美国名人 女演员 杰西卡·坦迪.docx

美国名人女演员杰西卡坦迪FromLondontoBroadwaytoHollywood:JessicaTandyplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:22repeatByNancySteinbach2005-8-13(MUSIC)VOICEONE:mShirleyGriffith.VOICETWO:AndmRichKleinfeldtwiththeSpecialEnglishprogram,PeopleinAmerica.Today,wetellthestoryofJessicaTandywhodiedinnineteenninety-four.Shewonmanyawardsforheractingduringthealmostseventyyearssheperformed.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:JessicaTandyprobablyisbestknownforwinninganAcademyAwardinnineteeneighty-nineforthemovie"DrivingMissDaisy.,Shewastheoldestpersontohavewontheaward.Butformanyyears,shehadreceivedpraiseforhergreatperformances.Tandyappearedinmorethanonehundredstageshows,twenty-fivemoviesandonmanytelevisionprogramsduringhersixty-sevenyearsofacting.MostofherperformanceswereintheUnitedStates,althoughshedidnotbecomeanAmericancitizenuntilnineteenfifty-four.VOICETWO:JessicaTandywasborninLondon,England,innineteen-oh-nine.Herfatherdiedwhenshewastwelveyearsold.Hermothertaughtandtookotherjobsatnighttomakeextramoneyforherthreechildren.Jessica'solderbrothersshowedaninterestinthetheater.TheywouldputonshowsintheirLondonhome.Jessicasaidlaterthatshewasterribleinallofthem.Butshesaidtakingpartinthoseplaysasachildcreatedadesireinhertobesomeoneelse.Jessicalovedgoingtothetheater.AndshelovedBritishwriterWilliamShakespeare.Yearslater;sheactedinmanyofShakespeare'splays,withgreatactorslikeJohnGielgudandLawrenceOlivier.Thisloveofthetheaterledhertoattendanactingschoolinnineteentwenty-four.Whenshewaseighteenyearsold,sheperformedinherfirstplay.Itwascalled"TheMandersonGirls."Shedidnotearnenoughmoneytopayforthefivedifferentdressesshehadtowearintheplay.Shesolvedtheproblembysewingthemherself.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:JessicaTandyalwaysthoughtshewasplain-looking.Sodidmosttheaterprofessionals.Shesaidpeopleinthetheaterknewshewasagoodactress,butdidnotbelieveshewasprettyenoughtobeasuccess.Shenotedthattheysaid,"Sheisplainbutonthestageshelooksallright."PicturesofJessicaTandydonotsuggestthatthisistrue.Shejustlookeddifferentfromtheleadingwomenactorsoftheday.Later;shesaidthatitwasgoodthatshewasnotconsideredpretty.Shesaidshegotmoreinterestingpartsthatway.VOICEONE:Innineteenthirty-two,criticsinLondonrecognizedhergreatactingskillinherperformanceintheplay"ChildreninUniform."Thatpartgaveherwhatshesaidwasoneofthemomentsshelovedmostinthetheater.Shesaidatoneperformance,peoplewatchingweresomovedtheycontinuedtositquietlywhentheplayended.Thatsameyear;shemarriedactorJackHawkins.Theyhadadaughter,Susan.TandycontinuedtoworkinthetheaterinLondon.Bynineteenforty,hermarriagewasending.SoshetookherdaughterandmovedtotheUnitedStatestoescapeWorldWarTwo.InNewYorkCity,shemetayoungactornamedHumeCronyn.TwoyearslatertheymarriedandmovedtoHollywood.Bynineteenforty-five,theyhadtwochildren.VOICETWO:InCalifornia,HumeCronynwasgettinggoodpartsinmovies.ButTandywasnot.Shegotonlysmallparts,whenshegotthematall.ShesaidtheproducersinHollywooddidnottakeherseriouslyasanactress.Shebegantofeellikeafailure.JessicaTandywasconsideringnotactinganymore.Butthenherhusbanddidsomethingthatchangedherlife.HegavehertheleadpartinaplayhewasdirectinginLosAngeles.Itwas"PortraitofaMadonna"byTennesseeWilliams.Sheplayedalonelywoman.Criticspraisedher.TennesseeWilliamscametoLosAngelesfromNewYorkjusttoseeherintheshow.Hesaidlaterthatheknewhehadfoundtheactresstoplaytheleadinhisnewplay,"AStreetcarNamedDesire."ThatplayopenedinNewYorkinnineteenforty-seven.JessicaTandy,MarlonBrandoandKimHunterwerethestars.ItwonaPulitzerPrizeandmanyotherawards.TandywonthefirstofherfourTonyawardsforbestactressinaplay.Onedirectorsaidthatshewasfullofsurprises.Hesaidthatshealwaysdidthingsbetterthanexpected.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Duringthenineteen-fifties,JessicaTandyandHumeCronynbeganworkingtogetherintheatersinNewYorkCity.TheirfirstappearancetogetherinamajorBroadwaytheaterwasthehitplay"TheFourposter."Throughtheyears,theyappearedtogetherinnineotherplaysonBroadwayzincluding"ADelicateBalance,""TheGinGame"and"Foxfire."TheirlastBroadwayappearancetogetherwasin"ThePetition"innineteeneighty-six.TandyalsoworkedwithherhusbandinlocaltheatersacrosstheUnitedStates.Theylikeddoingitbecausetheyhadachancetoplaypartsintheolderwell-knownplays.Innineteensixty-three,forexample.MissTandyplayedGertrudeinShakespeare's"Hamletz"OlgainAntonChekhov's"TheThreeSisters/'andthewifeofWillyLomaninArthurMiller's"DeathofaSalesman."ShealsoactedinplaysintheShakespearefestivalsinStratfordzConnecticutandinStratford,Ontario,Canada.VOICETWO:JessicaTandysaidshehatedseeingherselfinthemovies.Shesaidsheneverwasassatisfiedmakingmoviesasshewasworkinginthetheater.Butshethoughtitwasimportanttoaccepttheactingjobsthatwereoffered.Ithelpedpayexpenseswhensheperformedinsmalltheatersforlesspay.TandyplayedHumeCronyn,swifeinfourmoviesduringthenineteen-eighties,including"Cocoon"and"BatteriesnotIncluded."Innineteenninety-two,sheplayedanoldwomaninthemovie,"FriedGreenTomatoes."Butsheneverreallythoughtofherselfasamovieactress.PerhapsthatwasbecauseofherexperienceearlierwhenshewasnotacceptedinHollywood.Evenafterhersuccessintheplay"AStreetcarNamedDesire/'Hollywoodproducersdidnotchoosehertobeinthemovie.VivienLeighreplacedherinthepartofBlancheDubois.Tandysaidshewassurprisedwhenshewontheacademyawardfor"DrivingMissDaisy."Shesaidthenthatthewonderfulpartshehadmadeupforherlackofexperienceinmovies.(MUSIC)JessicaTandyandHumeCronynweremarriedforfifty-twoyears.Duringtheiryearsofactingtogether,theywonalmosteveryculturalawardpossible.Innineteeneighty-sixztheywontheKennedyCenterlifetimeachievementaward.Innineteenninety,PresidentGeorgeBushpresentedtheNationalMedalofArttothem.Afewmonthsbeforeshedied,TandyandCronynwerehonoredwithaspecialTbnyAwardfortheirworkintheBroadwaytheater.Reportersalwayswereaskingthemhowtheywereabletoworksocloselytogetherforsolong.Tandysaidtheyneverdiscussedtheirworkathome.Shesaidtheyalwayshonoredeachother'sideasiftheydidnotagreeaboutsomething.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:JessicaTandysufferedfromstagefrightthatbecameworseasshegrewolder.Itmadeherfeelsickbeforeaperformance.Yetherhusbandsaidshewasatherbestwhenshewasworking.Shewasingreatdemandasshegrewolder.Tandytookgoodpartsandbadones.Shealwayssaidapersonisricherfordoingthings.Ifyouwaitforthegreatestpart,youwillwaitalongtimeandyourskillswilldecrease,shesaid.Youcannotbeanactorwithoutacting.Tandywasanactoruntiltheend.Shehadproblemswithhereyesandherheart.Yettheydidnotslowherdown.Innineteeneighty-eight,shewonanEmmyAwardforatelevisionmovieoftheplay"Foxfire."Threeyearslater;JessicaTandyhadacanceroperation.Butshecontinuedworking.Shedidnotletherpainlessentheeffectivenessofherperformance.Sheappearedinmoretelevisionmoviesintheyearsbeforeherdeath.AndshemadeseveralmoviesthatwerereleasedaftershediedSeptembereleventh,nineteenninety-four.Shewaseighty-five.VOICEONE:JessicaTandysaidasanactorherjobwasgettingthebestoutofwhatthewriterexpressedintheplayormovie.Thecriticssaidshedid.Theysaidshealwayswasabletoshowdeepmeaninginthepeoplesheplayed.Onecriticwrotethatshewassuchagoodactorthatonlypoets,notcritics,shouldbepermittedtowriteabouther.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:ThisSpecialEnglishprogramwaswrittenbyNancySteinbachandproducedbyLawanDavis.mRichKleinfeldt.AndmShirleyGriffith.ListenagainnextweekforanotherPeopleinAmericaprogramontheVoiceofAmerica.