangrene of skin and other tissues.The risk of hermorrhage is related to level of intensity and the duration of anticoagulant therapy.用华注林钠进行抗凝治疗产生的最严重的危险就是组织或器官出血，以及不大常出现的皮肤和其他组织的坏死和（或）坏疽。出血的危险与抗凝治疗的药物浓度（水平）及疗程长短有关。,8.包装Package,常见的包装单位（工具）的英语表示法：ampoule（s）安瓿 carton 纸盒blister pack（package）铝塑包装（水泡眼包装）pack 包blister strip 铝塑条状包装（水泡眼条包装）sheet 张bottle 瓶strip 条box 盒tube 管canist 罐vial 玻璃小瓶例Packages：Box containing one 100 mg bottle,药物的常见剂型的英语表示法：,aerosol（inhaler）气雾剂 ampoule 针剂capsules 胶囊 oral solution 口服液coated（-）tablets 包衣片 pill 丸剂cream 乳膏 powder 粉剂derm TTS 皮肤贴膏 retard capsules（tablets）缓释胶囊（片）dregees 糖衣丸 scored-tablets 刻（划）痕片,emulsion 乳剂栓剂 sugar-coated tablets 糖衣片film-coated tablets 膜衣片suppositories 栓剂granule 颗粒 suspension 悬浮剂，混悬剂injection 注射剂，针剂liniment 搽剂 syrup 糖浆liquid 液剂ointment 软膏drops 滴剂solution 溶液剂,9.贮存Storage,常用的一些短语有：store（keep）in a cool and dry place 存于于阴凉干燥处away from light 避光away from children 勿让儿童接触protect from light（heat）避光（热）out of（the）reach of children 勿让儿童触及prevent moisture 防潮例store medicines carefully.Keep away from children.例Stroe below 25 protecting from freezing and light.例Storage instructions:Protect from heat and light.,10.Validity（有效期）,药品的有效期或失效期有以下几种表示方法：validity 有效期 storage life 贮存期Expiry（Exp.）date 失效（日）期 Shelf life 贮存期（贮藏期限）Expiring 失效期 Stability 稳定性Expiration date 失效（日）期例Validity and storage:The solution will keep for five years if stored at a temperature below 20,11.其他可能出现的项目,1）References 参考文献 2）Clinical data 临床数据3）Formula（Formulation）分子式4）Recommendations 建议5）Remark（s）注意 Attention 注意6）Tolerance 耐受性7）Information for the patients 患者须知8）Further information 补充资料9）Batch No 批号10）Made in 由制造 Produced by 由生产 Manufactured（Manfd）by 由制造,