剑桥雅思真题 2.docx

加加CVC"<MiHOWSHOULDYINTERPRETYOURSCORES?11theAnswerkeyattheendoftheeachsetofListeningandReadinganswersyouwillfindachartWhiChWillhelpyou婚SCSSitonthebasisofyourpracticetestresults,youarcreadytotaketheIELTSexam.11interpretingyourscore,thereareanumberofpointsyoushouldbearinmind.YoiirperfbnanceinrherealIELTStestwillbereportedintwoways:therewillbeaBandScoreIkflllIto9foreachofthemodulesandanOrerallBandScorefrom1to9,whichistheaverageofyourscoresinthefourtnodules.However,institutionsconsideringyourapplicationareadvisedtolookatboththeOverallBandandtheBandsforeachmodule,Theydothi$inordertoswifyouhaveIhClanguagekillneededfbraparticularcourseofstudy.FDrexample,ifyourcoursehasaIDtofreadingandwriting,butnolectures,listeningcomprehensionmightbelessimportantandascoreof5inListeningmightbeacceptableiftheOverallBandScorewas7.However,foracoursewheretherearelotsoflecturesandspokeninstructionsascoreof5inListeningmightbeunacceptableeventhoughtheOxrerallBandScorewas7.O11ccyouhavemarkedyourpapersyouShoUldhavesomeideaOrwhetheryourListeningandReadingMillsarcgoodCnoUghf*youIaLTythereal1ELTStest.Ifyoudidwellenoughinonemodulebutnotinothers,youwillhavetodecideforyourselfwhetheryouarereadytotakethepropertestyet,ThCPraCLiCCTdhavebeencheckedsothattheyarcaboutthesameIcVClQfdifficultyastherealIELTStest-Howeverwccannotguaranteethatyour$grCinthePracticeTestpaperswillbereflectedintherealIELTStest.ThePracticeTestscanonlygiveyouanideaofyourpossiblefutureperformanceanditisultimatelyuptoycutomakedecisionsbasedcnyourscore.DivntinstitutionacceptdivntIELTSscoresfordiflfcrcnttypesofcourses,WChavebasedourrecommendationsontheaveragescoreswhichthemajorityofinstitutionsaccept.Theinstitutiontowhichyouareapplyingmay,ofcourse,requireahigherorlowerscorethanmostotherinstitutions.SampleanswersormodelanswersareprovidedfortheWritingtask.ThesampleanswerswerewrittenbyIELTScandidates：eachanswerhasbeengivenabandscoreandthecandidateperformanceisdescribed.Pleasenotethattheexaminer'sguidelinesfbrmarkingtheWritingscriptsareverydetailed.Therearemanydifferentwaysacandidatemayachieveaparticularbandscore.ThCFnodClanswersWerCwrillcbyanexaminerasexamplesCfverygoodanswers,butitisimportanttounderstandthattheyarejustoneexampleoutofmanypossibleapproaches.Test1SECTION1Questions/-/0Questions1-5CoMpletetheforme/ou,.WhteNOMORETHANONEWORDORANUMBERforeachanswerVIDEOLIBRARYAPPLICATIONFORMEXAMPLEANSWERSurnameJonesFirstnames:LouiseCynthiaAddress:Apartment1,72(1)StreetHighbridgePostcode:(2)Telephone:98356712(home)(3)(work)Driverlicencenumber:(4)Dateofbirth:Day:25thMonth:(5)Year:1977Questions68CircleTHREElettersA-FWliattypesoffilmsdoesLouiselike?AActionBComediesCMusicalsDRomanceEWesternsFWildlifeQuestions9and10WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSfbreachanswer.9Howmuchdoesitcosttojointhelibrary?10WhenwillLouise,scardbeready?Questions"-/3Completethenofesbelow,WnteNOMoRETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.ExpeditionAcrossAttoraMountains1.eader:ChadeS5mPrepareda(11)forthetripTotalICngIhoftrip(12)Climbedhighestpeakin(13).Questions/4GHd/5CircletheconnectlettersA-C.14Whattookthegroupbysurprise?theamountofrainBthenumberofpossibleroutesCthelengthofThejourney15HowdidCharlesfeelabouthavingtoChangeroutes?AHereluctantlyacceptedit.BHcwasiilaLvdbyIhCdiversion.CItmadenodifferencetohisenjoyment,Questions1618CircleTHREEletterA-F.WhaldocsCharlcsayabouthisfriends'?AHemetthem肌onestageonthetrip.BTheykeptalltheirmeetingarrangements.COneoflhcmhelpedarrangethetransport.DOneofthemwedLhChoteltheystayedin.ESomeofthemtravelledwithhim.FOnlyonegrouplastedthe96days.Questions 19 and 20Circle THrO letters 力-£What does Charles say about the donkeys?SECTION3Questions21-30Questions2125A He rode them when he WaS tired, B He named them after places.C One of them died.D They behaved Unpredictably.E They were very small.Completethetabiebehw.IIMJANEDay of arrivalSundayQILSubjectHistorjr(22k.Number of bks to readQ3Q4.Dajr of first lectureTuesdayQ5JIVriteNoMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.Questions26-30WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachGmte匚26WlIatiNJaiiey$iUdyStrategyinlectures?27WhatisTimtsstudystrategyforreading?28WhatisthesubjectofTin,sfirstlecture?29WhatisthetitleofTin,sfirstessay?30WhatKthesubjectofJane'sfirstessay?SECTION4Questions31-40Questions36-40Questions3135Conipletethetablebelow.1NniQtheappropriatetettersA-GagainstQuestionsS6-40.CourseTjpeofcourse:uralinandMelEntryIfeqUiemen嘱PhysicalFitnessInstructorExampleSix-monthcertificateNoneSportsAdministrator(31)(32)insportsadministrationSPoHjiPsyeliologislif33)Degreeinpsvch'lc'KVPhysicalKducatiotiFour-yeardegreein(34)TeachereducationRecreationOfficer(35)NoneCompleietheIuhiebelow.H,M。MoRETHANTHREEWORDSforeachatxwef.JoMainrolePhysicalFitnessInstructor(36)SportsAdministrator07)SportsPsychologist(38)PhysicalEducationTeacher(39)RecreationOfficer(40).MAINROLESBDFGthecoachingofteamsthesupportofeliteathletesguidanceofordinaryindividualscommunityhealththetreatmentofinjuriesarrangingmatchesandvenuestheroundeddevelopmentofchildrenREADINGPASSAGE1YoushGuidspendiibaut26minutes0Questions3whicharebasedonReadingPayynge/bef(tw,AlRPORTSONVWmRiverdeltasaredifficultplacesft>mapmakers.TheriveruildsIhUmup,theseawearsthemdown;theiroutlinesarcalwayschanging.ThechangesinChina1sPearlRiverdelta,however,aremoredramaticthanthesenaturalfluctuations.AnislandsixkilometreslongandWithaEtaareaof1248hectaresisbeingcreatedthere.Andthecivilengineersarea$interestedMperformanceasinspeedandsize.ThiSisabitofthedeltathattheywanttoendure.ThenewislandofChekLaPKok,thesiteofHongKonglsnewairport,isS?3%compeie.ThegiantdumperIrUCkSrumblingacrossitwillhavefinishedIheirjobbyth亡middleofIhiSyearandtheairportitselfwillbebuiltatasimilarlybreakneckpace.AsChekLaPKokrises,however,anotherrewAsianislandissinkingackintoIhesea.Thisisa52仆-hectareislandbuiltinOsakaHay,Japan,thatservesastheplatformforthenewKansaiairport.ChekLapKokwasbuiltinadifferentway,andthushopestoavoidthesamesinkingfate.TheusualwaytoreclaimlandistopilesandrockonIotheWblXLWhertheseabedoozeswithud1thisisratherlikeplacingatetbookonaWeISPGnge二theweightsqueezesthewatercut1causingbothwaterandspongetosettlelower.Thesettlementisrarelyeven:diftcrcpartssinkatdi11cruirales.Sobuildings、PiPgrsadsandsoQIltendtobuckleandcrack.YoUcanengineeraroundtheseproblems,oryoucanengineerthemout.Kansaitookthefirstapproach;ChekLaPKokistakingthesecond.Thedifferencesarebothpoliticalandgeological.KatisaiwasupposedtobebuiltjsOnekilometrecfTshore,whereIhUseabedisquitesolid.Fishermenroee<kandIheSitewasShiftedafurtherfivekilometres.Thalputilindeeperwater(arnund20metres)andaboveaseabedIhatconsoledof20metresofSOnalluvialsiltandmuddeposits.Wcrsefbe1witwasanct-ve*y-firmglacialdeposithundredsofmetresthick.IheKansaibuildersrecognisedthatsettlementwasinevitable.SandwasdrivenintoIheWatICdtostrengthenitbeforethelandfillwasPiIedonIoptinHnatlempltoslowIheprocess;butthishasnotbeenaseflcriveashadbeenhoped.Tocopewithsettlement,Kansai'sgiantterminalissupportedon900pillars.EaCbofthemcanbeindividuallyjackedup,allowingwedgestobeaddedunderneath.Thatisca11rtokeepthebuildinglevel.HUtitcouldbeatrickytask.ConditionsaredifferentatChekLapKok.Therewassomelandtheretobeginwith,theoriginallittleislandofChekLapKokandasmalleroutcropcalledLamChau.Betweenthem,thesetweoutcropsofhard.WealhUredZraniiemakeupaquart盯ofIhenewisland'ssurlacearea,UriforiiiiiaLeIy,betweentheislandsIliereWaSalayerofsoilmud,27metresthickinplaces.AccordingIoFransUiterwijk,aDUIChrnanWhoistheproiecsreclamationdirector,itwouldhavebeenpossibleloleavethismudbelowthereclaimedland,andtodealwidIheresultingsettlementbytheKansaimethod.ButtheconsortiumthatWpntheconlractfortheislandoptedibramoreaggressiveapproach.IlassembledtheworldslatestfleetOfdredgers,whichsuckedup150mcubicmetresofclayndmudanddumpedilindeeperwaters.AlIhcsametime,sandwasddgedfromthewatersandpiledontopofthelayerofSMTdaythattheInaSSiVedredginghadhidbare.Norwasthesandtheonlythingused.Theorigingraniteislandwhichhadhill$upto120metreshighwasdrilledandblaskdintobouldersnobiggerthantwometresindiameter.Thisprvidcd70mcubicmetrvsQfgranitetoaddtotheisland'sfbundatiQnS-BCCinlsCIheheapobouldersdoesnofillthespaceperfectly,thisrepresentstheequivalentoflSmcubicmetresoflandfill.MostOftherockwillbecomethefoundationsfortheairport's11i11waysanditstaxiways.ThCsanddredgedfromthewaterswillalsobeusedtoprovideatwo-metreCaPPinglayeroverthegraniteplatform.ThismakesileasierforutilitiestodigLrenchcs*graniteisunyieldingAiffMostoftheterminalbuildMgSwillbepacodabovetheSitCoftheexistingisland.Onlyalimitedamountofpile-drivingisneededtosupportbuildingfoundationsaboveSOfiCrareas.ThecompletedislandwillbesixtosevenmcrcsaboveSCakvd.Inall,350mCUbiCmetresofmaterialwillhavebeenmoved.Andmuchofit,liketheoverloads,hastbemovedseveraltimesbeS弹reachingit$finalrestingplace.Fqrexample,therehastobeRmotcrvaycapableOfcarrying150tncdump'(cks;andtherehastobearaisedWCafthe15.000c0structionworkers.Thesearetemporary;theywillberemovedwhentheairportisfinished.Theairport,though,isheretostay.Toprotccit,thenewcoastlineisbeingbolsteredwithafrmidabletwelvekiloetresofSeadefences.ThebruntofatyphoonwillbedcHcctedbytheneighbouringislandofLantaui由亡seaWaIlSshouldguardagainsttherest.Gentlerbutmorepersistentbadweather-thedownpoursofthesummermonsoon-isakobeingtakenintoaccount.Amat-likematerialcalledgeotextileisbeingIaidacrosstheislandtoseparatetherockaridSandlayers.ThatwillstopSandpaniclesfrombeingwashedintothekvoids,andsocausingfurthersettlementThisislandisbeingbuiltnevertobesunk.Questions 69Complete Zhelahelson Diagram B 方/。例Choose your answersfiom the box below the diagram and write them in boxes 6-9 OnyoItr answersheel.NB Therearemore words/phrases than spaces, soyou willnot use them aDIAGRM ACoses-SectionoftheoriginaiareaaroundchckLapKokbcfbreworkbcgatiQuestions75ClassifythefollowingstatementsasapplyingtoAChekLaPKokairportonlyBKansaiairportonlyCBothairportsWritetheappropriatelettersA-Cinboxes5onyouranswersheet.ExampleAnswerbuiltonaman-madeislandC1havinganareaofover1000hectares2builtinariverdelta3builtintheopensea4builtbyreclaimingland5builtusingconventionalmethodsofreclamationDIAGRAMBCross-sectionofthesameareaatthetimetheartic!ewaswrittengranitemudterminalbuildingsitesandrunwaysandtaxiwayswaterstiffclayQuestions10-13Completethesummarybelow.ChooseyouranswersfromtheboxbelowtheJtummaryfandwritetheminboxes/673onyorGnswerxheet.N8Therearemetrewordsthanspaces,wJxWwillnfusethemail.AnswerWhenthenewChckLapKokairporthasbeencompleted,theraisedareaandLhC.(Example),.willberemoved.1.motorwayTheislandwillbepartiallyprotectedfromstormsby(10).andalsoby(U),.Furthersettlementcausedby.(12)willbepreventedbytheUSCof.(13).,constructionworkerscoastlinedump-trucksgeotextilerainfallLantauIslandmotorwayrockand帛androckVOidSseawallstyphoonsREADINGPASSAGE2FohsAohIdspeHdubGHtZOminUtesonQuesMokS/4-27whcharebasedonReadingPctssage2QHthefbUowftijpages.Questions1418Readingpq"wre2has.krparagraphsR<Ffrom汕已fofheadingbelowChooseiht!woJtttilabieheadingsforpuraraphaB-FfromtheIifitofheadingsbelow.Writetheappropriatenumbers(i-ix)inboxes14-18(?«jvwranswersheet.SBTherearemoreheadingsIhanparagraphstsoyouwittnotusethemall.1.istofHeadingsiOttawaInternationalConferenceonHCaIIhPromotionIlHOliStiCapproachIUhealthiiiTheprimaryimportanceofenvironmentalfactorsivHealthylistylesapproachtohealthvChangesinconceptsofhealthinWesternsocietyViPreventionofdiseasesandillnessViiOttawaCharterforHealthPromotionviiiDefinitionofhealthinmedicaltermsixSocie-CcologicalviewOrhealthExampJeAnswerParagraphA*14ParagraphB15ParagraphC16ParagraphD17ParagraphE18ParagraphFChangingourUnderstandingofHealthATheconceptofhealthholdsdifferentmeaningsfordifferentpeopleandgroups.Thesemeaningsofhealthhavealsochangedovertime.ThischangeisnomoreevidentthaninWesternsocietytoday,whennotionsofhealthandhealthpromotionarebeingchallengedandexpandedinnewways.BFormuchofrecentWesternhistory,healthhasbeenviewedinthephysicalsenseonly.Thatislgoodhealthhasbeenconnectedtothesmoothmechanicaloperationofthebody,whileillhealthhasbeenattributedtoabreakdowninthismachine.Healthinthissensehasbeendefinedastheabsenceofdiseaseorillnessandisseeninmedicalterms.Accordingtothi$view,creatinghealthforpeoplemeansprovidingmedicalcaretotreatorpreventdiseaseandillness.Duringthisperiod,therewasanemphasisonprovidingcleanwater,improvedsanitationandhousing.CInthelate1940stheWorldHealthOrganisationchallengedthisphysicallyandmedicallyorientedviewofhealth.Theystatedthat'healthisacompleteStateofphysical,mentalandsocialwell-beingandisnotmerelytheabsenceofdisease1(WHO,1946).Healthandthepersonwereseenmoreholistically(mind/body/spirit)andnotjustinphysicalterms.DThe1970swasatimeOffocusingonthepreventionQfdiSeaSeandillnessbyemphasisingtheimportanceofthelifestyleandbehaviouroftheindividual.Specificbehaviourswhichwereseentoincreaseriskofdisease,suchassmoking,lackoffitnessandunhealthyeatinghabits,weretargetedCreatinghealthmeantprovidingnotonlymedicalhealthcare,buthealthpromotionPrograESandpolicieswhichwouldhelppeoplemaintainhealthybehavioursandlifestyles.Whilethisindividualistichealthylifestylesapproachtohealthworkedforsome(tewealthymembersofsociety)1peopleexperiencingpoverty,unemployment,underemploymentorlittlecontrolovertheconditionsoftheirdailylivesbenefitedlittlefromthisapproach.Thiswaslargelybecauseboththehealthylifestylesapproachandthemedicalapproachtohealthlargelyignoredthesocialandenvironmentalconditionsaffectingthehealthofpeople.EDuring1980sand1990stherehasbeenagrowingswingawayfromseeinglifestylerisksastherootcauseofpoorhealth.Whilelifestylefactorsstillremainimportant,healthisbeingviewedalsointermsofthesocial,economicAndenvironmentalcontextsinwhichpeoplelive.ThisbroadapproachtohealthisCalIedthesocio-ecologcalviewofhealth.Thebroadsocio-ecologicalviewofhealthwasendorsedatthefirstInternationalConferenceofHealthPromotionheldin19861Ottawa1Canada,wherepeoplefrom38countriesagreedanddeclaredthat:Thefundamentalconditionsandresourcesforhealtharepeace,shelter,education,food,aviableincome,astableeco-systemlsustainableresources,socialjusticeandequity.Improvementinhealthrequiresasecurefoundationinthesebasicrequirements.(WHO.1986)ItiSCtearfromthisstatementthatthecreationofhealthisaboutmuchmorethanencouraginghealthyindividualbehavioursandlifestylesandprovidingappropriatemedicalcare.Therefore,thecreationofhealthmustincludeaddressingissuessuchaspoverty,pollution,urbanisation,naturalresou