RHCSA RHCE考前准备.docx

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1、RHCSA+RHCE考前打算RHCSACertification:RHCSExamObjectivesOverviewThisguideprovidesinformationcandidatesmayuseinpreparingtotaketheRedHatCertifiedSystem.Administrator(RHCSA)examonRedHatEnterprise1.inux6.CandidatestakingtheRedHatCertifiedTechnician(RHCT)examonRedHatEnterprise1.inux5shouldconsultthepastRHCT/R

2、HCEExamobjectiveslinkedabove.RedHatisnotresponsibleforthecontentoraccuracyofotherguides,books,onlineresources,oranyotherinformationprovidedbyorganizationsorindividualsotherthanRedHatTrainingandCertification.RedHatreservestherighttochangethisguidewhenappropriate.Candidateswhohaveenrolledinforthcoming

3、classesorexamsareadvisedtocheckthisguideperiodicalIyforchanges.ProspectiveemployersofRHCEsshouldverifyanyandallclaimsbypeopleclaimingtoholdthiscertificationbyrequestingtheircertificatenumberandverifyingithere.Performance-basedExamsTheRHCSAexamisaperformance-basedevaluationofRedHatEnterprise1.inuxsys

4、temadministrationskillsandknowledge.Candidatesperformanumberofroutinesystemadministrationtasksandareevaluatedonwhethertheyhavemetspecificobjectivecriteria.Performance-basedtestingmeansthatcandidatesmustperformtaskssimiIartowhattheymustperformonthejob.AuthorizedTrainingPartnersOnlyRedHatandRedHatCert

5、ifiedTrainingPartnersadministertheRHCSexam.Prospectivecandidatesshouldexerciseduedi1igencewhenpurchasingaseatinanRHCSAexamfromaproviderotherthanRedHatitself.Theyshouldverifythattheprovideris,infact,anauthorizedtrainingpartnerorreselleringoodstanding.Pleasenotifygreymarketredhataboutorganizationsthat

6、purporttooffertheRHCSAexambutarenotRedHatCertifiedTrainingPartners.ScoresandReportingOfficialscoresfortheRHCSAexamscomeexclusivelyfromRedHatCertificationCentral.RedHatdoesnotauthorizeexaminers,trainingpartnersorotherdepartmentsorindividualswithinRedHattoreportresultstocandidates.Scoresontheexamarere

7、portedwithinthree(3)USbusinessdays.RedHatdoesnotreportperformanceonindividualitems,norwillitprovideadditionalinformationuponrequest.Thispolicyhelpsensureimpartialityandfairnessforallcandidatesworldwide.Scoresareusedtoestablishwhethercertificationshouldbeissuedandarereportedforthebenefitofcandidates.

8、RedHatmakesnorepresentationsregardingtheuseofscoresforanyotherpurpose,suchasrankingorcomparingcandidates.FormatoftheRHCSAExamTheRHCSAexamisahands-on,practicalexamthatlasts2.5hours.Internetaccessisnotprovidedduringtheexam.Outsidematerialsarenotpermitted.DocumentationthatshipswithRedHatEnterprise1.inu

9、xisavailableduringtheexam.RedHatreservestherighttomakechangestoformat,includingtimingandthepoliciesabove.Suchchangeswi11bemadepublicinadvancethroughrevisionstothisdocument.PreparationfortheRHCSExamRedHatencouragesal1candidatesforRHCSAtoconsidertakingoneormoreofitsofficialtrainingcoursestohelpprepare

10、.Attendanceintheseclassesisnotrequired,andonecanchoosetotakejustanexam.Manysuccessfulcandidateswhohavecometoclassalreadypossessingsubstantialskillsandknowledgereportthattheclassmadeapositivedifferenceforthem.Tohelpyoudeterminethebestcoursestotake,RedHatprovidesonlineskillsassessment.WhileattendingRe

11、dHat,sclassescanbeanimportantpartofone,spreparation,attendingclassdoesnotguaranteesuccessontheexam.Previousexperience,practice,andnativeaptitudearcalsoimportantdeterminantsofsuccess.ManybooksandotherresourcesonsystemadministrationforRedHat,Sproductsareavai!able.RedHatdoesnotendorseanyaspreparationgu

12、idesforanyexams.Nevertheless,candidatesmayfindadditionareadingdeepensunderstandingandcanprovehelpful.ExamObjectivesRedHatreservestherighttoadd,modifyandremoveobjectives.Suchchangeswillbemadepublicinadvancethroughrevisionstothisdocument.RHCSAexamcandidatesshouldbeabletoaccomplishthetasksbelowwithouta

13、ssistance.Thesehavebeengroupedintoseveralcategories.UnderstandandUseEssentialToolsAccessashellpromptandissuecommandswithcorrectsyntax（能够运用正确的语法在提示符下运用吩咐）USeinput-outputredirection（,I,2,etc.）（运用I/O重定向，例如，2）Usegrepandregularexpressionstoanalyzetext（运用grep和正则表达式分析文本）AccessremotesystemsusingsshandVNC（运用

14、ssh和VNC访问远程系统）1.oginHndSWilChUSerSinmulti-userrunIeveIs（在多用户运行级别下登录和切换用户）Archive,compress,unpackanduncompressfilesusingtar,star,gzip,andbzip2（运用tar/stargzip/bzip2吩咐打包、压缩、解包、解压缩文件）Createandedittextfiles（创建和编辑文本文件）Create,delete,copyandmovefilesanddirectories（创建、删除、熨制和移动文件及书目）Createhardandsoftlinks（创建硬

15、链接文件和符号链接文件）1.ist,setandchangestandardugorwxpermissions（看看、设置和变更标准的文件权限）1.ocate,readandusesystemdocumentationincludingman,info,andfilesinusrsharedoc.（利用man、info吩咐查找帮助，阅读usrsharedoc书目下的文档）Note:RedHatmayuseapplicationsduringtheexamthatarenotincludedinRedHatEnterprise1.inuxforthepurposeofevaluatingcand

16、idatesabilitiestomeetthisobjective.OperateRunningSystemsBoot,reboot,andshutdownasystemnormally（正常地启动、重启和关闭系统）Hootsystemsintodifferentrun1.eveIsmanually（手动启动系统到另一个运行级别）USesingle-usermodetogainaccesstoasystem（运用单用户模式去获得系统访问权限）IdentifyCPU/memoryintensiveprocesses,adjustprocessprioritywithrenice,andkill

17、processes（确定CPU/memory的状态，运用renice吩咐调整进程优先级，杀死进程）1.ocateandinterpretsystemlogfiles（定位和理解系统口志文件）Accessavirtualmachine,sconsole（访问虚拟机限制台）Startandstopvirtualmachines（开启、停止虚拟机）Start,stopandcheckthestatusofnetworkservices（开启、关闭服务以及检测网络服务状态）Configure1.ocalStorage1.ist,create,deleteandsetpartitiontypeforpr

18、imary,extended,andlogicalpartitions（歹IJ出、创建、删除分区，设置分区类型为主、扩展和逻辑分区）Createandremovephysicalvolumes,assignphysicalvolumestovolumegroups,createanddeletelogicalvolumes（创建和删除物理卷,安排一个物理卷到卷组，创建和删除逻辑卷）Createandconfigure1.UKS-encryptedpartitionsandlogicalvolumestopromptforpasswordandmountadecryptedfiIesystema

19、tboot（创建和配置一个含密码的1.UKS加密分区及逻辑卷，系统启动时能够自动挂载一个解密的文件系统）ConfiguresystemstomountfilesystemsatbootbyUniversallyUniqueID（UUID）orlabel（配置系统启动是利用UUID或者1.abel挂载文件系统）Addnewpartitions,logicalvolumesandswaptoasystemnon-destructively（不破坏系统的前提下，添加分区、逻辑卷和swap）CreateandConfigureFileSystemsCreate,mount,unmountandusee

20、xt2,ext3andext4filesystems（创建、挂载、卸载和运用ext2ext3、ext4文件系统）Mount,unmountanduse1.UKS-encryptedfilesystems（挂载、卸载和运用1.UKS加密的文件系统）MountandunmountCIFSandNFSnetworkfilesystems（挂载和卸载CIFS和NFS网络文件系统）Configuresystemstomountext4,1.UKS-encryptedandnetworkfilesystemsautomatically（配置系统能够自动挂载ext4.1.UKS加密和网络文件系统）Exten

21、dexistingunencryptedext4-formattedlogicalvolumes（犷展非加密的ext4逻辑卷）Createandconfigureset-GIDdirectoriesforcollaboration（创建和配置SGID书目）CreateandmanageAccessControl1.ists（AC1.s）（创建和管理AC1.Diagnoseandcorrectfilepermissionproblems（诊断和调整文件权限问题）Deploy,ConfigureandMaintainSystemsConfigurenetworkingandhostnamereso

22、lutionstaticallyordynamically（运用静态或动态方式配置网络、主机名）Scheduletasksusingcron（设置cron安排任务）COnfigUresystemstobootintoaspecificrunlevelautomatically（配置系统自动启动到指定的运行级别）InstallRedHatEnterprise1.inuxautomaticallyusingKickstart（利用kickstart安装RedHatEnterprise1.inux）Configureaphysicalmachinetohostvirtualguests（配置一个具备

23、虚拟机的宿主机）Instal1RedHatEnterprise1.inuxsystemsasvirtualguests（在虚拟机内安装RHE1.）Configuresystemstolaunchvirtualmachinesatboot（配置系统在启动时自动启动一个虚拟机）Configurenetworkservicestostartautomaticallyatboot（配置网络服务开机自动启动）ConfigureasystemtorunadefaultconfigurationHTTPserver（配置一个默认的HTTP服务器）Configureasystemtorunadefaultco

24、nfigurationFTPserver（配置一个默认的FTP服务器）Instal1andupdatesoftwarepackagesfromRedHatNetwork,aremoterepository,orfromthelocalfilesystem（通过RHW远程仓库或本地文件系统安装和升级软件包）Updatethekernelpackageappropriatelytoensureabootablesystem（升级适当的内核，并确认可以启动）Modifythesystembootloader（修改系统bootloader）ManageUsersandGroupsCreate,dele

25、te,andmodifylocaluseraccounts（创建、删除和修改本地用户帐户）Changepasswordsandadjustpasswordagingforlocaluseraccounts（为本地用户修改密码及修正密码时效策略）Create,deleteandmodifylocalgroupsandgroupmemberships（创建、删除和修改本地组及组成员）Configureasystemtouseanexisting1.DPdirectoryserviceforuserandgroupinformation（配置系统去运用一个1.DAP服务器来验证用户、组信息）Mana

26、geSecurityConfigurefirewal1settingsusingsystem-config-firewa11oriptablcs（运用吩咐system-config-firewall或iptables配叁防火墙设置）SetenforcingandpermissivemodesforSE1.inux（设置SE1.inux为enforcing和permissive模式）1.istandidentifySE1.inuxfileandprocesscontext（查看和确认文件和进程的SE1.inUX上下文）Restoredefaultfilecontexts（复原文件的默认SE1.i

27、nux上下文）UsebooleansettingstomodifysystemSE1.inuxsettings（修改系统的SE1.inUX布尔值）DiagnoseandaddressroutineSE1.inuxpolicyviolations（诊断SE1.inux的违规行为）RHCECertification:RHCEExamObjectivesOverviewThisguideprovidesinformationcandidatesmayuseinpreparingtotaketheRedHatCertifiedEngineer（RHCE）examonRedHatEnterprise1.

28、inux6.CandidatestakingtheexamonRedHatEnterprise1.inux5shouldconsultthepastRHCEExamobjectiveslinkedabove.RedHatisnotresponsibleforthecontentoraccuracyofotherguides,books,onlineresources,oranyotherinformationprovidedbyorganizationsorindividualsotherthanRedHatTrainingandCertification.RedHatreservesther

29、ighttochangethisguidewhenappropriate.CandidateswhohaveenrolledinforthcomingclassesorexamsareadvisedtocheckthisguideperiodicalIyforchanges.ProspectiveemployersofRHCEsshouldverifyanyandallclaimsbypeop1eclaimingtoholdthiscertificationbyrequestingtheircertificatenumberandverifyingithere.InordertoearnRHC

30、E,onemustalsopasstheRedHatCertifiedSystemAdministrator(RHCSA)exam.SomeonecanenrollinandtaketheRHCEexamwithoutfirsthavingpassedtheRHCSAexam,butRHCEcertificationwillnotbeissuedunti1bothcredentialsareearnedbyacandidate.IntheeventthatacandidatehasnotyetearnedRHCS,RedHatwillretainthecandidatesRHCEexamrec

31、ordandwi11attachthatrecordtoacandidatesRHCSArecordonceitisearnedatalaterdate.Performance-basedExamsTheRHCEexamisaperformance-basedevaluationofRCdHatEnterprise1.inuxsystemadministrationskillsandknowledge.Candidatesperformanumberofroutinesystemadministrationtasksandareevaluatedonwhethertheyhavemetspec

32、ificobjectivecriteria.Performance-basedtestingmeansthatcandidatesmustperformtaskssimilartowhattheymustperformonthejob.AuthorizedTrainingPartnersOnlyRedHatandRedHatCertifiedTrainingPartnersadministertheRHCEexam.Prospectivecandidatesshouldexerciseduedi1igencewhenpurchasingaseatinanRHCEexamfromaprovide

33、rotherthanRedHatitself.Theyshouldverifythattheprovideris,infact,anauthorizedtrainingpartnerorreselleringoodstanding.Pleasenotifygreymarket0redhataboutorganizationsthatpurporttooffertheRHCEexambutarenotRedHatCertifiedTrainingPartners.ScoresandReportingOfficialscoresfortheRHCEexamscomeexclusivelyfromR

34、edHatCcrtificationCentral.RedHatdoesnotauthorizeexaminers,trainingpartnersorotherdepartmentsorindividualswithinRedHattoreportresultstocandidates.Scoresontheexamarereportedwithinthree(3)USbusinessdays.RedHatdoesnotreportperformanceonindividua1iterns,norwi11itprovideadditionalinformationuponrequest.Th

35、ispolicyhelpsensureimpartialityandfairnessforal1candidatesworldwide.Scoresareusedtoestablishwhethercertificationshouldbeissuedandarereportedforthebenefitofcandidates.RedHatmakesnorepresentationsregardingtheuseofscoresforanyotherpurpose,suchasrankingorcomparingcandidates.FormatoftheRHCEExamTheRHCEexa

36、misahands-on,practicalexamthatlasts2.0hours.Internetaccessisnotprovidedduringtheexam.Outsidematerialsarenotpermitted.DocumentationthatshipswithRedHatEnterprise1.inuxisavailableduringtheexam.RedHatreservestherighttomakechangestoformat,includingtimingandthepoliciesabove.Suchchangesvi11bemadepublicinad

37、vancethroughrevisionstothisdocument.PreparationfortheRHCEExamRedHatencouragesal1candidatesforRHCEtoconsidertakingoneormoreofitsofficialtrainingcoursestohelpprepare.Attendanceintheseclassesisnotrequired,andonecanchoosetotakejustanexam.Manysuccessfulcandidateswhohavecometoclassalreadypossessingsubstan

38、tialskillsandknowledgereportthattheclassmadeapositivedifferenceforthem.Tohelpyoudeterminethebestcoursestotake,RedHatprovidesonlineskillsassessment.WhileattendingRedHat,Sclassescanbeanimportantpartofone,spreparation,attendingclassdoesnotguaranteesuccessontheexam.Previousexperience,practice,andnativea

39、ptitudearealsoimportantdeterminantsofsuccess.ManybooksandotherresourcesonsystemadministrationforRedHal,Sproductsareavailable.RedHatdoesnotendorseanyaspreparationguidesforanyexams.Nevertheless,candidatesmayfindadditionalreadingdeepensunderstandingandcanprovehelpful.ExamObjectivesRHCEexamcandidatessho

40、u1dconsulttheRHCSExamObjectivesdocumentandbecapableofRHCSA-Ieveltasks,assomeoftheseski1IsmayberequiredinordertomeetRHCEexamobjectives.RedHatreservestherighttoadd,modifyandremoveobjectives.Suchchangeswibemadepublicinadvancethroughrevisionstothisdocument.RHCEexamcandidatesshouldbeabletoaccomplishthefo

41、llowingwithoutassistance.Thesehavebeengroupedintoseveralcategories.SystemConfigurationandManagementRouteIPtrafficandcreatestaticroutes（路由IP传输，创建静态路由）Useiptablestoimplementpacketfilteringandconfigurenetworkaddresstranslation（NAT）（运用iptables执行包过滤并配置NAT）Useprocsysandsysctltomodifyandsetkernelrun-timepa

42、rameters（运用procSyS文件系统和sysctl吩咐去修改和设置内核运行时参数）ConfiguresystemIoauthenticatcusingKerberos（配置系统运用Kerberos认证）BuildasimpleRPMthatpackagesasinglefiIe（创建一个包含单文件的rpm包）ConfigureasystemasaniSCSIinitiatorthatpersistentlymountsaniSCSItarget（配置系统作为iSCSI发起者，并能够持续挂载iSCSI目标端）Produceanddeliverreportsonsystemutilizat

43、ion（processor,memory,disk,andnetwork）（产生和提交系统利用状况报告，包括cpu、内存、磁盘和网络）Useshellscriptingtoautomatesystemmaintenancetasks（运用shel1脚本实现Iil动系统管理任务）ConfigUreasystemtologtoaremotesystem（配置登录远程系统）Configureasystemtoaccept1oggingfromaremotesystem（配置系统授权远程登录）NetworkServicesNetworkservicesareanimportantsubsetofthe

44、examobjectives.RHCEcandidatesshouldbecapableofmeetingthefollowingobjectivesforeachofthenetworkserviceslistedbelow:Installthepackagesneededtoprovidetheservice（安装服务必需的软件包）ConfigureSE1.inuxtosupporttheservice（配置SE1.inux能够支持服务）Configuretheservicetostartwhenthesystemisbooted（配置系统启动时服务H动启动）Configuretheser

45、viceforbasicoperation（配置服务的基本功能）Configurehost-basedanduser-basedsecurityfortheservice（配置服务的基于主机和基于用户的平安限制）RHCEcandidatesshouldalsobecapableofmeetingthefollowingobjectivesassociatedwithspecificservices:HTTP/HTTPSConfigureavirtualhost（配置虚拟主机）Configureprivatedirectories（配置私有书目）DeployabasicCGIapplicatio

46、n（部署一个基本的CGI应用）Configuregroup-managedcontent（配置组托管的内容）DNSConfigureacaching-onlynameserver（配置一个纯缓存DNS服务器）Configureacaching-onlynameservertoforwardDNSqueries（配置一个纯缓存转发DNS服务器）Note:Candidatesarenotexpectedtoconfiguremasterorslavenameservers（配置主服务器或从服务器一般不作为考试候选项目）FTPConfigureanonymous-onlydownload（配置一个匿

47、名下载服务器）NFSProvidenetworksharestospeciFicclients（为指定客户端供应共享服务）Providenetworksharessuitableforgroupcol1aboration（为指定团体供应共享服务）SMBProvidenetworksharestospecificclients（为指定客户端供应共享服务）Providenetworksharessuitableforgroupcollaboration为指定团体供应共享服务）SMTPConfigureamai1transferagent（MTA）toacceptinboundemailfromothersystems（配置能够接受从远端系统进入的邮件的MT）ConfigureanMTtoforward（relay）emailthroughasmarthost（配置一个能够通过智能主机转发邮件的MT）SSHConfigurekey-basedauthentication（配置基于key认证的SSH服务器）Configureadditionaloptionsdescribedindocumentation（配置文档中附加的选项）NTPSynchronizetimeusingotherNTPpeers（运用其它NTP对等服务器来同步时间）