SAT真题分享：2009年5月北美.docx

ESSAYTime25minutesTheesj>aygivesyouanopportunitytoshowhoweffectivelyyoucandevelopandexpressideas.Youshould,therefore.LakecaretodevelopyourpointOfview,presentyourideaslogicallyandclearly,anduselanguageprecisely.YouressaymustbewrittenonthelinesprovidednyouranswersheetyouWillreceivenootherpaperonwhichtowrite.Youwillhaveenoughspaceifyouwriteoneveryline,avoidWidemargins,andkeepyourhandwritingoareasonablesize.Rememberthatpeoplewhoarenotfamiliarwithyourhandwritingwillreadwhatyouwrite.Trytowriteorprintsothatwhatyouarewritingislegibletothosereaders.ImportantReminders:Apencilisrequiredfortheessay.Anessaywrittenininkwillreceiveascoreofzero.Donotwriteyouressayinyourtestbook.YouwillreceiveCreditonlyforWhaiyouwriteonyouranswersheet.Anoff>topicessaywillreceiveascoreofzero.Ifyouressaydotsnotreflectyouroriginalandindividualwork,yourtestscoresmaybecanceled.Youhavetwenty-fiveminutestowriteanessayonthetopicassignedbelow.ThinkcarefullyaboutIIleissuepresentedinthefollowingexcerptandtheassignmentbelow.TherearegoodreasonstopayattentiontopeopleWhOareolderormoreexperiencedthanweare.eveniftheiropinionsonimportantissuesarcverydilferenfromours.Ofcourse,noteverypersonolderthanusisworthlearningfrom.Whilemanyyoungpeopleare.ButiftheonlypeoplewelistentoareourageandarelikelytoSeUthingsthesamewaywedo.wewillmissoutonsomethingimportan(.Assignment:ShouldwepaymoreauenioniopeopleWhoareolderandmoreexpeencedthanWeare?Planandwriteanessayinwhichyoudevelopyourpointofviewonthisissue.Supportyourpositionwithreasoningandexamplestakenfromyourreading,studies,experience,orobservations.BEGINWRITINGYOURESSAYONPAGE2OFTHEANSWERSHEET.Ifyoufinishbeforetimeiscalled,youmaycheckyourworkonthissectiononly.OoCotturntoanyothersectioninthetest.CUnaulhonzodcopyingOCrouse5c«anypartofMpaeisillegal.«、SECTION3Time25minutes24QuestionsTurntoSection3(page4)ofyouranswersheettoanswerthequestionsinthissection.Directions:Foreachquestioninthissection,selectthebestanswerfromamongthechoicesgivenandllinthecorrespondingcircleontheanswersheet.EaCh sentence below has one or two blanks, each blank indicating that something has been omitted. Beneath the sentence arc five words or sets of words labeled A through E. Chse the word or set of words that, when inserted in the sentence, best fits the meaning of lhe sentence as a whole.Example:Hoping tothe dispute, negotiators proposed a compromise that they fe)t would beto both labor and management.(A) enforce . useful(B) end . divisive(C) overcome . unattractive(D) extend . satisfactory(E) resolve . acceptable®® ©® 4. Despite theof popular interest in rain forests and medicinal plants, there is aeasy-to-use field guides.(A) burgeoning . paucity of(B) dearth . scarcity of(C) flurry . wealth of(D) restoration . market for(E) abatement. decline in5. While the manager clearly sought tothe optimism of the marketing team, she stopped short of pronouncing their plan unfeasible.(A) sustain (B) temper (C) emulate(D) convey (E) rekindle1.CostaRican-bomartistJimenezDerediaworksonascale:thesculptureshecreatesaretrulyimmense.（八）monumental(B)prolic(C)rarited(D)polemical(E)holistic2.GertrudeSlein,slifedemonstratesher,herrefusalevertogiveupwithouthavingachievedhergoal.（八）acumen(B)sedatencss(C)indomilability(D)originality(E)municence3.Aroundstrangers,Raviappeared;butoncehewaswithhisfriends,hisself-confidencereturned,andhebecamemore.（八）retiring.taciturn(B)assured.skittish<C)diffident.assertiveID)unfaltering.outgoing(E)coy.befuddled3UnauttioniXHJcopy<ngorrouseo；Canypantnspageisillegal«Thepassagesbelowarefollowedbyquestionsbasedontheircontent;questionsfollowingapairofrelatedpassagesmayais(bebasedontherelationshipbetweenthepairedpassages.AnswerthequestionsonthebasisofwhaisstutedCrimpliedinthpassagesandinanyintroductorymaterialthatmaybeprovided.Questions6-9arebasednthefollowingpassages.Passage1Duringtherapidexpansionin(henumberofInternetcompanies(4*dot-cost')inthe1990s,alotofentrepreneursthoughttheInternethadchangedeverything.UneTheysawanopportunity,goireallygreedy,andmadealot5ofbaddecisions.Astheirbigplanswentbellyupbecausetleyhadn'tfiguredomhowtocontinuemakingmoney,cracksstalledtoshow.WhentheInternetcompaniesstartedlosingmoney,thepublicwhichhadinitiallyrushedtobuystockinthesenewcompaniesrefused/Otofundanymoreriskyexperiments.ThemarketforstockinInternetcompaniescollapsed,entrepreneurslookedforopportunitiessomewhereelse,andthesurvivorsstruggleon.Bm!Endofstory.Passage2Therearcmanysimilaritiesbetween(heInternet/5expansionandBritain'srailwaymaniainthe1840s.Justaftertherailroadwasinvented,would-bcrailmillionairesraisedvastSUmSofmoneytofinanceproposedlines.MosxrailwayComPaniCSneverpaidapennybacktoinvestors,andmanycompanieswentbus.Anyonewhobough(stock20sharesintheGreatWesternRailwayatitslaunchin1835andheldthemuntil1913wouldhaveseenanUnmmarkabkannualreturnofonly5percent.Evenso.railroadsbroughthugebenefitsIotheeconomylongaftershaepricescrashed.ThelessonisthattheInternetmaystillproduce25long-termeconomicgains,eventhoughmanyinvestorscouldlosetheirshins.6.BothauthorsimplywhichofthefollowingaboutpeoplewhoinvestedinInternetcompanies?（八）Unusualgreedwastheprincipalmotivatingfactor.(B)Lackofhistoricalperspectivewasacommonlysharedtrait.(C)BadfinancialnewsaboutInternetcompaniespromptedthemiooverreact.(D)Itwasnotuncommonforthemiolosemostoralloftheirinvestmenu.(E)HoldingonIotheirinvestmentsoverIhelongtermwouldgeneralIvhavepaidoff.7.Theenlcpeneus'(line3.PassageI)aremostsimilartowhichofthefollowingfromPassage17（八）“would-berailmillionaires”(line16)(B)*Anyone,t(line19)(C)uGrcaiWesternRailway*(line20)(D)railroads*(line22)(E)',lntcrnef,(tine24)8.InPassage2,theauthorsuggeststhataninvestorwouldlikelyregardthe*,annualreturn”of5percent(line22)with/ 7 Ir B C D E /kenthusiasmjocularitydissatisfactionincredulitybitterness9.ComparedwiththeloneofPassage2,thetoneofPassage1ismore（八）tentative(B)scholarly(C)somber(D)glib(E)sympathetica3ff1UnauthorizedcopingorreusecHW«anypano<page*UI09al<QuestionsIO18arebasedonthefollowingpassage.ThefollowingpassageisadaptedfronanAfricanAmericanjournalist'saulobiographypublishedin1996.Heretheauthorrecallshischildhoodduringtheearly1960$inNeWYorkdry.Theoldblack-and-whiteTVsetworkedsometimes.!twasn'thighonMommySlistofthingsU)fix.Shecalledit"theboobtube*andrarelyallowedustowatchit.WCUnedidn'tneedlo.SOurhousewa5acombinationthree-pletewithongoingaction,daringfeats,music,andanimals.OverIheyearsweassembledastableofpetsIhalresembledaveritablepettingroo:gerbils,mice,dogs.cats,rabbits,fhbirds,turtles,andfrogsthatwouldalternatelyIUlickandbileusandspreadmysteriousdiseasesthatzippedthroughoutourhouse.MommyoncebroughthomeachickforEasier,anditgreuandgrewuntilShecamehemefromworkonenigh,openedthedoor,andsaweightkidschasingaroosteraroundthelivingroom.“Gethimout!*/5shescreamed.WcneverconsullcdMommyaboutminorproblems.Hertimemeritedonlyfull-blownproblemslike"Isthekitchenfloorstillundertwofeelofwatersincey'alloodedit?*andschool,whichwasatopprioty.Excusesfornotdoing2。homeworkwerenotaccepted.Cursingwasnotallowed.Wewcren*tevenallowedtosaytheword“lie"wchadtouse“story.”“Doyourhomeworkanddon,tellstoriesandyoumightbecomelikeyourbrotherDennis/'Mommyadmonished.oJustlkathowgoodhe'sdoing.Educate2SyourmindlikeyourbrotherDennisXDennis.Youcouldhearthesighsallthroughtheho心Cwhenshementionedthename.TheysoundedlikethewhistleontheLongislandRailRoadIhalpassedbyonthetracks30afewblocksfromourhouse.Denniswastheeldestsiblingandafamilypioneer.Hewasanartistwhodrewpicturesdialtoldincrediblestoriesabouttheplaceshe,dbeenandthepeoplehe'dmet.Hchadmoneyinhi、POCkeLactualdollarsandcents.35withchangetospare.Hcwasagianamongustcastingahuge,oblongshadowthathungoveruschildrenliketheLincolnMemorial,whichhehadvisitedtwice.Hisgreatachievements,spokenofinhisabsencebecausehecamehomeonlyforholidays,wereglowinglyrecounted.4。dissected,rumored,enhanced,extolled.Theheightsheattained,heightsWepunymoalscouldonlydreamofachieving,were(TUmPeIedandcrowedaboutbyMomm>ineverycornerofthehouse.Dennishadfinishedcollege.DennishadgonetoEurope.Andnow,forhiscrowning45achievement,Dennis,ogloriousDennis,ohmightyDennisDeni<,Dennis!soughtthehighestmostwonderful,mostincredibleachievementanyhumanbeing,anyson,couldhopetoachieveDenniswasgoingtobeadoctor./Well,thereWaSnogreaterhonor.Imean,forgetit.Doctor,teacher,Iakeyourpick.HadMommyknownwhatDenniswasreallydoinginschoolotherthanbeingaStraighi-Astudent,shemighthavebadadifferentopinionofhim.DenniswasoneCfthemostactivecivilrights55studentsdieUniversityofPennsylvaniaMedicalSchoolhadeverseen.HcinarchedonWashington.Heorganizedahospitalwo&ers'union.HesatatsegregatedIuncbcountersintheSouth.Hehadencounterswiththepolice.Denniswasatwarwiththesystem,butaslongHShekept60hiswaroutofthehouseandstayedinmedicalschool,thatwasOKwithMommy.、10.Inline2."high"mo§nearlymeans（八）mporunt(B)seriou(C)strong(D)exalted(E)Ull11.Theauthorsreferencetothe'Ihree-Fingcircusandzoo,*(line5)suggeststhatthe（八）family'shomewasnotlocatedinaresidentialneighborhood(B)family'shomeWaSfullofstimulationandCnttnainment(C)childreninventedimaginarycompanions(D)childrenaspiredtobeanimaltrainers(E)childrenregularlyvisitedthelocalzoo12.TheincidentWilhtheroosterinlines11-15(,*Mommy.screamed”conveyswhichofthefollowing?（八）Themother'sfrustrationwiththechildren'spranks(B)Thefamily'snostalgicfeelingsformrallife(C)Thechildren*sdifficultyworkingtogether(D)Ariolousmomentinthefamily'shome(E)Adesireonthechildren'sparttocreatehavocCCUnauthorizedcopyingorreusoofCC，13.Inline21,“allowed”mostnearlymeans（八）assigned(B)permitted(C)acknowledged(D)considered(E)admitted14.Theauthorusesasinglewordasanentireparagraph(line26)primarilyinorderto（八）drawattentiontotheevocativepowerthenamehadfortheauthor(B)demonstratetheauthor*sdifficultyintalkingabouthisbrother(C)presentaconciseinterpretationofamemorableevent(D)emphasizethemother*slimitedexpectationsforherchildren(E)signalasuddenshifttoatopicunconnectedtothefamily15.Howdoesthereferencetoa“shadow"inline36contributetotheportraitofDennis?（八）Itsuggestsasinisteraspectofhispersonality.(B)Itindicatesthedismaytheyoungersiblingsfeltinhispresence.(C)lconveysIheawewithwhichthefamilyviewedhim.(D)Itemphasizeshisabsolutecontroloverthefamily.(E)ItalludestohisawarenessOfhissuperiorstatus.16.Theauthorusesthename*,Dennis,*repeatedlyinlines45-46primarilyoconveythe（八）intensitywithwhichthesiblingsmissedtheirbrother(B)mother*sinsistencethatthechildrenfollowthesamepath(C)children,sexcitementovertheirbrother'scareerchoice(D)mother'sexaggeratedregardforherson(E)memorieshecherishedofhisbrother17.Inline59,*ithesystem*refersto（八）educationalopportunities(B)medicaltraining(C)majorlabormovements(D)certaineffortsatpoliticalreform(E)thepowrstructureatthetime18.ThestatementthatDennis*kepthiswaroutofthehouset,(lines59-60)mostdirectlymeansthathe（八）protectedhisfamilyfromdangersoutsidethehome(B)minimizedhisacademicstruggleswhenhewaswithhisfamily(C)refusedtopa11icipatein(hefamily'spoliticaldiscussions(D)avoidedargumentswithhismotherinfrontofhissiblings(E)refrainedfrominvolvinghisfamilyinhissocialactivism-in-A O/t Ztx Questions19-24arehasedonthefollowingpa*isage.ThefiMluWlngpassagehasbeenadaptedfromqrecentbookonhowtoevaluatestrangenewscientifictheories.Asascientist,Ihavealwayshadanaffinityforcrazyideas.ButeventheweirdestLheonesofsciencemustpassonerigoroustestorbediscarded:theirpredictionsmustbeUminagreementwithphenomenaobservedinthePhySiCal5world.Well,atleastthatistheideal.Sometimesdevelopersofnewtheoriesfindwaystomodifytheirtheoriesinordertokeepthemalive,evenwhentheirinitialpredictionsdonotworkout.Andsometimesscientistsconcocttheoriesincapableofbeingtestedintheirlifetime,orwithouttheIOexpenditureofbillionsofdollarstobuildtheapparatusneededtotesttheirideas.(Theoristsdonotintentionallyseekideas(hawillproveveryexpensiveordifficulttotest.Itisjustthatmostoftheeasystuffhasalreadybeendone.)Scientistswhodevelopcrazynewtheorieshavea/5SiraiigerelationshipwithIheircreations.Ontheonehand,theywishtopromotethemandconvincetheircolleaguesofthetheories'VaIidiIyandpossiblywinfame,fortune,andrespectintheprocess.Yet,inorderioaccomplishthisgoal,thedeveloperofanewtheorymustdoeverythingpossible20toprovethetheoryisincorrect,finditsflaws,andevenmakeanyweaknessesknowntothecommunily.Inreality,whenitcomestotheirownpcttheories,somescientistsmayactmoreaspromotersthanasflawfindersButsuchactionsoftenbackfireamongcolleagues,whocanbe25countedoniosuechenewideastoespeciallyseverescrutiny.1confess1haveastrongaffinityforoneofthenewcrazyideas:tachyonshypotheticalparticlesthattravelfasterthanthespeedoflight.Because1havedonesome丸originalresearchon(hesubject.Iwouldbeextraordinarilypleasedifitturnsoutthattachyonsactuallyduexist.Nevertheless,eventhoughImaybeatachyonenthusiast.1havealsotriedtobeatachyoncritic,searchingforflawsandweaknesseswherevertheyexist.35Unfortunately,noialltheoriescanbep>venrightorwrongsomearesimplyuntestablc.or*4unfalsifiable.>,HerearetwoexamplesofUntestabletheories:(I)inanimateobjectshavefeelings,buttheyhavenowaytocommunicatethem;and(2)faster-than-Iighlparticlesexist,JobuttheyhavenomteracxionWiIhordinary1matter.Wemaychsetobelieveordisbelievesuchuntestableideas,buttheyarcoutsidetherealmofsciencebecausetheyarenotfalsifiable.Ultimately,thegreatmajorityofstrangeideasthatare,5testablearesimplywrong.Foreveryrcrazyideathatleadstoagreatrevolutionarybreakthrough,thereprobablyarethousandsthatleadtoblindalleys.Unfortunately,itmaybeonlyinrerospeclIhatwecandetermineinwhichofthesecategoriesanewideabelongs.19.Tlieauthofsgenera!attitudetowardcrazyideasinscienceisoneofawestruckvenerationmeasuredreceptivityfeignedskepticismmildirritationstrongresistance20.Inline12,*,provemostnearlymean、（八）bearout(B)turnout(C)scrutinize(D)validate(E)establish21.Inline13.the“easystuff°refersto（八）theoriesthatcanbetestedbyreadilyaccessibleobservations(B)Startlinghypothesesthatcanbeclearlyexplainedinlaylanguage(C)importanttheoreticalbreakthroughsinthefoundationsofscience(D)simplisticob<½rvationsthatyieldlittleinthewayofsignificantresults(E)newscientificpredictionsthatdonotstrikethelaypersonascrazy22.Inthefinalsentenceofthesecondparagraph(lines2326),theauthorsuggeststhat（八）thoroughtestingofascientifictheoryisfrequentlycompromised(B)themoreradicalanewtheoryis,themorerigorousthetestingitwillface(C)subtlepromotionofanewideacanbemoreimportantforitsacceptancethantestingis(D)atheorydesignedtobedifficuitotestisrarelyappreciatedbyotherscientists(E)uncriticaladvocacyofone