RHCSARHCE考前准备.docx

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1、Rhcsarhce考前打算RHCSACertification:RHCSExamObjectivesOverviewThisguideprovidesinformationcandidatesmayuseinpreparingtotaketheRedHatCertifiedSystem.Administrator(RHCSA)examonRedHatEnterprise1.inux6.CandidatestakingtheKedHatCertifiedTechnician(RHCT)examonRedHatEnterprise1.inux5shouldconsultthepastRHCT/RH

2、CEExamobjectiveslinkedabove.RedHatisnotresponsibleforthecontentoraccuracyofotherguides,books,onlineresources,oranyotherinformationprovidedbyorganizationsorindividualsotherthanRedHatTrainingandCertification.RedHatreservestherighttochangethisguidewhenappropriate.Candidateswhohaveenrolledinforthcomingc

3、lassesorexamsareadvisedtocheckthisguideperiodicalIyforchanges.ProspectiveemployersofRHCEsshouldverifyanyandallclaimsbypeopleclaimingtoholdthiscertificationbyrequestingtheircertificatenumberandverifyingithere.Performance-basedExamsTheRHCSAexamisaperformance-basedevaluationofRedHatEnterprise1.inuxsyst

4、emadministrationskillsandknowledge.Candidatesperformanumberofroutinesystemadministrationtasksandareevaluatedonwhethertheyhavemetspecificobjectivecriteria.Performance-basedtestingmeansthatcandidatesmustperformtaskssimiIartowhattheymustperformonthejob.AuthorizedTrainingPartnersOnlyRedHatandRedHatCerti

5、fiedTrainingPartnersadministertheRHCSexam.Prospectivecandidatesshouldexerciseduedi1igencewhenpurchasingaseatinanRHCSAexamfromaproviderotherthanRedHatitself.Theyshouldverifythattheprovideris,infact,anauthorizedtrainingpartnerorreselleringoodstanding.Pleasenotifygreymarketredhataboutorganizationsthatp

6、urporttooffertheRHCSAexambutarenotRedHatCertifiedTrainingPartners.ScoresandReportingOfficialscoresfortheRHCSAexamscomeexclusivelyfromRedHatCertificationCentral.RedHatdoesnotauthorizeexaminers,trainingpartnersorotherdepartmentsorindividualswithinRedHattoreportresultstocandidates.Scoresontheexamarerep

7、ortedwithinthree(3)USbusinessdays.RedHatdoesnotreportperformanceonindividualitems,norwillitprovideadditionalinformationuponrequest.Thispolicyhelpsensureimpartialityandfairnessforallcandidatesworldwide.Scoresareusedtoestablishwhethercertificationshouldbeissuedandarereportedforthebenefitofcandidates.R

8、edHatmakesnorepresentationsregardingtheuseofscoresforanyotherpurpose,suchasrankingorcomparingcandidates.FormatoftheRHCSAExamTheRHCSAexamisahands-on,practicalexamthatlasts2.5hours.Internetaccessisnotprovidedduringtheexam.Outsidematerialsarenotpermitted.DocumentationthatshipswithRedHatEnterprise1.inux

9、isavailableduringtheexam.RedHatreservestherighttomakechangestoformat,includingtimingandthepoliciesabove.Suchchangeswi11bemadepublicinadvancethroughrevisionstothisdocument.PreparationfortheRHCSExamRedHatencouragesal1candidatesforRHCSAtoconsidertakingoneormoreofitsofficialtrainingcoursestohelpprepare.

10、Attendanceintheseclassesisnotrequired,andonecanchoosetotakejustanexam.Manysuccessfulcandidateswhohavecometoclassalreadypossessingsubstantialskillsandknowledgereportthattheclassmadeapositivedifferenceforthem.Tohelpyoudeterminethebestcoursestotake,RedHatprovidesonlineskillsassessment.WhileattendingRed

11、Hat,sclassescanbeanimportantpartofone,spreparation,attendingclassdoesnotguaranteesuccessontheexam.Previousexperience,practice,andnativeaptitudearcalsoimportantdeterminantsofsuccess.ManybooksandotherresourcesonsystemadministrationforRedHat,Sproductsareavai!able.RedHatdoesnotendorseanyaspreparationgui

12、desforanyexams.Nevertheless,candidatesmayfindadditionareadingdeepensunderstandingandcanprovehelpful.ExamObjectivesRedHatreservestherighttoadd,modifyandremoveobjectives.Suchchangeswillbemadepublicinadvancethroughrevisionstothisdocument.RHCSAexamcandidatesshouldbeabletoaccomplishthetasksbelowwithoutas

13、sistance.Thesehavebeengroupedintoseveralcategories.UnderstandandUseEssentialToolsAccessashellpromptandissuecommandswithcorrectsyntax（能够运用正确的语法在提示符下运用吩咐）USCinput-outputredirection（,2,etc.）（运用I/O重定向，例如，1,2）Usegrepandregularexpressionstoanalyzetext（运用grep和正则表达式分析文本）AccessremotesystemsusingsshandVNC（运用s

14、sh和VNC访问远程系统）1.oginandswitchusersinmulti-userrunIeveIs（在多用户运行级别下登录和切换用户）Archive,compress,unpackanduncompressfilesusingtar,star,gzip,andbzip2（运用tarstargzipbzip2吩咐打包、压缩、解包、解压缩文件）CreatCandedittextfiles（创建和编辑文本文件）Create,delete,copyandmovefilesanddirectories（创建、删除、复制和移动文件及书目）Createhardandsoftlinks（创建硬链接文

15、件和符号链接文件）1.ist,setandchangestandardugorwxpermissions（雀看、设置和变更标准的文件权限）1.ocate,readandusesystemdocumentationincludingman,info,andfilesinusrsharedoc.（利用man、info吩咐查找帮助，阅读usrsharedoc节目下的文档）Note:RedHatmayuseapplicationsduringtheexamthatarenotincludedinRedHatEnterprise1.inuxforthepurposeofevaluatingcandida

16、tesabilitiestomeetthisobjective.OperateRunningSystemsBoot,reboot,andshutdownasystemnormally（正常地启动、重启和关闭系统）BootsystemsintodifferentrunIeveIsmanually（手动启动系统到另一个运行级别）Usesingle-usermodetogainaccesstoasystem（运用单用户模式去获得系统访问权限）IdentifyCPU/memoryintensiveprocesses,adjustprocessprioritywithrenice,andkillproc

17、esses（确定CPU/memory的状态，运用renice吩咐调整进程优先级，杀死进程）1.ocateandinterpretsystemlogfiles（定位和理解系统日志文件）Accessavirtualmachine*sconsole（访问虚拟机限制台）Startandstopvirtualmachines（开启、停止虚拟机）Start,stopandcheckthestatusofnetworkservices（开启、关闭服务以及检测网络服务状态）ConfigUre1.ocalStorage1.ist,create,deleteandsetpartitiontypeforprimar

18、y,extended,andlogicalpartitions（列出、创建、删除分区,设置分区类型为主、扩展和逻辑分区）Createandremovephysicalvolumes,assignphysicalvolumestovolumegroups,createanddeletelogicalvolumes（创建和删除物理卷，安排一个物理卷到卷组，创建和删除逻辑卷）Createandconfigure1.UKS-encryptedpartitionsandlogicalvolumestopromptforpasswordandmountadecryptedfiIesystematboot（

19、创建和配置一个含密码的1.UKS加密分区及逻辑卷，系统启动时能够自动挂载一个解密的文件系统）ConfiguresystemstomountCiIesystemsatbootbyUniversallyUniqueID（UUID）orlabel（配置系统启动是利用UUID或者1.abel挂载文件系统）Addnewpartitions,logicalvolumesandswaptoasystemno11-destructively（不破坏系统的前提下，添加分区、逻辑卷和swap）CreateandConfigureFileSystemsCreate,mount,unmountanduseext2,e

20、xt3andext4filesystems（创建、挂载、卸载和运用ext2、ext3、ext4文件系统）Mount,unmountanduse1.UKS-encryptedfilesystems（桂载、卸载和运用1.UKS加密的文件系统）MountandunmountCIFSandNFSnetworkfilesystems（挂载和卸载CIFS和NFS网络文件系统）Configuresystemstomountext4,1.UKS-encryptedandnetworkfilesystemsautomatically（配置系统能够H动挂载ext4,1.UKS加密和网络文件系统）Extendexi

21、stingunencryptedext4-formattedlogicalvolumes（扩展非加密的ext4逻辑卷）Createandconfigureset-GIDdirectoriesforcollaboration（创建和配置SGID书目）CreateandmanageAccessControl1.ists（.C1.s）（创建和管理C1.）Diagnoseandcorrectfilepermissionproblems（诊断和调整文件权限问题）DePlOy,ConfigureandMaintainSystemsConfigurenetworkingandhostnameresoluti

22、onstaticalIyordynamically（运用静态或动态方式配置网络、主机名）Scheduletasksusingcron（设置cron安排任务）COnfigUreSySICmStObOOtintoaspecificrunlevelautomatically（配置系统自动启动到指定的运行级别）InSIauRedHatEnterprise1.inuxautomaticalIyusingKickstart（利用kickstart安装RedHatEnterprise1.inux）Configureaphysicalmachinetohostvirtualguests（配置一个具备虚拟机的宿

23、主机）InstallRedHatEnterprise1.inuxsystemsasvirtualguests（在虚拟机内安装RHE1.）Configuresystemstolaunchvirtualmachinesatboot（配置系统在启动时自动启动一个虚拟机）ConfigurenetworkservicestostartautomaticalIyatboot（配置网络服务开机Fl动启动）ConfigUreasystemtorunadcfaultconfigurationHTTPserver（配置个默认的HTTP服务器）Configureasystemtorunadefaultconfigu

24、rationFTPserver（配置一个默认的FTP服务器）InStaUandupdatesoftwarepackagesfromRedHatNetwork,aremoterepository,orfromthelocalfilesystem（通过RHN、远程仓库或本地文件系统安装和升级软件包）Updatethekernelpackageappropriatelytoensureabootablesystem（升级适当的内核,并确认可以启动）Modifythesystembootloader（修改系统bootloader）ManageUsersandGroupsCreate,delete,an

25、dmodifylocaluseraccounts（创建、删除和修改本地用户帐户）Changepasswordsandadjustpasswordagingforlocaluseraccounts（为本地用户修改密码及修正密码时效策略）Create,deleteandmodifylocalgroupsandgroupmemberships（创建、删除和修改本地组及组成员）Configureasystemtouseanexisting1.DAPdirectoryserviceforuserandgroupinformation（配置系统去运用一个1.DAP服务器来验证用户、组信息）ManageSe

26、curityConfigurefirewa11settingsusingsystem-config-firewalloriptables（运用吩咐systcm-config-firewal1或iptables配置防火墙设置）SetenforcingandpermissivemodesforSE1.inux（设置SE1.inux为enforcing和PermiSSiVe模式）1.istandidentifySE1.inuxfileandprocesscontext（查看和确认文件和进程的SE1.inUX上下文）RestoredefaultfiIecontexts（复原文件的默认SE1.inux上

27、下文）UsebooleansettingstomodifysystemSE1.inuxsettings（修改系统的SE1.inux布尔值）DiagnoseandaddressroutineSE1.inuxpolicyviolations（诊断SE1.inux的违规行为）RHCECertification:RHCEExamObjectivesOverviewThisguideprovidesinformationcandidatesmayuseinpreparingtotaketheRedHatCertifiedEngineer（RHCE）examonRedHatEnterprise1.inux

28、6.CandidatestakingtheexamonRedHatEnterprise1.inux5shouldconsultthepastRHCEExamobjectiveslinkedabove.RedHatisnotresponsibleforthecontentoraccuracyofotherguides,books,onineresources,oranyotherinformationprovidedbyorganizationsorindividualsotherthanRedHatTrainingandCertification.RedHatreservestherightt

29、ochangethisguidewhenappropriate.Candidateswhohaveenrolledinforthcomingclassesorexamsareadvisedtocheckthisguideperiodicallyforchanges.ProspectiveemployersofRHCEsshouldverifyanyandal1claimsbypeopleclaimingtoholdthiscertificationbyrequestingtheircertificatenumberandverifyingithere.InordertoearnRHCE,one

30、mustalsopasstheRedHatCertifiedSystemAdministrator(RHCSA)exam.Someonecanenrol1inandtaketheRHCEexamwithoutfirsthavingpassedtheRHCSexam,butRHCEcertificationwillnotbeissuedu11ti1bothcredentialsareearnedbyacandidate.IntheeventthatacandidatehasnotyetearnedRHCS,RedHatwillretainthecandidateSRHCEexamrecordan

31、dwillattachthatrecordtoacandidates,RHCSArecordonceitisearnedatalaterdate.Performance-basedExamsTheRHCEexamisaperformance-basedevaluationofRedHatEnterprise1.inuxsystemadministrationskillsandknowledge.CandidatesperformanumberofroutinesystemadministrationtasksandareevaluatedonWhethertheyhavemetspecific

32、objectivecriteria.Performance-basedtestingmeansthatcandidatesmustperformtaskssimiIartowhattheymustperformonthejob.AuthorizedTrainingPartnersOnlyRedHatandRedHatCertifiedTrainingPartnersadministertheRHCEexam.ProspectivecandidatesshouldexerciseduediligencewhenpurchasingaseatinanRHCEexamfromaprovideroth

33、erthanRedHatitself.Theyshouldverifythattheprovideris,infact,anauthorizedtrainingpartnerorreselleringoodstanding.Pleasenotifygreymarket,redhataboutorganizationsthatpurporttooffertheRHCEexambutarenotRedHatCertifiedTrainingPartners.ScoresandReportingOfficialscoresfortheRHCEexamscomeexclusivelyfromRedHa

34、tCertificationCentral.RedHatdoesnotauthorizeexaminers,trainingpartnersorotherdepartmentsorindividualswithinRedHattoreportresultstocandidates.Scoresontheexamarereportedwithinthree(3)USbusinessdays.RedHatdoesnotreportperformanceonindividualitems,norwillitprovideadditionalinformationuponrequest.Thispol

35、icyhelpsensureimpartialityandfairnessforallcandidatesworldwide.Scoresareusedtoestablishwhethercertificationshouldbeissuedandarereportedforthebenefitofcandidates.RedHatmakesnorepresentationsregardingtheuseofscoresforanyotherpurpose,suchasrankingorcomparingcandidates.FormatoftheRHCEExamTheRHCEexamisah

36、ands-on,practicalexamthatlasts2.0hours.Internetaccessisnotprovidedduringtheexam.Outsidematerialsarenotpermitted.DocumentationthatshipswithRedHatEnterprise1.inuxisavaiIableduringtheexam.RedHatreservestherighttomakechangestoformat,includingtimingandthepoliciesabove.Suchchangeswillbemadepublicinadvance

37、throughrevisionstothisdocument.PreparationfortheRHCEExamRedHatencouragesallcandidatesforRHCEtoconsidertakingoneormoreofitsofficialtrainingcoursestohelpprepare.Attendanceintheseclassesisnotrequired,andonecanchoosetotakejustanexam.Manysuccessfulcandidateswhohavecometoclassalreadypossessingsubstantiask

38、illsandknowledgereportthattheclassmadeapositivedifferenceforthem.Tohelpyoudeterminethebestcoursestotake,RedHatprovideson1ineskillsassessment.WhileattendingRedHat,SclassescanbeanimportantpartofoneSpreparation,attendingclassdoesnotguaranteesuccessontheexam.Previousexperience,practice,andnativeaptitude

39、arealsoimportantdeterminantsofsuccess.ManybooksandotherresourcesonsystemadministrationforRedHatsproductsareavai!able.RedHatdoesnotendorseanyaspreparationguidesforanyexams.Nevertheless,candidatesmayfindadditiona1readingdeepensunderstandingandcanprovehelpful.ExamObjectivesRHCEexamcandidatesshouldconsu

40、lttheRHCSAExamObjectivesdocumentandbecapableofRHCSA-Ieveltasks,assomeoftheseskillsmayberequiredinordertomeetRHCEexamobjectives.RedHatreservestherighttoadd,modifyandremoveobjectives.Suchchangeswillbemadepubicinadvancethroughrevisionstothisdocument.RHCEexamcandidatesshouldbeabletoaccomplishthefollowin

41、gwithoutassistance.Thesehavebeengroupedintoseveralcategories.SystemConfigurationandManagementRouteIPtrafficandcreatestaticroutes（路由IP传输，创建静态路由）Useiptablestoimplementpacketfilteringandconfigurenetworkaddresstranslation（NAT）（运用iptables执行包过滤并配置NAT）Useprocsysandsysctltomodifyandsetkernelrun-timeparamete

42、rs（运用procsys文件系统和SySClI吩咐去修改和设国内核运行时参数）ConfiguresystemtoauthenticateusingKerberos（配置系统运用Kerberos认证）BuiIdasimpleRPMthatpackagesasinglefile（创建一个包含单文件的rpm包）ConfigureasystemasaniSCSIinitiatorthatpersistentlymountsaniSCSItarget（配置系统作为iSCSI发起者,并能够持续挂载iSCSI目标端）Produceanddeliverreportsonsystemutilization（pr

43、ocessor,memory,disk,andnetwork）（产生和提交系统利用状况报告，包括cpu、内存、磁盘和网络）Useshellscriptingtoautomatesystemmaintenancetasks（运用shell脚本实现自动系统管理任务）ConfigUreasystemtologtoaremotesystem（配置登录远程系统）Configureasystemtoacceptloggingfromaremotesystem（配置系统授权远程登录）NetworkServicesNetworkservicesareanimportantsubsetoftheexamobje

44、ctives.RHCEcandidatesshouldbecapableofmeetingthefollowingobjectivesforeachofthenetworkserviceslistedbe1ow:Installthepackagesneededtoprovidetheservice（安装服务必需的软件包）COnfigUreSE1.inuxtosupporttheservice（配置SEIJnux能够支持服务）Configuretheservicetostartwhenthesystemisbooted（配置系统启动时服务自动启动）Configuretheserviceforba

45、sicoperation（配置服务的基本功能）Configurehost-basedanduser-basedsecurityfortheservice（配置服务的基于主机和基于用户的平安限制RHCEcandidatesshouldalsobecapableofmeetingthefollowingobjectivesassociatedwithspecificservices:HTTP/HTTPSConfigureavirtualhost（配置虚拟主机）Configureprivatedirectories（配置私有书目）DeployabasicCGIapplication（部署一个基本的C

46、Gl应用）Configuregroup-managedcontent（配置组托管的内容）DNSConfigureacaching-onlynameserver（配置一个纯缓存DNS服务一器）Configureacaching-onlynameservertoforwardDNSqueries（配置一个纯缓存转发DNS服务器）Note:Candidatesarenotexpectedtoconfiguremasterorslavenameservers（配置主服务器或从服务器一般不作为考试候选项目）FTPConfigureanonymous-onlydownload（配置一个匿名下载服务器）FS

47、Providenetworksharestospecificclicnts（为指定客户端供应共享服务）Providenetworksharessuitableforgroupcollaboration（为指定团体供应共享服务）SMBProvidenetworksharestospecificclients（为指定客户端供应共享服务）Providenetworksharessuitableforgroupcollaboration为指定团体供应共享服务）SMTPConfigureamai1transferagent（MTA）toacceptinboundemaiIfromothersystems（配置能够接受从远端系统进入的邮件的MT）ConfigureanMTtoforward（relay）emailthroughasmarthost（配置一个能够通过智能主机转发邮件的MTA）SSHConfigurekey-basedauthentication（配置基于key认证的SSH服务器）Configureadditionaloptionsdescribedindocumentation（配置文档中附加的选项）NTPSynchronizetimeusingotherNTPpeers（运用其它NTP对等服务器来同步时间）