英文【联合国】贸发会最新世界投资报告（英）.docx

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1、.A1.otherqueriesonrightsand1.icences,inc1.udingsubsidiaryrights.shou1.dbeaddressedto:UnitedNationsPub1.ications405East42dStreetNewYork.NewYork10017UnitedStatesofAmericaEmsui:puttcabonsun.orgWebsite:httpS77shopun.orgThedesignationsemp1.oyedandthepresentationofmateria1.onanymapinthisWOrkdonotimp1.ythe

2、expressionofanyopinionvatsoeveronthepartoftheUnitedNabonsconcerningthe1.ega1.statusofanycountry,territory,cityorareaorOfitsauthorities,orconcerningthede1.imita1.ionofitsfrontiersorbourjariGs.Mentionofanyfirmor1.icensedprocessdoesno1.chremainedsubduedin2023forasecondyearinsuccession.G1.oba1.f1.owsoff

3、oreigndirectinvestmentstagnatedat$1.3tri1.1.ion.Notab1.y,foreigndirectinvestmentnowindustria1.andinfrastructureprojectsindeve1.opingu11triesdec1.ined,wenewinvestmentinsectorsre1.evanttotheSustamab1.eDeve1.opmentGoa1.sfe1.1.bymorethan10percent.StagnantSDGinvestmentandinsufficientfundingissevere1.yhin

4、deringimp1.emerrtationofthe2030AgendaandtheSDGs.particu1.ar1.yn1.eastdeve1.opedcountries.Weneedurgentactiontoremoveobstac1.esandprovideatransparent,stream1.inedinvestmentc1.imateforSustainabtedevtopmG11t.ThisWoridInvestmentRepoc1.showsthatthe1.ack1.ustrefinancia1.f1.owstodevetopinguntriesarenotdueto

5、a1.ackofinvestmentpo1.icyeffortsInvestmentIaoiitationhasbecomeaprominentfeatureofnationa1.po1.iciesandinternationa1.agreements.Digita1.governmentso1.utionsarepro1.iferating,adnginvestorsandstrengtheninggovernanceandinstitutions.Butdespdetheseefforts,finanis11o1.f1.owingatsufficientsca1.e,duetohighin

6、terestratesandgeopo1.itica1.conditions.ThaimeansWemustredoub1.eourefforts.Iurgea1.dec三sionmakerstopnexitizethemobi1.izationofsustainab1.efinanceatsca1.e.TheSDGStimu1.uswehaveproposedisapractica1.andachievab1.emeansofde1.iveringthis.Ourca1.1.forreformandsca1.ingupofmuhi1.a1.era1.deve1.opmentbanksisin

7、tendedtosignificant1.yincreasethecrowdinginofprivateinvestment.Ia1.soenuragepo1.icymakerstoprioritizestrengtheninginvestmentgovernanceindeve1.opingcountries,toensurefinancia1.f1.owsaredirectedtowardstheSDGs.UNCTADsrecommendationsfortheuseofbusinessfaci1.itationanddigita1.governmenttoeasesustainab1.e

8、investmentcanp1.ayanimportantpartnachievingthesegoa1.s.AntonioGuterresSecretary-Genera1.oftheUmtedNationsForewordInav/or1.dgrapp1.ingwithg1.oba1.andregiona1.crises,thede1.icateba1.anceo1.foreigndirectinvestment(FDI)hangsprecarious1.y.ThisWor1.dInvestmentReport(WIR)servesasastarkreminderthatinvestmen

9、t,the1.ifeb1.dofsustainab1.edeve1.opment,isnotmere1.yastatisticbuta1.ife1.inefordeve1.opingnations.Itisthefue1.thatPowerSprogresstowardstheSustainab1.eDevetopmentGoa1.s(SDGs)andthe2030AgendaforSustainabteDeve1.opment.Thecha1.1.engesWefacearemu1.tifacetedanditernectedGeoeconomicfrag11etatioisreshapin

10、gthe1.andscapeofg1.oba1.investment.Tradenetworksarefragmenting,regu1.atoryenvironmentsaredivergingandinternationa1.supp1.chainsarebeingreconfiguredTheseshiftscreatebothobstac1.esandiso1.atedopportunities,withsomecountriesbenefitingfrominvestmentsing1.oba1.vak)echain11tesrvemafacturogwhi1.eothersstru

11、gg1.etopa11icipateintheg1.oba1.e11omy.OveraB.however,thesetrendsareteadngtoafu11herdeteriorationoftheinternationa1.investment1.andscapeasseenfromthedeve1.opingwor1.d.1.astyear.FDIfe1.1.bymorethan10percentg1.oba1.1.y,andby7percentinthedeve1.opingwor1.d,1.teratona1.projectfinance,crua1.forinfrastructu

12、redexetopme11t,wasparticu1.ar1.yhardhit.fa1.1.ingby26percentProspectsfor2024remaincha1.1.enging,withWeakeninggrowthprospectsandcontinuingtradeandgeopo1.itica1.tensions.Furthennore.theWIRrevea1.sacrisisinSDGinvestment,withamorethan10percentdecreasein2023.Twosectors,agrifoodsystemsandwaterandsanitatio

13、n,registered伯WGr1.ntema1.iOna1.ryfinancedprope1.sin2023thanin2015.whentheSDGswereadoptedThisdedme,drivenbytighterfinancingconditionsandas1.owdov/ninsustainab1.efinancemarkets,underscorestheneedforconce11edactiontosteerinvestmentstowardsprojectsthatgenuine1.yntrbtetoasustainab1.efuture.MeanwhiIeJhemo

14、Niza1.icx以fundsforSDGinvestmentthroughsustainab1.efinanceproductsing1.oba1.capita1.marketsissti1.1.growingbuts1.owingdown.Sustainab1.ebondsshowedmargina1.growthin2023.andnewinf1.owsinsustainab1.einvestme1.fundsdroppedby60percent.Greenwashingconcernsareincreasing1.yaffectinginvestordemand.Morebroad1.

15、y,po1.icyactionisneededtomitigatetheriskofawdeningback1.ashagainstsustainab1.einvestmentstrategies.TheWorkineedsarobustandcredib1.eSustainaUefinanceindustry,andnottodmustbesparedtofortifyitbeforeitistoo1.ate.ButthewayWedothatmustbcarefu1.1.yconsidered.Po1.cymakersshou1.dbemmd1.u1.ofthespi1.1.overeff

16、ectsofinternationa1.SustainaNityreportingstandards,particu1.ar1.yonsma1.1.andmedium-sizedenterprises(SMEs)indeekpi11guntris.TheseSMEs,theenginesOfinc1.usivegrowthandjobcreation,arePreaS*theonesthatneedSustainaWefinancef1.owsthemostHowevertheymaystrugg1.etomeetincreaseddisc1.osurerequirements.poterrt

17、ia1.yaffectingtheirmarketaccessandPafteipatiOning1.oba1.supp1.ychains.Strikingaba1.ancebetweenpromotingtransparencyandavoidingundueburdensonbusinesseswi1.1.becrucia1.forasustainab1.eandinc1.usiveinvestment1.andscape.Againstthismp1.exbackdrop,theWIRu11dersrestheimportanceofinvestmentfaci1.itationandd

18、igita1.govem(nentastoo1.stoattractandretaininvestmentBystream1.iningprocedures,enhancingtransparencyand1.everagingdigita1.too1.ssuchason1.inesing1.ewindows,wecanfosteramoredciveinvestmente1.uate,particu1.ar1.ymdevetopingcountriesFurthermore,thereportemphasizesthatdigita1.businessandinvestmentfaci1.i

19、tationisnotmere1.yatechnica1.so1.ution;itisasteppingstonetowardsWKierCqiIa1.governmentimp1.ementation,whichcanaddressunder1.yingweaknessesingovernanceandinsbtuticxthatoftenhinderinvestmentandimpedeprogresstowardssustainab1.edeve1.opment.Investmentfaci1.itation,whi1.eessentia1.,isnotapanaceaforthecha

20、1.1.engesfacingg1.oba1.investmentf1.ows.HoweverJtisanudeiabteprerequisitefoefosteringanenvironmentCondUCZetosustainab1.einvestment.Thepro1.iferationofdigita1.so1.utionsforinvestmentfaci1.itation,ashigh1.ightedinthisreport,exemp1.ifiestheWIRscommitmenttoprovidingtangib1.eandactionab1.epo1.icyrecommen

21、dationseveninthemostcha1.1.engingoftimes.Aswenavigatethecomp1.exitiesofthe21stcentury,theW旧remindsusthatinvestmentisnotjustaboutcapita1.f1.ows;itisabouthumanpotentia1.,environmenta1.stewardshipandtheenduringpursuitofamoreequtabteandsustainab1.ewor1.d1.etusembracethisvisionWrthreneweddetermination,re

22、cognizingthatthechoicesWemaketodaywi1.1.shapethwor1.dwe1.eavebehindforgenerationstome.RebecaGrynspanSecretaryGenera1.ofUNTradeandDeve1.opmentAcknow1.edgementsTheWor1.dInvestmentReport2024waspreparedbyateamatUNCTAD1.edbyRichardBoJwijn.UNCTADteammembersinc1.udedDafinaAtanasova.ViXen1.Beyer.StephaniaBo

23、ni1.1.a.Ju1.ienBornon,BrunoCase1.1.a,Josephe1.ements,Mathi1.deC1.osset,TiffanyGrabski,FrankGroze1.,Nata1.iaGuerra.NamedE1.Kady,Anastasia1.eskova.MassimoMe1.oni.AnthonyMi1.1.er.BtaMonazavi,AbrahamNegash,YongfuOuyang,MariosPournaris,IanRichards,DianaRosert,AmefcaU.SantosPauiino.ChangbumSon.AstritSu1.s

24、tarova,YihuaTeng.QaudiaTrentiniandKeeHweeWee.ResearchsupportandinputswereprovidedbyCimanAra1.Gh.GregoryA1.1.anAuc1.air.WeijiaHu.OktawianKuc,Cort1.eRoux,NoeMichon1.E1.isaNavarra,Ne1.sonPerez,1.ucasRicardo,1.aurenSatterthwaite.PrachiSharma.KjartanSorensen.RickvandetMaasandVanmaVegezzi.Commentsandntrib

25、utionswereprovidedbyco1.1.eaguesinUNCTAD:KiyoshiAdachi.RodrigoCarcamo.MarcoFugazza.EbruGkeDessemond.Pou1.Hansen,IgorPaunovic,1.uisaRodriguez,MesutSaygi1.i,DaweiWangandAnidaYupari,aswe1.1.astheOfficeoftheSecretary-Genera1.Statis1.ica1.assistancewasprovidedbyMohamedChirazBa1.y.KeremBayrakcekenandBrad1

26、.eyBoiurt.ITassistancewasprovidedbyChrysanthiKouHi.Themanuscriptwascopy-editedby1.ise1.ingo.Thedesignofthechartsandinfographics,andthetypesettingoftherep(x1.weredonebyMariaTeresaArrigoniandMatteoOdaniProductionofthereportwassupportedbyE1.isabethMarescha1.andKatiaVieu.AtvariousstagesofthepreparationG

27、thetemechapter,inc0ngthepeerreview.IxainstOfmingmeetingsandCfiscusseonsinthemarginoftheUNCTADInvestmentandEnterpriseCOmmiSSJOnmeetingonInvestmentFaci1.itationforSustainab1.eDeve1.opment,theteambenefitedfromcommentsandinputsreceivedfromexterna1.experts:YasserAbbas.IsiakaAbdu1.qadirImam.Axe1.Berger.AJ

28、ejandroEncinasNajera,NajwaHa1.aseh1ArchieKariuki.O1.ga1.ucia1.ozano.VictorMatass4.UgoPanizza.DenizSusar,Cami1.oTrigueros.ChhimeTshering.IngmarVa1.i.ChristianVo1.peMartincus.DanaAkramAbda1.1.ahMZoub,andJ1.AVangZhu.Theteamisgratefu1.foradvice,inputandcommentsreceivedfromnumerousOHBCiaiSincentra1.banks

29、,nationa1.governmentagencies,iterat)naorganizationsandnon-governmenta1.organizations.Exp1.anatorynotesThetermscountryandeconomyasusedinthisreporta1.sorefer,asappropriate,toterritoriesorareas.Inaddition,thedesignationsofuntryandeconomygroupingsareintendedSdHytorstatistica1.Ofana1.ytica1.conveniencean

30、ddonotnecessarityexpressajudgementaboutthestageofdeetopmentreachedbyaparticu1.arcountryorareainthedeve1.opmentprocess.Themajorcountryandeconomygroupingsusedinthisreportfo1.1.owthec1.assificationoftheUnitedNationsStatistica1.Office: Deve1.opedeconomies:themembercountriesoftheOECD(otherthanChi1.e,Co1.

31、ombia.CostaRica.MexicoandTurkiye),EuropeanUnionmembercountriesthatarenotOECDmembers(Bu1.garia.Croatia.Cyprus,Ma1.taandRomania)p1.usA1.bania,Andorra.Be1.arus.Bermuda.BosniaandHerzegovina.1.iechtenstein.Monaco,Montenegro.NorthMacedonia,theRepub1.icofMo1.dova,theRussianFederabon,SanMarino,SertaandUkran

32、e.p1.ustheterrito11esofFaroeIs1.ands.Gibra1.tar.Green1.and.GuernseyandJersey. Deve1.opingeconomies:ingenera1.,a1.1.economiesnotspecifiedabove.Forstatistica1.purposes,thedataforChinadonotinc1.udethoseforHongKongSpecia1.AdministrativeRegion(HongKongSAR),MacaoSpecia1.AdministrativeRegion(MacaoSAR)orTaw

33、aProvinceofChina.Thrcwghoutthereport,dataoninvestmenttrendsfortheNether1.andsreferon1.ytotheNether1.ands:informationforAruba.CuraaoandSintMaartenisreportedseparate1.y.Methodo1.ogica1.detai1.sonFDIandMNEstatisticscanbefoundonthereportwebsite(https力unctad.org,top,nvstmnVwor1.d-investmontrport).Thefo1.

34、1.owingsymbo1.shavebeenusedinthetab1.es: Twodots(.)idcatethatdataarenotavai1.ab1.eorarenotseparate1.yreported.Rowsntab1.eshavebeenOmiItedinthosecaseswherenodataareavai1.ab1.eforanyofthee1.ementsintherow. Adash(Tindicatesthattheitemisequa1.tozerooritsva1.ueisneg1.igib1.e. AUakinatab1.eindicatesthatth

35、etenISnotapp1.icab1.e,un1.essotherwiseindicated. As1.ash)beveendatesrepresentingyears,e.g.2020,21.indicatesafinancia1.year. UseofaJash(一)betweenda1.esrepresentingyears,eg.2020-2021.srfiesthefu1.1.periodinvo1.ved,inc1.udingthebeginningandendyears. Referencetodo1.1.ars($)meansUnitedStatesdoars.un1.ess

36、otherwiseindcated.Annua1.ratesofgrowthorchange,un1.essOthenMsestated,poundrates.Detai1.sandpercentagesintab1.esdonotnecessari1.yaddtotota1.sbecauseofrounding.AbbreviationsAfCFTAAfricanCccxnerca1.FreeTfddeAreaNAFTANorthAmencanFreeTradeAgrcemcn1.ASEANAssocia1.icnofScahcastAsianWa1.k)reOECDOrganiSSton4

37、rEconamcCooPCrabonandASYCUDAAutomatedSystemforCusSacreDaeaDe*kE11OsciasureProjectOHCHROFcedttUriiedNaikinebhCommissicneftotHumanRightsCEPACompre*)eveEconomicPartnershipAgreemee0COrganisacono1.Is1.amicCoORra1.iOnCOV)D19aronwrusdscasc2019PPFpubcpensonfundECTEwgyCharierTreatyPPPubc-pnva9PamefshipEGDIG5

38、mmentDv0(opn9nt1.rSDGsSustartatfeDeVe1.OPfn5edenterpnsesGDPgrodomesticproductSPACspecia1.purposeMUtM1.onoo11a11yGERGhba1.En1.cfpcisoRegistra1.icnSWFwvro11WGaHhfundGHGgrenMW期TIPtreatywithnvestmentpSus1.ainaO1.eF1.nafXObeervasoryTNITfansnaticnaHyIndexOVCQ1.ct*a1.va1.uechainUNDESAUnfSeatemeototIazessme

39、ntTrade1.awDtspu1.csUNCTADUnidNaebneCoMe伯nsonTracfearjICTnfocm1.inand11nuncaeonsIeCEa1.时DCVOk)PnICrtIFDIfW凶Een1.Fa1.tatK)11SorDevekjpnicn1.UNEPUnedNaeonsEmrome11tProgrammeIFRSIntGmabona1.FrMIncRcponngStandardsUNIDROITIngEIIona1.1.nShI湖fortheUnH1.cagnofPwa1.eIIAntemaitonaiimwimenta%e的e01.awIMFIntemat

40、tona1.to11eryFSdUNODCUnedNatonsOHtoeonDrugsandCrimeIPACvesimezpromotionageocyUSMCAUni1.cdSta1.esftexco-CanatSaAgreementIPFSDInvestmentPoUyFrameAtxkforSusIanaNeWASHwa1.er,Sanea1.ionandhygieneDeVek)PmMCWIRWcrW11v6Stm6xRepoaISDSnv5tor-Sta1.edspu1.esett1.emcrcWTOWortdTradeOrganaah8ISSBIniematJona1.SuMai

41、nabiiiyStanaaoJsBoGrd11IMOfmaDoniec1.x)ogy1.DCfeastdeve1.opedcountry1.1.DCndddevechgcounifyM&Asmer9GrsandacquiseonsMNEmubna!i0n3CrterpnseMSMEsmicro-,smaandmedurnazednterpnwsTab1.eofcontentsExecutivesummaryxiChapter IInternationa1.investmenttrends1A. Foreigndirectinvestment31. G1.oba1.trends32. Trend

42、sbygeography53. Trendsbyprojecttypeandsector21B. InvestmentintheSustainab1.eDeve1.opmentGoa1.s29C. Internationa1.production341. Keyindicatorsofinternationa1.production342. Internationa1.izationtrendso1.the1.argestMNEs363. Shiftinginvestmentpatternsamongthetop100MNEs38Chapter IIInvestmentpo1.icytrends45A. Nationa1.investmentpo1.icies471. Over