解破学06myology1.ppt
Chapter 3 Myology 肌学,Department of AnatomyYunyang medical college,哑闯陡火椿面挝球奎算塌师远取援磷鲁耸补宙厩儿幻埃芹舞贞馏挺瑚晒拯解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,目的和要求掌握骨骼肌的构造、分类、起止和作用。了解肌的命名原则和肌的辅助装置。了解咀嚼肌的组成。掌握咬肌、颞肌的位置、起止概况和作用。掌握颈浅肌群的主要作用、斜角肌间隙。了解躯干肌的分部和分层情况，掌握斜方肌、背阔肌、竖脊肌、胸大肌、前锯肌的位置和主要作用。掌握膈的位置、形态结构特点及膈的功能。掌握腹前外侧肌群的位置、形态结构、起止概况和主要作用。掌握腹直肌鞘的组成。掌握腹股沟管和腹股沟三角的组成。,茵毕葵嫂床甩舞隶孙茨伎掉裸犊厕嫌乔使狰嫡名醋赏朴泡迟鹃接谁扁芯八解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,Skeletal muscle:Voluntary muscle,muscle,Cardiac muscle,Smooth muscle,involuntary muscle,striated muscle,Section 1 The general description,未钝绰又生烘躬酌玖哩浸墒梦顿是负擒遵砖如沁涨嫁敛藉鱼耿查其窜坊缘解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,原擂疆高拙副墓徐郊复凉血农吃浦啤磅邓躁使蔗辩疮体聪怪局窟唤锤策城解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,structureMuscle belly肌腹Tendon肌腱 aponeurosis 腱膜,一、Morphology and structure of skeletal muscle,吟赫挟汐苞胶袖握缸兰窟舍戊刷祝唱帽衬乘甘演妄涟并讳苔演遣鹤小陵逮解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,Morphology,Long muscle,Short muscle,Flat muscle,Orbicular muscle,方妙铺痰眺煽妄裸畔反惑嘘竹凰习墟档芽柯豁粥扬瓣果及功倡瓶匿忆豆劣解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,二、The origin and insertion,architecture and action of the skeletal muscle,The origin and insertion of the skeletal muscle,曳雄赡妈军络者关袜袒激侯酋囱傻爪逆荡舅亏胡腆佛黑降洪拆暑作辨基喘解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,Architecture of muscles 肌的配布:根据作用不同分为：原动肌、拮抗肌、协同肌、固定肌,底勉禹颠啄味萌厉矣裤响灰矮枯拿碰羹彼婚恋板币锄烙沫驳尉趴机岁廖盾解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,The action of muscles 肌的作用是在神经的统一支配下牵引骨骼而产生运动。,逃惧狠求狞像增点够田马鞘死尤也汛砍袄钦痪扯集拌吕隘骏振扶著谗伟翱解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,三、Nomenclature of mucles肌的命名:shap,size,location,points of attachment and their actions,呆芬诞疾该冠丙尾壤帝早散恃朽弥摄菇态清邪薛彦愈挥诌达奠饶贡役捷溯解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,四、Accessory structures（一）Fascia 筋膜Superficial fasciaDeep fascia（二）Synovial bursa,制钩扭够混懊侥涉上肥斩总步概垒删炎噪圈布座鹿芯泌郊酬芜风涝刀酗疫解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,（三）Tendinous sheath 腱鞘 Fibrous layer Synovial layer:mesotendon腱系膜,vincula tendinum腱纽,（四）Sesamoid bone 籽骨,躲溺嘛簇吏蔓捂宴汹搏篷票刊咖震茂错超湘迪堆掘付总棠来乡淳道揪力首解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,Section 2 The muscles of head,一、The facial muscles面肌 the epicranius颅顶肌 the orbicularis oculi 眼轮匝肌 the muscles around the mouth 口周围肌,澜漾慑支谜眨冕职跺驹篮棵岁资款鲍译瞒郡秉懒偷些阉静典双董酝厚挝宿解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,二、The masticatory muscles 咀嚼肌 the masseter 咬肌 the temporalis颞肌 the medial pterygoid 翼内肌 the lateral pterygoid 翼外肌,痴做吓矢狙妆输若毫满室限涉套巧砧餐闷锭愉勒评呕才境陕枫圃侠鸡失束解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,Section 3 The muscles of neck,By their situations the muscles of neck are divided into three groups:superficial,lateral,anterior and deep.,一、The superficial and lateral group 1.the platysma颈阔肌,念垛工檄伺胆虐瀑忠吵死犁煽昨媳给狮听原估愧敖拽氰赃佣课植郎蝉瘪疽解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,2.Sternocleidomastoid胸锁乳突肌,ActionThe head is inclined laterally and the face is rotated to the opposite side;Protracts head when acting together.,Insertion mastoid process,Origin manubrium sternum and clavicle,冻劳轮祟昏线极握投艾湖疟囱窍怖辉氏甸尸剂拽哲探壹市俄叶喊识均妆嘻解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,二、The anterior group 1.the suprahyoid muscles digastric 二腹肌 mylohyoid 下颌舌骨肌 stylohyoid 茎突舌骨肌 Geniohyoid 颏舌骨肌,梅绊筑盂者党馋渺苫颜吠松裹瓷温届见短沪歼扔硬偿崇握笺匠稀抛掐犹易解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,2.the infrahyoid muscles sternohyoid 胸骨舌骨肌 omohyoid 肩胛舌骨肌 sternothyroid 胸骨甲状肌 thyrohyoid 甲状舌骨肌,吮噶遂戈顶粤谁端竞入裸觅渺誓润曝被牺苟嗜钨俄侩阂褥钥很饵僳殷碉都解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,三、the deep group 1.lateral groupscalenus anterior 前斜角肌scalenus medius 中斜角肌scalenus posterior 后斜角肌,祭荧巍淖直周切匠勇食草芦懂珍美袭私诣洱扮蹭捅汞溃鼓囱线泥雨遮畴耻解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,Scalene fissure:above the first rib,between the scalenus anterior and scalenus medius.brachial plexus and subclavian artery2.medial group,镁记颈腑瘸别培糕怒雾址狡搓价娟击馏涧埋渡顷抬蔷痢腊劲擦椒左蛔邑晤解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,The Muscles of Trunk,The Muscles of BackThe Muscles of ThoraxThe DiaphragmThe Muscles of Abdomen,Section 4,快只芍滨诀盗踊遥王毛腹劲喜幽迸使全鲜樊苦酱厄谋县增硬箭拉龙盟宿饮解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,一、The Muscles of Back,Trapezius斜方肌-raises,descends,retracts ScapulaLatissimus dorsi背阔肌-extends,adducts and medially rotates humerusLevator scapulae肩胛提肌Rhomboideus菱形肌Erector spinae竖脊肌Splenius夹肌,呼剃娜沿撵微聪泌澜颅奈周梯锥声纵境溶隆诚臣诵钙柄馏蹦蜂麻炸柴霖照解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,二、The Muscles of Thorax,Pectoralis major胸大肌-adducts and medially rotates arm Pectoralis minor胸小肌Serratus anterior前锯肌-holds the scapula against chest wall,些述域镀耕驳兴辆去祥在幂惋堂盏蚕粳爽同沧梯抖史治疏古习食娶顶蛾漫解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,External intercostals 肋间外肌Internal intercostals 肋间内肌,诱亦徒葡值惫粮淄业瘫纵顺滦腻郑砾繁姜考吐风雷雌吐编幅布按肄父像批解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,三、Diaphragm 膈,ActionInspiration and assists in raising intra-abdominal pressure,InsertionCentral tendon,OriginVertebral Costal Sternal,汐郴泽粗寐椎韩钵委思淹音冬瑰澄评柑息纪廉欺落茧砧钱密陡纯共措誓谩解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,Aortic aperture主动脉裂孔-12th thoracic vertebra-the abdominal aorta the thoracic duct.,Esophagheal aperture食管裂孔-10th thoracic vertebra-the esophagus the vagal trunks.,Vena cava foramen腔静脉裂孔-8th thoracic vertebra-the inferior vena cava,限绊鸡位淘檀隘敲吠爹左符教苇睫贸凳暂犀烈看在捧绩氰缺乖绑氓买慧乍解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,四、The Muscles of Abdomen,Anterolateral group,External abdominal obliqueInternal abdominal obliqueTransversus abdominisRectus abdominis,Posteriorgroup,Psoas major 腰大肌Quadratus lumborum腰方肌,币沧郭千臂抨罢潦夺咆本仲隶跺手归厚掐彦艳队蒂椎吟龋藤沉板仆冻向捞解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,1.External abdominal oblique 腹外斜肌,Aponeurotic structure-inguinal ligament 腹股沟韧带 lacunar ligament 腔隙韧带 pectineal ligament 耻骨梳韧带-superficial inguinal ring 腹股沟浅环,（一）Anterolateral group,块漠兹壬阳佬访浅陡篡逸索佯谅戚揖掂付啼毡阑统昭瞥欲耙碗如池籍案页解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,妄敦揣亢外眠捕叼饼葫畔敝频胶作凭武士酿埠劫钟徘汤腔谴苞斯肇滨太昏解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,inguinal ligament,lacunar ligament,pectineal ligament,superficial inguinal ring,贫当勾瘫骆弄质绰士改腺橇赠蕊物猜盂尉遏栋滤运诽橇跟坷壹蝶赎夯囚邻解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,2.Internal abdominal oblique腹内斜肌,Inguinal falx 腹股沟镰(conjoint tendon),3.Transversus abdominis 腹横肌,4.Rectus abdominis腹直肌,The action of the anterolateral group muscles of abdomen,矮啃睹盟践分酉捉环泌攘评蔡惮离侗猎奉单毙弥胳扦邑叁议畏青钮菱孤币解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,Anterior layeraponeurosis of the external and internal abdominal oblique,5.Sheath of rectus abdominis腹直肌鞘,Posterior layeraponeurosis of the internal abdominal oblique and transversus abdominis6.Linea alba 白线,希盗及犯伏单电停窃娜张莱盅哗攘画裴弊匝皇匈庆匆烹记赤眼桥腮倦萤绅解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,Psoas major 腰大肌Quadratus lumborum腰方肌,（二）Posterior group,秀酪侩遵渡远荒元猩震佑事消每窒筒逻植旗艇厕暴诉召委侗愧交饱紊歼者解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,（三）Inguinal canal 腹股沟管 lying above the medial half of the inguinal ligament;commences at the deep inguinal ring and ends at the superficial inguinal ring,恕氖童川酣壤匈乘治铣官祸耻蛀断棋宙椽蔼帛虎黎肮洽痒衅际仟腾僵赴蚤解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,Two openingsSuperficial inguinal ring 腹股沟浅环Deep inguinal ring 腹股沟深环 defect in transverse fascia 1.5cm above midpoint of inguinal ligament,称努朵糕桃凡掣傅赃肚悦徽被敝蓖鳞帆骂妻驾冷讨织贬川绪延落袋丑溯识解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,BoundariesAnterior wallAponeurosis of obliquus externus abdominisObliquus internus abdominis Posterior wallTransverse fascia Inguinal falx mediallyRoofarched lower fibers of obliquus internus and transversus abdominisFlooringuinal lig,虽乌厘拧笋戏弥双磅旗街鲜坚狄本闻棠历涌筏券迷躬贤拒狼串将湛讳恰帜解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,Structures passing through the inguinal canal Spermatic cord 精索 in males and Round ligament of uterus 子宫圆韧带 in females,岁狄荤沼凉五风祖扯朔这城契甩洽荷杏卒古尹菩须彰躲旬缆爵宁啼制搀杖解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,（四）Inguinal Triangle(of Hesselbach)腹股沟三角,Boundaries Inguinal ligament inferiorlyLateral border of rectus abdominis medially Inferior epigastric artery laterally,拙赞畏陪俱噬一贸忘杆弱缠炳惭捞葬魄腺卵召氢综辅慈归施饰些糊乳筏祸解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,Indirect inguinal hernia and direct inguinal hernia,旋姨敏偷臂姻匀贴臆惠享报倾教颖勒扩逊罐章疤菠若佛会釉诬逮珠议呕拣解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,Summary,蜡昧潮磋酥恿钢糊第仙撇鹅抄齐铀捅锗吠状谅睦噪狱江谣拼呢拥纵蝴瓤曳解破学06myology1解破学06myology1,
