2018年04月自学考试00096《外刊经贸知识选读》试题.docx

2018年4月高等教育自学考试外刊经贸知识选读试题课程代码：00096一、单项选择题1. ThepatternofChina'sforeigntradehaschangedSUbStantialIysinceChinaopenedtotheoutsideworld.A.considerablyB.partiallyC.scarcelyD.suddenly2. TheSOPhiStiCationoftheindustrialstructureneedsthesupportofadvancedtechnology.A.buildingB.upgradeC.completionD.reform3. AnumberofcountriesintheEUareCOnfrontedwithdebtproblems.A.angryB.disappointedC.concernedD.faced4. Byopeningthedistricttoforeigninvestments,competitionwasintroducedintoitseconomy.D. imposedD. freeD.changingD. dampenA.exclusiveB.recommendedC.brought5. Ifanenterpriseiswithinthezone,itwillenjoyapreferentialtaxrate.A.highB.favoredC.low6. Americanindustrywasboomingbytheautumnof1942.A.flourishingB.diminishingC.decreasing7. Asurplusofexportsoverimportswillboostemployment.A.influenceB.harmC.promote8. IncreaseinChina*sgrowthratehelpedtoSUStainhighrateofgrowthintheEastAsianregion.A.createB.getC.pushD.maintain9. GovernmentDrOCUrementofrecycledpaperstimulatesrecycling.A.spendingB.purchasingC.supportingD.propaganda10. AsEurope'seconomyhassoured,free-marketideasfacenewchallenges.A.developedB.changedC.worsenedD.grown11. Whatthecommunityhadcompletedwasthelegalframework,butnottheblueprintforhowthesinglemarketwouldactuallywork.A.stepB.planC.wayD.goal12. In1992,ChinaOUStedtheUStobecomethesecondlargestexportertotheemirate.A.followedB.caughtC.expelledD.replaced13. ThedraftagreementConlainSmanysensiblenewrulesforglobaltrade.A.concludesB.includesC.excludesD.continues14. UnStabIecrudepricespromptedfallsinplatinumandgold.A.steadyB.unsuitableC.unbearableD.unsteady15. ThisyearthecompanyhikedSprite'sadvertisingbudgetto$40million.A. roseB. slashedC. raisedD.reduced二、判断题Passage1OnGATT-WTOConclusionsoftheUruguayRoundaretrulyatriumphinadversity.Securingagreementamongsomanycountriesonsuchacomplexraftoftradeagreementsfrequentlyseemedaninsuperablechallengeinthepastyears.Tohavedoneitatatimeofsluggishgrowth,politicaluncertaintyandprotectionistpressuresisanextraordinaryachievement.Whatevertheshortcomingsoftheresult,theoriginalvisionofabroadexpansionofinternationaltradelawisnowmuchclosertofulfillment.MoreremarkablystillsoisthedreamthatdrovethefoundingfathersoftheGeneralAgreementonTariffsandTrade:thatofaliberal,rules-basedinternationaltradingsystemoverseenbyanauthoritativeworldtradeorganization.JustastheGATThelpedfostereconomicintegrationandgrowthinthepostwardecades,thenewagreementshouldprovidepowerfulunderpinningfortheworldeconomy,freshimpetustocompetition,freshhopeforthosedevelopingandformercommunistcountriesthathavebeenopeninguptointernationalcommerce.Severalindividualsdeservecredit.Mr.PeterSutherlandandbeforehimMr.ArthurDunkel,GAITdirectors-general,workedtirelesslytocajolerecalcitrants-especialIytheUSandEU-intosettlingdifferences.Mr.MickeyKantor,UStraderepresentative,hasdispelledthemostseriousdoubtsabouthisandtheadministration'scommitmenttomultilateralfreetrade.SirLeoBrittan,theEuropeantradecommissioner,playedadifficulthandwithconsummateskillandbyluringFranceintothefold,arguablysavedtheUnionfromapoliticalcrisisofalarmingproportions.16. ItwasnotdifficultforthemembercountriesoftheGATTtoreachanagreementontrade.17. AlthoughtheagreementreachedintheUruguayRoundnegotiationisbelievedtobearemarkableachievement,itoffersnothingnewtotheworldeconomy.18. OneofthefunctionsofWTOistomonitorthataliberal,rules-basedinternationaltradingsystemisobservedbymembercountries.19. TheUruguayRoundofnegotiationmovedastepforwardtothebroadexpansionofinternationaltradelaw.20. ThememberstatesofEuropeanUnion,whichnegotiatedasoneparty,tookaunanimousstandonallquestionsfrombeginningtoendintheUruguayRound.Passage2Globalization:WhoBenefitsfromIt?WeshouldbeaskingiftheUSAisharmedbyglobalizafion.Ifso,howcanitberemedied?Althoughinternationaltradeitselfisgenerallybeneficialtoparticipatingnations,atradedeficitisalwayseconomicallydetrimentaltothenation*seconomy.TheUSA'stradedeficitofgoodsbasbeenannuallyincreasingforoverahalfcentury.There*snoreasontobelieveitwillnotcontinuetodosoaswecontinuetoseekpurefreetrade.ForoverabarfcenturytheUSA'scontinuouslyincreasingannualtradedeficitsofgoodshavebeensuchasignificantcatalyst.OurannualGDPandmedianwages（平均工资）havebeenlessthanotherwiseduetoourpursuitofpureunrestrictedfreetrade.Atradedeficit'sdetriment（损害）totheGDPgreatlyexceedstheamountofthedeficititself.Thisisitsmultipliereffect.AnyharmtotheGDPaffectsthemedianwage.IftheUSCongressdetermineswepracticeglobalcharily,itshouldbefundedbyallUSUxpayersratherthanitsgreaterproportionateburdenuponlowerwageandsalaryearningfamilies.In2003WarrenBuffett'sconcepttoSignificanfiydecreasetheUSA,stradedeficitofgoodswaspublished.Theself-fundingproposalismarketratherthangovernmentdrivenandrequiresnoconstitutionalamendment.ItwillincreaseratherthandecreasetheUSA,Saggregatesumofimportsplusexports.Wecanenjoycheapimportsandagreaterpurchasingpowerbroughtaboutbyhighermedianwages.21. TheUSA'stradedeficitofgoodshasbeenannuallyrisingforoveracentury.22. Ifitwerenotforitscontinuouslyincreasingannualtradedeficits,theUSA'sannualGDPandmedianwageswouldhavebeenhigher.23. IftheUSCongressdeterminestheypracticeglobalcharily,itshouldbefundedbyallUStaxpayersequally.24. WarrenBuffettobjectedtothesignificantdecreaseofUSA'stradedeficitofgoods.25. Theself-fundingproposalisgovernmentdrivenandrequiresnoconstitutionalmendment.三、将下列中文词组译成英文26. 国民收入27. 优惠税率.28. 生活水平29. 国内生产总值30. 兼并31. 经济衰退32. 自由贸易33. 新兴工业34. 试销35. 资本市场四、将下列英语单词或词组译成中文36. jointventure37. theSpecialEconomicZone38. commercialhub39. portfolioinvestment40. countervailingduty41. macroeconomicfactors42. braintrust43. baby-boomers44. infrastructure45. OrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment五、简答题Passage1Gold:lower.AfterCOminginforearlySUDDOrlonnewsofstrikeactionaffectingminesbelongingtogoldfieldsofSouthAfrica,valuesdeclinedinlinewithplatinumandNeWYorkadvicesasminerswereencouragedtoreturntoworkbymanagementpromisesofnegotiation.Thefallinoilpricesalsobroughtpressuretobearbutgoodresistanceataroundthe400dollarsperouncelevelpermittedabriefrally.However,valuessufferedalatedeclinetobelow400dollarsperounceinlinewithNewYorkasthedollarStrengthenedOnnewsOfadeclineintheU.S.budgettradeandaCUtinthebankOfJapan'sdiscountrate.46. Whatdoes"cominginforearlysupport"mean?47. Whatmeaningdoestheword"advice"carryinthegivencontext?Andwhatwere"NewYorkadvices"?48. "",thedollarstrengthenedonnewsofadeclineintheU.S.budgettradeandacutintheBankofJapan'sdiscountrate."Howcouldtheabove-mentioneddevelopmentshelpstrengthenthedollar?Passage2Inthissense,SouthKoreaistreadingapathnottakenbyJapan.WhileJapaneseinterestsspantheglobe,fewforeignfirmshavesuccessfullypenetratedJapan'shometurf.Korea,loo,hasalegacyofxenophobia;andtheKoreansareclearlywaryofopeningtheirmarketstohigh-poweredWesterncompetitors.Buttheyaretentativelydoingjustthat,sofarwithamomentumunmatchedbyJapan.TheaimistodefusetheprotectionistpressuresthathavehobbledU.S.-Japanesetraderelationsand,intime,toentertheranksoftheworld'sdevelopednations.That'snosmallorder,buttheKoreansthinkitcanbefilledfairlysimply.Atbottom,saysNamDueWoo,chairmanoftheKoreaTradersAssociation,SouthKoreaneedsonly"somedegreeofSWeaIandsomedegreeoftechnologicalSODhiStiCatiOn."Andthat'spreciselywhathasalreadyIiftedKOreaJnC.intocontention.49. Whatdoesthewritermeanbytheword"sweat"?50. Whatdoes"technologicalsophistication"refertohere?51. Canyouexplain"liftedKorea,Inc.intocontention"?六、翻译题52. U.S.governmentofficialsworrythattheexplosivegrowthincountertradewillweakentheworldtradingsystem.Byconcealingtherealpricesandcostsoftransactions,saysoneU.S.traderepresentative,thevariousformsofbartermayconcealandhelpperpetuateeconomicinefficienciesinthemarketplace.Bartercanalsoberiskybusiness."Manycompanies,"saysDavidYoffie,sufferlossesbecausethey'restuckwithproductsofpoorqualityorwiththewrongspecifications."Internationaltradebybarteris,accordingtosomeexperts,aninefficientandexpensivemeansofdoingbusinesscomparedtotradingwithmoney.Ontheotherhand,someotherexpertsassertthattheriseofcountertradeprovidespracticalsolutionstothedebtproblemsoftheinternationalmonetarysystem.