美国名人 土匪 弗兰克与杰西詹姆斯.docx

美国名人土匪弗兰克与杰西詹姆斯FrankandJesseJamesplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-14:46repeatByPaulThompson2005-2-12VOICEONE:PeopleinAmerica,aprograminSpecialEnglishbytheVoiceofAmerica.(THEME)TwoofthemostfamousoutlawsoftheoldAmericanwestwerebrothers.mTonyRiggs.Today,MauriceJoyceandItellaboutFrankandJesseJames.WebegintheirstoryonacolddayinFebruary,eighteensixty-six.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:1.iberty,Missouri.Twoo'clockintheafternoon.(SFX)Twelvemenonhorsesrideslowlyintotown.Theirhatsarelowontheirfaces.TheystopinfrontoftheClayCountySavingsBank.Twoofthemengetofftheirhorsesandenterthebank.Thebankmanagerasksifhecanhelpthem.Thetwomenpulloutgunsfromundertheirheavycoats.Theydemandmoney.Inlessthantwominutes,theyreturntothestreet.Nowthegangisinagreathurry.Alltwelvemenbeginshooting.(SFX)Severalpeoplearewounded.Ayoungcollegestudentiskilled.(SFX)(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Whathappenedonthatdaywasthefirstbankrobbery,duringbusinesshours,inpeacetime,intheUnitedStates.HistorybookssaythetwomenwhowentintothebankwereFrankJamesandhisyoungerbrotherJesse.Butthiswasneverproved.FrankandJesseJamestoldlawmentheywerehomethatday.Severaloftheirfriendsconfirmedthestory.Trueornot,duringthenextsixteenyears,theJamesbrothersdidbecometwoofthemostfamousoutlawsinAmerica.VOICETWO:Historyexpertssaytheyrobbedatleasttwelvebanks,perhapsmanymore.Theystoppedseventrains,takingmoneyfrompassengersandtheUnitedStatesPostalService.Theyrobbedasmanyassevenstagecoaches,thehorse-pulledvehiclesusedbackthenaspublictransportation.TheytraveledfromtheirhomeinClayCounty,Missouri,toMinnesotaintheNorthandtoTexasintheWest.Hundredsoflawmenhuntedthem.ButtheJamesBrotherswerenevercaught.Muchlater,theirstorywastoldinsongs.(MUSIC)WhowereFrankandJesseJames?Whyweretheysofamous?VOICEONE:FrankandJessewerethesonsofRobertJames,areligiousministerwhoownedafarminClayCountyzMissouri.PeoplewhoknewthefamilysaidtheJamesboyswerepoliteandfriendly.AtleastuntilthetimeofAmerica'sCivilWar.ManypeopleinMissouribelievedinthecauseofthesouthern,orConfederate,statesduringtheCivilWar.However,MissouriwasontheborderbetweentheNorthandtheSouth.AlmostasmanypeopletheresupportedtheUnionastheConfederacy.TerriblefightingtookplaceinMissouriandinotherborderstates.Guerrillagroupsfrombothsideswereresponsibleforthefighting.VOICETWO:HistoryexpertssaymuchoftheviolenceintheAmericanWestwasaresultofthesituationaftertheCivilWar.ManyformerConfederatesoldiersreturnedhome,butdidnotputdowntheirguns.Theycontinuedtofightwhattheysawassymbolsofnorthernoppression.Theseincludedbanksandrailroads.Manylocalpeopleagreedwiththeformersoldiersandsupportedthem.AlackofgovernmentcontrolintheWestalsoledtoincreasedviolenceafterthewar.Recordsshowthatviolentcrimeincreasedatthattimebyasmuchasfiftypercent.VOICEONE:FrankandJesseJamesareperhapsthemostfamousexamplesofthesoldier-turned-outlaw.DuringtheCivilWar,theJamesfamilysufferedattacksbyUnionguerrillas.Asawayoffightingback,FrankandJessebecameConfederateguerrillas.Theyrodewithtwoofthemostviolentguerrillagroups.AftertheWarztheycontinuedtheirviolentways.TheJamesbrotherswereextremelysuccessful.Theirgangrodeforsixteenyears.Hundredsofgovernmentlawmentriedtocatchthem.AgentsoftheprivatePinkertonNationalDetectiveAgencytried,too.Butnoonedid.Mostlawmendidnotevenknowwhatthetwobrotherslookedlike.VOICETWO:JesseJamesenjoyedbeingfamous.Heoftenwroteletterstonewspapersdenyingthathewasguiltyofanycrime.Oncezheatedinnerwithawell-knownPinkertondetectivewhowassearchingforhim.ThedetectivegotabigsurpriselaterwhenheopenedaletterfromJesseJames.Jessesaidhowmuchheenjoyedtheirdinnertogether.Healsowishedhim'goodluck'!Storieslikethiswereprintedinnewspapersalloverthecountry.TheyhelpedMaketheJamesbrothersfamous.Peoplelikedthestories.Thosewhohadbeenrobbeddidnot.Soon,largeamountsofmoneywereofferedforthecaptureofFrankandJesseJames.ThestateofMissouriofferedasmuchastenhousanddollarsorthebrothers.deadoralive.VOICEONE:ItwaseasyfortheJamesbrotherstohideintheirhomearea.Yetmostoftentheyhidinlargecities.Manyyearslater,FrankJamestoldreportersthatitwaseasytohideinacity,becauseeveryonetherelookedlikeeverybodyelse.Whenoneplacebecametoodangerous,theJamesbrothersmovedtoanother.ThatwasonereasontheydecidedtogotoMinnesota.TheretheyplannedtorobthebankinthetownofNorthfield.FrankandJesserodetoNorthfieldwithsixfriends.Threeofthefriendswerebrothers:Cole,JimandBobYounger.LiketheJamesbrothers,theYoungerswereformerConfederateguerrillas,nowoutlaws.VOICETWO:Fromthebeginning,theirattemptedrobberyofthebankinNorthfieldwasafailure.First,whenJessedemandedmoneyfrombankworkers,theysaidthesafecouldnotbeopened.Next,thegangdecidedtogetoutoftownfast.ButthepeopleofNorthfieldknewsomethingwaswrong.Manyhadgonetotheirhomesorofficesfortheirguns.Thentheshootingbegan.Twomembersofthegangwerekilledintown.Anotherwaskilledlater.AndCole,JimandBobYoungerwerecaptured.OnlytwomenescapedFrankandJesseJames.Frankwaswounded,buthestayedonhishorse.LawmenchasedhimandhisbrotherformorethanaweekbeforetheyIosttheirtrail.Intheyearsthatfollowed,theJamesbrotherstriedagaintoformanothergang.Theywereneververysuccessful.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Ineighteeneighty-two,JesseJameswaslivinginSaintJoseph,Missouri,withhiswifeandchildren.PeopleknewhimasMisterHoward.Oneday,anotheroutlaw,BobFord,shothiminthebackofthehead.HekilledJesseJamesforthemoneythathadbeenofferedforhiscapture.BobFordnevercollectedthemoney.Hewastriedformurder,instead.Severalmonthslater,FrankJamessurrenderedtothegovernorofMissouri.Hewaschargedwithseveralcrimesandtriedtwotimes.Bothjuriesrefusedtofindhimguilty.VOICETWO:Cole,JimandBobYoungerspentmanyyearsinprisonfortheirpartintheNorthfield,Minnesota,raid.AfterColewasreleasedfromprison,heandFrankJamesearnedmoneybyspeakingtogroups.Theytoldabouttheirdaysasoutlaws.andtheevilsofcrime.FrankJameslivedtobeseventy-twoyearsold.Hediedinthesameroominwhichhewasborn,ontheJamesfamilyfarminClayCounty,Missouri.Today,thatfarmhouseisamuseumthattellsthestoryofthetwomostfamousoutlawsoftheAmericanWest.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:ThisSpecialEnglishprogramwaswrittenandproducedbyPaulThompson.YournarratorswereMauriceJoyceandTnyRiggs.ListenagainnextweektoanotherPeopleinAmericaprogramontheVoiceofAmerica.