社会问题常用英文词句.docx

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1、Chapter2社会问题一汉英词语1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31.32.33.34.35.36.37.38.39.40.安全生产安全生产法 包办婚姻 成人文盲率 城市低保对象 城乡差距 出生高峰 初婚年龄 传宗接代错峰用电大男子主义 单亲家庭,道路交通事故 登记失业率 地下毒品交易市场 调控房价 多子多福，放任自流 高速铁路,个税起征点 各类伤亡事故，工伤保险，工伤致残公立医院改革 拐卖妇女儿童 关爱生命、关注安全，国家安全生产监督管理局 ，国家发展改革委员会

2、，国家煤矿安全监察局,国有企事业单位,国有企业下岗职工 婚育、养老 机关干部基本国策,基本养老保险 基本养老保险制度基本养老金基层社区畸形、死胎和天折基本养老金的按时足额发放Ihe timely and full payment of the pensionworksafety1.awofthePeoplesRepublicofChinaonworksafetyarrangedmarriageadultilliteracyrateurbanresidentsentitledtobasiclivingallowancerural-urbandividebabyboomfirstmarriagea

3、gecarryonthefamilylineoff-peakpowerconsumptionmalechauvinismsingle-parentfamilyroad(transport)accidentregisteredunemploymentrateundergrounddrugdealingmarkethousingpricescontrolthemoresons,themorehappinesslaissez-fairehigh-speedrailpersonalincometaxcutoffthresholddeath/injuryinvolvingaccidentsofallca

4、tegoriesindustrialinjuryinsurancedisabilitiescausedbyoccupationaldiseasespublichospitalreformtraffickingofwomenandchildrencareforlifeandattentiononworksafetytheStateAdministrationofWorkSafetytheNationalDevelopmentandReformCommissiontheStateAdministrationofCoalMineSafetythestate-ownedenterprisesandin

5、stitutionslaid-offpersonnelfromstate-ownedenterprisesmarriage,childbearingandtheelderlysupportgovernmentfunctionariesbasicnationalpolicybasicold-ageinsurancebasicold-ageinsurancesystembasicold-agepensiongrassrootscommunitydeformity,stillbirthandprematuredeath41.计划外怀孕extra/unscheduledpregnancy42.家电下乡

6、homeappliancesgoingtothecountryside43.监测信息日报制度asystemofdailyreportonmonitoringandinformation44.交通畅通smoothtraffic45.教育、感化、挽救education,persuasionandredemption46.教育公平equalaccesstoeducation47.戒毒治疗和康复drugaddictiontreatmentandrehabilitation48.近亲婚姻closerelativemarriages49.禁毒斗争anti-drugcampaign50.敬老院oldfolk

7、,shomes51.九年义务教育nine-yearcompulsoryeducation52.空难aircrash53.跨国毒品犯罪活动transnationaldrug-relatedcrimes54.廉租房low-renlhouse55.粮食最低收购价crops,minimumpurchaseprices56.流动人口floatingpopulation57.买卖婚姻mercenarymarriage58.卖淫嫖娼prostitution;whoring59.煤矿安全监察条例RegulationsofCoalMineSafetySupervision60.民工潮migrationofrur

8、allabor61.民生thewell-beingofpeople62.母乳喂养breastfeeding63.男女同工同酬equalpayforequalworktomenandwomenalike64.能源安全energysecurity65.农民工ruralpeopleworkingincities66.贫富差距gapbetweentherichandthepoor67.贫困线povertyline68.平均家庭规模theaveragefamilysize69.平均寿命averageIifeexpectancy70.人工喂养bottle-feeding71.人口出生率birthrate7

9、2.人口调控体系asystemofregulatingandadjustingthepopulationgrowth73.人口过剩overpopulation74.人口结构populationcomposition75.人口老化theagingofpopulation76.人口普查census77.扫除青壮年文盲eliminateilliteracyamongyoungandmid-agedpeople78.少生优生fewerandhealthierbirths79.社会福利机构socialwelfareinstitutions80.社会救济socialrelief81.社会事业socialu

10、ndertaking82.社会总从业人员theentireworkforce83.生活在贫困的边缘liveintheabyssofimpoverishment84.生育保险childbirthinsurance85.生育率86 .失业保险金87 .失业保险条例88 .失业保险制度89 .实名购票90 .试点91 .收入分配92 .司法协助93 .体罚94 .退休金双轨制95 .瓦斯爆炸96 .晚婚晚育97 .网络审查98 .危险化学品99 .窝居100 .下岗再就业101 .贤妻良母102 .小学毕业生升学率103 .协调发展104 .性别平等105 .学龄儿童入学率106 .烟花爆竹fert

11、ilityrateunemploymentinsurancepaymentsRegulationsonUnemploymentInsuranceanunemploymentinsurancesystemID-basedticketbookingsystempilotprogramincomedistributionjudicialcooperationcorporalpunishmentdualpensionschememethanegasexplosionlatemarriage,latechildbearinginternetcensorshiphazardouschemicaldwell

12、ingnarrownessreemploymentafterbeinglaidoffvirtuouswifeandgoodmothertherateogprimaryschoolgraduatesenteringmiddleschoolscoordinateddevelopmentgenderequalityschool-agechildrenenrollmentratefireworksandfirecracker107.一对夫妇只生一个孩子OneChiIdPerCoUPIe108.医疗保险109.医疗改革110.依法拆迁111.以人为本112.意外伤害保险113.意外死亡保险114.应急预

13、案115.优抚安置healthinsurancemedicalreformlawfulhousingdemolitionandrelocationputpeoplefirstcasualtyaccidentinsuranceaccidentanddeathbenefitinsuranceemergenceplansspecialcarefordisabledex-servicemenandfamilymembersofrevolutionarymartyrs116.育龄妇女117.灾害救助118 .再就业服务119 .再就业培训120 .早婚早育121 .增加电煤供应122 .职业指导123

14、.中央财政124 .重大安全隐患125 .自然增长率126 .最低工资制度127 .最低生活保隙制度womenofchildbearingagenaturaldisasterreliefreemploymentservicereemploymenttrainingearlymarriage,earlychildbirthincreasethesupplyofcoalforpowergenerationjobguidancethecentralfinancemajorsourceofhiddendangernaturalgrowthrateminimumwagesystemminimumlivi

15、ngstandardsecuritysystem二.汉英常用表达句1 .坚持正常生产，保证基本产量。Maintainnormalproductionandensurebasicoutput.2 .科学调度，迂Pl分流，疏导、劝阻滞留旅客。Controlthetrafficscientifically,distributetrafficflowinaroundaboutway,andevacuateanddissuadestayingpassengers.3 .对受恶劣天气影响而封闭的道路全力组织抢通。Makealleffortstoopenuproadscloseddownduetodisas

16、trousweather.启动鲜活农产品运输机制，保证蔬菜、肉类、粮食等生活必需品的运输。1.aunchthetransportationmechanismonfreshagriculturalproductstoensurethetransportofdailynecessitiessuchasvegetables,grainandmeat.4 .优化电网运行方式，加大跨区电能调剂力度，确保安全稳定运行。Optimizetheoperationofpowergrids,increasecross-regiondispatchingandensurethesafeandstableoperat

17、ionofpowergrids.5 .坚持合理用电、节约用电、推行错峰用电。Promoterationalpowerconsumption,powerconservationandoflf-peakpoweruse.6 .控制高耗能、高排放企业和产能过剩行业用电。Controlpowerconsumptionbyenterpriseswithheavyenergyconsumptionandemissionandbyindustrieswithsurplusproductioncapacity.7 .安排好受灾群众生活，最大限度地减少灾害损失。Makegoodarrangementofpeop

18、leslivingindisaster-strickenareasandminimizelosses.8 .确保人民生命财产安全，确保经济平稳正常运行，确保社会和谐稳定。Safeguardpeople,slifeandproperty,ensurethestableandnormaloperationoftheeconomyandmaintainthesocietysharmonyandstability.9 .维护下岗职工、离退休人员的合法权益和社会稳定。Safeguardthelegitimaterightsandinterestsoflaid-offandretiredpersonnel

19、,andmaintainsocialstability.10 .在全国深入持久地开展禁毒斗争。Wageanunremitting,thoroughgoingstruggleagainstdrugsnationwide.11 .帮助初步解决温饱问题的贫困人口实现稳定脱贫。Helpthosewhohavejustenoughtoeatandwearsteadilyshakeoffpoverty.12 .尽快解决极少数贫困人口温饱问题。Helpthesmallnumberofneedypeoplewithoutenoughtoeatandwearattainthatminimumstandardof

20、livingassoonaspossible.13 .进一步改善贫困地区的基本生产生活条件，巩固温饱成果。Furtherimprovethebasicproductionandlivingconditionofthepoorareasandconsolidatetheresultsgainedinthisregard.14 .提高贫困人口的生活质量和综合素质，加强贫困乡村的基础设施建设。Improvethequalityoflifeandcomprehensivequalityofthepoverty-strickenpeople,andspeeduptheconstructionofinfr

21、astructurefacilitiesinimpoverishedruralareas.15 .加强安全生产监管监察，防范重大安全生产事故发生。Supervisionandinspectiononsafeproductionarestrengthenedtopreventmajorproductionaccidents.16 .教育、卫生等各项社会事业成绩显著。Greatachievementshavebeenmadeinvarioussocialundertakingssuchaseducationandpublichealth.17 .全国基本实现普及九年义务教育和基本扫除青壮年文盲的目

22、标。Anine-yearcompulsoryeducationhasbeenmadeuniversalbyandlarge,andilliteracyamongyoungandmiddle-agedpeoplehasbeenbasicallyeliminated.18 .基本实现人人享有初级卫生保障服务。Onthewhole,everybodyhasaccesstoprimaryhealthcareservice.19 .妇女地位明显提高，儿童权利得到保障，老人生活水平不断提高。Women,sstatushasbeenraiseddistinctly,childrensrightsarepro

23、tected,andthelivingstandardofseniorcitizenshasbeenimproved.20 .控制人口增长，有利于实现人口与经济、社会、资源、环境的协调发展和可持续发展。Theslow-downofpopulationgrowthisbeneficialtoacoordinatedandsustaineddevelopmentofpopulation,economy,society,resourcesandenvironment.21 .中国在经济不发达的情况下，用较短的时间实现了人口再生产类型从高出生、低死亡、高增长到低出生、低死亡、低增长的历史性转变，走完了

24、一些发达国家数十年乃至上百年才走完的路。Wheneconomicallystillundeveloped,Chinahasaccomplishedahistorictransitioninpopulationpatternfromonefeaturinghighbirthrate,lowdeathrateandhighgrowthratetoonefeaturinglowbirthrate,lowdeathrateandlowgrowthrateinarelativelyshortperiodoftime,achangethattookdecadesorevenuptoahundredyear

25、sfordevelopedcountriestorealizeinthepast.22 .解决人口问题不仅应关注数量，还应强调提高素质和生殖健康水平、提高人类生活质量和福利，实现人的全面发展。Whileslowing-downpopulationgrowth,effortsshouldbemadetoimprovethepopulationquality,reproductivehealth,qualityoflifeandwellbeingingeneralsoastorealizeanall-roundhumandevelopment.23 .人口问题本质上是发展问题，只有通过经济、社会、

26、文化等全面发展，才能最终获得解决Theissueofpopulationisessentiallyaproblemofdevelopmentandcouldonlybesolvedthrougheconomic,socialandculturaldevelopment.24 .传统的大早婚早育、多子多福和重男轻女等观念逐渐被晚婚晚育、少生少育、生男生女都一样等科学、文明、进步的观念所取代。Thetraditionalconceptsoft4earlymarriage,earlychildbirth,4tthemoresons,themorehappiness”and“menaresuperio

27、rtowomen“hasbeengraduallyreplacedbythescientificandadvancedconceptsof4latemarriage,andlatechildbearing,fewerandhealthierbirths”and“boysandgirlsareequal.”25 .近年来中国政府努力提高基本养老保险基金的统筹层次，逐步实行省级统筹，不断加大对基本养老保险基金的财政投入。TheChinesegovernmentinrecentyearshastriedtoraisethebasicold-ageinsurancefundunderthemutual

28、assistanceprogramgraduallytotheprovinciallevel,coupledwithasteadyincreaseofthefinancialinputinthatdirection.26 .毒品危害人民健康，滋生犯罪和腐败，破坏可持续发展、危及国家安全和世界和平。因此，对一切毒品违法犯罪活动必须严加禁绝。Drugsharmpeopleshealth,giverisetocorruptionandcrimes,disruptsustainabledevelopmentandendangernationalsecurityandworldpeace.There,a

29、llillegalactivitiesinvolvingdrugsmustbestrictlyprohibitedandeliminated.27 .中国政府将一如既往地与世界各国加强合作，为彻底消除毒害、建设一个“无毒的世界”而不懈努力。TheChinesegovernmentwill,asalways,strengthencooperationwithothercountriesandmakeunremittingeffortstocompletelyeliminatenarcoticdrugsandbuildaworldfreefromthedrugscourge.28 .中国政府将坚持

30、把贫困地区尚未解决温饱问题的贫困人口作为扶贫开发的主要对象。TheChinesegovernmentwillpersistintakingthoseinimpoverishedareaswhodonothaveenoughtoeatandwearasthefirsttobehelped.29 .由于受生产力发展水平和基础工作薄弱等因素的影响，我国的安全生产形势依然比较严峻。Affectedbythedevelopmentlevelofproductiveforcesandtheweakbasisofworksafetyinfrastructure,worksafetyinChinaisstil

31、lfacedwithagrimsituation.30 .失业保险覆盖城镇所有企业、事业单位及其职工；所有企业、事业单位及其职工必须缴纳失业保险费。Theunemploymentinsurancesystemcoversallurbanenterprisesandinstitutionsandtheirstaff,wherebyallenterprisesandinstitutionsandtheirstaffmustpaytheinsurancepremiums.31 .近年来，失业保险的覆盖面不断扩大，保险对象不断增加。Inrecentyears,thecoverageofunemploy

32、mentinsurancehasgrowncontinuously,withincreasingnumberoftheinsurancepolicyunderwriters.1.1. 随着失业保险制度的完善，国有企业下岗职工基本生活保障制度正逐步纳入失业保险。Withtheimprovementoftheinsurancesystem,thebasiclivelihoodguaranteesystemforlaid-offsfromstate-ownedenterprisesisbeinggraduallyorbitedintothissystem.三.英汉词语1.aginginfrastru

33、cture基础设施老化2.autoIoans汽车贷款3.beonwelfare以福利金维持生活4.bringcompanionshiptolonelyseniors陪伴孤独的老人5.cleanupthebalancesheets清理资产帐目6.collegeloans大学教育贷款7.cripplingdeficits赤字不堪负重8.cutinbenefits福利减少9.decentralizingeconomies经济呈分散化发展10.deliveryofbasicservices提供基本服务11.demographiccomposition人口构成12.developclean,hydrog

34、en-poweredautomobiles研制洁净的氢动力汽车13.dysfunctionofurbangovernance城市管理失调14.economicallystrongcommunities经济实力雄厚的社区/社会15.encourageactsofcompassion鼓励爱心行动16.enlistvolunteers招募志愿者17.entitlementspending福利开支18.expandthesizeandreachofthegrants扩大增款的规模和受益人数19. explosivegrowth爆炸式增长20. extendunemploymentbenefitsand

35、continuehealthcarecoverage延长失业补贴和医疗保险21. failingschools22. FederalHousingAdministration23. female-headedhouseholds24. ferretoutanyandallcasesofwasteandfraud25. financethepurchaseofeverything26. flowofcredit27. foreclosure28. formaleducation29. freeorreduced-costlunches30. healthinsurance31. illegalc

36、rossings32. infrastructurerepair33. InternationalOrganizationforMigration34. issuetax-freebonds35. lifebldofeconomy36. longcommutes37. makelayoffs38. makepayrolls39. massivetaxincreases40. medianincome41. metropolitanarea42. middle-andupper-incomehouseholds43. NationalAssessmentofEducationalProgress

37、44. neighborhoodsofhighpoverty45. overcrowdedschools46. persistentcrime47. povertylevel48. povertyrate49. pressingchallenges50. provideshelterforbatteredwomen51. psychologicalproblems52. punishshort-cutsandabuse53. restoreconfidence54. Scarcejobs55. showsignsofage56. smallbusinessloans57. sprawlingd

38、evelopment58. takepressureoff59. taxrelief60. theworkingpoorandotherlow-incomefamilies61. traffickinginpersons学校教育质量每况愈下联邦住房管理局女性当家清查所有浪费和弄虚作假情况 支付各项开支信贷畅通丧失房屋收向权正规教育免费或减价午餐医疗保险非法越境基础设施维修国际移民组织发行免税债券经济生命线上下班交通耗时长裁员发工资税收大幅增加中间收入大城市周边地区中上收入家庭全国教育进展评估考试高度贫困的居民区学校过度拥挤犯罪屡禁不止贫困线贫困率紧迫挑战为受虐待的妇女提供避难所精神问题惩罚投机

39、取巧和滥用权力重建信心就业机会少显示出老化的迹象小型企业贷款蔓延式的发展缓解压力减税低收入工薪族和其他低收入家庭人口买卖度过动荡期62. weatherturbulenttimes63. welfarecaseloads/rolls/recipients64. welfarereform领福利金的人 福利改革四.英汉常用表达句1. Makehealthcaremoreaffordableandaccessibleforall.让所有人都负担得起并更容易地获得医疗服务。2. Helpwiththereintegrationoftraffickingvictimsbackintotheirhome

40、societies.帮助受害者重新融入原居住地的社会中去。3. Citiesarenotjusthometotoomanypoorfamilies;theyarealsohometoneighborhoodswherepovertyisconcentrated.城市不仅是太多贫困家庭的栖身之所，也是贫民窟所在地。4. Manyofthejobsthatwelfarerecipientsneedcannotbefoundintheirneighborhoodsorevenintheircities.许多靠福利维持生活的人在他们的居住地区域、甚至城市都无法找到他们需要的工作。5. Theinfra

41、structure,theroads,bridges,sewerlines,subwaytunnels,schoolbuildings,hasalltoooftenbeenunderminedbyyearsofdeferredmaintenance.城市的基础设施道路、桥梁、下水道、地铁隧道、学校建筑因为多年未及时维修而逐渐损坏。6. Theexistenceofaginginfrastructureiscomplicatedbythedysfunctionofurbangovernance.城市管理失调使基础设施老化问题更加复杂。7. Americahasaddedjobsforarecor

42、d52straightmonths.美国就业机会连续52个月保持增长，打破了历史记录。8. Wagesareup,butsoarepricesforfoodandgas.Exportsarerising,butthehousingmarkethasdeclined.虽然工资水平得到提高，但食品和汽油价格也在不断上涨。出口正在增加，然而，住房市场却出现下滑。9. Illegalimmigrationiscomplicated,butitcanberesolved.非法移民问题是复杂的，但不是不能解决的。10. Inthiscentury,thegreatestenvironmentalprogr

43、esswillcomeaboutnotthroughlawsuitsorregulations,butthroughtechnologyandinnovation.要在本世纪取得环境问题上最重大的进步，不能靠法律和规章，而要靠技术和革新。11. Forthosealreadyaddicted,thefightagainstdrugsisafightfortheirownlives.对于那些已经吸毒成瘾的人，同毒品作斗争就是为拯救他们自己的生命而斗争。12. .Economicandpoliticinstabilitygreatlyincreasesthelikelihoodthatacount

44、rywillbecomeasourceoftraffickingvictims.一个国家如果政治经济不稳定，就很可能成为被拐卖人口的来源地。13. Civilunrest,internalarmedconflict,andnaturaldisastersdestabilizeanddisplacepopulationand,inturn,increasetheirvulnerabilitytoexploitationandabuse.社会不稳定、国内武装冲突和自然灾害造成人民生活动荡，流离失所，使他们更容易受到剥削和虐待。14. Whenwomenareaccordedtheirrightsa

45、ndaffordedequalopportunitiesineducation,healthandgainfulemployment,theydrivesocialandeconomicprogress.Whentheyaremarginalizedandmistreated,prosperityisimpossible.当妇女赢得权利并获得教育、医疗和有偿就业的平等机会时，她们推动社会和经济进步。但如果她们遭到排斥和不公待遇，便不可能实现繁荣。15. Empoweringwomenisacrucialsteptowardsseizingtheeconomicopportunitiesofth

46、isnewcentury.Nonationcansucceedinspreadingprosperityorincreasingsecurityifitleavesoutorleavesbehindmorethanhalfofthepopulation.增进妇女权益受抓住这个新世纪的经济机遇的关键一步。任何一个国家，如果将半数以上人口排除在外或弃之不管，就不可能扩大繁荣或增强安全。16. InmanypartsofAfrica,andindeedaroundtheworld,thepictureisnotencouraging.Lawsdenywomentherighttoownproperty,accesscreditormaketheirownchoiceswithintheirmarriage.Womencomprisethemajorityoftheworldspoor,unfedandunschooled.在非洲乃至全世界很多地区，形势并不乐观。法律剥夺了妇女拥有财产、获得信贷或在婚姻生活中做出自身选择的权利。全世界生活贫困、食不果腹、没有文化的人口以妇女为主。