易错点08 短文填空（解析版）.docx

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1、2024年中考英语满分冲刺之易错题轻松突破易错点08短文填空备战2024年中考英语考试易错题（广东专用）题型分析短文填空是广东地区中考英语试卷最难的题目之一，它的分值是15分，共有10个小题，每小题1.5分，占整份英语试题分值的12.5%（15/120）o短文填空一般在一篇200-250词左右的故事性短文中挖出10个空（一般一行或一句一个空,首句不设空），要求学生通读短文，并根据上下文来补全短文，每空只能填一个单词（不能填数字）。主要考九大词类（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、数词、介词、连词、冠词）。该题旨在测试考生的英语阅读理解能力和简单的书面表达能力，看其是否能够运用所学过的英语知识进行

2、简单的书面交流，从而达到既考查学生的语言基础知识，又考查他们的观察能力、联想能力以及对语言的综合运用能力的目的。短文填空答题技巧1.通读全文，掌握大意短文填空与完形填空一样，属于障碍性阅读，但它的难度比完形填空还要高，因为完形填空有四个备选答案，而短文填空没有提供备选答案，要求考生既能想得到答案，还要写得对单词。所以在解题时，先通读全文，对全文有个大概了解。2 .运用所学知识和技巧，逐项填空，先易后难读完一遍，对短文内容有大概了解后，运用所学的知识与技巧，根据文章的大意，逐个填空。容易的先填，难的做标记后先跳过，等做完其他题目后再回到标记处填空。绝对不能留空。3 .核对答案全部题目完成后，再复

3、读一遍，核查答案：(1)检查答案时要注意动词的时态、语态；(2)检查名词时要注意其单复数形式；(3)检查形容词和副词的三个级别；(4)检查习惯用语、固定搭配等是否符合习惯；(5)检查上下文的连贯性，以及所填词是否符合逻辑。词形变化为了答好短文填空题目，我们要打好基础关。这个基础关既包括1600个单词，300多个短语以及一部分常用句型和习惯用语的意思和用法，也包括各种词的词形变化。此处重点介绍在短文填空中常考的名词和动词的词形变化。此处重点介绍在短文填空中常考的名词和动词的词形变化。名词的词形变化所填名词为不可数名词或单复数同形(ChiiIeSe,Japanese,fish,deer,sheep

4、)。所填名词为可数名词，按以下规则变化形式：1 .空格前有显性等于1的标志词(a;an;one;either;each;every;this;that)时，后面名词用单数形式。2 .空格前有显性大于1的标志词(two.；some/any;alotof;anumberof;agreatmany;many;hundredsof;several;oneof+theall;between;among;both;these;those时，后面名词用复数形式。3 .空格前没有显性标志词时，从上下文寻找隐性标志词来决定所填名词的单复数形式。动词的词形变化所填动词要根据时态、语态以及语法要求，按所需的形式填写

5、。具体变化如下：1 .符合以下5种情况时，后面动词用原形(1)空格前有情态动词(Can,could,may,might,must,should,need)时。(2)空格前有不定式符号“to”时(3)空格前有助动词(do,does,did,will,would.)时。(4)空格前有不定式省to的使役动词(let,make,have,help.)时。(5)某些固定句型。2 .符合以下3种情况时，后面动词用ig形式(1)空格前有be动词(is,am,are,was,were.),并表示进行时态时。(2)空格前有如下标志词(avoid;mind;finish;practice;enjoy;介词.)时。

6、(3)某些固定句型。3 .符合以下两种情况时，后面的动词用过去分词形式(1)空格前有be动词(is,am,are,was,were.),但表示被动语态时。(2)空格前有have,has表示现在完成时时4 .空格前后有过去时间标志词(ago,yesterday,last,in+过去时间,justnow,theotherday.)或隐性的暗示时，后面的动词用过去式。5 .主语是第三人称单数(he,she,it.),且时态用一般现在时，动词用+ses的形式。1.astwinterholiday,lvisitedavillagewithonly11houses._1_thevillagewasvery

7、small,Ispentawholedayinit.Thevillagebecamepopularbecause_2_GrandpaHuangshardwork.Heboughtahousethereover30years3,butin2010thevillagewastobepulleddown.Inordertosavetheoldvillage,GrandpaHuangpaintedonthewallsof_4_ownhouseandotherhou-ses.Heprintedthingsthatheliked.Inthevillage,thereweremanypaintingsof_

8、5_,suchascatsandbirds.Themostpopularpaintingsforvisitorswereoffamouspeople.OneofthemwasapictureofAndy.Hewasmy6singer.IlikedhimsomuchthatIaskedavisitorto7aphotoofthatpaintingandme.Onthegroundofthevillage,GrandpaHuanghaspainted8lotofwell-knownChinesesayings.Fromthem,GrandpaHuanglearnedtolivealongandha

9、ppy9.Ireallyhadagoodtimeinthevillage_10_wishedtovisititagain.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.参考答案：1.ThoughZAIthough考查从属连词。理解句意:尽管村庄非常小,但我还是在里面度过了一整天时间。由此知,本复合句中的从句是让步状语从句，应用ThOUgh/Although连接。2.of考查介词。句意:这个村庄受欢迎是因为黄爷爷的辛勤劳动。由句意知，这里用固定短语becauseof引导原因状语。故填of。3 .ago考查副词。句意:他在30多年前买了这个房子,但在2010年这个村庄要拆除。“30多年前”用over3

10、0yearsago表达。故填ago。4 .his考查形容词性物主代词。句意:为了拯救这个村庄,黄爷爷在自家和别人房子的墙壁上作画。“某某自家的用OndSOWn表达。由句意知,这里用his。5 .animals考查名词。从空后“suchascatsandbirds（比如猫和鸟）”推知句意:在这个村庄里，有许多关于动物的画。故填animals.6 .favouritefavorite考查形容词。从下文知，作者喜欢这个歌手并在歌手图画旁边拍自己的照片。由此知,Andy是作者最喜欢的歌手。“最喜欢，用favourite/favorite表达。7 .take考查动词。句意:我非常喜欢这位歌手，我请一个参

11、观者拍一张我和图画上这位歌手的合影。拍照片用takeaphoto表达。故填take8 .a考查冠词。句意:在这个村庄的地面上,黄爷爷已经画了许多众所周知的汉语格言。“许多”用alotof表达。故填a。9 .1ife考查名词。句意:从那时起,黄爷爷学会了过一个长久而幸福的生活。由句意知填名词Iife0IOaid考查并列连词。句意:我在这个村庄真的玩得很愉快,并且我还希望再次来参观它。由句意知,前后动作是“递进”关系,应用and连接。第一部分考题再现(1)ConfuciusisthegreatestteacherinChinesehistory.HewasbornonSeptember28th,5

12、51B.C.intheKingdomof1.u,intodaysShandongProvince.Whenhewasyoung,heandhismotherhadahardlife.At1_ageoffifteen,hebegantoIeammusic,andhedidwel1 init.Thenhewentonlearningothersubjects.Whenhewasthirty,he2ateacher.HeStartedhisownschool.Hebelievedeveryoneshouldhaveachancetogeteducationwhethertheywere_3_orpo

13、or.Hehadabout3,0004andmanyofthembecamefamous.ChineseseeConfuciusasthegreatestthinker5hadmanywiseideasabouthumannatureandbehavior.Andheisalsoregarded6thegreatestteacher.Hismostimportantideasareaboutkindnessand7manners.Hesaidyoungpeopleshould8careoftheold.Peopleshouldnotonlyalwaysthinkofthemselves,but

14、workfor9.Hisideasarearoundinpeopleseverydaylife.Todaypeoplecanstillheartheideas,andtheyevengofarin-toeast10southAsia.1.2.324.5.6.7.8.9.10.(2)Onceuponatime,agroupofmencametoarainforest.Theywouldtakepart_1aracethere.Onenight,whentheysatdownforfood,adogappeared.Slowly,itcameclosetothem.Itlookedhungry,s

15、otheygaveitsomemeat.As_2_result,thedogfollowedthemeverywhere.Themenspedupmanytimestopreventthedog_3_followingthem.Buteachtimeit_4upwiththem.Theywentonwiththeirrace,whichincludedhiking,climbingmountain,andrunning.Itlastedforseveraldays.Oneday,theywentboatingtoadestination(0的地).Theythoughtthedogmight_

16、1up.To_6_surprise,thedogjumpedintotheriverandswamtowardstheirboat.Theyweresomovedbythedog_7_tearscametotheireyesandtheyletthedogintotheboat.Whentheracewasover,theywereall_8_,andwantedtohavearest.Justthentheyfoundthedogwascoveredwithwounds.Tosavethedog,theydecidedtotakeittothe_9.Afteritreceivedthetre

17、atment,itgotbetter_10_.Nowthemenregardeditasoneoftheirfamilymembers.1. 2.314.5.6. 7.8.9.10.(3)JasonandAndyaretwins.Theysharealotofthings,includingroom,foodandtoys.OneSaturday,JasonandAndywentouttoplaywithatoycar.Bothofthemwantedtobetheownerofthecar,sotheyshoutedeachother.Theirmotherheardtheboysargui

18、ng.Shecameoutandtoldthemtotake2toplaywiththetoycar,butthetwinswouldnt.Afewdayslater,Motherbroughtapetdoghome.Can,tweeachhave3ownpetdog?Maskedtheboys.Theywere4ofsharingeverything.“No!ThedogmustbeShared.Mothersaid.t4Youwillhavetofeedthedogandmake5itdoesnotgetintoanythingwrong.”Severaldayslater,thedogg

19、otintomothersroomsecretlyandmade6messthere.Jasonsawthedogplayingwithmothersclothes.HequicklywenttofindAndyandtoldhim7thedoghaddone.“Oh,no!It,sourdutyto8upthemess!”criedAndy.Theboyspickeduptheclothes_9putthemawayrapidly.tJustthink,Jason,saidAndy,uwhatabigmesstwodogswouldmade!”“I10withyou,“laughedJaso

20、n,Maybesharingisn,tsobad!”1.2.314.5.6.7.8.9.10.（4）Musicisgoodforus.Accordingtothenewstudy（研究）fromtheWorldHealthOrganization（WHO）,musiccanmakeushappierandhealthier.For1,whenIfeeltired,listeningtosomeclassicalmusichelpsmerelax.WhenFmdown,Ipreferpopmusic2ofhopeandenergy（能量）.3iseasyformetofallasleepwith

21、softmusic.Somedoctorshavefoundafact-people4lovemusicmaylivelonger.Nearmyneighborhoodmanandhiswifeown5smallmusichousewithmoodmu-sic（情调音乐）.Teenagersliketospendtimeherewhilemusiciansare6differentkindsofmusic.Sometimes,weareluckytohearsomefamoussingerssingsongswritten7them-selves.Thesongsare8beautifulth

22、atwesingalongwiththem.Wecommunicatewithoneanotherinthisspeciallanguage.ThemostmovingmusicisChinesefolkmusic.It_9_onlyremindsusoftheolddaysbutalsobringsussweetmemories.Everyoneofus,richorpoor,youngorold,mayhaveat10_onefavouritesong.Musicwillbetogetherwithusforever.1. 2.3i4.5.6. 7.8.9.10.（5）Xi,anceleb

23、ratedthefirst-everChinaHanfuDayonApril18.Therewerecatwalkshows（秀）andtraditionalmusicconcertswhich1heldbypeoplewearingtraditionalChineseclothing.HanfufansfromalloverChinagatheredtheretotake2andputthemonlineforaHanfuphotocompetition,whichlasteduntilMay18.ChinaHanfuDayisonthethirddayofthethird3oftheChi

24、neseIUnarCaIendar（农历），whichissaidtobethebirthdayof4YellowEmperor.InancientChina,thisdaywasalsoknown5ShangsiFeStiVa1（上巳节）.ItspurposeistoencourageyoungChineseto6prideintraditionalclothing,aswellasChineseculture.HanfuisthetraditionalclothingoftheHanpeople7livedinChinabeforetheQingDynasty.Ithasahistoryo

25、fabout3,000yearsandithaschangedgreatlysofar.However,someof8mainCharaCteriStics（特点）remain.Forexample,therearetwopartsthatOVer-IaP（交叠）onthefront,whichisCaIledjiaoling,AnothermaincharacteristicofHanfiiisthatitusuallyusesribbons（系带）insteadofbuttons.Chinaisbecomingaleadingcountryintheworld,andtheChinesep

26、ublicfeelsmoreconfidentaboutitstraditionalculture9everbefore.Wearingtraditionalclothingmightbeaninterestingwayofshowing10theyfeelaboutthis.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.参考答案(1)1 .theattheageof为固定搭配，意为“在岁时”,故填the。2 .became句意:当他30岁时,他成为一名老师become“成为”结合句意可知应该用其过去式became.3 .rich根据后面的orpoor可知应该填rich“富有4 .students

27、根据常识可知孔子有3000名学生。5 .who分析句子的结构可知本句是定语从句,先行词是thinker“思想家”关系代词应该用who6 .asregard.as“把看作结合句意可知填as.7 .goodgreat句意:他的重要思想是关于仁慈和好的礼仪。good/greatmanners有*礼貌的故填goodgreat.8 .taketakecareof照顾”是固定短语。故填take9.others人们不应该仅仅考虑自己，而且要考虑别人。OtherS表示“其他人”,故填others.10.and句意:现在人们仍然能听到他的思想，甚至他的思想传到东亚和南亚。east和SOUth是并列关系,故用并列

28、连词and(2)1 .intakepartin为固定短语,意为“参与.活动”，故填in。2 .a由前句他们给它肉吃,推知后句:因此它到处跟着他们。asaresult意为“因此”。3 .from句意:这些人加快速度,以阻止狗跟着他们。PreVenJfrom意为“阻止去做”4 .caughlcatchupwith表达赶上”之意用，文章讲述过去的事情,用一般过去时态。故填caught.5 .give句意为:他们认为这条狗可能会放弃。giveup为固定短语,意为“放弃”;此句是主动语态,情态动词might之后跟原形。6 .theirtoone,ssurprise使某人惊讶的是。7 .that.so.t

29、hat如此以至于8 .tired由后文andwantedtohavearest.推知前文意为:他们都很累。故填tired。9 .hospital根据下文的receivedtheIrealmen1.可知小狗被送去医院。10.soon句意:它接受治疗后,很快就好了，soon表示时间间隔短,时间上很快，故填SOOn。(3)1.atshoutat为固定短语,意为“对大声喊2.turns句意:她出来告诉他们轮流玩玩具车，但这对双胞胎不同意。takeIums为固定短语，意为“轮流3.ouronesown自己的，故填our.4 .tired考查固定搭配。betiredofdoingsth.表示厌倦/厌烦做某

30、事。5 .suremakesure为固定搭配，意为确保6 .amakeamess意为一团糟”,故填a.7 .what考查宾语从句,从句“thedoghaddone”缺少宾语,句意为“告诉他这个狗做了什么”,故用what.8 .cleancleanup为固定短语,意为“打扫”9 .and句意:男孩们拿起衣服,迅速地把它们收起来,由句意知,前后动作是“递进”关系,应用and连接。10 .agree考查固定搭配。agreeWiIhSb.表示同意某人(4)1 .example句意:例如,当我感到疲倦时，听一些古典音乐有助于我放松。forexample为固定短语,意为“例如”。2 .full句意:我更喜

31、欢充满希望与活力的流行音乐。IhemUSiCfUHof.充满音乐。3.lt句意:听着轻音乐,我很容易人睡。固定句式hs+adj.tforsh.todosth.对某人而言,做某事怎样4 .who句意:热爱音乐的人可能会活得更长，本句为定语从句,先行词PeoPIe在从句中作主语，用关系代词who.5 .a句意:在我临近地区，一个男人和他的妻子拥有一个具有音乐情调的房子。house为单数且small以辅音开头,故用不定冠词a表泛指。6 .playing句意:当音乐家演奏不同种类的音乐时,青少年喜欢在这里度过时光。While引导的时间状语从句,从句常用进行时态。playdifferentkindsof

32、music演奏不同种类的音乐。7 .by句意:有时,我们很幸运听到一些著名的歌手唱自己写的歌曲。被动结构中,需要表达动作的执行者时用byosongswrittenbythemselves他们自己写的歌。8.so句意:这些歌曲是如此的美,以至于我们随着他们而唱。so.that如此以至于9.not句意:它不仅让我们想起过去的日子，也给我们带来甜蜜的回忆。notonly.butalso.不但.而且。10.1east句意:我们每个人,无论贫富,年轻或年女都至小右一老,都至少有一首最喜欢的歌。aIIeaSt至少。(5)1 .were句意:有时装走秀和被穿着传统中国服装的人们举行的传统音乐会。which引

33、导的定语从句,which在从句中作主语指代ConCeil,被举行。故填Wereo2 .photostakephotos意为“拍照”,为固定短语。3 .month句意:中国汉服口是在农历第三个月的第三天,这是黄帝的生日。4 .theYellowEmperor为特指的人故用定冠词the05 .as句意:在古代中国,这一天也被作为上巳节而出名。beknownas.作为而出名。6 .take句意:它的目的是鼓励中国年轻人为传统服装和中国文化感到自豪。takepridein意为“以为傲,为固定短语。7 .whothat分析本句句子结构知,本句是含有定语从句的复合句,其先行诃HanPeOPIe,指人，应用

34、关系代词WhO或Ihat引导定语从句。1.1 ts句意:然而,它的一些主要特征依然存在。名词前用形容词性物主代词，故填Itso9 .than句意:中国正在成为世界上领先的国家，中国公众对其传统文化比以前任何时候更自信。more以及后面的everbefore暗示了用Ihan比以前O10 .how句意:穿着传统服装或许是一种表达他们对此怎样感受的有趣方式。用how表示询问怎样的感受。第二部分模拟演练(1)Haveyoueverofferedahelpinghandtothosewhoare_1_trouble?Oneday,twoboyswerewalkingalongtheroadtoschoo

35、lwhentheysaw_2oldwomancarryingalargebasketofpears.Theythoughtthewomanlookedvery_3_.Theywentuptoherandsaid,tAreyougoingtotown?Ifyouare,wewillhelpcarryyourbasket.”ttThankyou,“repliedthewoman._4_areverykind.Youseemweakandill.,Thenshetoldthemthatshewasnowgoingtomarkettosellthepearsfor_5_.“Weareallgoingt

36、othemarket.,saidtheboys.4t1.etushavethebasket.,Andtheytookholdofit,oneeachside.Theywalked_6_withtheheavybasket,buthappily.Theotherday,Isawalittlegirlstopand_7_upapieceoforangepeel(皮)；Twishno-bodywouldthrowthatonthesidewalk,shesaid.Someonemaysteponitand_8_.”Perhapssomemaysaythatthesearenot_9_things.T

37、hatisright.Butsuchalittlethingshowsthatyouhaveathoughtfulmindandafeelingheart.Wecannotwaitforthetimetodogreatthings.Wemust_10_withlittlethingsoflove.1.2.3i4.5.6. 7.8.9.10.(2)MoreandmorepeoplecelebrateMay20thbecauseit,sanonlineValentinesDay(情人节).Therearemanypeopleexpressingdeepfeelingstotheirlovers_1

38、thisspecialday.IjustthinkmsupposedtoshowmylovetomyEnglish2.Shetellsmewhattolearnandhowtolearn.Sheletsmeknowthetruemeaningofknowledgeandlife.Attheageof13,1wantedtoleaveschoolandhave_3_ownlife.TheonlywaythatIcoulddothiswastoworkinthe4inmytown.IwasnervouswhenItoldmyteacher.Ithoughtshewasabouttobe_5with

39、me.ShesurprisedmewhensheSaidJOK!Gotothefactoryassoonaspossible.Twodayslater,shetookmetothefactory.She_6twoandahalfhoursshowingmearoundthefactory.WhileIwasvisitingaround_7factory,Ifounditdifficultformetousethemodernmachines.Iranbacktomyteacher,tIhopetostudyatschoo1.Sheaskedme._8doyouthinkofthetriptot

40、hefactory?,H4Itssobad,Idon,tknowhowtousethemachines,nIreplied.1 wentbacktoschoolthenextday.Afterthat,Igotgoodgradesby_9_hard.10tomyEnglishteacherandourtriptothefactory.IunderstoodEducationismoreimportantthanotherthings.OnMay20,1amgoingtosay,4Iloveyou,mydearteacher.1.2.3：4.5.6.7.8.9.10.(3)Frommyfathe

41、rIhavelearnedalot.Andmverythankfultohim.Irememberwhen1wasachild,myfatheralwaysgotupvery1quietlyputtingonhisclothesandgoingofftowork.Toarriveintimetoopenhissmallstoreat8:30,heneededto2ourapartmentat6:30,tookabusandthenthesubway.Thelastjourneywasalongwalk.Ilearned:3isveryimportanttowork.Noexcuse.WhenI

42、was12Jwenttomyfathersstoreto4out.Afterhelpingsetuptheoutsideclothingdisplay,fortherestoftheday,dwatchtomake_5_noonestoleanything.WhenInoticedsomeonelookingunusualorstrange,Iwouldlookatthepersonintheeye,smileandsay,MayIhelpyou?”Usuallythat6.,butsometimes,someonewouldrunoffwithsome-thing.Thefirsttime,

43、Iran_7thethiefbutmyfathershoutedMartin,stop!Thereisnoneedtodothat.,Itstruethat8ismoreimportantthanmoney.After10yearsofhardwork,hesavedup_9_moneytobuyhisfirstcarhewouldntbuyone10_hecouldaffordtopayforitwithoutborrowingmoney.Ilearned:Buyonlywhatyoucanafford1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.（4）Inrecentyears,withthe

44、developmentoftechnology,manypopularapps（应用程序）havebeenproduced.Thesedays,1apphascaughtgreatattention.ItisDouyin,avideosharingapp.Douyinfirstappearedin2016.Nowitismanypeoplesfavoriteapp,2theyoung.WithDouyin,userscanrecordvideos,edit（编辑）themand_3_themonline.Itisveryeasy4interesting.Wecanshareourvideosw

45、ithourfriendswithjustataponthemobilephonescreen.Whatsmore,it,sagreatwaytospendourfreetimeby5throughthosefunnyvideos.However,everycoinhastwo6.Theappalsohasbadthings.Ontheonehand,somepeoplespendlonghours7theapp,whichisharmfulfortheirhealth.Onthe8hand,userscanalsofindsomebadthingsontheapp.Suchthingisun

46、suitableandmeaningless.Inmyopinion,Douyinshouldcheckthevideos9theyareUPIOaded（上传）inordertokeepahealthyenvironmentforitsusers.Douyinisnot_10_forteenagers.Weshouldnotuseittoooften.1.2.3i4.5.6.7.8.9.10.（5）Afewyearsago,alittleboy,notmorethaneightyearsold,wenttothestorehimself.Whilehewasgoinghome,adirtyd

47、ogfollowedhim.Thedogwasweakbecauseithadasoreleg.Afterhefoundthedogwasbadly2,heletitfollowhimhome.Thelittleboysmothertaughthimtobe3andfriendly.However,whenthelittleboyaskedhismother4hewouldletthedogcomeintothehouseornot,shehesitated（犹豫）.“Wehavenoroomforit,saidshe.Thepoordogseemedtounderstand5shesaid.Itlookedsosad!Thelittleboyalmostcriedwhenhesawthedogsbig6lookinguptohimsadly.Hismotherwasactuallykind,too.Shedidnotdrivethepoorhungrydogaway,butletit7intheyard.Thelittleboygavethedogsome8waterandcleandrygrasstolieon.Theyalsomadeitclean.Afterafewdaysthedogwasbetterwith9helpoftheboyandhism