【中英文对照版】中华人民共和国海洋环境保护法(2023修订).docx

中华人民共和国海洋环境保护法(2023修订)MarineEnvironmentalProtectionLawofthePeople,sRepublicofChina(2023Revision)制定机关：全国人大常委会发文字号：中华人民共和国主席令第12号公布日期：2023.10.24施行日期：2024.01.01效力位阶：法律法规类别：环保综合规定海洋资源IssuingAuthority：StandingCommitteeoftheNationalPeople'sCongressDocumentNumber：OrderNo.12ofthePresidentofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaDateIssued：10-24-2023EffectiveDate：01-01-20241.evelofAuthority：LawsAreaofLaw:GeneralProvisionsonEnvironmentalProtectionMarineResourcesOrderofthePresidentofthePeople'sRepublicofChina中华人民共和国主席令(No.12)（第十二号）TheMarineEnvironmentalProtectionLawofthePeople,sRepublicofChina,asrevisedandadoptedatthe6thSessionoftheStandingCommitteeoftheFourteenthNationalPeople'sCongressofthePeople,sRepublicofChinaonOctober24,2023,isherebyissued,andshallcomeintoforceonJanuary1,2024.中华人民共和国海洋环境保护法已由中华人民共和国第十四届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第六次会议于2023年10月24日修订通过，现予公布，自2024年1月1日起施行。XiJinping,PresidentofthePeople'sRepublicofChina中华人民共和国主席习近平October24,20232023年10月24日中华人民共和国海洋环境保护法（1982年8月23日第五届全国人 民代表大会常务委员会第二十四 次会议通过1999年12月25日 第九届全国人民代表大会常务委 员会第十三次会议第一次修订 根据2013年12月28日第十二届 全国人民代表大会常务委员会第 六次会议关于修改中华人民 共和国海洋环境保护法等七部 法律的决定第一次修正根据 2016年11月7日第十二届全国人 民代表大会常务委员会第二十四 次会议关于修改中华人民共 和国海洋环境保护法的决定 第二次修正 根据2017年11月4 日第十二届全国人民代表大会常 务委员会第三十次会议关于修 改中华人民共和国会计法等 十一部法律的决定第三次修正 2023年10月24日第十四届全国 人民代表大会常务委员会第六次 会议第二次修订）MarineEnvironmentProtectionLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina(Adoptedatthe24thSessionoftheStandingCommitteeoftheFifthNationalPeople'sCongressonAugust23,1982;revisedforthefirsttimeatthe13thSessionoftheStandingCommitteeoftheNinthNationalPeople'sCongressonDecember25,1999;amendedinaccordancewiththeDecisiononAmendingSevenLawsIncludingtheMarineEnvironmentProtectionLawofthePeople,sRepublicofChinaattheSixthSessionoftheStandingCommitteeoftheTwentiethNationalPeople'sCongressonDecember28j2013;andamendedforthesecondtimeinaccordancewiththeDecisionoftheStandingCommitteeoftheNationalPeople'sCongressonAmendingtheMarineEnvironmentProtectionLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaadoptedatthe24thSessionoftheStandingCommitteeoftheTwelfthNationalPeople'sCongressonNovember.7,2016;amendedforthethirdtimeinaccordancewiththeDecisionoftheStandingCommitteeoftheNationalPeople'sCongressonAmendingElevenLawsincludingtheAccountingLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChina,asadoptedatthe30thSessionoftheStandingCommitteeoftheTwelfthNationalPeople'sCongressofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaonNovember4,2017;revisedforthesecondtimeatthe6thSessionoftheStandingCommitteeoftheFourteenthNationalPeople'sCongressonOctober24,2023)ContentsChapterIGeneralProvisions第一章总则ChapterIlSupervisionandControlovertheMarineEnvironment第二章海洋环境监督管理ChapterIIIMarineEcologicalProtection第三章海洋生态保护ChapterIVPreventionandControlofLand-BasedPollutants第四章陆源污染物污染防治ChapterVPreventionandControlofPollutionfromConstructionProjects第五章工程建设项目污染防治ChapterVlPreventionandControlofPollutionfromWasteDumping第六章废弃物倾倒污染防治ChapterVllPreventionandControlofPollutionfromVesselsandRelatedOperations第七章染防治船舶及有关作业活动污ChapterVlllLegalLiability第八章法律责任ChapterIXSupplementaryProvisions第九章附贝ChapterIGeneralProvisions第一章总则第一条 为了保护和改善海 洋环境，保护海洋资源，防治污 染损害，保障生态安全和公众健 康，维护国家海洋权益，建设海 洋强国，推进生态文明建设，促 进经济社会可持续发展，实现人 与自然和谐共生，根据宪法，制 定本法。第二条 本法适用于中华人 民共和国管辖海域。在中华人民共和国管辖海域内从 事航行、勘探、开发、生产、旅 游、科学研究及其他活动，或者 在沿海陆域内从事影响海洋环境 活动的任何单位和个人，应当遵 守本法。在中华人民共和国管辖海域以 外，造成中华人民共和国管辖海 域环境污染、生态破坏的，适用 本法相关规定。第三条海洋环境保护应当 坚持保护优先、预防为主、源头 防控、陆海统筹、综合治理、公 众参与、损害担责的原则。Article1ThisLawisenactedaccordingtotheConstitutiontoprotectandimprovethemarineenvironment,conservemarineresources,preventpollutiondamages,guaranteeecologicalsecurityandpublichealth,safeguardthestate'smarinerightsandinterests,increasemarinestrength,enhanceecologicalconservation,promotesustainableeconomicandsocialdevelopment,andachieveharmonybetweenhumanityandnature.Article2ThisLawshallapplytotheseaareasunderthejurisdictionofthePeople,sRepublicofChina.Allunitsandindividualsengagedinnavigation,exploration,exploitation,production,tourism,scientificresearchorotheroperationsintheseaareasunderthejurisdictionofthePeople'sRepublicofChina,orengagedinoperationsinthecoastallandareaswhichhaveimpactonthemarineenvironmentshallcomplywiththisLaw.TherelevantprovisionsofthisLawshallalsoapplytoenvironmentalpollutionandecologicaldamageintheseaareasunderthejurisdictionofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaoriginatingcausedfromoutsidethePeople,sRepublicofChina.Article3Marineenvironmentalprotectionshalladheretotheprinciplesofgivingprioritytoprotection,focusingonprevention,preventionandcontrolatsource,pursuingcoordinatedlandandmarinedevelopment,conductingcomprehensivetreatment,engagingthegeneralpublic,andenforcingaccountabilityfordamage.Article4TheecologicalandenvironmentaldepartmentoftheStateCouncilshallberesponsibleforsupervisionandadministrationofthenationalmarineenvironment,thenationalpreventionandcontrolofmarineenvironmentalpollutiondamagescausedbyland-basedpollutants,coastalandmarineconstructionprojects(hereinafterreferredtoasthe"constructionprojects'*),andoceandumpingofwastes,andguidanceon,coordinationof,andsupervisionofnationalmarineecologicalprotectionandrepair.ThenaturalresourcesdepartmentoftheStateCouncilshallberesponsibleforthesupervisionandadministrationofmarineprotection,development,andutilizationandfortherepairofnationalmarineecology,coastlines,andislands.第四条国务院生态环境主 管部门负责全国海洋环境的监督 管理，负责全国防治陆源污染 物、海岸工程和海洋工程建设项 目（以下称工程建设项目）、海 洋倾倒废弃物对海洋环境污染损 害的环境保护工作，指导、协调 和监督全国海洋生态保护修复工 作。国务院自然资源主管部门负责海 洋保护和开发利用的监督管理， 负责全国海洋生态、海域海岸线 和海岛的修复工作。国务院交通运输主管部门负责所 辖港区水域内非军事船舶和港区 水域外非渔业、非军事船舶污染 海洋环境的监督管理，组织、协 调、指挥重大海上溢油应急处 置。海事管理机构具体负责上述 水域内相关船舶污染海洋环境的 监督管理，并负责污染事故的调 查处理；对在中华人民共和国管 辖海域航行、停泊和作业的外国 籍船舶造成的污染事故登轮检查 处理。船舶污染事故给渔业造成 损害的，应当吸收渔业主管部门 参与调查处理。ThetransportdepartmentoftheStateCouncilshallberesponsibleforsupervisingandadministeringofthepollutiontothemarineenvironmentcausedbynon-militaryvesselsinsidetheharborwatersunderitsjurisdictionandbynon-fishingvesselsandnon-militaryvesselsoutsidetheharborwatersunderitsjurisdictionandorganizing,coordinating,anddirectingcontingencytomajormarineoilSP川s.Maritimeagenciesshallberesponsibleforthesupervisingandadministeringthemarineenvironmentintheabovewatersandforinvestigatingandhandlingpollutionaccidents.Intheeventofapollutionaccidentcausedbyaforeignvesselnavigating,berthingoroperatingintheseaunderthejurisdictionofthePeople,sRepublicofChina,inspectionandtreatmentshallbeconductedonboardthevesselinquestion.Wherethepollutionaccidentcausedbyavesselresultsinfisherydamages,thefisherydepartmentshallbeinvitedtotakepartintheinvestigationandtreatment.ThefisherydepartmentoftheStateCouncilshallberesponsibleforthesupervisionandcontroloverthemarineenvironmentpollutioncausedbynon-militaryvesselsinsidethefishingportwatersandthatcausedbyfishingvesselsoutsidethefishingportwaters,beresponsiblefortheprotectionofecologicalenvironmentinthefishingzones,andshallinvestigateandhandlethefisherypollutionaccidentsotherthanthosespecifiedintheprecedingparagraph.Thedevelopmentandreform,wateradministration,housingandurban-ruraldevelopment,forestryandgrasslands,andotherdepartmentsoftheStateCouncilshallberesponsibleformarineenvironmentalprotectionrelatedtotherelevantindustriesandfieldswithintheirrespectivepurview.Acoastguardagencyshallconductthesupervisoryinspectionofmarineconstructionprojects,pollutiondamagecausedtothemarineenvironmentbyoceandumpingofwastes,andtheprotectionandutilizationoftheseawardsideofthecoastlineofnaturereserves,andotheractivitieswithinthescopeofitsduties,investigatingandpunishingviolations,andparticipatinginthecontingencytoandinvestigationandhandlingofmarineenvironmentalpollutionaccidentsinaccordancewiththeprescribedauthority.国务院渔业主管部门负责渔港水 域内非军事船舶和渔港水域外渔 业船舶污染海洋环境的监督管 理，负责保护渔业水域生态环境 工作，并调查处理前款规定的污 染事故以外的渔业污染事故。国务院发展改革、水行政、住房 和城乡建设、林业和草原等部门 在各自职责范围内负责有关行 业、领域涉及的海洋环境保护工 作。海警机构在职责范围内对海洋工 程建设项目、海洋倾倒废弃物对 海洋环境污染损害、自然保护地 海岸线向海一侧保护利用等活动 进行监督检查，查处违法行为， 按照规定权限参与海洋环境污染 事故的应急处置和调查处理。军队生态环境保护部门负责军事 船舶污染海洋环境的监督管理及 污染事故的调查处理。Theecologicalandenvironmentalprotectiondepartmentsofthearmedforcesshallberesponsibleforthesupervisionandcontroloverthemarinepollutioncausedbymilitaryvesselsandfortheinvestigationandhandlingofthepollutionaccidentscausedbymilitaryvessels.Article5Coastallocalpeople,sgovernmentsatorabovethecountylevelshallberesponsibleforthequalityofthemarineenvironmentintheseaareasundertheiradministration.Thestateimplementsatargetresponsibilitysystemandanassessmentandevaluationsystemformarineenvironmentalprotectiontoassessandevaluatethecompletionofthetargetofmarineenvironmentprotection.Article6Coastallocalpeople,sgovernmentsatorabovethecountylevelmayestablisharegionalcooperationmechanismformarineenvironmentalprotectiontoorganizeandcoordinateenvironmentalprotectionintheseaareasundertheiradministration.Trans-regionalmarineenvironmentprotectionproblemsshallbesolvedthroughconsultationsbytherelevantcoastallocalpeople'sgovernmentsorbesolvedthroughcoordinationbythepeople'sgovernmentatthehigherlevel.Majortrans-departmentmarineenvironmentprotectionworkshallbecoordinatedbytheecologicalandenvironmentaldepartmentoftheStateCouncil.TheproblemsthatfailtobesettledthroughcoordinationshallbesubmittedtotheStateCouncilfordecision.第五条沿海县级以上地方 人民政府对其管理海域的海洋环 境质量负责。国家实行海洋环境保护目标责任 制和考核评价制度，将海洋环境 保护目标完成情况纳入考核评价 的内容。第六条沿海县级以上地方 人民政府可以建立海洋环境保护 区域协作机制，组织协调其管理 海域的环境保护工作。跨区域的海洋环境保护工作，由 有关沿海地方人民政府协商解 决，或者由上级人民政府协调解 决。跨部门的重大海洋环境保护工 作，由国务院生态环境主管部门 协调；协调未能解决的，由国务 院作出决定。第七条国务院和沿海县级 以上地方人民政府应当将海洋环Article7TheStateCouncilandcoastallocalpeople'sgovernmentsatorabovethecountylevelshallincorporatemarineenvironmentalprotectionintonationaleconomicandsocialdevelopmentplans,andundertheprincipleofdivisionofpowerandresponsibilityforexpenditure,incorporatethefundsrequiredformarineenvironmentalprotectionintothegovernmentbudgetatthesamelevel.Article8People'sgovernmentsatalllevelsandtheirrelevantdepartmentsshallcommunicate,provideeducationon,anddisseminatetheknowledgeaboutmarineenvironmentalprotectiontoenhancepublicawarenessandguidelawfulpublicparticipation;encourageprimaryautonomousorganizations,socialorganizations,andvolunteers,amongothers,tocommunicatelaws,regulations,andknowledgeaboutmarineenvironmentalprotection;andmakepubliclyavailableinformationonthemarineenvironmentbasedonthedivisionofresponsibility.Thenewsmediashallreportonmarineenvironmentalprotectiontosubjectillegalactstopublicscrutiny.Article9Anyentitiesandindividualsshallhavetheobligationtoprotectthemarineenvironmentandhavetherighttosuperviseandexposetheactofanyotherentityorindividualthatcausespollutionofthemarineenvironmentanddamagetothemarineecology,aswellastheactofanyfunctionaryengagedinmarineenvironmentsupervisionandcontrolthatconstitutesaviolationofthelaw.境保护工作纳入国民经济和社会 发展规划，按照事权和支出责任 划分原则，将海洋环境保护工作 所需经费纳入本级政府预算。第八条各级人民政府及其 有关部门应当加强海洋环境保护 的宣传教育和知识普及工作，增 强公众海洋环境保护意识，引导 公众依法参与海洋环境保护工 作；鼓励基层群众性自治组织、 社会组织、志愿者等开展海洋环 境保护法律法规和知识的宣传活 动；按照职责分工依法公开海洋 环境相关信息。新闻媒体应当采取多种形式开展 海洋环境保护的宣传报道，并对 违法行为进行舆论监督。第九条任何单位和个人都 有保护海洋环境的义务，并有权 对污染海洋环境、破坏海洋生态 的单位和个人，以及海洋环境监 督管理人员的违法行为进行监督 和检举。从事影响海洋环境活动的任何单位和个人，都应当采取有效措Anyentityorindividualengagedinactivitiesthataffectthemarineenvironmentshalltakeeffectivemeasurestopreventandmitigatemarineenvironmentalpollutionandecologicaldamage.Apollutantdischargershallmakeinformationonpollutantdischargeavailabletothepublicinaccordancewiththelaw.Article10Thestateencouragestheresearch,developmentandapplicationoftechnologyformarineenvironmentalprotection,promotestheinformatizationofmarineenvironmentalprotection,trainsprofessionalandtechnicalpersonnelinmarineenvironmentalprotection,andimprovesscientificandtechnologicalcapacityformarineenvironmentalprotection.Thestateencouragesinternationalexchangesandcooperationinmarineenvironmentalprotection.Article11Unitsandindividualsthathavemadeoutstandingachievementsinmarineenvironmentalprotectionshallbecommendedandrewardedinaccordancewithrelevantprovisionsissuedbythestate.Article 11 SupervisionandControlovertheMarineEnvironmentArticle 12 Thestateimplementsasupervisionandadministrationsystemforthemarineenvironmentthatpursuescoordinatedlandandmarinedevelopmentandregionallinkage,andstrengthenstheconnectionandcoordinationbetweenplanning,standards,monitoring,andothersupervisionandadministrationsystems.施，防止、减轻海洋环境污染、 生态破坏。排污者应当依法公开 排污信息。第十条国家鼓励、支持海 洋环境保护科学技术研究、开发 和应用，促进海洋环境保护信息 化建设，加强海洋环境保护专业 技术人才培养，提高海洋环境保 护科学技术水平。国家鼓励、支持海洋环境保护国 际交流与合作。第十一条对在海洋环境保 护工作中做出显著成绩的单位和 个人，按照国家有关规定给予表 彰和奖励。第二章海洋环境监督管理第十二条国家实施陆海统 筹、区域联动的海洋环境监督管 理制度，加强规划、标准、监测 等监督管理制度的衔接协调。各级人民政府及其有关部门应当加强海洋环境监督管理能力建People'sgovernmentsatalllevelsandtheirrelevantdepartmentsshallenhancethecapabilitytosuperviseandadministerthemarineenvironmentandapplyscienceandinformationtechnologyinthesupervisionandadministrationofthemarineenvironment.Article 13 Thestategivesprioritytodelineatingseaareaswithextremelyimportantecologicalfunctionsandanextremelysensitiveandfragileecosysteminecologicalprotectionredlineandimplementsstrictprotection.Developingandutilizingmarineresourcesorconstructionthataffectsthemarineenvironmentshallbereasonablyarrangedinaccordancewithspatialplans,andstrictlycomplywithspatialusecontrolrequirementsandecologicalprotectionredlines,andshallnotcausedamagetothemarineecologyandenvironment.Coastallocalpeople'sgovernmentsatalllevelsshallprotectandreasonablyuseseaareasinaccordancewithspatialplans.Thepeople'sgovernmentsofcoastalprovinces,autonomousregions,andmunicipalitiesdirectlyundertheCentralGovernmentshallstrengthenthesupervisionandadministrationofhumanactivitieswithinecologicalprotectionredlinesandregularlyassesstheeffectivenessofprotection.TherelevantdepartmentsoftheStateCouncil,coastallocalpeople'sgovernmentsatorabovethedistricted-citylevel,andtheirrelevantdepartmentsshallconductenvironmentalimpactassessmentsonthemarineenvironmentalprotectionandothercontentofthespatialplansandrelatedplansofwhichtheyhaveorganizethepreparation.设，提高海洋环境监督管理科技 化、信息化水平。第十三条国家优先将生态 功能极重要、生态极敏感脆弱的 海域划入生态保护红线，实行严 格保护。开发利用海洋资源或者从事影响 海洋环境的建设活动，应当根据 国土空间规划科学合理布局，严 格遵守国土空间用途管制要求， 严守生态保护红线，不得造成海 洋生态环境的损害。沿海地方各 级人民政府应当根据国土空间规 划，保护和科学合理地使用海 域。沿海省、自治区、直辖市人 民政府应当加强对生态保护红线 内人为活动的监督管理，定期评 估保护成效。国务院有关部门、沿海设区的市 级以上地方人民政府及其有关部 ,对其组织编制的国土空间规 划和相关规划，应当依法进行包 括海洋环境保护内容在内的环境 影响评价。第十四条国务院生态环境 主管部门会同有关部门、机构和Article 14 TheecologicalandenvironmentaldepartmentoftheStateCouncilshall,inconjunctionwithrelevantdepartments,agencies,andthepeople'sgovernmentsofcoastalprovinces,autonomousregions,andmunicipalitiesdirectlyundertheCentralGovernment,formulateanationalmarineecologicalandenvironmentalprotectionplanandimplementitwiththeapprovaloftheStateCouncil.Thenationalmarineecologicalandenvironmentalprotectionplanshallbeconnectedwiththenationalspatialplan.Coastallocalpeople'sgovernmentsatalllevelsshall,inaccordancewiththenationalmarineecologicalandenvironmentalprotectionplan,organizemarineenvironmentalprotectionintheseaareasundertheiradministration.Article 15 Thepeople'sgovernmentsofcoastalprovinces,