03代词与介词(解析版).docx
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1、03代词和介词代词1.代词可以分为以下八大类1人称代词主格I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they宾格me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them形容词性物主代词my,your,his,her,its,our,their名词性物主代词mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,theirs2反身代词myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves3指示代词this,that,these,those,such,some4疑问代词who,whom,whose,whi
2、ch,what,whoever,whichever,whatever5关系代词/连接代词that,which,who,whom,whose,as6不定代词one/some/any,each/every,none/no,many/much,few/little/afew/alittleother/another,all/both,neither/either7相互代词eachother,oneanotherII.不定代词用法注意点类另J区另U例句one,some,any和itone可以泛指人或者事(东西),其复数为。nesWe,vebeenlookingatthehousesbuthaven,t
3、foundWelikeyet.A.oneB.onesC.itD.them(2)Carsdocauseussomehealthproblemsinfactfarmoreseriousthanmobilephonesdo.A.oneB.onesC.itD.thosesome可用于疑问句中,表示盼望得到肯定的答复,或者表示建议,请求等一Yourcoffeesmellsgreat!一It,sfromMexico.Wouldyoulike?A.itB.someC.thisD.littlesome和any修饰可数名词单数时,some表示某个,any表示任何一个Ihavereadthisarticleins
4、omemagazine.Pleasecorrectthemistakes,ifany.(2)WhichofthethreewaysshallItaketothevillage?-wayasyouplease.A.EachB.EveryCAnyD.Eitherone指同类中的一个,it指代同一种类的东西。此外让还可以作形式主语、形式宾语和用于强调句型中。一Thereisstillacopyofthebookinthelibrary.Willyougoandborrow?一No,dratherbuyinthebookstore.A.it;OneB.one;oneC.one;itD.it;itsom
5、e多用于肯定句,any多用于疑问句和否定句(T)There,scookingoilinthehouse.Wouldyougotothecornerstoreandget.A.little,someB.little,anyC.alittle,someD.alittle,anyWehadthreesetsofgardentoolsandWeseemedtohavenousefor.A.noneB.eitherC.anyD.each(3)Hedoesn,thavefurnitureinhisroom-justanolddesk.A.anyB.manyC.someD.mucheach和everyeac
6、h强调个别,代表的数可以是两个或两个以上,而every强调整体,所指的数必须是三个或三个以上EaChstudenthasapocketdictionary.Each(ofus)hasadictionary.=Weeachhaveadictionay.EVerystudenthasstrongandweakpoints./Everyoneofushasstrongandweakpoints.none和nono等于notany,作定语。none作主语或宾语,代替不可数名词,谓语用单数,代替可数名词,谓语单复数皆可以(DThereisnowaterinthebottle.(2)Howmuchwate
7、risthereinthebottle?None.(3)Noneofthestudentsare(is)afraidofdifficulties.other和anotherother泛指“另外的,别的”常与其他词连用,如:theotherday,everyotherweek,someotherreason,nootherway,theOther特指两者中的另外一个,复数为theothers(T)Bothsideshaveaccusedofbreakingthecontract.A.anotherB.theOtherC.neitherD.each(2)Twostudentsinourclassf
8、ailed,butalltheotherspassedtheexam.another指“又一个,另一个”无所指,复数形式是others,泛指“别的人或事,(T)Wehadapicniclasttermanditwasalotoffun,solet,shaveonethismonth.A.theotherB.someC.anotherD.other(2)Thetrousersaretoolong,pleasegivemeanotherpair/someothers.(3)Somelikefootball,whileotherslikebasketball.either和neither前者意思为:
9、两者都(两者中任何一方都);后者意思为:两者都-Doyouwantteaorcoffee?一,Ireallydon,tmind.A.noneB.neitherC.eitherD.allItwashardforhimtolearnEnglishinafamily,inwhichoftheparentsspokethelanguage.A.noneB.neitherC.bothD.each易混知识:易混1:代词用法例句it替代前面提到过的同一个人或物。Thisisournewcar.Weboughtityesterday.这是我们的新车。我们昨天买的。one/onesone用来替代前面出现的单数可
10、数名词,是泛指概念,相当于“a/an十单数可数名词,其复数形式为onesoItsstandardpracticeforacompanylikethisonetoemployasecurityOffiCer.像这样的公司雇用一名保安是惯例。Hardbedsarehealthierthansoftones.硬板床比软床更有利于健康。that/thosethat用来替代前面出现的同类的名词(可以是可数名词,也可以是不可数名词),是同类替代,但并非同一个。指代单数可数名词,相当于theoneo其复数形式为those,相当于theonesoToherjoy,Deliaearnedfirstthetrus
11、tofherstudentsandthenthatofherConeagUeS.让德拉高兴的是,她首先赢得了学生们的信任,接着又获得了同事们的信任。that/those此外,在口语中,也可用those来替代表特指的复数名词,尤其是当其后有Of引导的介词短语或who引导的定语从句修饰。Atourfactorythereareafewmachinessimilartothosewhichhavebeendescribedinthismagazine.在我。J工厂有一些机器和这本杂志中所描述的那些机器很相似。易混2代词的部分否定和全部否定(1)all,both,everyone/everybody/
12、everything以及“every+名词”都表示全部肯定;当not出现在含有表示全部肯定意义的不定代词的句子中,不管not在它们之前还是在它们之后,都表示部分否定C此外,not与总括性的副词,如everywhere,always,entirely,completely,wholly,altogether等连用时也表示部分否定。BothofthemhaventreadthisStOry.他们俩并非都读过这个故事。Notallofthemsmoke.=AllQfthemdontSmOke.他们当中不是所有人都吸烟。Suchathingcan,tbefoundeverywhere.这种事并不是每个
13、地方都能见到。(2)neither,noone,none,nobody,nothing,notany/either,以及“no+名词都表示全部否定。Nothingcanstophimgoingthere.没有什么事情能阻止他去那里。巩固练习:l.Itwillalsohelp(they)betterunderstandthelifecycleofstars.2 .Unlike(it)seeminglysimpleappearance,makingaguqinisextremelydemanding.3 .Havingfailedtoachievehisworldlyambitions,hegav
14、euptheideaofmakingmoneyanddevoted(he)tovolunteerwork.4 .TaiChidramaticallyimprovesmusclestrengthandflexibility,whichmakeseasiertorecoverfromastumble(绊侄IJ).5 .MarkwhisperedsosoftlythatbutJulieheardhim.6 .China,swritingsystemisastrongbridgelinkingChinesepeopleandthecultureofthepresentwithofthepast.7 .
15、ManyWesternerswhocometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheapcanbetoeatout.8 .Mikesideasarealwaysdifferentfrom(our),andWeallliketoaskhimforadvice.9 .Betterstill,theextrawatercouldbedirectedtothedryChengduPlain,makingsuitableforfarming.10.AstheHanshiFestivalisonetotwodaysahea
16、doftheQingmingFestival,graduallygetcombinedwithoneanother.解析:1. them句意为:这也将帮助他们更好地了解恒星的生命周期。设空处应用宾格形式作宾语,故填them。2. its句意为:与看似简单的外观不同,制作古琴的要求非常高。设空处修饰名词appearance,应用形容词性物主代词。故填itso3. himself句意为:由于未能实现他的世俗抱负,他放弃了赚钱的想法,使自己投入到志愿工作中。devoteoneselfto.为固定搭配,意为“某人致力于/献身于故填himself。4. it句意为:太极拳能极大地提升肌肉的力量和灵活性,
17、使人更容易从绊倒(受的伤)中恢复过来。分析句子结构可知,此处为“动词+it+adj.+todosth.”结构,设空处作定语从句的谓语动词makes的形式宾语,真正的宾语为torecoverfromastumble,故填ito5. nobody/none句意为:马克如此轻声低语,以至于只有朱莉听到他说话了。根据句意可知,此处表示“除了朱莉之外没有人听到他说话“,设空处意为“没有人”,应用nobody/noneo故填nobody/none06. those句意为:中国的文字体系是一座将现在的和过去的中国人民和中国文化连接起来的坚固的桥梁。设空处指代上文提到的Chinesepeopleandthec
18、ulture,表示复数含义,应用thoseo故填thoseo7. it句意为:许多来到中国的西方人一旦意识到外出就餐有多便宜,他们做饭的次数就会比在自己的国家少得多。分析句子结构可知,设空处为how引导的宾语从句的形式主语,动词不定式短语toeatout为从句中真正的主语,故填it。8. ours句意为:迈克的想法总是与我们的不同,我们都喜欢向他征求意见。设空处作from的宾语,指代OUrideas,应用名词性物主代词,故填OUrs。9. it句意为:更好的是,多余的水可以被引到干旱的成都平原,使它适合农业耕种。分析句子结构可知,设空处应用it指代前面提到的thedryChengduPlain
19、,故填it。10. they句意为:由于寒食节比清明节早一到两天,它们彼此逐渐结合在一起。设空处作主句主语,指代上文出现的theHanshiFestival11theQingmingFestival,为两个节日,应用主格形式they。故填they。语法填空:HandanliesattheeastfootofTaihangMountains,andborderstheNorthChinaPlainintheeast.1.(it)climatefeaturesfourclearseasons.Itisdryand2.(wind)inspring,hotandrainyinsummer.Thewea
20、therismildandcoolinautumnandchillyinwinter.3.(locate)inthesouthofHebeiProvince,HandanisthetransportationhubofHebei9Henan,ShanxiandShandong,about200kilometersawayfrom4.capitalcitiesofthesefourprovincesandabout450kilometersawayfromBeijingandTianjin.5.(be)animportanttransportationcenter,Handanpossesses
21、theintegratedmeansoftransport,includingrailway,highwayandaviation,6.serve13citiesnearbywithapopulationofabout70million.Handanisalsoafamoushistoricalandculturalcity.TheCishanCulture?.(make)thisareaaglowingpearlintheCentralPlainsofChinaabout8,000yearsago.Handanisregarded8.themosttime-honoredcityinHebe
22、i.Itusedtobeapolitical,economicandculturalcenterofnorthernChina.Theidiomisoneofthe9.(reresentative)ofancientcultureinHandan.Amongtheidiomspeopleuseindailylife,thereare1,584ofthemfromorrelatedtoHandan.What,smore,Handanhasmanyscenicspotsfortourists10.(visit),suchastheWahuangPalaceandJingniangLake.Trav
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