第1部分教材知识解读必修第一册Unit3SportsandFitness.docx

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1、Unit3SportsandFitness基础知识排查速记*做驮写本及时巩固速记词汇句型背诵I.认阅读单词1. soccern.足球；足球运动2. stadiumn.（pstadiumsorstadia）体育场；运动场3. boxingn.拳击（运动）4. badmintonn.羽毛球运动5. marathonn.马拉松赛跑6. SkiM/.滑雪的况.滑雪7. trackandfield田径8. gymnasticsn.体操（训I练）9. legend传奇故事（或人物）；传说10. gloryn.荣誉；光荣；赞美11. graceful44.优美的：优雅的12. push-upn.（espec

2、iallyNAfnE）俯卧撑13. errorH.错误；差错II.记重点单词1. event.比赛项目；大事；公开活动2. track小跑道；足迹；铁路轨道5.&m.追踪；跟踪3. gym”.健身房；体育馆4. sweat”.使出汗；出汗弄湿oi.出汗；流汗n.汗水；出汗5. athleten.运动员；运动健儿6. mastern.高手；主人5.精通；掌握7. medaln.奖章；勋章8. apart4而.分离；分开；成碎片9. CaPtairI（运动队）队长；船长；机长10. Pretend6.&a假装：装扮11. million“切L百万12. Cheat况.作弊；舞弊”.欺骗；蒙骗.欺骗

3、手段；骗子13. audiencen.观众；听众14. POSitiVea力.积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的15. slim。的.苗条的；单薄的16. diet”.规定饮食；日常饮食次节食17. rather而.相当；有点儿18. jog况.慢跑.慢跑I11知拓展单词1. fitnessn.健康；健壮；适合ffit4靖.适合的；健康的5.适合-unfit4力.不适合的2. host”.主办；主持n.主人；东道主；节目主持人-*hostess女主人3. honourn.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸一honourable4力.可敬的；体面的一honoured4受尊敬的4. championshipn.锦标赛；

4、冠军赛；冠军称号-champion冠军；优胜者5. determinationn.决心；决定fdetermine决心；决意一determined力.坚决的6. injure”.使受伤;损害一injuredw.受伤的；有伤的injury.伤害;损伤7. strengthn.力量；体力fstrengtheno.增强strong。力.强壮的8. failuren.失败；失败的人（或事物）一fail0.失败9. competeoi.竞争；对抗一competitionn.竞争；-*competitorn.竞争者；对手一competitiveadj.竞争的10. stressn.压力；紧张；重音强调；重读

5、；使焦虑不安况樵虑不安一stressful必.造成压力的一stressedadj.感到压力的I词汇助力I高频词汇1. agriculturalZ.农业的2. allergic过敏的3. alphabetn.字母表4. alternative力.可选择的.可供选择的事物5. altituden.高地；高度6. altogether白血总共7. amateurM.业余的；外行的n.业余选手8. ambitionn.野心；抱负W.背核心短语1. Comeakmg跟随;到达；进步;赶快2. WorkoUt锻炼；计算出；解决3. makeit获得成功；准时到达4. setanexample树立榜样5.

6、fallapart破裂；破碎；崩溃6. loseheart丧失信心；泄气7. giveup放弃；投降8. makesense有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚9. pretendtodosth假装做某事10. evenif/though即使；虽然11. makeadifference有作用或影响12. ratherthan而不是13. cut.out停止做（或使用、食用）；剪下14. nowandthen有时；偶尔15. compare.withto.-比较V.悟经典句式1. Theymustbeathleteswhoaremastersintheirsportsandalsosetgdexample

7、sforothers.（who引导的定语从句）他们必须是他们（各自的）运动领域的高手，而且为其他人树立了很好的榜样。2. TheBoysandGirlsClubwhichhestartedinChicagohasbeenhelpingyoungpeoplesince1996.（现在完成进行时）他在芝加哥所创建的“男孩女孩俱乐部”从1996年至今一直在帮助年轻人。3. Asoccerplayershouldnotpretendtofalldownevenifithelpshis/herteam.（evenif引导的让步状语从句）足球运动员不应该假装摔倒，即使这对他/她的球队有帮助。4. Once

8、Istartedthinkingaboutfitnessratherthanweight,thingsbegantochange.（once弓I导的时间状语从句）一旦我开始考虑健康而不是体重，事情就有了变化。5. InsteadofsayingIwanttolosethreekilos,，IwouldsaytiIwanttoruntwokilometresineightminutes,or“Iwanttobeabletodo30push-ups,.（insteadofdoing）我不会说“我想减掉3千克”，我会说“我想在8分钟内跑完2千米”或“我希望能做30个俯卧撑”。6. Bybeingpo

9、sitiveaboutmyselfandmybody,Ibecamebothhappierandhealthier.（bydoing作状语）通过积极看待自我和自己的身体，我变得更快乐、更健康了。填词语境词汇串记请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。SWeat,honour,pretend,positive,determination,ratherlhanCompetitiveSportsandMassSportsIncludingsoccer,boxingbadmintontmarathon*skiing*gymnasticsandtrackandfield*t

10、hereseemtobehundredsofsportsforus.Instadiumsgyms,orhomes,wecanworkout1.allover.CompetitivesportsmeanthatathletesmustcompeteagainsteachotherformedalsinchampionshipsoreventsinOlympicstowin2.andgloryfortheircountry,whichneedsnotonlyskillsandstrengthbutalsogreat3.However,successoftencomesalongwitherror,

11、stress,failureandinjurics.Sometimesevenamastermayfallaparttbutheneverlosesheart.Finallyhemakesitandbecomesachampionandlegendsettinganexampletoothers.Comparedwithcompetitivesports,masssportsfocusonfitness4.ComPetition.Millionsofpeoplegojoggingordopush-upstokeepsliminsteadofgoingonadietbycuttingoutfat

12、.However,withnoaudiencetoshoutencouragement,theymaygiveup.Theycheatthemselvesintotakingexercisethenextdayor5.tohavedoneitotherwise,whichdoesn,tmakesense.However,evenifyoutakeexercisenowandthen,itwillmakeadifferenceandhave6.effects,wontit?核心考点突破提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇11honourn.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸（honoured母.受尊敬的）It,sa

13、nhonourforsbtodosth对某人来说做某事很荣幸。feelitanhonourtodosth做某事感到荣幸inhonourof.向表示敬意；为纪念be/feelhonouredtodosth做某事感到荣幸(I)MichaelJordan,amasterinbasketball,neverlostheartevenifhewasfacedwithfailure,forwhichhewasgreatly(honour).(2)人们庆祝端午节纪念屈原，他是中国一位伟大的诗人。(话题写作之传统节日)PeoplecelebratetheDragonBoatFestival,whoisagre

14、atChinesepoet.(3)能有宝贵的机会在这里发表演讲，我感到非常荣幸。(应用文写作之演讲稿)todeliveraspeechhere.(itisanhonourforsbtodo)todeliveraspeechhere.(feelitanhonourtodo)(3)todeliveraspeechhere.(feelhonouredtodo)Hdetermination/.决心；决定(determine箕测定；决定；确定detemined坚决的；有决心的)determinetodo.决定做(表示动作)determineon/upon(doing)sth决定(做)某事bedeterm

15、inedtodo.决心做(表示状态)(I)Writeapoemabouthowcourage,(determine),andstrengthhavehelpedyoufacechallengesinyourlife.(2020高考全国I)(2)Hedeterminedfacingthefailurebravelyratherthanescapingfromreality.(3)就在那时我决定继续在农场工作，以便能帮助养活我的家人。(2021浙江6月，读后续写)ItwasatthattimethatIsothatIcouldhelpsupportmyfamily.(determinetodo)(

16、4)决心很好地组织这次主题班会，我写信征求你关于哪些中国传统文化最吸引外国人的意见。(2021全国甲，书面表达),IamwritingtoaskyouforadviceonwhichChinesetraditionalculturesattractforeignersmost.(过去分词短语作状语)Elinjury.伤害；损伤(injured砌/.受伤的；有伤的injureW.使受伤；损害)doSbaninjury(=doaninjurytoSb)伤害某人theinjured受伤的人；伤员getbeinjured受伤(1)Thecaptainrecoveredfromhis(injure)so

17、onwiththehelpofskilleddoctorsandnurses.(2)尽管腿受了伤，他还是决心跑完马拉松。Thoughhe,hewasdeterminedtofinishthemarathon.ThoUgh,hewasdeterminedtofinishthemarathon.(用连词+过去分词”作状语改写）（3）营救队像箭一样冲往现场，给伤者实施急救，然后急忙把他们送往最近的医院。（读后续写之动作链描写）Therescueteamdashedtothespotlikearrows,andthenrushedthemtothenearesthospital.Elfailure.失

18、败；失败的人（或事物）（fail失败；不及格）failure作可数名词，意为“失败者，失败的事”；作不可数名词，意为“失败”。类似的词还有SUCCeSs,surprise,honour,difficulty等。failtodosth没做成某事（1）Theathletedidn,twinamedalorbecomeachampion，buttheaudiencedidntviewhimasfailure.（2）正如一句谚语说的那样，“失败是成功之母”。努力工作，你就会取得进步。（应用文写作之鼓励他人）Asaproverbgoes,Workhard,andyouwillmakeprogress.（

19、3）这对双胞胎感到沮丧，他们没做成一顿美味的母亲节早餐。（2021新高考全国I,读后续写）Thetwinsfeltdepressedthatthey.团compete试竞争；对抗（ComPetitiVeM/.竞争的，竞争心强的；有竞争力的competitor/.竞争者，竞争对手；参赛者competition.竞争；竞赛，比赛）competewith/againstsb和某人竞争competeforsth为而竞争competeinsth在中竞争（I）Astheyoungest，Johnwillcompeteinthewritingfortheannualawardofwriting.Hemust

20、beverysothathecanwin.（compete）（2）在南瓜地里，我和我的兄弟姐妹比赛去找最大的南瓜。（2021浙江1月，读后续写）Inthepumpkinfield,Itoseekoutthebiggestpumpkin.（3）尽管这是一场竞争激烈的比赛，但是真正重要的不是冠军称号，而是参与者在比赛中所展示出来的决心。（2020新高考全国I,应用文写作）,whatreallymatteredwasnotthetitleofchampionshipbutthedeterminationthatparticipantsshowedduringtherace.司giveup放弃；投降g

21、ivein屈服，投降giveout分发；用光；耗尽giveaway赠送；泄露giveoff散发(光和热等)givewayto给让路givesbahand帮某人一个忙(I)Althoughhedidn,tadmitthathehadcheatedintheexamhisfacialexpressiongavehim(2)0ntheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofclothwhichgiveslightinthedark.(3)尽管己经失败多次，他们也不放弃，最终做出了美味的爆米花。(2020新高考全国I,读后续写)Thoughhavingfailedmanytime

22、s,andfinallydeliciouspopcornwasmade.(4)看到这对双胞胎失望的脸庞，爸爸乐意帮助他们做早餐，并且温柔地轻声说道：“亲爱的孩子们，不要向暂时的困难屈服。”(2021新高考全国I,读后续写)Seeingthetwins*disappointedfaces,thefatherwillinglyandwhisperedgently,“Mydearchildren,.”(5)简的精力已经耗尽了。她的脚像灌了铅一样沉重，她瘫坐在树旁，失控地哭起来。(读后续写之情感描写).Herfeetfltasheavyasleadandsheslumpedbesideatree,we

23、epingwithoutcontrol.makesense有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚makefor走向；冲向makeit获得成功：准时到达makea/nodifference有/没有作用或影响makeoneswayto前往，去makesenseOf弄懂的意思makesure确信；一定makeup组成；补偿；编造；化妆；和解(1)用make的相关短语填空(I)Pretendingtohaveunderstoodwhatyourteachersaiddoesnt.(2)HiswordspuzzledmesomuchthatIhadahardtimewhathereallymeant.Althoug

24、hDavidrankedlastinthecross-countryrun,hefinallytothefinishline,WithalItheaUdienCeCheeringfOrhim.(2022新高考全国I,读后续写)Attention，please!We,Ilgatherattheschoolgateat8amtomorrowandthenthenearbyfarmtopickfruils.(应用文写作之口头通知)(2)有时小小的善意就能产生巨大影响，使得这个世界更加美丽和谐。(读后续写之升华句)Sometimes,makingtheworldmorebeautifulandharm

25、onious.(3)我确信如果你采纳以上建议，你会和你的搭档和好。(应用文写作之建议信)Iyourpartnerifyouadopttheabovesuggestions.用CiItOllt停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下cutacross穿过(某地)(尤指抄近路)cutin插嘴CUtoff中止；切掉；使隔绝cutup切碎CUtdOWn砍倒；削减；删节：缩小(尺寸、数量等)用cut的相关短语填空(I)Tbkeepphysicallyhealthy,theexpertsstronglysuggestalcoholinourdailylife.(2)1usuallytheparkonmywayhome

26、sothatIcanarrivehomeearlier.(3)Shekeptononourconversation,whichmadeusveryannoyed.(4)Thecaptainthemeatinhisplateimpatientlytoshowhisanger.(5)HiscompanywillitsproductionifthewatersupplyBlevenif引导的让步状语从句AsoccerplayershouldnotpretendtofalldowneycnjLithelpsJliSZh工team.足球运动员不应该假装摔倒，即使这对他/她的球队有帮助。evenif意为”

27、尽管：即使“，相当于eventhough,引导让步状语从句。（1）即使我吓得浑身颤抖，我仍然鼓起勇气，走上舞台，开始了我的演讲。（读后续写之恐惧心理描写），Istillgatheredupallmycourage,steppedonthestageandbeganmyspeech.（2）尽管他陷入了困境，他仍然乐意帮助处于困境中的人。,hestillwillinglyhelpedthoseintrouble.印证1. Thesefindingsareexcitingbecauseit,spossiblethatimprovingpeople,Scardiovascularfitnessinmi

28、ddleagecoulddelayorevenpreventthemfromdevelopingdementia（2022浙江1月）这些发现激动人心，因为它们表明通过改善中年人的心血管健康来延缓甚至阻止他们患痴呆症是有可能的。2. Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualcluesoralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.（2022全国甲）研究人员表示，下一步是尝试确定凤头鹦鹉是完全依靠视

29、觉线索，还是也使用触觉来选择它们的形状。3. Asaspecialeducationteacherattheschool,IwasfamiliarwiththechallengesDavidfacedandwasproudofhisstrongdetermination.（2022高考全国I）作为学校的一名特殊教育老师，我熟悉大卫面临的挑战，并为他坚强的决心感到骄傲。4. Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistentbasis.（2020新高考全国I）记住，甚至是世界冠军运动员也会持续不断地练习他们的技能。

30、5. Theresearchersfiguredoutwaterstresswithacomputermodelthatcalculatedhowmuchwatertreesweregettingincomparisonwithhowmuchtheyneeded,takingintoaccountsuchthingsasrainfalhairtemperature,dampnessofsoil,andthetimingofSiloWmelt.（2019浙江6月）研究人员使用计算机模型计算出水分压力，该模型计算出树木获得的水量与所需的水量，并考虑降雨量、空气温度、土壤湿度和融雪时间这些因素。巩固

31、基础知识达标提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇I.一词多义练/熟词生义练清除阅读障碍1. workoutA.锻炼（身体）B.解决C.计算出(I)Withgreateffortsthesoldierworkedouttheproblem.(2)Theareacanbeeasilyworkedoutifyouknowthelengthandthewidth.(3)lbwingloryforourclassinthesportsmeeting,Ihavebeenworkingoutforanhoureverymorning.2. compare.to.A.把比作B.把和比我(I)Ioftencom

32、parewhat1thinktowhatothershavethought.(2)Scientistssometimescomparethehumanbraintoacomputer.3. 快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思(1)The2008OlympicGamesisthebiggestsportingeventeverheldinBeijing.(2)Evenifthearchitectworkedhard，hestillhadaslimchanceofwinningthecompetition.(3)1can,tstresstoomuchtheimportanceofkeep

33、ingdiariesinEnglisheveryday.II.核心知识强化练巩固语言知识1. Thesoldierfeltgreatly(honour)toseetheemperorintheflesh.2. (determine)togettothedestination,theathleteshowedamazingwillpower.3. Thearchitectgot(injure)whenhikingtothecastlethroughanarrowpath.4. Whencheckingoutatthecounter,themanfoundhiscreditcardlost,soh

34、ehadtogivethepurchase.5. The(compete)wasextremelyfierceandatlastwewonthematchnarrowlyby74vs72.6. Itisrequestedthatweshouldcuttheintakeoffatandsugartoregainfitness.7. Ratherthan(admire)thebeautyofmoviestarsIlearnedtodiscovermyuniquebeauty.8. (fail)isrecognisedasthemotherofsuccess,soaslongaswedon,tlos

35、eheart,wewillsucceed.9. Icouldnotmakesensewhathesaiduntilhetoldmethestoryindetail.10. I(try)tontacttheofficialinchargeoftransportinthepastthreehours,butIhaventbeenabletogetthrough.写作能力提升I.单句写作应用文增分练(2022全国乙，书面表达)就课外英语学习活动的调查结果投稿1 .已经调查了许多学生，他们对课外学英语采用了不同的方法。(WhO引导的定语从句)2 .即使65%的学生更喜欢听英文歌曲，50%的学生仍然选择

36、看英语电影。(evenif)3 .18%的学生可以通过读英语书籍提高他们的英语。(bydoing.作状语)4 .12%的学生不是运用以上学习方法，他们充分利用英语学习网站。(insteadof)5 .在我看来，一旦我们拥有一个合适的学习方法，我们可以取得更多的进步。(once)II.微型写作续写提能练【教材续写语料】1 .情感描写determinationn.决心；决定fdetermine0.测定；决定；确定fallapan破裂；破碎；崩溃IOSeheart丧失信心；泄气giveup放弃;投降POSiliVea4.积极的；乐观的2 .动作描写track”.追踪；跟踪WorkOUI锻炼；计算出；

37、解决SWeat使出汗。上出汗；流汗n.汗水makeit获得成功；准时到达【续写语料运用】请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。（2018浙江6月，读后续写）当看到一只兔子的时候，我和爸爸决定追它。兔子是如此迅速以致它消失在树林中。直到那时，我们才意识到最后一抹霞光正快速消失在树丛中。迷路了，我吓得一身冷汗，几乎要崩溃了。我颤抖着说道：“爸爸，我们怎样才能解决这个困境呢？”爸爸喃喃地说：“不要灰心！不要放弃！我们会成功到达农舍的！”Whenseeingarabbit,fatherandI.Soswiftwasitthatitdisappearedintheforest.NotuntilthendidWerealizethatthelastrayoftwilightwasquicklydisappearingamongthenumeroustrees.Lost,IfromextremehorrorandInearly.1saidinatremblingvoice,Dad,?”Dadmurmured,Dont!Don,t!Wewill!”