框架结构的抗震设计思路外文文献翻译.docx

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1、文献信息：文献标题：FrameStructureAnti-earthquakeDesignWayofThinking（框架结构的抗震设计思路）国外TheodoreV.Galambos文献出处：JournalofConstructionalConcreteResearch,2000,55:289-303字数统计：英文4451单词，22990字符；中文5601汉字外文文献：FrameStructureAnti-earthquakeDesignWayofThinkingAbstractCurrently,theanti-earthquakenormsallroundtheworldalmostado

2、pttoakindofwayofthinking:Theadoptionpressestheearthquakestrongorweakofpossiblesituationtodividethelineearthquakecentarea;Accordingtoeveryplacethehistoryoccurrenceoftheareaearthquakeofcovarianceresultortogeologystructureofthehistoryinvestigatetohavetoexplicitstatisticsthemeaningestablishthesportpeaki

3、nwaterproofandquasi-groundvalueacceleration;Makeuseofagainthereactionaccelerationthattheaccelerationreactioncomposesdifferentperiod;GetadesigntouseaccelerationlevelthroughearthquakedintadjustmetcoefficientR.Inthemeantime,mostnationsallapprovesuchpoint,establishingtodefendtheearthquakeintensitylevelc

4、antaketouseadifferentvalue,choosingtousetoestablishtodefendtheearthquakeintensitylevelmoreandhighly,theductilityrequestofthestructurealsomoreIOw,choosetousetoestablishtodefendearthquakeintensitylevelmoreandlowly,structureofductilityrequestmorehigh.Thestructureductilityguaranteeofpreconditionistheduc

5、tilityofthemember,passagainaneffectivelyreasonableconjunctioninadoptingaseriesofmeasureguaranteememberthefoundationoftheductility,thestructuresystemchoiceisreasonableinthemeantime,thedegreejustdistributesreasonableofunderconditionabilitybasicassurancestructureofductility.Keywords:framestructure;anti

6、-earthquakedesign;designwayofthinking1.SimpleReviewofAnti-earthquakeDesignWayofThinkingThedevelopmentthatconstructsthestructureanti-earthquakeisalongwithpeoplealltheearthquakemovewiththestructurecharacteristicoftheunderstandingiscontinuouslythoroughbutdevelopgradually,however,fromisbornuptonowthehis

7、toryofahundredyears,havemostlyseveraltodevelopastageasfollows:(1) Quietdintstage:ItfirstfromaJapaneseprofessorpassedtoharmtoprognosticatetheanti-earthquakedesigntheoriesthatputforwardwiththetheoriesunderstandingatthattimetothelimitedearthquake,beingapplicabletoonlyjustrigidbodystructure.Itdidntthink

8、characteristicandtheplacedifferencetoconsiderstructuretotheinfluencethatconstructsstructure.(2) Respondthetablestage:Alongwithvibratetorecordofobtainandthedevelopmentofthestructuredynamicstheories,theBiotaprofessoroftheUnitedStatesputforwardflexibilitytorespondtheconceptofthetablein1940,respondtheta

9、bleislistthefreelyflexiblesystem,itwasobtainofnumerousearthquakesrecordofencourage,thestructureperiodorrespondoftherelation,includetheaccelerationreactiontable,thespeedrespondedatable,movedtorespondatable.Itconsiderthemotivecharacteristicofthestructure,itstillisthefoundationthatallcountriesnormdesig

10、nearthquakedinttakesavalueuptonow.Thecalculationoftheearthquakefunctiondintusuallyuseshearswiththebottomandflapsadecompositiontorespondatableamethod,flappingadecompositiontorespondatableamethodofbasicdefine:Supposethebuildingstructureisthelineflexibilitymorefreedomdegreesystem,makinguseprincipleoffl

11、apadecompositionandflapatype,itwillsolveafreedomdegreetheearthquakeoftheflexiblesystemtorespondtoresolveforsolveanindependenceofetc.theeffectsinglefreedomdegreeflexiblesystemmosttheheavyearthquakerespond.Thenbeggingshouldineachfunctionaffectthatflapsatype.Atthistime,accordingtoconsiderthewaydissimil

12、arityoftheearthquakefunction,adoptadifferentarray,groupmethod,orderflexiblesystemtomanyqualitiesoftheflatsurfacevibration,itcanuseaSRSSmethod,itisaccordingtosupposetheimportationearthquakeassteadyrandomprocess,eachofaflapreactionisindependentmutuallybutdeducetoget;Forconsidereven-twistsmanyqualities

13、thatthelotusconnecttoorderflexiblesystem,theadoptionCQCmethod,itliesinwiththemaindifferentiationoftheSRSSmethod:Supposewhenflatsurfacevibrateeachflapatypeindependentmutually,andeachcontributionthatflapatypeincreasedalongwiththefrequencyhighbutlower；Buteven-twistlotusconnecthoureachflapafrequencyspan

14、verysmall,closetogetherandhigherflapthefrequencyofthetypeandmayneartothisrelativitythatwillconsideradissimilaritytoflapaverymuch,alsohaveinfluenceofturnroundtheweightandnotnecessarilyincreasealongwiththefrequencyhighbutlower,sometimeshigherflaptheinfluencepossibilityofthetypebiginlowerflaptheinfluen

15、ceofthetype,itwillconsidermoreinfluencesthatflapatypewhilecomparingSRSS.Thebottomshearsthedintmethodinconsiderationofthespecialofthestructuresystemtothesimplificationthatflapsadecompositiontorespondtocomposeamethod,bethebuildingheightnotbig,tookshearingtoslicetotransformasthelordandthequalitytofollo

16、wheighttodistributemoreevenstructurewithdegreejust,thestructurevibrationmovedtorespondusuallywiththefirstflappedatypeforlord,andwhenthefirstflappedatypetoneartointhestraightline,canflapadecompositionmethodsimplificationtoshearthedintmethodcalculationformulaforthebasicbottom.Thelevelearthquakefunctio

17、nthateachqualitythatthisbasicformulacalculationgetordercanbetterreflectionjustdegreebiggerstructure,butwhenstructurethebasicperiodwaslong,theplacecharacteristicperiodtocomparewithhour,thecalculationincomecopingearthquakefunctionbepartialtosmall,ofcourse,theAnti-earthquakeNormprovision,bethestructure

18、basicperiodmorethan1.4placecharacteristicperiod,atcopingadditionallevelearthquakefunction.(3)themotivetheoriesstage:Alongwithmoveunderstandingandcomprehendtotheearthquakeofdeepencontinuously,knowtosomeshortageofthereactiontable,suchastotheearthquakemoveholdofinfluenceconsiderationnotweek,andtheexalt

19、ationofthecalculatorfunction,makethemotivemethoddevelopgradually,itsessencesolvesasquaredistanceofmotivedirectly,butbecauseofearthquakethegroundsportaccelerationisveryirregular,itcantbegfordifferentialcalculussquaredistance,itshutstomatchasolution,soadoptnumberintegralcalculusmethodmore.Usualwayofdo

20、ingiscarryonacontinuouscentasegmentaprocessingtowardshavingalreadyrecordoftheearthquakewave,eachdataallseedotheconstant,thenthefunctiongettostructureup,passanequilibriumandsquaredistanceofmotivetobegatthemomentoftheacceleration,speed,movereaction,movingwithex-theacceleration,speed,thesegmenttocarryo

21、nfoldingtoaddimmediatelyafterfoldingtheresultforaddasthebeginningthatdescendsatthattimeasegmenttostartadata,pushingaccordingtothiskind,endbegstructureatthegiveforlowweekagainandagaintheearthquakewaveunderoftheacceleration,speedandmovethedintreactionvarietyprocess.(4) AtAmericanNorthridgeearthquakein

22、1994andJapaneseKobeearthquakein1995after,thebeautifuldayscholarputforwardagainaccordingtotheanti-earthquakedesignmethodofbehavior,itwasduringtheperiodofusagetomakethebuildingstructuresatisfyvariousrequeststhatusedfunctionaccordingtothebasicthoughtofbehavior.Traditionaccordingtothedesignmethoddissimi

23、larityofthedint,adjudicatetothestructurefunctionmainlyisaccordingtomovestandard,moveindexsigntocomewiththedifferenttothestructurefunctiontocarryonadifferentcontrol.Butdescendstructurebecauseofthebigearthquakeofnot-flexibletransformhardandaccurateestimateof,maketocanstayaroundaccordingtothedesignmeth

24、odofbehaviortheoretically.Butputforwarditsaggressivemeaningtohave2:00atleast:a. Emphasizethesystemandthesocietyoftheearthquakeengineering;b. Thepartthatknowsanoriginalanti-earthquaketodesignnormisunsuitedtoreasonableness.Conductandactionsaccordingtothefoundationofthefunctionanti-earthquakedesign,sho

25、uldtotheparticularlevelearthquakefunctionofacertaincovariancemeaningunderofthestructuremove,thespeedandaccelerationcarryonaccuratevaluation,shouldalsohaveareasonableofvaluationmethodwithavailablevaluationtool.Itisexactlybecauseofthispurpose,putforwardanddevelopedthePushovermethodandabilitytocomposea

26、method.ThebasicwayofthinkingofthePushovermethodisanadoptionthequietdintaddtocarry,supposingthesideofthesomepennyclothformtowardlotustocarryafunctiononthestructure,addingtocarrygraduallyuntilattainthestructurecontrolpointtargettomoveorthestructurebreak,gettingthelevelsideofthecontrolpointtomovetoshea

27、rthedintrelationcurvewithsubstratethus,evaluatinginordertotheanti-vibrationabilityofthestructure.ThePushovermethoddependsontodistributeaformandplaytheplasticityreactiontabletargettomovetoreallysettleinthesideforce.2.BasicWayOfThinkingofFrameStructureAnti-earthquakeDesignductilityStandardAftertheflex

28、ibilityrespondtableputforward,thepeoplesdetectioncomputestogainfromhereofthestructurerespondwiththeactualearthquakethebreakagephenomenonofthestructurecontaincertainantinomy,mainlyispresstheflexibilityreactiontabletocalculateofthestructurerespondedtheaccelerationashabitualtodesigntheearthquakedinttot

29、aketobeworthbigquiteafewatthattimedoubly,andtooktosettleaccordingtothehabitualofthefunctionofthedesignearthquakedintdescendsthehousestructureofdesign,theharmofthestructuresystemwasn,tseriousintheearthquake.60slastcentury,theNewmarkpassedtostarttothebeginningofdifferentperiodjustdegreehomologyofthesi

30、nglefreedomdegreethesystemcarriedonanalysisunderthesituationthatmanywavesinput,putforwardetc.movedtheprincipleandetc.energyprinciple,andputforwardtheconceptofthestructureductility.Studiedsingleandfreesystemtoacceptdefeatthelevelandflexibilitythoroughlyagainfromtherelationofflappedthebiggestnot-flexi

31、blemotiveintheperiodandstructuretorespondafterward,thisbecustomarilysayofthetheoriesoftheR-Teffect.Passingtheseresearches,announcingtopublictheductilityabilityandplasticitytoconsumeanabilityisastructureBetakingtousetoacceptdefeatlevelundernothighcircumstance,atbigearthquakeunderthestructuredoesnttak

32、eplaceseveritytobreakanddoesntdonttumbledownofassurance.Arrivehere,concerningthedesignearthquakedintstakingthebasicproblemofthevaluesizehavetoarriveunderstandingdefinitely,betheanti-earthquaketheearthquakedinttakeavalueofthesizeisntanumberofassurance,butwiththestructureductilityfunctionandconsumethe

33、abilitymechanismrelatedquantityvalue.HerewhattoneedtobeexplainBE,designedtheearthquakedinttotakeavaluetoresolveaproblemonly,buttothestructureductilityfunctionguaranteeofthemeasurehavetocanalsopromise,thiswillatunderneathasectiondiscuss.Currently,theanti-earthquakenormsallroundtheworldalmostadoptssoa

34、kindofwayofthinking:Theadoptionpressestheearthquakestrongorweakofpossiblesituationtodividethelineearthquakecentarea;Accordingtoeveryplacethehistoryoccurrenceoftheareaearthquakeofcovarianceresultortogeologystructureofthehistoryinvestigatetohavetoexplicitstatisticsthemeaningestablishthesportpeakvaluei

35、nwaterproofandquasi-groundvalueacceleration;Makeuseofagainthereactionaccelerationthattheaccelerationreactioncomposesdifferentperiodtodescendstructureto;getadesigntouseaccelerationlevelthroughtheearthquakedintadjustmentcoefficientR.Inthemeantime,mostnationsallapprovesuchstandpoint,establishingtodefen

36、dtheearthquakeintensitylevelcantaketouseadifferentvalue,choosingtousetoestablishtodefendtheearthquakeintensitylevelmoreandhighly,theductilityrequestofthestructurealsomorelow,choosetousetoestablishtodefendtheearthquakeintensitylevelmoreandlowly,structureofductilityrequestmorehigh.Thestructureductilit

37、yguaranteeofpreconditionistheductilityofthemember,passagainaneffectivelyreasonableconjunctioninadoptingaseriesofmeasureguaranteememberthefoundationoftheductility,thestructuresystemchoiceisreasonableinthemeantime,thedegreejustdistributesreasonableofunderconditionabilitybasicassurancestructureofductil

38、ity.Underneaththiskindofdiscussestheourcountryanti-earthquakenormmostlywayofthinking,thecurrentChinesenormdidntadoptavarietytoestablishtodefendtheearthquakeintensityleveltotaketouse,butdon,TedaddadistinctionofunifyanadoptionoftheearthquakedintadjustmentcoefficientR=l0.35Jnthemeantime,mostlyaccording

39、toestablishadissimilarityofdefendtheearthquakeintensity,dividethelinethedifferentanti-earthquakegrade,fixattentiononinestablishtodefendearthquakeintensitydifferently,adopttheantiearthquakemeasureofthedifferentassuranceductility.Veryobvioushereexistamisunderstandingofconcept,alsobeaccordingtothetheor

40、iesoftheR-Teffect,thelittlemorethanearthquakedintadjustmentcoefficientR=1/0.35,shouldgivethesameductilityguaranteemeasuretothestructure,buttheChinesenormadoptthedifferentductilityguaranteemeasure,alongwithanti-earthquaketheexaltationofthegrade,ductilityguaranteetheabilitycorrespondtostrengthen.Thisk

41、indofusefulnessofthewayofdoingunderwayandnotthelinemotiverespondofverification,candescribesoasaresultmostly:Forthedistrictof8degrees0.3gand9degrees0.4g,becauseofcorrespondoftheanti-earthquakegradeishigher,themeasureoftheguaranteeductilityisalsostronger,sogenerallyandmoresafe;Andforthedistrictof6degr

42、ees0.05gand7degrees0.1g,gainfromheretoofthelevelearthquakeeffectbepartialtosmall,thegenerallotuscarriesanarray,groupiscarriedthecontrolfunctionbythegravitylotus,althoughtoshouldofthemeasureoftheguaranteeductilityisntverystrong,canalsoguaranteestructuregenerallyunderthebigearthquakeofnot-flexibletran

43、sformoffunction;Buttothedistrictof7degrees0.15gand8degrees0.2g,circumstanceanotherthepersonworry,becauseofatthelotuscarryanarray,group,theearthquakefunctioncanhavegenerallycontrolfunction,butcorrespondmeasureofguaranteetheductilityandbepartialtoweak,sodifficultdontneedtoexistcertainpotentialsafetyha

44、zardtosufferfrom.SeeagainothernationalearthquakedintadjustmentcoefficientRtochoosetouse,inordertohavekeptconcreteunderstandingofview:TheearthquakedintadjustmentcoefficientofallcountriesnormprovisionEuropeancommonbodyEC8NewZealandNZS3101AmericanUBC1997ChineseGB50011-2(X)1TheDC,L,lowductility2.5Thefle

45、xibilityrespondsstructure1.25Generalframe3.51/035s2.86IntheDCMductility3.75Limitedductilitystructure3.0Mediumframe5.5TheDCHhighductility5.0Ductilitystructure6.0Specialframe8.53.AbilityDesignMethodTopapartemphasizedtodiscussthedesignearthquakedinttotaketheproblemofthevalue,butwantedtopromisestructure

46、underthebigearthquakeoffunction,alsoneedtoestablishthevalidanti-earthquakemeasure,makethestructurereallyhaveneedofkeepverticalloadingunderthedintconditionnot-flexibletransformanability,thisbetheso-calledabilitydesignmethod.AbilitydesignmethodfromNewZealandthereinforcedconcreteanti-earthquakeexpertsc

47、holarssuchastheT.ParlayandtheR.Parketc.developmentwithinitiate,mainwayofthinkingistothememberoccasionallymemberdissimilarityinsidethepieceissubjectedtothedintformoftheloadingabilitydifferofcontrol,promisethereinforcedconcretestructureformationthebeamswingjointorganizationandductilitybiggeriscutnoodl

48、estobesubjectedtothedintbreakageappearance,makethestructurehavetoplayplasticitytotransformfunctionenough,promisebigearthquakehourhaveanenoughabilitytoconsumetospreadfunction,avoidcreationbrittlenesstobreakandappeardisadvantageousoforganizationform.Thekeyoftheabilitydesignmethodistheanti-earthquakede

49、signthatleadsthecontrolconceptintostructure,thereistheleadingformationofthepurposetothebeneficialbreakagemechanismistothestructureandbreakmode,avoidnotreasonableofthestructurebreakappearance,andtryassurancetoanticipatetobreakparttoplayplasticitytotransformanability.Theabilitydesignmethodmainlypassesthefollowingthreekindsofmeasuretogiveassurance:1. Enlargepillaroppositeintheanti-ofthebeam-curvedability,artificialofleadingofthestructureswingjointpart.2. Ra